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Etiology:
-Idiopathic
-Familial incidence
-Physical stimuli (head trauma, loud
noises or bright lights)
-Biochemical stimuli (stress, CNS infection,
brain tumor, high fever, hypertension,
metabolic and toxic conditions, drug and
alcohol withdrawal, excessive
premenstrual fluid retention, etc.)
Altered permeability of
neuronal membrane
Hyperexcitable
epileptogenic focus
Neurotransmitter
imbalance
SEIZURE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Spread of depolarization
to the spinal cord
Abnormal motor or
sensory activity
Inhibitory neurons in
cortex, anterior
thalamus and basal
ganglia begin to inhibit
cortical excitation
Cerebral
hypoxia
Seizure
Status Epilepticus
Complications:
-severe hypoxia
-hypoglycemia
-acidosis
-injury
Cerebral
hypoglycemia
Metabolic
acidosis
Reference:
Gould, B. E. (2007). Pathophysiology for the health professions. Elsevier Singapore PTE LTD.
Smeltzer, S. C., Brenda, B. G., Hinkle, J. L., & Cheever, K. H. (2008). Brunner & suddarth's textbook of medical-surgical
nursing. Philadephia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.