2007 Conference Program - Midwest Political Science Association

Thursday, April 12 – 8:00 am – 9:35 am 

1-106 ROUNDTABLE: TRANSITIONS TO DEMOCRACY 

(Co-sponsored with Comparative Politics: Transitions 

Toward Democracy, see 4-101) 

Room Red Lacquer, 4 th Floor, Thur at 8:00 am 

Chair David J. Samuels, University of Minnesota 

Panelist Barbara Geddes, University of California, Los Angeles 

Mitchell Seligson, Vanderbilt University 

Zachary Elkins, University of Illinois 

Overview: This roundtable brings together scholars in an effort to 

broadly assess the steps forward scholars have taken in recent 

years in assessing the causes of transitions to democracy, as well 

as assess persistent conceptual, theoretical and empirical hurdles. 

2-1 SOCIETIES AND WELFARE STATES: 

DEVELOPMENT, MEASUREMENT, AND 

IMPACTS OF SOCIAL POLICY 

Room Salon 1, 3 rd Floor, Thur at 8:00 am 

Chair Susan Giaimo, Marquette University 

Paper Women’s Resources and Welfare State Development 

Catherine Bolzendahl, University of California, Irvine 

Overview: Explores the impact of changing gender relations on 

welfare state development in twelve industrialized democracies. 

Results provide evidence for the importance of marriage rates, 

women’s labor force participation, and women’s legislative 

presence. 

Paper De-commodification and Trust: A Cross-Country Study for 

Welfare Spending 

Changkuk Jung, Michigan State University 

Overview: In the cross-country data, de-commodification 

measured by ILO’s social spending separates out the effect of decommodification 

from the confounding effect of the universaltype 

institutions in the universal-welfare-trust literature. 

Paper The End of Work or Working Endlessly? Voters' Attitudes to 

Retrenching Early Retirement Schemes in Europe 

Achim Kemmerling, Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin 

Overview: This paper investigates the role of causal beliefs for 

explaining voters' opinions on retrenchment in early retirement 

policies. 

Paper Beyond Fractions of GDP: How Politics Affects Actual 

Welfare Policies 

Christine S. Lipsmeyer, Texas A&M University 

Overview: In this paper, I present and use a new measure of 

welfare policy, one based on changes in the structures or 

characteristics of five policies—unemployment, pension, sickness, 

maternity, and family benefits—to show how governments shape 

social policy. 

Disc. Susan Giaimo, Marquette University 

MPSA 

Midwest Political Science Association 

65 th Annual National Conference 

April 12-15, 2007 

2-11 PERSPECTIVES ON FISCAL AND MONETARY 

POLICIES IN DEVELOPED DEMOCRACIES 


Chair Robert J. Franzese, Jr., University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 

Paper Policy: To Lock-, or Not To Lock-In? 

Jorge Bravo, Duke University 

Iain McLean, Oxford University 

Overview: Policy: to lock, or not to lock, in? A game theoretic 

model of policy commitment and electoral competition (Or why 

the British Conservative Party did not introduce an independent 

Central Bank but Labour did). 

Paper Institutions, Attention Shifts, and Changes within National 

Budgets 

Christian Breunig, University of Washington 

Overview: Why do national governments legislate massive change 

in some budget areas while leaving other parts untouched? 

Decision-makers’ attention to a few issues at a time enables them 

to overcome the legislative road-blocks that usually prevent 

change. 

Paper The Impact of Fiscal Decentralization on Different Types of 

Public Spending 

Marius R. Busemeyer, Max Planck Institute for the Study of 

Societies 

Overview: The literature on fiscal decentralization reaches no firm 

conclusion on the size and direction of its impact on spending. 

This paper provides a new perspective by looking at different 

types of spending (education, social... spending). 

Paper Monetary-Fiscal Policy Interactions with an Independent 

Central Bank 

Thomas Sattler, ETH Zurich 

Overview: I reassess the influence of central bank independence 

on the economy when policy preferences between the fiscal and 

monetary authorities diverge. Using multivariate time series 

methods, I test the model’s implications for Germany from 1950 

to 1998. 

Disc. Robert J. Franzese, Jr., University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 

4-5 PARTIES AND ELECTIONS IN DEMOCRATIC 

TRANSITIONS 

Room PDR 4, 3 rd Floor, Thur at 8:00 am 

Chair Matthew Golder, Florida State University 

Paper Party System Institutionalization and the Level of Democracy 

Frank C. Thames, Texas Tech University 

Joe Robbins, Texas Tech University 

Overview: The party system development literature is founded on 

the assump tion that weak party systems undermine democracy. 

Our paper tests this assumption by examining the effect of party 

system developement on democracy in Latin American and 

Eastern Europe. 

Paper The Number of Parties in Electoral Authoritarian Regimes: 

An Empirical Test 

Ora John E. Reuter, Emory University 

Andrew Kirkpatrick, Emory University 

Overview: This paper examines the determinants of party 

aggregation and fragmentation in electoral authoritarian regimes. 

Page | 67

Paper The Survival of Political Parties in Newly Established 

Democracies 

Jason M. Smith, Texas A&M University 

Shawn H. Williams, Central Texas College 

Overview: Using organizational theory as a foundation, it is 

argued that the survival of new parties is a function of the 

resources available, the background of leaders, the environment in 

which these parties exist, and the embeddedness of these new 

parties. 

Paper The Fallacy of The Fallacy of Electoralism 

Michael Cutrone, Princeton University 

Nedim Ogelman, 

Overview: This paper reconsiders the 'fallacy of electoralism' and 

argues that a proper understanding of electoral competition can 

encapsulate the requisites for democracy. 

Disc. Emily A. Beaulieu, University of Kentucky 

5-1 BARGAINING POWER IN POLICY MAKING 


Chair Claudia Dahlerus, Albion College 

Paper Voucher Reforms in Americas and Swedens Schools 

Michael B. Klitgaard, University of Southern Denmark 

Overview: This paper explains the American rejection and 

Swedish adoption of public vouchers in primary school policy as a 

consequence of varying institutional rules for political decision 

making between these two countries. 

Paper Strategic Policy-Seekers and Electoral Systems: The Politics of 

Education 

Tim Hicks, Nuffield College, University of Oxford 

Overview: With the electoral system providing in-built advantage 

to Left or Right, we should expect each party to exploit this 

knowledge in policy formulation. This mechanism is used 

formally to explain the diverse politics of school vouchers across 

countries. 

Paper Policy Balancing in Presidential Elections: The Effect of 

Presidential Powers 

Orit Kedar, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 

Overview: Using constitutional and electoral data from most 

presidential democracies since the war, I demonstrate that the 

more constitutionally powerful is the president, the greater the loss 

of support for her party in nonconcurrent legislative elections. 

Paper The Impact of Incumbency on Budget Deficits 

Jeffrey R. Kucik, Emory University 

Stephen Chaudion, Emory University 

Overview: We formalize the impact of electoral outcomes on a 

government's ability to sustain inflated budget deficits in periods 

following an exogenous economic shock. We find that the size of 

electoral mandate is a key determinant of future deficit spending. 

Disc. Claudia Dahlerus, Albion College 

7-1 EU DEMANDS, CANDIDATE RESPONSES 

Room Sandburg 7, 7 th Floor, Thur at 8:00 am 

Chair Debra J. Holzhauer, Southeast Missouri State University 

Paper Transmitting Europe: The European Union and Minority 

Rights in the Baltic 

Holley E. Hansen, University of Iowa 

Zachary D. Greene, University of Iowa 

Overview: This paper tests the idea of the European Union as an 

agent of socialization for minority rights, focusing on how two 

mechanisms of socialization - social influence and persuasion - 

may promote behavioral and attitudinal changes within states. 

Paper Turkey's Immigration Policy: Can EU Norms Change 

Turkey's Identity? 

Juliette Tolay, University of Delaware 

Overview: In the domain of immigration, Turkey's identity has 

implied the inclusion of migrants of Turkish origin or culture and 

the exclusion of ænon-Turkish' migrants. This conception is 

incompatible with EU standards and therefore subject to 

redefinition. 

Page | 68 

Paper Impacts of the EU’s Political Conditionality on Poland, 

Romania and Turkey 

Beken Saatcioglu, University of Virginia 

Overview: This paper analyzes the variation in compliance with 

the EU’s political membership criteria in Poland, Romania and 

Turkey and uses content analysis to discover the levels of clarity 

and credibility of the EU’s post-1993 political conditionality. 

Disc. Marko Papic, University of Texas, Austin 

Zeki Sarigil, University of Pittsburgh 

8-1 DECENTRALIZATION AND SUBNATIONAL 

GOVERNMENTS IN LATIN AMERICA 


Chair Allyson Benton, CIDE, Mexico 

Paper The International Political Economy of Decentralization in 

Latin America 

J. Tyler Dickovick, Washington and Lee University 

Kent Eaton, University of California, Santa Cruz 

Overview: This paper analyzes the numerous conflicts that have 

emerged involving subnational governments and foreign 

investment across Latin America in the wake of decentralization 

and liberalization. 

Paper Clientelism and Social Policy in Argentine Municipalities 

Rebecca Weitz-Shapiro, Columbia University 

Overview: Why do some local governments perform well, while 

others perform poorly, distributing goods in a personalistic 

manner? This paper uses an original dataset of social welfare 

policy implementation in Argentine cities to explain such 

variation. 

Paper Collective Action through Association: The Mexican National 

Conference of Governors 

Laura Flamand, El Colegio de la Frontera Norte, Mexico 

Overview: By exploring the creation and upholding of the 

Mexican National Conference of Governors (Conago), this paper 

analyzes a solution to the collective action problem faced by 

governors in their interactions with the central government. 

Paper Revitalized Federalism and the Role of Governors in 

Argentina: Some Insights from the Experience of the Frente 

Federal de Gobernadores 

Juan Cruz Olmeda, Northwestern University 

Overview: Considering the case of the, still not extensively 

studied, "Frente Federal de Gobernadores” in Argentina this paper 

aims to better understand the conditions under which governors 

form coalitions to negotiate with the federal authorities. 

Paper The Municipalismo Movement in Brazil: An Examination of 

National and State Level 

Mariano Magalhaes, Augustana College 

Raquel Barros, Augustana College 

Overview: This paper examines the impact of three national level 

institutions. 

Disc. Alfred P. Montero, Carleton College 

9-1 DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES OF CHINA AND 

EAST ASIA 


Chair Venelin Ganev, Miami University, Oxford 

Paper East Heads West: Export Strategies of Chinese Automotive 

Makers 

Irina Aervitz, Miami University, Oxford 

Overview: This article discusses state policies that encourage 

Chinese companies to export and export strategies of three 

automotive enterprises: Beiqi Foton Motor Co., Great Wall, and 

Chery Automobile Co. 

Paper Third Wave of Market Internationalization in Asia: Causes 

and Consequences 

Francis Schortgen, Miami University, Oxford 

Overview: From a comparative perspective, I will critically 

evaluate Chinese MNC strategies and contrast them with earlier 

internationalization waves of Asian capitalism, namely those 

spearheaded by Japan in the 1980s and South Korea in the 1990s.

Paper Special Economic Zones as a Path of Development: The Case 

of China 

Tony Frye, Miami University, Oxford 

Overview: This paper investigates the use of special economic 

zones (SEZs) in China to attract foreign direct investment, as well 

as its policy consequences on the investment choices of U.S. 

automobile manufacturers that invest in these zones. 

Disc. Phillip Stalley, Princeton University 

14-1 ELECTIONS, TERROR, NATURAL DISASTERS, 

AND CROSS-BORDER CAPITAL FLOWS 


Chair William Bernhard, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Paper Gravity Model of Globalization, Democracy and 

Transnational Terrorism 

Brock S. Blomberg, Claremont McKenna College 

Peter B. Rosendorff, New York University 

Overview: This paper provides an original study into how 

democratization and globalization influence transnational 

terrorism examining the motives of terrorists and how democratic 

institutions and international integration influence non-state 

economic actors. 

Paper Is Democracy Good for Development? Maybe Not 

John A. Doces, University of Southern California 

Overview: I demonstrate that malaria infections decimate existing 

levels of human capital and also, by increasing fertility rates, 

prevent the development of future levels of human capital, 

decreasing the expected return to capital. 

Paper The Financial Costs of Natural Disasters, Terrorist Strikes, 

and Elections 

David Leblang, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Overview: Drawing on a diverse set of countries and investment 

instruments we analyze the impact of natural disasters, terrorist 

strikes and political events on financial markets. 

Paper Partisan Banking Cycles in Emerging Markets 

Paul M. Vaaler, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Overview: We examine whether and how overall international 

lending levels and or international lending maturities vary during 

election years in emerging markets. 

Disc. William Bernhard, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

14-3 LABOR FLOWS AND HUMAN CAPITAL 


Chair Jamus J. Lim, Centre College 

Paper Regime Type and Immigration 

Nikola Mirilovic, University of Chicago 

Overview: The effects of immigration on entitlement programs 

differ under different regime types and also drive immigration 

policy choices. There is more immigration into rich dictatorships 

than into rich democracies. 

Paper Industry and Immigration: A Sectoral Anaylsis of 

Immigration Policy 

Shannon L. Port, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Overview: This paper takes a comparative approach to examining 

how the relative strength of industrial sectors within a state’s 

economy influences its immigration policy. 

Paper Migration Regulation Contagion 

Herbert Bruecker, Institute for Employment Research 

Philipp J. H. Schroeder, University of Aarhus 

Overview: This paper analyzes the political economy of regulating 

migration. We find theoretically and empirically that countries 

which regulate by human capital criteria admit more migrants, and 

if one country opts for regulation others are forced to follow. 

Paper Intangible Capital Flows Whereto? New International 

Regime in S&T and R&D? 

Adrian S. Petrescu, University of Texas, Brownsville 

Overview: Europe produces less innovation than its strong science 

base predicts. Japan produces more than its weak science base 

predicts. I argue intangible capital flows explain the puzzle, while 

asking whether an international regime on S&T and R&D is 

brewing or overdue. 

Paper Do Interest Groups Affect Immigration? 

Prachi Mishra, International Monetary Fund 

Anna Maria Mayda, Georgetown University 

Giovanni Facchini, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Overview: This paper analyzes the impact of special interest 

groups on immigration in the U.S. using a unique industry-level 

dataset on lobbying expenditures by businesses specifically for 

immigration issues. 

Disc. Jamus J. Lim, Centre College 

15-1 THE POLITICS OF FOREIGN ASSISTANCE 


Chair Leonid Kil, University of California, Berkeley 

Paper Faith and Foreign Aid 

Joshua D. Loud, Brigham Young University 

Christopher B. O'Keefe, Brigham Young University 

Overview: We argue that increasing apprehension towards the 

Muslim world allows European political leaders to use bilateral 

foreign aid as a policy tool in Muslim countries, rather than 

altruistically, as voters prefer. 

Paper Aid After the 2004 Tsunami: The Performance of State and 

Non-State Actors 

Miguel F. P. de Figueiredo, University of California, Berkeley 

Benjamin A. Oppenheim, University of California, Berkeley 

Greg Rafert, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: Using surveys and interviews in India, Indonesia, and 

Sri Lanka following the 2004 Asian Tsunami, we examine 

variation in the performance of the state, NGOs, international 

organizations, and other actors in providing disaster relief to 

recipients. 

Paper International Aid Refocused: Trading Stability for Reform 

Martin C. Steinwand, University of Rochester 

Overview: International aid may lead to political instability in 

recipient countries if conditionality succeeds in inducing political 

reform. Formal and empirical analyses produce solid evidence that 

conditional aid increases the probability of civil war. 

Paper Funding Workers' Rights: Foreign Aid and ILO Core Labor 

Standards 

Reed M. Wood, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Overview: This paper assesses the impact of OECD official 

development assistance (ODA) on the promotion of core labor 

rights in developing countries in the post-Cold War period. 

Paper Private Foreign Assistance: What Role Might it Play? 

Julie M. Bunck, University of Louisville 

Overview: The topic of private foreign aid has caught the attention 

of scholars. This new focus raises challenging questions regarding 

quantification of aid levels, the efficiency of delivery, and the 

level of cooperation between public and private donors. 

Disc. Leonid Kil, University of California, Berkeley 

15-9 DOMESTIC POLITICS AND 

COUNTERTERRORISM 

Room Monroe, 6 th Floor, Thur at 8:00 am 

Chair John H. Parham, Davenport University 

Paper U.S. Immigration Policy in an Age of Terror 

Debra L. DeLaet, Drake University 

Overview: This case study of U.S. immigration policy after 9/11 

seeks to answer the following question: has the United States 

moved from “an age of rights” to “an age of terror” in terms of the 

dominant domestic political forces shaping U.S. immigration 

policy? 

Paper US Response to the Threat of Nuclear Terror: Policy in Search 

of a Strategy 

Alethia Cook, University of Akron 

Overview: The threat of terrorist use of a nuclear device has 

evolved since the U.S. developed the first atomic weapons. This 

paper explores the evolution of this threat and the U.S. 

government's response to it. 

Page | 69

Paper Fear of Terrorism and National Defense Politics 

Musa Tuzuner, Kent State University 

Osman Dolu, Kent State University 

Overview: In this paper, we statistically show a substantial policy 

outcome, increasing the US National Defense Budget, as a 

function of state-contextual-variables as opposed to be a reflection 

of fear of terrorism as framed by the politicians. 

Disc. Mariya Y. Omelicheva, Purdue University 

John H. Parham, Davenport University 

16-1 MODELING PATHWAYS TO REVOLT 


Chair Bridget L. Coggins, Dartmouth College 

Paper Just War Theory and the Northern Ireland 

David Schmitt, Northeastern University 

Overview: Applying just war theory to the IRA campaign of 

violence during the contemporary era, this paper argues that 

republican justifications for their pursuit of Irish unification 

through a violent struggle against British rule fail to meet the tests 

of just war. 

Paper The War on Terror: Regimes’ Responses (Saudi Arabia and 

Indonesia) 

Ribhi I. Salhi, Roosevelt University 

Overview: This paper will assess the effectiveness of these two 

countries in fighting their national terrorism. It analyzes the 

political concerns for them for rallying behind the U.S. on its 

global war on terror. 

Paper Cluster Analysis of Revolutionary Causation in Twenty-four 

Revolutions and Rebellions 

Christopher Newman, Elgin Community College 

Overview: The paper proposes to subject leading accounts of 

twenty-four revolutions and rebellions to textual analysis using the 

Simple Concordance Program. The most commonly used words 

and phrases will then be subjected to cluster analysis. 

Disc. Joshua C. Walton, Claremont Graduate University 

17-1 IT COMES WITH THE TERRITORY: 

GEOGRAPHY, BORDERS, AND CONFLICT 


Chair Krista E. Wiegand, Georgia Southern University 

Paper Point A to Point B: Straight-Line Borders and the Probability 

of Conflict 

Cyrus Karimian, University of Kentucky 

Overview: Examines international conflict between contiguous 

dyads, estimating the effects of different geographical borders. 

Why are straight-line borders prone to peace when contiguous 

dyads are more likely to engage in conflict than non-contiguous 

dyads? 

Paper The Making of the Territorial Order: How Borders Are 

Drawn 

David B. Carter, University of Rochester 

Hein Goemans, University of Rochester 

Overview: We find that new international borders drawn in the 

aftermath of secession and militarized conflict are drawn not 

according to principles of ``nationalism'' or military strategy, but 

rather in accordance with previous administrative frontiers. 

Paper Taking Geography Seriously: War and Geographic and 

Colonial Networks 

Peter M. Li, National University of Singapore 

Overview: This paper adopts techniques and concepts from graph 

theory and social network analysis to construct a measure of 

geography which can better aid our understanding of the 

mechanism by which geography affects the likelihood of 

international conflict. 

Paper Sustaining Peace in Post-Secessional Dyadic Relations 

Ioannis Ziogas, University of Georgia 

Mwita Chacha, University of Georgia 

Overview: This research is concerned with identifying dynamics 

that may resonate upon two states' relationship, when one of them 

has been created through the process of partition and the other has 

not. 

Disc. Krista E. Wiegand, Georgia Southern University 

Page | 70 

19-1 POWER, ECONOMICS, AND CONFLICT IN 

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS 

Room Clark 10, 7 th Floor, Thur at 8:00 am 

Chair Duncan Snidal, University of Chicago 

Paper Evaluating World Bank Post-Conflict Assistance Programs, 

1987-2006 

Irfan Nooruddin, Ohio State University 

Thomas Edward Flores, University of Michigan 

Overview: We examine reconstruction efforts by the World Bank 

in post-conflict societies and explain which countries receive 

funds and which ones successfully recover. 

Paper Power Preponderance, Institutional Homogeneity, and the 

Likelihood of Regional Integration 

Gaspare M. Genna, University of Texas, El Paso 

Overview: This paper introduces a theory and research design that 

attempts to explain and predict levels of regional integration 

worldwide. Systematic testing of the hypotheses is introduced in 

the preliminary research design. 

Paper Trade Links and the Kantian Peace: A Network-Theoretic 

Approach to Communication, Inter-Cultural Understanding, 

and Conflict 

Han Dorussen, University of Essex 

Hugh Ward, University of Essex 

Overview: We examine Classical Liberal arguments about 

international trade using social network theory and find that trade 

networks indeed are pacifying. 

Paper Vicious and Virtuous Circles: Is Peace Endogenous to IGO 

Attributes and Memberships? 

Charles Boehmer, University of Texas, El Paso 

Timothy Nordstrom, University of Mississippi 

Erik Gartzke, Columbia University 

Overview: We examine endogeneity between state membership in 

IGOs with interstate peace and institutional structure of IGOs. 

Disc. Megan Shannon, University of Mississippi 

Duncan Snidal, University of Chicago 

21-4 HEURISTICS: HOW "GOOD" ARE THEY? 

Room Parlor H, 6 th Floor, Thur at 8:00 am 

Chair Christopher Lawrence, Saint Louis University 

Paper First Things First; Heuristic Reasoning and the Source Cue 

Environment 

David Schwieder, Susquehanna University 

Overview: This paper broadens the study of source cue based 

heuristic reasoning by adding an analysis of the surrounding 

media environment to existing studies that have examined 

individual processing of these kinds of cues. 

Paper Fuzzy Heuristics and Voting 

Drew Seib, Southern Illinois University 

Overview: This study examines a person’s ability to use the 

ideology heuristic when it is not clear to the recipient by 

presenting subjects with a combination of ideologically traditional 

and nontraditional candidates. 

Paper Understanding Ideological Identity through Personality 

Traits: A Common Heuristic? 

Leonie Huddy, Stony Brook University 

Everett Young, Stony Brook University 

Overview: We examine how using nonpolitical personality traits 

such as open-minded and traditional to understand ideological 

labels’ meanings (“liberals are open-minded”) allows people to 

define their ideological identity. 

Disc. Sung-youn Kim, University of Iowa 

Toby W. Bolsen, Northwestern University 

21-7 DELIBERATION 


Chair Thomas E. Nelson, Ohio State University 

Paper An Examination of Neutral Respondents in a Deliberative 

Experiment 

Lori M. Weber, California State University, Chico 

Peter Muhlberger, Texas Tech University 

Overview: A central claim of deliberation research is attitude 

change. This paper examines “neutral” responses from a

deliberation experiment. We argue that these respondents can lack 

the mental "schema" for absorbing new political information. 

Paper The Interplay between Political Discussion and Sense of 

Community 

Mary R. Anderson, University of Memphis 

Overview: This paper explores the interplay between sense of 

community and patterns of political discussion. 

Paper Is Deliberative Democracy Psychologically Plausible? 

Arthur Lupia, University of Michigan 

Yanna Krupnikov, University of Michigan 

Adam Seth Levine, University of Michigan 

Overview: In deliberation, participants take turns speaking. We 

examine communicative dynamics that are related to 

communicative sequences. We use these insights to build a new 

theory of deliberative effectiveness. 

Paper Strategic and Communicative Rationality in a Deliberative 

Field Experiment 

Peter J. Muhlberger, Texas Tech University 

Overview: Strategic participants may seek to manipulate 

democratic deliberation. This paper validates a measure of 

manipulation and finds that it occurs more in some online 

deliberations and is explained by political internalization and 

authority attitudes. 

Disc. Thomas E. Nelson, Ohio State University 

22-1 BALLOT ORDER EFFECTS 


Chair Michael J. Hanmer, Georgetown University 

Paper Titling Effects on Passage of State Ballot Initiatives 

Chad Murphy, University of California, Riverside 

Jackie Filla, University of California, Riverside 

Overview: Does changing the titles of ballot initiatives change the 

level of support for the initiative? 

Paper The Causes and Consequence of Ballot Order-Effects 

Marc N. Meredith, Stanford University 

Yuval Salant, Stanford University 

Overview: We show that ballot order changes the outcomes of 

over five percent of California local elections. Focusing on multimember 

district elections allows us to isolate the mechanisms 

causing order-effects in a way unavailable in single-member 

districts. 

Paper Ballot Effects: Expanding External Validity Through Wider 

Experimentation 

Joseph Sempolinski, Yale University 

Overview: A replication of the ballot order experiment described 

in Koppell and Steen 2004. The method utilizes the rotation of 

ballot order in New York City for primaries. This is a replication 

in the same setting over a new, more varied and larger dataset. 

Disc. Michael J. Hanmer, Georgetown University 

23-1 THE IMPACT OF MONEY AND FINANCE 

REGULATIONS 


Chair David Dulio, Oakland University 

Paper The FEC as Enforcer: Evaluating the ‘Toothless Anaconda’ 

Michael M. Franz, Bowdoin College 

Overview: This paper evaluates the enforcement actions of the 

FEC by exploiting a unique database of 700 legal complaints 

moderated by the commission since 1995. 

Paper Spending Limits in Practice: The Case of Albuquerque 

Anthony G. Gierzynski, University of Vermont 

Donald Gross, University of Kentucky 

Overview: This paper reports on a time series analysis of the 

impact of mandatory campaign spending limits in Albuquerque, 

NM city elections on the costs of elections, voter turnout, 

competition, reelection rates of incumbents, and electoral success. 

Paper Public Money, Candidate Time, and Electoral Outcomes in 

State Legislative Elections 

Michael G. Miller, Cornell University 

Overview: Using survey data, I find that publicly-funded 

candidates spend less time raising money and more time actively 

seeking votes than traditionally funded candidates. Further, this 

extra time in the field translates to general election vote gains. 

Paper Money and Elections: The Iowa State Legislative Elections of 

2006 

Arthur Sanders, Drake University 

Overview: This study uses finance data and interviews with party 

and group leaders to explore the strategies, successes and failures 

in the 2006 Iowa State House and Senate elections with a focus on 

the impact of money on those races. 

Disc. David Dulio, Oakland University 

Kevin M. Wagner, Florida Atlantic University 

24-2 GENDER QUOTAS AND WOMEN'S 

REPRESENTATION 


Chair Miki Caul Kittilson, Arizona State University 

Paper Electoral Quotas: Frequency and Effectiveness 

Richard E. Matland, Loyola University, Chicago 

Overview: This paper proposes a model of gender quotas for 

elections to parliamentary positions, taking the legislative 

recruitment process as a starting point. It then analyzes the 

variables that influence which types of quotas are adopted. 

Paper Democratic Legitimacy or Electoral Gain? Why Countries 

Adopt Gender Quotas 

Leslie A. Schwindt-Bayer, University of Mississippi 

Harvey Palmer, University of Mississippi 

Overview: We empirically test a theory of endogenous 

institutional change to determine whether states and parties adopt 

legislative gender quotas to achieve long-term goals of democratic 

legitimacy via more inclusive electoral participation or if they 

adopt quotas. 

Paper The Global Impact of Quotas: On the Fast Track to Increased 

Female Legislative Representation 

Aili Mari Tripp, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Alice Kang, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: This crossnational study of 153 countries demonstrates 

that today the introduction of quotas offers the most explanatory 

power for women's representation in national legislatures together 

with party-list proportional representation electoral systems. 

Paper Theorizing the Implementation and Impact of Candidate 

Gender Quotas 

Mona Lena Krook, Washington University, St. Louis 

Overview: Gender quotas have now been adopted in more than 

one hundred countries around the world, but result in varying 

changes in the numbers of women elected to political office. 

Disc. Pamela Paxton, Ohio State University 

25-1 PARTISANSHIP AND PARTY CUES 


Chair Paul R. Abramson, Michigan State University 

Paper Why Does Macropartisanship Vary Substantially from Cohort 

to Cohort? 

Matthew D. Atkinson, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: Macropartisanship varies substantially from cohort to 

cohort. The macropartisanship of each cohort is explained by the 

national policy mood during the cohort's early adolescence. The 

mechanism underlying this relationship is event-driven 

socialization. 

Paper Party Frames and Public Opinion 

Rune Slothuus, University of Aarhus 

Overview: The relative impact of party cues and issue frames on 

citizens' opinion formation and interactive effects of source, 

message, and receiver characteristics are investigated in a series of 

experiments embedded in a 2006 national representative survey. 

Paper Asymmetric Partisan Biases in Perceptions of Political Parties 

Jonathan Woon, Carnegie Mellon University 

Overview: I show that citizens’ perceptions of party positions on 

issues vary systematically as a function of partisanship, show that 

its effects are nonlinear and vary across issues, and investigate the 

role of affect, sophistication, and issue salience. 

Page | 71

Paper Uncertainty and Heterogeneity in the Issue-Basis of Party 

Identification 

Andrew D. Garner, University of Mississippi 

Overview: This paper seeks to contribute to the party 

identification literature by examining how the clarity of citizens’ 

issue preferences conditions the effect of issues on party 

identification. 

Disc. Paul R. Abramson, Michigan State University 

25-17 PUBLIC OPINION ON ECONOMIC AND FISCAL 

POLICY 

Room Parlor F, 6 th Floor, Thur at 8:00 am 

Chair Kent L. Tedin, University of Houston 

Paper Self-Interest, False Consciousness, Ignorance, and Values in 

U.S. Tax Opinion 

Andrea L. Campbell, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 

Overview: Examines bases of Americans’ views on various taxes 

and tax reform proposals, and how support and attitudinal 

structures vary across groups of differing economic status and 

political influence. 

Paper The Politics of Free Trade: View from the U.S. 

Sukru D. Koyluoglu, Eastern Michigan University 

Overview: This study focuses on the politics of free trade as it 

attempts to capture the reactions of people, over a wide spectrum 

of the society, who are affected directly or indirectly by the free 

trade policies of the last one and a half decade. 

Paper Information and Consumer Uncertainty 

Paul M. Kellstedt, Texas A&M University 

Suzanna L. De Boef, Pennsylvania State University 

Overview: We investigate the causes of individual-level consumer 

uncertainty using the Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior, 

and ask whether individuals with low or high levels of information 

and sophistication exhibit more uncertainty. 

Paper Political Trust, Ideology, and Public Support for Tax Cuts 

Thomas J. Rudolph, University of Illinois 

Overview: Using data from three different surveys of the 

American public, this paper analyzes the joint role that political 

trust and ideology play in shaping public attitudes toward tax cuts, 

accelerated tax cuts, permanent tax cuts, and the inheritance tax. 

Paper Feelings Toward Big Business and Labor: Changes Over Time 

Adam H. Hoffman, University of Maryland 

Overview: Tracking the publics' perception of business and labor 

over the past four decades, this paper examines the relative 

success of business in the policy process and how, as compared to 

labor, it has maintained a favorable image among the public. 

Disc. Justin H. Phillips, Columbia University 

Kent L. Tedin, University of Houston 

26-2 GETTING OUT THE VOTE: MOBILIZATION AND 

VOTER TURNOUT 


Chair Jason Barabas, Florida State University 

Paper Mobilizing Minorities: New Lessons from California Field 

Experiments 

Melissa R. Michelson, California State University, East Bay 

Lisa Garcia Bedolla, University of California, Irvine 

Donald P. Green, Yale University 

Overview: Results from a series of community organization-led 

voter mobilization experiments from the June 2006 primary 

election in California, most with minority populations, yielding a 

number of new "best practices" for guiding such efforts. 

Paper Do Voter Registration Drives Increase Voter Turnout? 

Tina M. Ebenger, Calumet College of St. Joseph 

Darren Henderson, Calumet College of St. Joseph 

Overview: The paper gauges the effect of a voter registration drive 

on voter turnout (and other assumptions regarding voting 

behavior), by conducting a voter registration drive at CCSJ. It 

then compares the results to a previous study done in 2004. 

Page | 72 

Paper Does Canvasser Dress Affect Voter Turnout: The T-Shirt 

Experiment 

Andra Gillespie, Emory University 

Overview: Do well-dressed canvasser increase voter turnout 

more? This paper presents results from a randomized field 

experiment, where casually and professionally dressed canvassers 

visit voters in a randomized field experiment. 

Disc. David W. Nickerson, University of Notre Dame 

27-9 RACE, ETHNICITY, AND THE REPRESENTATION 

OF POLITICS 


Chair Carol Swain, Vanderbilt University 

Paper The Racialized Portrayal of Poverty 

Rosalee A. Clawson, Purdue University 

Mark P. Franciose, Purdue University 

Adam B. Scheidt, Purdue University 

Overview: We examine the racialized portrayal of poverty in news 

magazines between 1999 and 2006. 

Paper Media Framing of the Aftermath of Hurricane Katrina 

Kimberly Gross, George Washington University 

Marcie Kohenak, George Washington University 

Overview: This paper examines media coverage of the aftermath 

of Hurricane Katrina. The paper presents the results of a content 

analysis of print and broadcast media that examines the causal 

explanations offered for why individuals failed to leave New 

Orleans. 

Paper Ethnicity and Episodic Framing in the Wake of Hurricane 

Katrina 

Eran N. Ben-Porath, University of Pennsylvania 

Lee K. Shaker, University of Pennsylvania 

Overview: This experiment-based study finds that attribution of 

blame to the government for Hurricane Katrina increases when 

images of victims appear in news. The presence of images 

increases the gap between blacks’ and whites’ attribution of 

responsibility. 

Paper On the Down Low--Media Narratives and Black Attitudes 

Towards Black Men 

Lester K. Spence, Johns Hopkins University 

Overview: "Down low" behavior has been posited by many media 

accounts as the reason for the increase in HIV/AIDS rates among 

heterosexual black women. What are the effects of this particular 

narrative on the attitudes of black Americans? 

Paper Racialized Media Framing in Federal Elections, 1990-2006 

Stephen M. Caliendo, North Central College 

Charlton D. McIlwain, New York University 

Overview: This paper features a comprehensive analysis of all 

federal election contests from 1990 to 2006 where at least one 

candidate in the general election was either African American or 

Latino/a. 

Disc. Kevin Arceneaux, Temple University 

Elizabeth Wabindato, Northern Arizona University 

28-4 THE IMPACT OF WOMEN IN CONGRESS, STATE 

LEGISLATURES, AND THE JUDICIARY 

Room Parlor B, 6 th Floor, Thur at 8:00 am 

Chair Jilda Aliotta, University of Hartford 

Paper Gender and the U.S. Courts of Appeals: Do Female Judges use 

a “Different Voice”? 

Katherine F. Scheurer, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 

Overview: In this paper, I employ logistic regression to examine 

whether gender influences the final voting decisions of U.S. 

Courts of Appeals judges across a number of different policy 

areas. 

Paper Building a Legislative Reputation on National Security: 

The Impact of Stereotypes Related to Gender and Military 

Experience 

Michele L. Swers, Georgetown University 

Overview: An analysis of President Bush's judicial nominees 

shows that in the face of extreme levels of partisan and 

institutional pressures, the impact of gender considerations is 

minimal even in a context where the symbolic politics of gender 

loom large.

Paper The Rise of the Conservative Woman in the 109th Congress 

Brian P. Frederick, Northern Illinois University 

Overview: This paper looks at the rise of conservative women in 

the U.S. House over the past decade. This paper shows that in the 

two most recent Congresses Republican women are almost as 

Conservative as their male Republican colleagues. 

Paper Effectiveness of Female Legislators:106th-108th Congress 

Michelle L. Wade, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale 

Kami Whitehurst, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale 

Overview: We extend Jeydel and Taylor's (2003) examination of 

the differences of legislative effectiveness between male and 

female legislators by adding recent data from the 106th-108th 

Congress. 

Paper Solidarity? Race and Female State Legislators' Policy 

Preferences 

Natasha L. Bingham, Louisiana State University 

Overview: This paper analyzes the interaction of race and gender 

by examining the bill initiation and sponsorship of female 

legislators in the lower chambers of 15 state legislators. 

Disc. Tracy L. Osborn, Bridgewater State College 

Jilda Aliotta, University of Hartford 

28-8 PERSPECTIVES ON FEMINIST THEORY (Cosponsored 

with Political Philosophy: Approaches and 

Themes, see 33-30) 


Chair Michaele Ferguson, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Paper Sexual Politics Revisited: Darwinian Feminists and Feminist 

Evolutionists 

Rebecca J. Hannagan, Northern Illinois University 

Overview: Unlike previous biological accounts of gendered 

behavior, the observations of Darwinian feminists suggest that the 

evolved female political strategy exerts a formidable check on 

male power. 

Paper What is 'Revolutionary' in the 1848 Declaration of 

Sentiments? 

Penny A. Weiss, Purdue University 

Overview: 300 people met in 1848 "to discuss the social, civil, and 

religious conditions and rights of women." The document they 

passed is misread as a minor corrective to the 1776 Declaration of 

Independence. It has a more revolutionary character. 

Paper The Extraordinary Woman: Engendering Max Weber's 

Theory of Charisma 

Karen L. Mitchell, Ottawa University 

Overview: Political systems determine the role of gender on 

access to power but authority rests on gendered-cultural norms. 

Weber's typology does not compensate for this. Only though 

charisma can women in traditional systems exercise legitimate 

authority. 

Paper Mary Wollstonecraft and the Iconography of First-Wave 

Women's Rights Movements in Germany, Britain, and the 

United States 

Eileen Hunt Botting, University of Notre Dame 

Elizabeth Kozlow, University of Notre Dame 

Christine Carey, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 

Overview: This paper is the first to explore how Mary 

Wollstonecraft, the Enlightenment protofeminist philosopher, was 

used by leading first-wave women's rights activists as a 

transnational icon to unite and ignite their women's rights. 

Paper Gender Equality in F. Schlegel's Idea of the True State 

Murray W. Skees, Morgan State University 

Overview: Sexual equality, according to Friedrich Schlegel, 

nurtures an environment that promotes love and devotion, two 

characteristics that are essential for a true state. 

Disc. Michaele Ferguson, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Shauna Shames, Harvard University 

29-1 IDENTITY, RACE AND POLITICS 


Chair Jan E. Leighley, University of Arizona 

Paper Black Ethnic Participation in NYC: Race, Identity, and 

Engagement 

Christina M. Greer, Columbia University 

Overview: This study unfolds the attitudinal similarities and 

differences between the three black ethnic groups, as well as 

observes the comparability of ethnicities when observing 

traditional and non-tradidtional forms of participation and civic 

engagement. 

Paper American Blackness: Competing Identities Or A Common 

Script ? 

Ronald E. Brown, Wayne State University 

Wassim H. Tarraf, Wayne State University 

James S. Jackson, University of Michigan 

Overview: This paper attempts to contribute to the emerging 

scholarship that focuses on the relative saliency of a “shared racial 

group identity” between American born blacks and black 

immigrants from the Caribbean. 

Disc. Randall D. Swain, Morehead State University 

Jan E. Leighley, University of Arizona 

29-17 MINORITY PUBLIC OPINION AND AMERICAN 

RACIAL POLITICS 

Room Suite 9-128, 9 th Floor, Thur at 8:00 am 

Chair David Leal, University of Texas, Austin 

Paper Race, Class, and Trust in Public Institutions 

Terrell L. Strayhorn, University of Tennessee 

Overview: Recent data suggest that trust in public institutions has 

declined. Using data from the National Study of Civic Education, 

results suggest that race and class exert significant influence on 

the level of one's trust in institutions. 

Paper Putting It Out There: How Black Institutions Affect Black 

Group ID 

Harwood K. McClerking, Ohio State University 

Overview: Extant work suggests that Black indigenous institutions 

(Black media, etc.) work to maintain group identity. This research 

work moves to another important question: How do these 

institutions actually make a difference in Black group 

identification? 

Paper Gender, Ethnicity, and Support for Bilingual Education 

Robert D. Wrinkle, University of Texas, Pan American 

Overview: We examine whether the ability of Latinos to translate 

descriptive representation into substantive representation in 

contingent upon gender. We find that Latinas are more effective at 

substantively representing Latino/as than their male counterparts. 

Paper Latino Preferences and Policy Outcomes 

Sylvia Manzano, Texas A&M University 

Barbara Norrander, University of Arizona 

Overview: Using Senate Exit Polls and agency specific data, this 

paper examines the relationship between Latino public opinion 

and policy outcomes in the fifty states. We consider the impact of 

Latino preferences on a range of public policy areas. 

Disc. David Leal, University of Texas, Austin 

30-8 SOCRATIC EDUCATION 

Room Dearborn 1, 7 th Floor, Thur at 8:00 am 

Chair Elliot Bartky, Indiana University Purdue University, Ft. Wayne 

Paper Fear, Friendship and Failure in Plato’s Protagoras 

Martin J. Plax, Cleveland State University 

Overview: Socrates’ narrative of his rebuttal of Protagoras, out of 

concern with the political impact of Prtagoras’ hubris, aims at 

dissuading his comrade from pursuing Protagoras as a teacher. 

Paper Utilitarian Reason and the Teaching of Protagoras 

Andrew S. Hertzoff, California State University, Sacramento 

Overview: The adoption of a utilitarian calculus by Socrates at the 

end of the Protagors is shown to demonstrate not Socrates' own 

views, but the inevitable position that Protagoras himself will be 

forced to adopt by his interest in presenting himself as acceptable. 

Page | 73

Paper Techne of Woman and The Socratic Education 

Nandiyang Zhang, Chinese University of Hong Kong 

Fengshi Wu, Chinese University of Hong Kong 

Overview: This paper explores the art of midwifery and its 

intricate relationship with the political fate of the Socratic 

education of political philosophy. 

Paper The Friendship of Socrates and Alcibiades: Thumos, Eros and 

Philia in the Alcibiades Major 

Catherine B. Horsefield, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: The Alcibiades Major develops philosophical and 

political themes regarding the character of philia in Plato's 

dialogues, painting a vivid portrait of Socratic friendship and 

meditating on the relationship between spiritedness and friendship. 

Disc. Dana J. Stauffer, University of Texas, Austin 

32-1 KANT 


Chair Jeffrey Church, University of Notre Dame 

Paper Kant and the Cosmopolitan Problematic 

Brian M. Milstein, New School for Social Research 

Overview: Kant's way of framing the problem of world order is 

just as innovative as the prescriptions he makes for addressing it. 

This paper analyzes his conception of the cosmopolitan and 

evaluates its usefulness in critically addressing contemporary 

issues. 

Paper Damocles’ Sword: Kant and the Democratic Peace 

Heather M. Roff, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Overview: Roff argues that the current debate surrounding the 

democratic peace proposition is mistaken on both sides. She 

offers a new interpretation of Kant's argument by careful exegesis 

concerning Perpetual Peace and other important works. 

Paper Kantian Politics in the "Critique of Pure Reason" 

Ronda L. Roberts, Michigan State University 

Overview: I explore the political as it occurs in Kant’s first 

critique. I argue with O’Neill and Arendt that the overtones found 

in the later sections of The Critique of Pure Reason set us up for 

Kant’s morality theory in The Critique of Practical Reason. 

Paper Revisiting Perpetual Peace: Paradigms, Definitions, and 

Teleos 

Cristy L. Stoddard, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: Current research in democratic peace strays from 

Kant's original Perpetual Peace. Kant's work is confused in three 

areas: paradigmatic geometry, definitions, and teleology. A return 

to Kant's thesis clarifies the potentiality of the democratic peace. 

Disc. TBA 

32-24 REPUBLICS, EMPIRES, AND THEIR LEADERS 

Room LaSalle 1, 7 th Floor, Thur at 8:00 am 

Chair William B. Parsons, James Madison University 

Paper The Machiavellian Reordering of a Livian Founding 

James T. Fetter, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: I compare Machiavelli’s and Livy’s accounts of the 

founding of Rome, paying particular attention to Machiavelli's 

frequent alterations to Livy's discussion of Romulus and Numa. 

Paper Liberty and Empire in Machiavelli and Guicciardini 

Paul E. Kirkland, College of the Holy Cross 

Overview: This paper compares the realist republicanism of 

Machiavelli and Guicciardini, locating the question of the relation 

of libery and empire as the chief cause of thier divergent 

judgments. 

Paper Rousseau's Rome and the Modeling of Republicanism 

Jeffrey A. Smith, St. John's College 

Overview: The essay examines Rousseau's varied analyses and 

uses of Rome in his theoretical and practical political works, and 

concludes by offering a new account of what Rousseau means in 

calling republican Rome "the model of all free peoples." 

Disc. William B. Parsons, James Madison University 

Page | 74 

33-16 CITIZENS, COSMOPOLITANS, AND FOREIGNERS 


Chair Steven J. Wulf, Lawrence University 

Paper How to Realize Human Rights Across Borders: Shaming the 

West and Enlightened Imperialism for the Rest 

Benjamin Gregg, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: Given the fundamental indeterminacy of the idea of 

human rights, I argue that if they are ever to obtain, they should 

(1) not be constructed as universally valid (as culture-independent) 

but (2) as entirely results-oriented, (3) locally not universally 

valid. 

Paper Foreigners, Citizens and Political Obligations 

Thomas M. Hughes, University of California, Santa Barbara 

Overview: This paper explores the concept of the foreigner as an 

individual who exists without obligations to domestic political 

institutions, and as such argues that the concept of obligation is 

not as necessary to the rule of law as previously considered. 

Paper Rooted and Limited Cosmopolitanism 

Aaron M. Keck, Rutgers University 

Overview: My paper critiques the notion of “rooted 

cosmopolitanism” that has become popular in post-1989 thought, 

and offers a practical direction for future cosmopolitan theory. 

Paper Constituting Global Governance: A Transnational Popular 

Sovereignty 

Adam I. Lupel, International Peace Academy 

Overview: The paper argues that transnational constitutive 

processes must become central to the project of cosmopolitan 

theorizing, and it offers a notion of transnational popular 

sovereignty as a conceptual tool for theorizing the constitution of 

democratic global governance. 

Paper Cosmopolitanism and Historical Injustice 

Timothy Waligore, Columbia University 

Overview: Liberal cosmopolitan theories seem to be at odds with 

justifications for group claims stemming from historic injustice. I 

argue that imparitialist theories like Brian Barry's are flawed, and 

contingent cosmopolitan theories like Thomas Pogge's do not rule. 

Disc. Steven J. Wulf, Lawrence University 

33-27 AUTONOMY AND LIBERTY: ALTERNATIVE 

CONCEPTIONS OF POLITICAL AGENCY 

Room Montrose 7, 7 th Floor, Thur at 8:00 am 

Chair Michael P. McKeon, Syracuse University 

Paper The Value of Choice - Rethinking School Choice 

Sigal R. Ben-Porath, University of Pennsylvania 

Overview: My aim in this paper is to conceptualize choice as a 

mechanism for realizing certain values, and to consider the merits 

of school choice and other educational choice policies in the 

context of this conceptual framework. 

Paper Aristotelian-Liberal Autonomy 

Geoffrey A. Plauche, Louisiana State University 

Overview: Develops a classical liberal/libertarian theory of 

autonomy, based on a broadly Aristotelian foundation, that avoids 

Enlightenment pitfalls identified by communitarians, 

conservatives, and postmoderns. 

Paper Politics and the Middle Path: A Buddhist Theory of 

Democracy 

Matthew J. Walton, University of Washington 

Overview: In this paper I describe the beginnings of a theory of 

Buddhist democracy by finding concepts within Buddhist theory 

and practice that support or are compatible with elements of 

democratic theory. 

Paper Three Conceptions of Positive Liberty 

Efrat Waksman, New School for Social Research 

Overview: In this paper I argue that while Berlin is right to steer 

clear of the positive conception of freedom as self-mastery, other 

conceptions of positive liberty are not only defensible but actually 

belong to the very core of liberal democracy. 

Disc. Michael P. McKeon, Syracuse University

35-1 NETWORK ANALYSIS 


Chair James Honaker, University of California, Los Angeles 

Paper Agreement Beyond Polarization: Spectral Analysis of 

Congress 

Matthew C. Harding, Massachusetts Institute of 

Technology/Harvard University 

Overview: I challenge the perceived unidimensionality of 

congressional voting behavior and develop an econometric 

procedure for estimating bi-partisan agreements based on the 

study of the random networks. 

Paper Co-Sponsorship Networks of Minority-Supported Legislation 

in the House 

David Epstein, Columbia University 

Sharyn O'Halloran, Columbia University 

James Fowler, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: We measure substantive representation of minority 

interests via cosponsorship networks. 

Paper Challenges in Policy Network Measurement: A Comparison of 

Three Approaches 

Adam D. Henry, University of California, Davis 

Mike McCoy, University of California, Davis 

Overview: Three methods of policy network measurement are 

compared and evaluated, yielding insight into how to best measure 

and describe networks in policy subsystems. 

Disc. Bradford S. Jones, University of California, Davis 

37-8 INTEREST GROUP VOICES IN THE POLICY 

MAKING PROCESS 


Chair Suzanne M. Robbins, George Mason University 

Paper Mobil Oil’s Advertorial Campaigns: Outlets, Audiences and 

Messages 

Clyde Brown, Miami University, Oxford 

Overview: Mobil Oil’s advertorials in TIME magazine, the 

American Journalism Review and the Columbia Journalism 

Review, and the “op-ed” and regular pages of the New York 

Times from 1985 to 2000 are analyzed in terms of audiences 

targeted and message content. 

Paper Organized Interests and Amicus Briefs: Who Files? Who 

Fights Whom? Who Wins? 

Kay L. Schlozman, Boston College 

Traci Burch, Harvard University 

Philip Jones, Harvard University 

Sidney Verba, Harvard University 

Henry E. Brady, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: Using data from all Supreme Court amicus briefs filed 

in 2000-2, we analyze the kinds of interests (e.g., business, labor, 

governments) that sign briefs, discern patterns of alliance and 

opposition, and assess the probabilities of victory and defeat. 

Paper Interest Group Informational Lobbying: Policy vs. Political 

Information 

Bryan S. McQuide, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Overview: This paper seeks to evaluate the information theory of 

interest group influence by examining new technology and 

existing groups’ uses of political and policy information in 

Congressional hearings over the 1985-2004 period. 

Paper The Influence of Interest Groups on Policy-Making in 

Congress 

Nina Therese Kasniunas, Loyola University, Chicago 

Overview: A preferred activity of organized interests is testifying 

at congressional hearings. This paper will examine the question of 

whether that testimony influences the “markup” of legislation at 

the House (sub)committee level. 

Paper Does Money Buy Power? Interest Group Resources and 

Policy Outcomes 

Beth L. Leech, Rutgers University 

Frank R. Baumgartner, Pennsylvania State University 

Jeffrey M. Berry, Tufts University 

Marie Hojnacki, Pennsylvania State University 

David C. Kimball, University of Missouri, St. Louis 

Overview: A study of 98 U.S. policy issues suggests that having 

many resources does not guarantee political outcomes. In most 

cases both sides were well funded. Politics created strange 

bedfellows, with resource-poor groups joining better-funded 

groups. 

Disc. Scott R. Furlong, University of Wisconsin, Green Bay 

38-1 PRESIDENTIAL DECISION MAKING 


Chair Bruce F. Nesmith, Coe College 

Paper PD 59: What MAD Pursuit 

Betty Glad, University of South Carolina 

Overview: This paper examines Carter's adoption of Presidential 

Directive 59, a document that laid the foundation for Reagan's 

expansion of U.S. military capabilities and shows how a motivated 

tactician could squeeze out the Secretary of State in the final 

decision. 

Paper The Men Who Held The Offices: A Systematic Examination of 

the Factors In Presidential Decision Making 

Geralyn M. Miller, Indiana University Purdue University, Fort 

Wayne 

Anna Marie Schuh, Roosevelt University 

Overview: Analysis of the factors that contribute to presidential 

decision making. 

Paper The Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Presidential Success 

Eric J. Stokan, Wayne State University 

Overview: This paper partly unravels the complexities of 

measuring presidential success by using emotional intelligence to 

reconcile differences between Neustadt’s persuasion thesis and 

Skowronek’s political time model. 

Paper Analyzing if the U.S. Should Have Attacked Iraq: Decision 

Theory Primer 

Ernest Y. Wong, United States Military Academy 

Overview: Controversy still surrounds the decision to invade Iraq. 

However, it has been hard for war critics to sway those who argue 

an attack was the best choice at the time. We apply decision 

theory to this debate in order to gain more objectivity. 

Disc. Peter Schultz, Assumption College 

39-14 POLICY PREFERENCES AND POLICY MAKING 


Chair E. Scott Adler, University of Colorado 

Paper Constituency Opinion and Senator Roll Call Voting: The Case 

of Immigration Policy, 2006 

Jeffrey E. Cohen, Fordham University 

Richard Fleisher, Fordham University 

Overview: We analyze the impact of constituency opinion on 

Senate immigration roll call votes during 2006, asking whether 

senators are more responsive to constituents specific attitudes 

towards immmigration or their more general orientations (e. g., 

ideology). 

Paper Transformations in Congress and U.S. Higher Education 

Policy, 1973-2006 

Suzanne Mettler, Syracuse University 

Overview: This paper examines shifts in Congressional leadership, 

party dominance, and interest group representation in order to 

explain why policymakers are no longer acting—as they did in the 

mid-20th century-- to expand access to higher education. 

Paper V.O. Key’s Veterans Revisited: Assessing the Electoral 

Connection in the Interwar Era 

David Karol, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: In assessing the electoral consequences of MCs’ votes 

on WWI Veterans’ bonus I test three hypotheses that Key (1943) 

ignored: A. MCs’ votes on the bonus affected their vote shares. B. 

MCs with safer seats were more apt to oppose the bonus. 

Page | 75

Paper Vying for Benefits: The Distribution of Federal Discretionary 

Programs, 1983-2004 

William Howell, University of Chicago 

Chris Berry, University of Chicago 

Barry Burden, University of Wisconsin 

Overview: In this paper, we present a simple model of distributive 

politics, which yields clear predictions about the allotment of 

scarce discretionary funds across districts over time. 

Disc. E. Scott Adler, University of Colorado 

Boris Shor, University of Chicago 

39-25 COALITION BUILDING AND PARTY COHESION 

IN LEGISLATURES 


Chair Anibal S.Perez-Linan, University of Pittsburgh 

Paper Oversized Coalitions as Self-Imposed Constraints on Political 

Parties 

Minodora A. Buliga-Stoian, Binghamton University 

Overview: Parties form oversized coalitions to put an end to 

coalition cycling, guaranteeing not only the stability of the 

coalition, but also optimal distribution of portfolios by making 

sure that no one member of the coalition can unilaterally defect. 

Paper The Electoral Origins of Legislative Organization 

Royce A. Carroll, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: Examines the relationship between the distribution of 

posts in legislatures and the degree of pre-electoral bargaining. 

Paper Party Cohesion in the Danish Municipalities 

Asbjorn Skjaeveland, University of Aarhus 

Overview: Based on an empirical investigation of the Danish 

municipalities this paper shows that the number of parties does not 

have a positive effect on party cohesion. 

Paper Consensus and Conflict in Parliaments 

Xavier Coller, Georgetown University 

Overview: Analysis of patterns of conflict and cooperation among 

parties in parliaments using consensus as the dependent variable 

and a number of factors as independent variables (number of 

groups, national political conflict, elite discontinuity, party, etc). 

Paper Membership Turnover and the European Parliament 

Gaye Gungor, Florida International University 

Overview: This paper examines the impact of membership 

turnover on the European Parliament. In particular, it analyzes 

changes in the legislative efficiency and the power of the 

legislature. It covers a period of thirty five years, from 1979 

through 2006. 

Disc. Carlos Pereira, Michigan State University 

Anibal S.Perez-Linan, University of Pittsburgh 

40-101 ROUNDTABLE: ASSESSING THE 2006 MIDTERMS 

AND PREVIEWING THE 2008 PRESIDENTIAL 

ELECTIONS 

Room Adams, 6 th Floor, Thur at 8:00 am 

Panelist Thomas F. Schaller, University of Maryland, Baltimore County 

Alan Abramowitz, Emory University 

Philip Klinkner, Hamilton College 

David Lublin, American University 

Richard Skinner, Williams College 

Overview: Political scientists who follow national election 

patterns will discuss the congressional, gubernatorial and state 

legislative results from 2006 and preview the battle for the White 

House and control of Congress in 2008. 

41-17 JUDICIAL CHOICES, DECISIONS, AND 

STRATEGIES 

Room Burnham 1, 7 th Floor, Thur at 8:00 am 

Chair Mark S. Hurwitz, Western Michigan University 

Paper Institutionally-Induced Strategic Judicial Behavior: A 

Comparative Analysis 

Ehud N. Sommer, SUNY, Stony Brook 

Eser M. Sekercioglu, Stony Brook University 

Overview: A New Institutional approach with a game-theoretic 

model is employed to undertake cross-sectional analyses of the 

Page | 76 

effects of institutional antecedents on strategic judicial behavior in 

different systems. 

Paper Attitudes vs. Fact-Patterns: When Do Attitudes Predict 

Supreme Court Cases? 

Andreas Broscheid, James Madison University 

Overview: This paper explores under which conditions the 

attitudinal model is better than a simple fact-pattern model at 

predicting the votes of Supreme Court justices. It investigates 

search-and-seizure cases. 

Paper The Executive Chief Justice: Judicial Conference Selection 

Strategy 

Dawn M. Chutkow, Cornell University 

Overview: The Chief Justice’s selection of Judicial Conference 

members depends on political ideology and congressional and 

executive access; suggesting that Judicial Conference activities 

may involve the advancement of independent political interests. 

Paper Acclimation Effects and Voting Instability of Freshman 

Justices 

Daniel C. Bowen, University of Iowa 

Robert J. McGrath, University of Iowa 

Jeff Stout, University of Iowa 

Overview: Previous research has not been able to determine if new 

Supreme Court justices go through a period of acclimation. Using 

the Martin-Quinn measures of ideal point estimation, we retest for 

acclimation effects measured as voting instability. 

Disc. Scott E. Graves, Georgia State University 

Mark S. Hurwitz, Western Michigan University 

42-7 LAW, LANGUAGE, AND POLITICS (Co-sponsored 

with Political Philosophy: Approaches and Themes, see 

33-31) 


Chair Jeremy Elkins, Bryn Mawr College 

Paper Judicial Restraint as a Romance Novel: A Populist 

Constitutional Reading 

Susan R. Burgess, Ohio University 

Overview: Explores popular culture and parody as a basis of a 

populist constitutional politics, suggesting that conservative 

judicial restraint can be understood as a romance novel, complete 

with all the possibilities and limitations that romance entails. 

Paper Legal Speech Acts 

Marianne Constable, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: This paper uses J.L. Austin's work on speech acts to 

explore such legal-linguistic utterances as declarations, warnings, 

and apologies. 

Paper Metaphor and the Declaration of War 

Jeremy Elkins, Bryn Mawr College 

Overview: Explores the uses of the metaphor war. 

Paper Going Continental?: on the "Post 9/11 Constitution" and the 

New Hermeneutics of the U.S. Federal Courts 

Penelope J. Pether, Villanova Law School 

Overview: This paper explores the paradox of a civilist federal 

judiciary increasingly reluctant to exercise common law 

constitutional review of governmental action while lacking the 

professional habitus that would keep it independent of 

government. 

Disc. TBA 

44-1 TRUST, CULTURE, AND SOCIAL CAPITAL IN 

STATE POLITICS 

Room Parlor E, 6 th Floor, Thur at 8:00 am 

Chair John L. Anderson, University of Nebraska, Kearney 

Paper Trust in Communities where Democracy Works 

John L. Anderson, University of Nebraska, Kearney 

Timothy J. Burkink 

Overview: This research analyzes the effects of social capital 

(trusting networks) in towns (pop. about 1,000) using a multimethod 

technique to help specify the actual relationship between 

civic life and economic success.

Paper One Level Over Another: An Analysis of Political Trust and 

Contextual Data 

Erin K. Murphy, Kent State University 

Amber D. Hamilton, Kent State University 

Overview: Why does a person prefer the state government over 

the national government or vice versa? This has been attributed to 

party identification, but we show that party control within the state 

and nation impact this preference, as do demographics. 

Paper The Changing Political Subcultures of the United States and 

the Utility of a New Cultural Measure 

Joel Lieske, Cleveland State University 

Overview: This paper develops a new measure of American 

political subculture that does a better job in predicting social and 

political behavior at the state and county level than any other 

indicator, including a unidimensional measure of Elazar’s 

typology. 

Paper Political Culture in the Southeastern Water Wars: Elazar 

Revisited. 

James A. Newman, Idaho State University 

Overview: This paper considers the role political culture plays in 

the development river basin compacts in the Southeast. This paper 

considers Elazar’s work as a way of explaining the Southern water 

disputes. 

Disc. Martin Gruberg, University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh 

45-12 GROWTH AND CHANGE IN CITIES AND 

REGIONS 


Chair Mark Elliot, University of Southern California 

Paper Custodians of Place: Trusteeship Governance and the City 

Corporate 

Paul G. Lewis, Arizona State University 

Max Neiman, Public Policy Institute of California 

Overview: Despite being the level of government “closest to the 

people,” municipal growth policymaking is often seen as 

relatively insulated. We discuss how the physical closeness of city 

governance might be reconciled with its policymaking insulation. 

Paper On the Existence of a Centrum 

Allen B. Brierly, University of Northern Iowa 

Overview: In this analysis, a town centrum is shown to exist for an 

abstract formulation of urban settlement. Given a community 

equilibrium exists, these findings unify four models of town 

planning into a general theory of location decisions. 

Paper Metropolitan Fragmentation as an Evolutionary Process 

Richardson Dilworth, Drexel University 

Overview: Paper presents an historical institutionalist model of 

metropolitan fragmentation in order to provide a new explanation 

of constraints to the local policy process. 

Paper City Growth: Is It Creative Class or Political-Cultural 

Institutions 

Michele M. Hoyman, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Christopher Faricy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Overview: We posit that cultural institutions and networks, of a 

religious and educational nature may be more important to growth 

in m.s.as than the influx of creative individuals, as Richard Florida 

suggests. We test these empirically. 

Disc. Barbara McCabe, Arizona State University 

46-1 THE POLITICS OF ADOPTING SCHOOL 

REFORMS 


Chair Suzanne M. Leland, University of North Carolina, Charlotte 

Paper Legislative Activity on Charter Schools: The Beginning of 

Policy Change? 

Ramona S. McNeal, University of Illinois, Springfield 

Lisa J. Dotterweich, Kent State University 

Overview: Drawing on agenda setting theory, this study explores 

legislative interest in charter schools. Cross-sectional time series 

analysis and 50-state data will be used to examine why some 

states are embracing this policy alternative. 

Paper Policy Entrepreneurship and Performance-Based Teacher 

Compensation 

Matthew G. Springer, Vanderbilt University's Peabody College 

Warren E. Langevin, Vanderbilt University 

Overview: This paper explores the role of policy entrepreneurs in 

adoption of performance-based teacher compensation programs. 

The authors employ multiple statistical tests to investigate political 

and economic determinants of state and local policy reform. 

Paper Interest Groups and Policy Diffusion in Education Reform 

Carl D. Snook, Michigan State University 

Overview: This paper considers whether and how interest groups 

affect the movement of education reform policy alternatives from 

the formal agenda of one state to another. 

Paper Policy Punctuations and Performances 

Peter B. Mortensen, University of Aarhus 

Simon C. Andersen, University of Aarhus 

Overview: This paper tests whether punctuated policies lead to a 

better outcome than policies reflecting a continuous adjustment of 

former decisions. The hypothesis is tested in a statistical analysis 

utilizing a large panel data set on Danish public schools. 

Paper Variations in Charter School Preferences for Public Goals: A 

Typology 

Chad J. d'Entremont, Columbia University 

Overview: This paper presents a charter school typology for the 

purpose of further research into how state and local relationships 

with different charter school types influence innovation and the 

emergence of new models of public schooling. 

Disc. Alisa Hicklin, University of Oklahoma 

Susan L. Moffitt, Harvard University 

50-9 COOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT IN LOCAL 

GOVERNMENT 


Chair Richard Wandling, Eastern Illinois University 

Paper The Strength of Weak Ties in Predicting Interlocal Service 

Cooperation 

Kelly LeRoux, University of Kansas 

Overview: Studies of service cooperation have been disconnected 

from theory in failing to assess interpersonal ties. This paper tests 

a series of “weak tie” influences in predicting interlocal 

contracting while controlling for economic and contextual factors. 

Paper Exploring Responsiveness Strategies to Neighborhood 

Councils in Los Angeles 

Thomas A. Bryer, University of Southern California 

Overview: This paper considers responsiveness strategies 

employed by Los Angeles bureaucrats in a collaborative setting 

with neighborhood council representatives. 

Paper Adapted Cities and Local Public Finance: Lessons from 

Michigan 

Jered B. Carr, Wayne State University 

Shanthi Mohankumar, Wayne State University 

Overview: We use data on charter provisions from 263 cities in 

Michigan to assess the utility of the “Adapted City” categories of 

local government structure proposed by Frederickson, Johnson, 

and Wood (2004) for understanding differences in revenue and 

expenditure 

Paper Political Institutions and Inter-governmental Cooperation 

Christopher V. Hawkins, Florida State University 

Overview: An empirical test of that factors that lead to local 

government cooperation with a focus on how local government 

political institutions influence the formation of joint ventures for 

economic development. 

Disc. Richard A. Wandling, Eastern Illinois University 

51-2 PARTIES AND THE PRESIDENCY 


Chair William M. Leiter, California State University, Long Beach 

Paper Third Parties, the Modern Presidency and Political Change 

Evan Spencer Jones, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: Like other scholars of third parties, I assume an 

electoral incentive exists for major party office holders to co-opt 

the issue positions of third parties, and expect that the office 

Page | 77

holders most threatened by third parties have the most incentive to 

co-opt. 

Paper JFK and the Cold War: The Role of Narratives in Political 

Decision-Making 

Gregg D. Lindskog, University of Virginia 

Overview: This paper argues that presidents construct narratives 

that share numerous traits with analogical and heuristic devices. I 

show how narratives structure diverse political choices and policy 

outcomes in the context of the JFK presidency. 

Paper Rethinking the Revolt Against Speaker Cannon: The 

Constitutional Determinants of this Legislative Reorganization 

Gisela Sin, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Overview: Interchamber dynamics explain the timing and 

character of the legislative reorganization that followed the 

Cannon revolt. In contrast to existing theories, I argue that the 

central figure in the revolt is not Joseph Cannon, but William 

Howard Taft. 

Disc. Matthew J. Dickinson, Middlebury College 

William M. Leiter, California State University, Long Beach 

53-8 RELIGION AND AMERICAN POLITICAL 

BEHAVIOR 

Room Parlor C, 6 th Floor, Thur at 8:00 am 

Chair Erika Seeler, Duke University 

Paper The Trust Between Us: Effects of Trust on Political 

Participation 

Caroline M. Nordlund, Dickinson College 

Overview: This paper examines the effects how political trust is 

built within local churches and the effects that it has on individual 

congregant political behavior. 

Paper Macro-Religiosity and Cultural Policy Mood 

Ken Mulligan, Southern Illinois University 

Tobin Grant, Southern Illinois University 

Overview: We introduce concepts and measures of macroreligiosity 

and cultural policy mood. We show that increasing 

secularization in the U.S. has coincided with growing liberalism in 

cultural policy mood. 

Paper Reversing the Causality: Considering the Impact of Politics on 

Religion 

Ariane Zambiras, University of California, Berkeley/LaSSP/IEP 

Toulouse 

Overview: Our paper employs anthropological approaches to shed 

light on the issue of religion and politics in the United States, 

analyzing characterizations of atheists, opinions about the death 

penalty, and church shopping behavior. 

Paper Faith Matters: Religion and American Civic Life 

David E. Campbell, University of Notre Dame 

Robert D. Putnam, Harvard University 

Overview: This paper will report findings from a major new 

survey of Americans designed to uncover the links between 

different dimensions of religiosity and various measures of civic 

engagement, including indicators of social capital. 

Disc. Stephen T. Mockabee, University of Cincinnati 

Page | 78

Thursday, April 12 – 9:50 am – 11:25 am 

1-1 INNOVATIONS IN THE STUDY OF VOTER 

TURNOUT (Co-sponsored with Political Participation 

and Turnout and Methodology, see 26-1 and 35-15) 


Chair David Darmofal, University of South Carolina 

Paper The Bayesian Voter's Turnout Decision in International 

Perspective 

Christopher H. Achen, Princeton University 

Overview: This paper derives a simple Bayesian model for turnout 

data. In various national and international datasets, the implied 

new statistical estimator, "double probit," outperforms 

conventional methods and has a simpler theoretical interpretation. 

Paper The Costs of Voting Over Time: Disruption and 

Transportation Effects 


John McNulty, Binghamton University 

Overview: In elections from 2002-2006, Los Angeles County's 

alternation between 5000 and 2000 polling places amounted to 

experiments where polling place location was manipulated--thus 

affording a chance to observe the impact on turnout of these 

changes. 

Paper The Genetic Basis of Voter Turnout 

James H. Fowler, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: Matching public voter turnout records to an adult twin 

registry , we show that the decision to vote is primarily determined 

by genetic factors, suggesting that biological evolution has played 

an important role in the development of political cooperation. 

Paper Research Frontiers in Field Experimentation 

Alan S. Gerber, Yale University 

Donald P. Green, Yale University 

Overview: We use recent field experiments to demonstrate that the 

method has important advantages over the traditional alternatives, 

illustrate how its application has expanded beyond political 

mobilization, and show how field experiments can be used. 

Disc. Jake Bowers, Harvard University 

Elisabeth R. Gerber, University of Michigan 

1-112 ROUNDTABLE: MENTORING ROUNDTABLE ON 

PUBLISHING WITH COLLEAGUES AND 

PUBLISHERS (Co-sponsored with Midwest Women's 

Caucus, see 57-103) 

Room Red Lacquer, 4 th Floor, Thur at 9:50 am 

Chair Brigid C. Harrison, Montclair State University 

Panelist Susan Gluck Mezey, Loyola University, Chicago 

Chuck Myers, Princeton University Press 

Monica Eckman, McGraw-Hill Publishers 

Joan Catapano, University of Illinois Press 

Overview: This roundtable mentoring session will provide 

practical advice from both colleagues and publishers on publishing 

journal articles, academic trade books, and scholarly works in 

political science. 

2-301 POSTER SESSION: POLITICS AND POLICY IN 

INDUSTRIALIZED DEMOCRACIES 

Room Exhibit Hall, 4 th Floor, Thur at 9:50 am 

Presenter The Politics of Technology Transfer in the Oil Industry: 

British and Norwegian Policies in Transition, 1969-1986 

(Board 1) 

Rafael J. Balderrama, University of Texas, Pan American 

Overview: How effective is technology transfer in integrating 

large oil enclaves into a domestic economy? The study shows 

strong disparities depending on how the host states defined the 

risks and complexity of the process and its overall expected 

benefits. 

Presenter Minority Governments and Legislative Rules in 

Parliamentary Democracies 

(Board 2) 

Sang-Jung Han, University of Michigan 

Overview: This paper examines variation on the frequency of 

minority governments across parliamentary democracies by 

focusing on the role of legislative rules and procedures as a key 

consideration in government formation. 

Presenter Towards A New Politics of Food: Shifting Food Regimes 

(Board 3) 

Jennifer G. Rutledge, University of Minnesota 

Overview: This paper explores a new politics of food by 

concentrating on the rapid growth of organic agriculture in the 

OECD countries. I argue that the demand for organic products 

represents an important shift in food regimes towards ‘new 

agrarianism’. 

Presenter Predicting Female Political Representation in OECD 

Countries 

(Board 4) 

Matthew E. Weiss, University of Iowa 

Overview: This paper utilizes regression analysis to examine the 

effects of political, cultural, and socio-economic variables in 

explaining the variance of the percentage of women elected 

national legislatures in highly developed OECD democracies. 

3-1 CLIENTELISM 


Chair Frances Hagopian, University of Notre Dame 

Paper Public Employment as Redistribution in China: Fiscal Games, 

Mass Clientelism, or Risk Management? 

Yuen Yuen Ang, Stanford University 

Overview: This paper assesses the competing effects of federal, 

clientelist, and external pressures in driving public employment 

distribution in China. Findings from this paper lend an empirical 

basis for exploring how private rents in the form of public jobs 

become institutionalized within a single-party system of rule. 

Paper Decentralization and Poverty Reduction:The Case of 

Authoritarian Enclaves 

Elda L. Becerra Mizuno, Duke University 

Overview: This paper will study the preservation of local 

authoritarian enclaves in the case of Mexico as a result of this 

country’s federalist arrangement, and the effect of these 

inequalities on the welfare of the poor. 

Paper Vote-Buying and Education in India: When Textbooks Buy 

Political Support 

Mary Breeding, American University 

Overview: Do elected representatives utilize education as a 

mechanism of buying citizens' votes? I observe one case in which 

politicians' utilize direct rents to households and benefits to school 

neighborhoods in public education to buy political support. 

Paper Do Poverty Relief Programs Strengthen or Undermine 

Democracy? 

Ana L. De La O, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 

Overview: This paper empirically examines the effects of 

Progresa, a Mexican poverty relief program, on political behavior 

of voters and parties. Analysis of a randomized experiment 

suggests that the program strengthened Mexican democracy. 

Paper Clientelism and MNC-State Bargains in Developing Countries 

Mona M. Lyne, University of South Carolina 

Overview: The paper presents a model of clientelist politics to 

explain political leaders' assent to what are apparently detrimental 

bargains with MNCs. 

Disc. Frances Hagopian, University of Notre Dame 

Luis Fernando Medina, University of Virginia 

3-201 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: FREE TRADE ZONES 

Room State, 4 th Floor, Table 1, Thur at 9:50 am 

Presenter Highway to the Danger Zone: The Effect of Free Trade Zones 

on Political Participation 

Chris Markl, University of Colorado 

Overview: Through trade agreements like NAFTA and the 

GATT/WTO, nations have opened ‘free trade zones’ to attract 

foreign direct investment. Missing from the analysis of free trade 

zones is the study of these areas on political participation. 

Page | 79

Presenter Subnational Political Economy of Infrastructure and 

Regulation: SEZs in India 

Eric M. Jepsen, University of South Dakota 

Overview: The proposed research attempts to move beyond the 

existing literature on the politics of economic development by 

focusing on the political economy of special economic zones 

(SEZs) at the sub-national level in India. 

3-202 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: SOCIAL 

MOVEMENTS AND PROTEST 


Presenter Finding Black Power in Postcolonial Africa 

Robin J. Hayes, Northwestern University 

Overview: This paper draws from archival and interview data to 

examine how direct encounters between activists in newly 

decolonized African nations facilitated transnational exchanges 

between African liberation movements and black power 

organizations. 

Presenter The Impact of Participatory Processes on Popular Protest: 

Evidence from Brazil 

Maureen M. Donaghy, University of Colorado 

Overview: Examining evidence from Brazil, this paper seeks to 

explain whether participatory governance processes reduce or 

increase popular protest, addressing questions as to the viability of 

these mechanisms for formalizing protest in the political system. 

4-1 DEMOCRACY IN LATIN AMERICA (Co-sponsored 

with Latin American and Caribbean Politics, see 8-18) 


Chair Peggy Scranton, University of Arkansas, Little Rock 

Paper Democracy and Crime Victimization in Latin America 

Orlando J. Perez, Central Michigan University 

Overview: Using data from a series of national probability surveys 

conducted in 2006 in 17 countries of Latin America by the Latin 

American Public Opinion Project (LAPOP) at Vanderbilt 

University, this paper seeks to study the relation of crime 

victimization. 

Paper Neoliberal Reforms and Democracy: Recent Developments in 

Argentina 

Lia K. Roberts, Mount St. Mary's College 

Diane E. Johnson, Lebanon Valley College 

Overview: The effects of neoliberal reform and the Washington 

Consensus on democracy are still hotly debated. This paper 

examines this evolving relationship in light of popular responses 

to economic crisis in Argentina from 2001 to the present. 

Paper The Democratization Game: Taming the Right and 

Consolidation in Chile 

Virginia W. Snodgrass, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: For the first 8 years of democracy, the Right in Chile 

opposed all significant reforms to the military government's 

constitution. This paper explores why the Right changed its 

position and eventually supported a sweeping constitutional 

reform. 

Paper Peru 2006: Populism as Catalyst for a Re-Emerging Party 

System? 

Gregory D. Schmidt, Northern Illinois University 

Overview: In contrast to most analyses of the 2006 Peruvian 

general election, this paper argues that fear of the populist 

outsider, Ollanta Humala, opened a new window of opportunity 

for the re-emergence of the traditional party system. 

Disc. Lynda K. Barrow, Coe College 

5-2 INSTITUTIONAL AND POLITICAL CHANGE 


Chair Clemente Quinones, University of Alabama, Huntsville 

Paper Solving the Gordian Knot: The Federalism Commission and 

the Reform of the Federal System in Germany 

Gunther M. Hega, Western Michigan University 

Overview: Comparing historical-institutional, rational, and 

sociological explanations for institutional change, the paper 

assesses the work of the “Federalism Commission” in Germany 

Page | 80 

from 2003 to 2004 and the final adoption of its reform proposals 

in May 2006. 

Paper Historical Institutionalism and Institutional Change 

Zeki Sarigil, University of Pittsburgh 

Overview: The most significant criticism against Historical 

Institutionalism (HI) is that HI is unable to explain ‘change’. By 

analyzing Turkish legislative changes in the cultural rights issue, 

this study provides some suggestions on how to improve it. 

Paper Voter Turnout in Recently Democratized Countries 

James M. Siira, Louisiana State University 

Caroline L. Payne, Louisiana State University 

Overview: We examine the effects of electoral systems on voter 

turnout in newly democratized countries using pooled crosssectional 

time-series data. 

Disc. Cheng-Lung Wang, National University of Singapore 

Clemente Quinones, University of Alabama, Huntsville 

6-201 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: POLITICAL 

TOLERANCE 


Presenter Political Institutions and Political Tolerance 

Marc L. Hutchison, University of Kentucky 

Overview: Using multi-level statistical techniques to control for 

alternate explanations, I show how certain domestic political 

institutions affect political tolerance levels across 33 countries. 

Presenter Education, Cognitive Flexibility and Tolerance: Evidence 

from Russia 

Robert A. Hinckley, University of California, Santa Barbara 

Overview: This study tests the novel hypothesis that tertiary-level 

Soviet education fostered tolerance by routinely exposing students 

to novel problem solving exercises and, as a consequence, 

activating individual dispositions to cognitive flexibility. 

6-202 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: SUPPORT FOR 

INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION (Co-sponsored 

with Public Opinion, see 25-202) 


Presenter Deal or no Deal: Crises and Cooperation in Mexico 

Jennifer Ramos, University of California, Davis 

Travis Coan, Claremont Graduate University 

Jennifer Merolla, Claremont Graduate University 

Elizabeth Zechmeister, University of California, Davis 

Overview: Using experimental data, we investigate how 

conditions of crisis, including terrorist attacks and economic 

recessions, affect citizens’ stances on international cooperation 

and whether these effects vary by type of crisis. 

7-2 BEYOND THE NATION STATE: SUB AND 

SUPRANATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN EUROPE 


Chair Rob Mickey, University of Michigan 

Paper Empowered to Define the Nation: the Implications of 

Increasing Sub-national Power for Immigrant Integration 

Policy 

Fiona C. Barker, Harvard University 

Overview: Does the decentralization of power over migrant 

integration policy to the sub-national level further the struggle of 

“nations against states” in Flanders, Quebec, Scotland and 

Catalonia? 

Paper Wales’ National Assembly and Local Government, 

Partnership to Conflictual Governance 

Felicia Owusu Fofie, Cardiff University 

Overview: It sets out to investigate the impact of devolution on the 

operation of Welsh local politics and local government in Wales. 

It investigates in detail the relationship between the National 

Assembly and the 22 unitary local authorities in Wales. 

Paper Domestic Opportunities and Supranational Activities 

Lori M. Poloni-Staudinger, Northern Arizona University 

Overview: This paper asks when and why environmental groups 

bypass national level activity to target activity at the supranational 

level (European Unioin) by focusing on opportunities and 

constraints in the domestic opportunity structure.

Paper Contagion as an Omitted Variable: Explaining the Spread of 

Sub-National Movements in Western Europe 

Seth K. Jolly, University of Chicago 

Overview: In previous quantitative and qualitative work on subnational 

movements, in the form of political parties or social 

movements, scholars use a variety of factors to explain the growth 

and success of sub-national political movements. 

Disc. Sara B. Wallace, Georgetown University 

8-2 MEASURING IDEOLOGICAL DIMENSIONS AND 

PARTISAN PREF 


Chair Scott Morgenstern, University of Pittsburgh 

Paper Ideology or What? Ideal Point Estimation in the Brazilian 

Legislature 

Cesar Zucco, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: This paper uses survey data to estimate ideological 

positions of Brazilian legislators, as well as their "affinity" 

towards the president, and compares these measures with roll call 

voting patterns. 

Paper Dimensions of Conflict in the Argentine Chamber of Deputies, 

1904-1955 

Sebastian M. Saiegh, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: I examine 1,712 roll call votes taken in the Argentine 

Chamber of Deputies between 1904 and 1955 and reveal the main 

dimensions of conflict and whether legislators voted in 

unchanging blocs at all times. 

Paper Estimating Policy Dimensions and Partisan Positions: A 

Multi-Method Approach 

Eduardo Aleman, University of Houston 

Ernesto Calvo, University of Houston 

Mark P. Jones, Rice University 

Overview: This study utilizes several distinct methodologies and 

sources of data to assess the nature and extent of the issue 

dimensions that structure parliamentary politics in Argentina. 

Disc. Scott Morgenstern, University of Pittsburgh 

9-2 ELECTORAL POLITICS AND INSTITUTIONS IN 

THE ASIAN CONTEXT 


Chair Shyam K. Sriram, Georgia State University 

Paper Towards Free and Fair: India’s Election Commission in a 

Comparative Context 

Samrat Sinha, University of Delaware 

Overview: The paper examines the political processes arising of 

electoral governance by examining the case of India’s National 

Election Commission and the causes of its increased activism in 

South Asian politics. 

Paper Testing the Selectorate Theory: Economic Policymaking in 

Post-War East Asia 

Jonathan K. Hanson, University of Michigan 

Mary Gallagher, University of Michigan 

Overview: This paper tests the selectorate theory (Bueno de 

Mesquita et al., 2003) using comparative analysis of economic 

policymaking in East Asian countries, with particular attention to 

the measurement of key concepts. 

Disc. TBA 

11-301 POSTER SESSION: POLITICS OF THE MIDDLE 

EAST I 


Presenter The "Institutionalization" of the Lebanese Republic, 1920- 

1946 

(Board 5) 

Talal S. Hattar, University of Washington, Seattle 

Overview: This paper argues that "institutionalization" is not a 

process whereby institutions gain legitimacy and stability. Rather, 

it is the process by which organizational procedures become path 

dependent and lead neither to legitimacy nor stability. 

11-302 POSTER SESSION: POLITICS OF THE MIDDLE 

EAST II 


Presenter How Does the Arab and the U.S. Media Depict the Clash of 

Civilizations? 

(Board 6) 

Gregory N. Schroeder, Central Michigan University 

Overview: This longitudinal study utilizes content analysis to 

determine how the most influential media of the Arab Middle East 

and the United States convey the clash of civilations theory to 

their audiences. 

13-2 POST-COMMUNIST ELECTION AND PARTIES 


Chair Carol S. Leff, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Paper The Serbian Radical Party and the 2004 Local Elections 

Andrew Konitzer, Austin College 

Overview: Drawing upon a quantitative analyses of Serbia's 160+ 

municipalities, interviews and media publications, this study 

examines the factors which contributed to the success of the 

Serbian Radical Party (SRS) during Serbia’s 2004 local elections. 

Paper Structuring Cooptation: 'Parties of Power' in Comparative 

Perspective 

Ora John E. Reuter, Emory University 

Overview: Why have some leaders in the former Soviet Union 

sought to build a relatively strong state party while others have 

opted to rule through charisma and bureacracy alone. 

Paper The Party is Dead, Long Live the Party! Hegemonic Parties in 

Transition 

Tatiana P. Rizova, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: How do parties that sustained single party dictatorships 

reorganize after surviving democratization? I argue that 

organizational changes were one of the keys to these parties’ 

survival and electoral success in competitive multi-party elections. 

Paper Voting Determinants in Young Democracies: Party 

Identification and Leader Effects in the 2005 Albanian 

Election 

Altin Ilirjani, University of North Carolina 

Overview: This paper analyzes and compares the importance of 

party identification and leader effects in voting behavior in 

Albania, using data from the first national election study ever 

conducted in Albania. 

Paper Post-Soviet Development of Political Parties and Electoral 

Behavior in Republic of Moldova 

Petru Culeac, University of Wyoming 

Overview: Moldovan politics are lately dominated by a “leftright” 

hybrid government. The paper analyzes the causes of this 

phenomenon through the perspective of the post-Soviet Moldovan 

electorate’s characteristics and political parties’ development. 

Disc. David O. Rossbach, Texas A&M University 

Paul E. Sum, University of North Dakota 

14-301 POSTER SESSION: INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL 

ECONOMY 


Presenter From Empire Back to the Nation-Empires? 

(Board 7) 

Mehmet A. Okur, Gazi University 

Burcu Bostanoglu, Gazi University 

Overview: Based on the premise that security is not a neutral or 

rational term but is dependent on the particular context in which it 

is adopted and accepted and that economic and political certainties 

of the recent history have been replaced. 

Presenter Preservation of Cultural Heritage and Revitalizing a Mining 

Town in Mexico: The Case of Cerro de San Pedro 

(Board 8) 

Josè G. Vargas-Hernandez, Instituto Tecnologico de cd. Guzman 

Overview: The aim is to analyze the importance it has to rescue, 

defend and promote the historic and cultural heritage of Cerro de 

San Pedro. and in revitalizing a mining town in San Luis Potosì, 

México. 

Page | 81

Presenter Corruptible Inspectors and Air Pollution in Europe 

(Board 9) 

Kate Ivanova, Vanderbilt University 

Overview: The study focuses on collusion between an 

environmental inspector and a firm to underreport pollution levels. 

It determines whether the overall level of corruption may provide 

insights on a country’s actual compliance with environmental 

regulations. 

Presenter Anchors Away: Factor Mobility, Globalization and Global 

Shipping 

(Board 10) 

Kellie Greene, University of Southern Mississippi 

Overview: This paper explores the effects of globalization and 

increasing shipping rates on low cost producers by examining how 

domestic politics and policies are linked to export performance. 

Presenter Tax System Reform in Latin America: Domestic and 

International Causes 

(Board 11) 

Omar Sanchez, Iowa State University 

Overview: This article aims to elucidate the main domestic and 

international forces that have fostered the reform of tax systems 

throughout Latin America. 

15-301 POSTER SESSION: DOMESTIC POLITICS AND 

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 


Presenter Ethnicity, Conflict and Extended Deterrence 

(Board 12) 

Tracy L. Long, Texas A&M University 

Overview: This paper tests Russett’s hypothesis that potential 

Client nations will court deterrence using economic ties. The 

findings suggest that deterrence in former Soviet nations is 

determined by the needs of ethnic groups to balance against one 

another. 

Presenter Getting What We Want: Foreign and Domestic Politics of the 

United States 

(Board 13) 

Brooke M. Rogers, Charleston Southern University 

Overview: This paper examines what domestic factors influence 

the policy substitutions concerning the initial level of military 

force in militarized disputes initiated by the United States. 

16-2 THE POLITICS OF EUROPEAN SECURITY 


Chair Wallace J. Thies, Catholic University of America 

Paper The European Security and Defense Policy: A View from the 

"New Europe" 

Adrian Florea, Iowa State Universityy 

Overview: The purpose of this study is to examine the 

determinants that underlie the position embraced by Romania and 

Poland vis-a-vis the envisaged European Security and Defense 

Policy. 

Paper The Divide Over European Security 

Christopher D. Van Aller, Winthrop University 

Overview: Security interpretations differ between Western and 

Central Europe. Europe appears united against the Iraq war, 

detainee policy, and missile defense. However, newer NATO 

members have both participated in and defended American 

operations. 

Paper Coming Together, Falling Apart: Alliance Cycles Since 1815 

Jeffrey M. Cavanaugh, Bradley University 

Overview: This paper examines cycles of aggregate alliance 

formation and dissolution in the interstate system since 1815 in 

order to establish what system-level criteria facilitate or hinder 

cooperative ventures like interstate military alliances. 

Paper State Preferences and the Explanation of the Variation in 

Regional Security Institutions: NATO and ARF Compared 

Min-hyung Kim, University of Washington 

Overview: Arguing against conventional wisdom such as 

structural realism and constructivism, this paper develops a state 

preference-based theory for the explanation of the variation in 

regional security institutions in Western Europe and East Asia. 

Page | 82 

Disc. Tatsuya Nishida, Harvard University 

Wallace J. Thies, Catholic University of America 

17-17 CONFLICT RESOLUTION AND SETTLEMENT IN 

CIVIL WAR 


Chair Martin Slann, Macon State College 

Paper The Senkaku/Diaoyu Islands Dispute: Why Settlement Has 

Not Been Attempted 

Krista E. Wiegand, Georgia Southern University 

Overview: I explain why China and Japan have not attempted to 

settle the dispute over the Senakaku/Diaoyu Islands despite access 

to potential oil deposits. Both states use the dispute as bargaining 

leverage to gain concessions on other disputed issues. 

Paper Institutional Incentives in Structuring the Conflict-Resolution 

Process 

Irina Khmelko, Georgia Southern University 

Krista E. Wiegand, Georgia Southern University 

Overview: The paper is a cross-regional study of the influence of 

institutional mechanisms and structures associated with peaceful 

or violent conflict resolution, compared to the role of past 

legacies. 

Paper Complex Power-Sharing: Macedonia and the Ohrid 

Framework Agreement 

Mary Frances R. Lebamoff, Loyola University, Chicago 

Overview: This paper examines the first half of the 10-year period 

of the 2001 Ohrid Framework Agreement in Macedonia, 

analyzing the OFA's complex power-sharing nexus related to 

societal security, particularly given socio-ethno-political 

cleavages. 

Paper Can Diasporas Be a Source of Moderation of Divided 

Societies? 

Maria V. Koinova, Harvard University/University of 

Massachusetts, Amherst 

Overview: Diasporas originating from forced migration are often 

considered agents for perpetuation of conflict in homeland divided 

societies. My paper explores the conditions under which such 

diasporas exert a moderating effect. 

Disc. Christine M. Sixta, University of South Carolina 

18-10 U.S. FOREIGN POLICY IN ASIA 


Chair William D. Anderson, Western Illinois University 

Paper The Mouse that Roared? Clinton’s Foreign Policy towards 

North Korea 

Jane Kim, University of Essex 

Overview: The paper uses the diplomatic history method in order 

to explore the reasons why there was a change from conflict to 

cooperation in U.S. foreign policy towards North Korea during the 

Clinton administration. 

Paper Revisiting Balance of Power: U.S. Foreign Policy in Asia 

Rabia Akhtar, Fatima Jinnah Women University 

Overview: This paper analyzes U.S. foreign policy in Asia. 

Lessons from Soviet-Afghan war need to be drawn whereby U.S. 

helped create Taliban as a byproduct resulting in 9/11. It is 

repeating history by helping 'create' a giant India in desire to 

contain China. 

Disc. William D. Anderson, Western Illinois University 

19-3 THE PROMOTION OF DEMOCRACY AND 

HUMAN RIGHTS 


Chair Erik Voeten, George Washington University 

Paper Transnational Advocacy and Human Rights in Perspective 

Feryal M. Cherif, University of California, Riverside 

Overview: In recent years, constructivism has grown in influence 

among human rights’ scholars and activists. Despite suggestive 

evidence and testimonials, there is reason to be guarded in our 

optimism and to give more consideration to these explanations.

Paper Rewarding Human Rights: The Effects of State Behavior on 

the Allocation of Development Aid 

Richard A. Nielsen, Brigham Young University 

Overview: I examine how protection of human rights affects the 

allocation of bilateral and multilateral development aid. 

Paper Enabling Betterment? The Impact of HRO Presence on 

Human Right Practices 

Amanda M. Murdie, Emory University 

Overview: Drawing on human rights and NGO theoretical 

literatures, I use econometric methods to examine the relationship 

between changes in the number of HROs with members within a 

state and the human rights practices of the state over time. 

Paper What Do International Observers Do? Effects on Leaders' 

Tenure in Office 

Susan D. Hyde, Yale University 

Nikolay Marinov, Yale University 

Overview: Do international observers influence the tenure of 

governments in office? This paper tests whether holding fraudlent 

elections which are condemned by international observers has 

direct or indirect effects on leaders' tenure. 

Disc. Cosette D. Creamer, Harvard University 

Erik Voeten, George Washington University 

20-1 IDENTITY AND CONFLICT: NEW 

COMPARATIVE EVIDENCE 


Chair Jason Larson, Southern Illinois University 

Paper National Identity versus International Organizations 

Emanuel E. Coman, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Overview: This paper analyzes the role of certain International 

Organizations (IO) in the prevention of ethnic conflicts in Central 

and Eastern Europe (CEE) through the push for policy 

changestowards ethnic minorities. 

Paper Identity and Control in Israel: The Case of Israel’s Arab 

Citizens 

Sherry R. Lowrance, University of Georgia 

Overview: This paper illuminates the content and uses of identity 

in Israel, a Jewish-nationalist state, based on survey data and 

qualitative, semi-structured interviews among Israeli Arabs in 

2001 and 2005. 

Paper Nationalist Conflict and Media Manipulation in Serbia and 

India 

Lisa Kissopoulos, University of Cincinnati 

Overview: In ethnic conflict, elites gain power through 

manipulation, both in the media and their speeches. The cases of 

Kosovo in Serbia from 1989-1999 and Gujarat in India in 2002, 

show how elites used history and culture for political gain. 

Paper Identities and Civil Unrest in Europe 

Jessica L. McGary, University of Arizona 

Ruth A. Alminas, University of Arizona 

Overview: This research examines the ethnic and nationalist 

causes of domestic unrest using the Integrated Data for Events 

Analysis (IDEA) data bank combined with data from the 

European Social Surveys. 

Paper Sources of Ethnic Tensions in East-Central Europe 

Sergey Rymarenko, Institute of Political and Ethnic Studies 

Overview: The focal point is to investigate a real source of ethnic 

tensions and conflicts i.e. "ethnic manipulation". 

Disc. Lena M. Surzhko-Harned, University of Pittsburgh 

Douglas R. Woodwell, University of Indianapolis 

21-9 CIVIC ENGAGEMENT: THE ROLE OF IDENTITY 

AND EMOTION 


Chair Darren W. Davis, Michigan State University, East Lansing 

Paper Emotion, Efficacy, and Political Participation 

Nicholas A. Valentino, University of Michigan 

Eric Groenendyk, University of Michigan 

Krysha Gregorowicz, University of Michigan 

Overview: This study reveals the impact of campaign-specific 

emotions on political efficacy. These effects suggest that efficacy 

may not be the stable predictor of participation that others have 

assumed. 

Paper Studying the Role of Social Class Identity in Political 

Understanding: A Proposed Method 

Katherine C. Walsh, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: This paper uses preliminary data to develop a feasible 

method for studying the role of social class identity in processes of 

political interpretation that take place during interpersonal 

conversation. 

Paper Relational Outcomes of Civic Engagment 

Amy Lang, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: This paper argues for attention to the relational 

outcomes of civic and political participation. Interview data from 

59 participants in the British Columbia Citizens' Assembly on 

Electoral Reform are used to develop these arguments. 

Paper Political Socialization and School Organization in K-12 

Virtual Schools 

Arnold F. Shober, Lawrence University 

Meghan Condon, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: Virtual charter schools try to make public schools more 

inclusive and effective. We show how students in virtual schools 

compare to those in traditional ones on political socialization and 

civic engagement, two presumed benefits of public schools. 

Paper The Influence of National Identity and Civic Norms on 

Political Involvement 

Nadia Khatib, University of Arizona 

Overview: This study uses multiple methods of inquiry to develop 

valid measures of patriotism and national identity and 

experimentally examine the political consequences of national 

attachments on civic norms, political engagement, and 

participation. 

Disc. Gregory A. Petrow, University of Nebraska, Omaha 

22-2 RELIGION AND POLITICAL CAMPAIGNS (Cosponsored 

with Religion and Politics, see 53-14) 


Chair Bethany L. Albertson, University of Washington 

Paper A Study of Christian Right Horticulture: Grassroots Activism 

in a Republican Primary Campaign 

Paul A. Djupe, Denison University 

Jacob R. Neiheisel, Denison University 

Overview: In this paper, we map the social network, identity, and 

agenda connections Ohio Republican primary voters had with the 

Christian Right movement as they went to the polls in 2006. 

Paper Political Cues, Religious Celebrities, and Young Christian 

Voters 

Brian R. Calfano, Texas A&M University 

Overview: Do young Christian voters perceive and accept political 

cues from local pastors, religious celebrities, and the Christian 

media? This project sheds light on those young voters on which 

the future of Christian political conservatism is based. 

Paper The Conditional Impact of Moral Values: The 2006 Ohio 

Gubernatorial Election 

Herbert Weisberg, Ohio State University 

Dino Christenson, Ohio State University 

Overview: The Ohio gubernatorial election of 2006 provided a 

unique opportunity to investigate the impact of moral values on 

the vote. We test the electoral impact of moral values across a 

heterogeneous electorate. 

Disc. Bethany L. Albertson, University of Washington 

23-101 ROUNDTABLE: THE FUTURE OF EXIT POLLING 

Room Adams, 6 th Floor, Thur at 9:50 am 

Chair Daron Shaw, University of Texas, Austin 

Panelist John Gorman, Opinion Dynamics 

Arnon Mishkin, Mishkin and Associates 

Charles H. Franklin, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: Members of the news networks' decision teams discuss 

the mechanics and future of exit polls in American elections. 

Page | 83

25-2 THE MEASUREMENT, DETERMINANTS AND 

EFFECTS OF POLITICAL TRUST 


Chair Christopher Wlezien, Temple University 

Paper Barn Burners and Burn Out: The Effects of Competitive 

Elections on Efficacy 

Matt A. Barreto, University of Washington 

Matthew Streb, Northern Illinois University 

Overview: Do competitive elections increase accountability and 

efficacy, or do the constant attack ads during close campaign drive 

down efficacy and trust? Do voters like hard fought campaigns or 

landslide victories? We explore this using NES data 1950-2004. 

Paper Covering Congress: Media Effects on Evaluations of the 

Legislative Branch 

Tyler Johnson, Texas A&M University 

Overview: This paper examines how the content, tone, and 

substance of media coverage of the legislative branch shape 

approval of and trust in Congress and its members over time. 

Paper In Divisiveness We Distrust: Party Polarization and Trust in 

Government 

Scott C. O'Brien, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Overview: This paper examines the relationship between trust in 

government and polarization. I find that the more polarized 

citizens see political institutions (i.e. parties, Congress), the more 

likely these citizens are to distrust government. 

Paper Presidential Leadership and Government Trust: Toward a 

General Theory 

Kisuk Cho, Ewha Womans University 

Overview: This paper investigates the realtionship between the 

elements of presidential leadership and government trust based on 

an analysis of Reagan and Clinton of the United States, and Roh 

of Korea. 

Disc. Gabriel S. Lenz, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 

Christopher Wlezien, Temple University 

26-4 LATINO/A PARTICIPATION 


Chair Rodolfo Espino, Arizona State University 

Paper Unconventional Political Participation has a New Face 

Daniel Q. Gillion, University of Rochester 

Overview: Contrary to popular belief, this paper shows that it is 

the majority population rather than the racial and ethnic minority 

who are currently more likely to engage in unconventional 

political behavior, also known as protest activity. 

Paper The Different Movers in a Social Movement: The May 1 

Rallies in Los Angeles 

Kim Y. Dionne, University of California, Los Angeles 

Michael Suk-Young Chwe, University of California, Los 

Angeles 

Michael Stone, University of California, Los Angeles 

Elizabeth Carlson, University of California, Los Angeles 

Darin D. DeWitt, University of California, Los Angles 

Ryan D. Enos, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: Using original survey data collected during the May 1st 

immigration rallies, this paper questions several claims regarding 

participation in the rallies and presents ideas on the characteristic 

differences between first-time and repeat protesters. 

Paper Other Hispanics: An Analysis of U.S. Honduran Political 

Participation 

Maximo G. Martinez, West Virginia University 

Overview: Studies conducted on Latino immigrants and political 

participation primarily focuses on their large population groups 

such as Puerto Ricans, Cubans and Mexicans. Hero, Garcia, 

Garcia, Pachon (2000) show Latino political party support as nonpartisan. 

Paper How Social Contexts Influence Voting Turnout of Latinos and 

Asian Americans 

Seung-Jin Jang, Columbia University 

Overview: The paper tests the role of social contexts and group 

characteristics in voting turnout of Latinos and Asian Americans. 

Contextual factors matter for minority groups by influencing their 

racial consciousness and perceptions of group-level benefits. 

Page | 84 

Disc. Rodolfo Espino, Arizona State University 

Matthew B. Platt, University of Rochester 

27-2 CAMPAIGN ADVERTISING 


Chair Jeffrey F. Kraus, Wagner College 

Paper "Negative" in Negative Advertising: Definitions, Research and 

Implications 

Stephen C. Brooks, University of Akron 

Rick D. Farmer, Oklahoma House of Representatives 

Joahua J. Peterson, University of Akron 

Overview: This paper explores definitions of "negative 

advertising" used in research by documenting their historical 

development, examining their influence on the understanding of 

negative advertising and suggesting how to improve the definition 

of "negative." 

Paper Who Said What? Issue Ownership and the Effectiveness of 

Campaign Ads 

Shanto Iyengar, Stanford University 

Kyu S. Hahn, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: We use evidence from an experimental study relying 

on a representative sample of voters during the 2006 mid-term 

election to examine the extent to which issue ownership 

moderated the effectiveness of campaign issue ads. 

Paper Candidate Gender and Political Ads: An Experimental 

Assessment 

Robert J. Slagter, Birmingham-Southern College 

Adam Israel, University of Alabama 

Natalie Davis, Birmingham-Southern College 

Overview: This paper tests hypotheses regarding campaign 

advertisement tone and candidate gender on intention to vote, 

candidate choice and elements of candidate image in an 

experiment utilizing a simulated election. 

Paper Free Advertising: How the Media Amplify the Effect of 

Negative Ads 

Travis N. Ridout, Washington State University 

Glen Smith, Washington State University 

Overview: How often do the media magnify the importance of a 

political ad? And are they more likely to do so with negative ads? 

To investigate these questions, we examine 20 U.S. Senate races 

from 2004. 

Disc. Michael G. Hagen, Temple University 

27-18 POLITICS ON TV AFTER 11 (10 CENTRAL) 


Chair John P. Forren, Miami University of Ohio 

Paper Calming the Storm: Late Night Comedy and Hurricane 

Katrina's Aftermath 

Josh Compton, Southwest Baptist University 

Overview: Research has explored how late night comedy broaches 

serious sociopolitical topics—including disease, religion, and even 

Osama bin Laden. This project surveys late night humor about 

Hurricane Katrina and governmental responses. 

Paper Political Culture Jamming: The Dissident Humor of The 

Colbert Report 

Jamie Warner, Marshall University 

Overview: The Colbert Report jams the seamless transmission of 

dominant political brand messages by parodying their 

unproblematic dissemination by the news media, broadcasting 

dissident political messages that can open up space for questioning 

and critique. 

Paper Enemies of the State? ‘The Colbert Report,’ ‘The O’Reilly 

Factor,’ Cynicism and Youth 

Jody C. Baumgartner, East Carolina University 

Jonathan S. Morris, East Carolina University 

Overview: Previous research has found the political humor–a form 

of “soft news,” or “infotainment”–lowers trust in political 

institutions and political leaders among young adults.

Paper Presentation Style and Political Attitudes: The Daily Show vs. 

Network News 

Glory E. Koloen, Indiana University 

Overview: A comparative analysis of the impact of mediated 

political information presentation style on political attitudes; 

particularly internal and external efficacy and cynicism. 

Disc. Jocelyn D. Shadforth, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse 

28-9 WOMEN AND PUBLIC POLICY IN 

COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE 


Chair Mona Lena Krook, Washington University 

Paper Gender Gap, Welfare Spending and Democracy 

Eunju Kang, Claremont Graduate University 

Overview: This paper explains the size of welfare spending in 

democracies. 

Paper Democracy and Household Organization: Single Mothers, 

Economic Decisions and Political Values 

Tassili M. Pender, Claremont Graduate University 

Overview: The size and organization of the average family is 

changing dramatically in developed democracies. This research 

investigates the relationship between domestic market forces and 

recent changes in household organization. 

Paper States and Sex Equality: Why do Governments Promote 

Women's Rights? 

S. Laurel Weldon, Purdue University 

Mala N. Htun, New School University 

Overview: This paper offers a new theoretical explanation for 

when and why governments adopt women’s rights policies in 

thirteen specific policy issue-areas. The paper applies this 

approach in an analysis of an original dataset covering 70 

countries. 

Paper The European Union and Gender Advocacy in the Accession 

Process 

Celeste M. Montoya, Southern Illinois University 

Overview: This paper explores the Europeanization of gender 

equality policy through the accession process by focusing on 

membership requirements as well as local and transnational 

advocacy efforts. 

Paper Gender Dimension of EU-Turkey Relations 

Zeynep Sahin, University of Southern California 

Overview: Turkey`s aspiration for EU has forced Turkish state to 

introduce gender equality related legislative and institutional 

changes with the contributions of the women`s organizations. 

Disc. Adriana M. Crocker, University of Illinois, Springfield 

Mona Lena Krook, Washington University 

28-201 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: GENDER AND 

PUBLIC POLICY IN KOREA AND TAIWAN 


Presenter Empowering Women: The Use of Quotas 

Jeeseon Jeon, Seoul National University 

Overview: This paper examines the impact of gender quotas in 

non-western context, focusing on South Korea's local elections. I 

will show that gender quotas enhance women's political 

participation, contrary to doubts about its impact in developing 

countries. 

28-202 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: COMPARATIVE 

ANALYSIS OF GENDER AND HUMAN RIGHTS 


Presenter Comparative Analysis of Gender and Human Rights 

Myra Y. Irizarry, University of Texas, Dallas 

Overview: Human rights indicators are not universal and in some 

cases may not include gender or women’s rights. This paper will 

discuss the most common human rights indicators applied today, 

databases and data collection, and the absence of gender and 

women’s rights. 

30-1 TOPICS IN ANCIENT POLITICAL THOUGHT 


Chair Stephen Lange, Morehead State University 

Paper Eros and Freedom; Thucydides on the Fatal Contradiction of 

Politics 

Borden Flanagan, American University 

Overview: For Thucydides, it is through political life that we seek 

to protect our material interests, yet it is also through political life 

that we seek to transcend and achieve freedom from those 

interests. 

Pper Friendship, Temporality and Identity: Corinth and Corcyra in 

Thucydides I 

Rachel M. Templer, Georgetown University 

Overview: The debate between Corinth and Corcyra in 

Thucydides discussed as a debate between ascribed and achieved 

friendships as models of political identity. This points to problems 

of solidarity and temporal depth in liberal models of citizenship. 

Paper Ages and Straw Dogs: A Study of Political Violence in the 

Laozi 

Rick Parrish, West Texas A&M University 

Overview: A reinterpretation of the Laozi's Daoist sage ruler 

through Isaiah Berlin's typology of liberty, Nietzsche's master and 

slave moralities, and Derrida's economy of violence. 

Paper To The Memory Of Socrates: Moral Philosophy In Plato’s 

Laws 

Kyong Min Son, Cornell University 

Overview: This paper argues that Plato’s Laws, often regarded as 

his departure from philosophy towards institutional design and 

theology, is actually a refined defense of Socratic moral 

philosophy. 

Paper Thucydidean Answers to Nietzschean Questions: Das Religiose 

Wesen 

Benjamin P. Newton, University of Maryland, College Park 

Overview: Questions of nature’s role in politics--what constitutes 

a people, justice, necessity--thread together into a singular 

significant problem: what is religious? Within the framework of 

religiosity we can better understand nature’s place in politics. 

Disc. James T. Fetter, University of Notre Dame 

James M. Colman, Ashland University 

32-13 DELIBERATION, COMMUNICATION, AND 



Chair Stephen P. Chilton, University of Minnesota, Duluth 

Paper Communicative Rationality Revisited: Creative Imagination 

and the Politics of Intercultural Understanding 

Mihaela Czobor-Lupp, Georgetown University 

Overview: In the Liberating Power of Symbols, Habermas 

correctly points out that political conflicts are nowadays 

“increasingly defined from a cultural standpoint” and thus 

“intercultural understanding” becomes a task to be achieved. 

Paper What Makes Representation Democratic? 

Joseph P. Lampert, Yale University 

Overview: This paper develops a normative framework for 

democratic representation that improves upon prevalent 

contemporary perspectives, and which recasts the practices and 

institutions of democratic representation beyond the conventional 

legislative arena. 

Paper Beyond Facts and Norms: How Greater Transparency 

Improves Deliberative Democracy 


Overview: I dissect the logic of Habermas’ “Between Facts and 

Norms” to clarify when deliberation can generate beneficial 

outcomes. My findings critique and extend his classic work by 

incorporating key attributes of participants’ perceptions and 

expectations. 

Disc. Danny Postel, Open Democracy Magazine 

Page | 85

33-17 SOVEREIGNTY, EMPIRE, AND POST 

COLONIALISM 


Chair Brian A. Weiner, University of San Francisco 

Paper Undoing the Colonial? Decolonizing Coloniality in 

Postcolonial Studies 

Subir K. Kole, University of Hawaii, Manoa 

Overview: Is the preoccupation of postcolonial studies with 

decolonization one of the prominent signs of its continued 

colonization? How can one undo the coloniality embedded in 

postcolonial discourse? Can one really escape from such an 

inherent trajectory? 

Paper Pathologies of Sovereignty: History and (Post)Colonial 

Domination 

Tanner J. McFadden, University of Chicago 

Overview: An investigation of history as a persistent and 

problematic source of legitimacy in colonial states as well as the 

postcolony, leading to a rethinking of the authority of experience. 

Paper Diplomacy, Cultural Difference, and the Politics of Sovereign 

Agency 

Robert E. Watkins, Columbia College, Chicago 

Overview: Building on critique of sovereign agency developed by 

Butler and Markell, paper defends a conception of cultural 

pluralism at the level of global politics through a comparison of 

Berlin's cultural pluralism and Burke's critique of empire. 

Paper Historical Justice, Sovereignty, and Native Hawaiian 

Nationhood 

Brian A. Weiner, University of San Francisco 

Overview: Hawaii is the site of a set of political and legal 

contestations testing how far the United States government is 

willing and able to accommodate minority nationalism within its 

sovereign borders. 

Disc. Henry T. Edmondson, Georgia College & State University 

33-101 AUTHOR MEETS CRITICS: THE CONCEPT OF 

CONSTITUENCY BY ANDREW REHFELD 

Room Parlor B, 6 th Floor, Thur at 9:50 am 

Chair Peter Stone, Stanford University 

Panelist David Canon, University of Wisconsin 

Michael James, Bucknell University 

Andrew Rehfeld, Washington University 

Melissa Williams, University of Toronto 

Overview: A discussion of Andrew Rehfeld's book "The Concept 

of Constituency". The panel will discuss such themes as 

institutional design, descriptive representation, and the role of 

random selection in democratic theory. 

34-1 POLITICAL PARTIES 


Chair Justin Buchler, Case Western Reserve University 

Paper Effective Parties in a Model of Repeated Legisaltive 

Interaction 

Justin Fox, Yale University 

Randall Calvert, Washington University, St. Louis 

Overview: We examine the conditions under which legislative 

parties are able to induce members to vote contrary to their short 

term interests in the contex of a model of repeated bargaining. 

Paper Open Primaries and Crossover Voting 

Insun Kang, Duke University 

Overview: We develop a two stage election game where first there 

are open primaries and then, there is a general election. By 

analyzing the model, we examine what types of strategic crossover 

voting occur in equilibrium and under what circumstances they 

occur. 

Paper Long Coalitions Under Electoral Uncertainty: Zero Sum 

Conflict and the Electoral Origins of Political Parties 

Kathleen Bawn, University of California, Los Angeles 

Hans C. Noel, Georgetown University 

Overview: We model the formation of parties as long coalitions in 

an electoral characterized by a high level of uncertainty about 

voter behavior. We find that some zero sum conflict is necessary 

for two party competition to occur in equilibrium. 

Page | 86 

Paper Policy Divergence due to Primary Elections in the Downsian 

Model 

Gilles Serra, Harvard University 

Overview: We build a model where both parties hold competitive 

primaries, and then study three extensions of empirical relevance: 

an incumbent candidate; a dogmatic candidate; and precandidates 

who collude to avoid a divisive primary campaign. 

Paper An Endogenous Model of Political Leadership 

Eric S. Dickson, New York University 

Overview: The paper presents a formal model of political 

leadership, in which individuals are endogenously partitioned 

between (1) strategic elites and (2) masses that exhibit less-thanfully-rational 

equilibrium behavior in response to elite appeals. 

Disc. Jeffrey Grynaviski, University of Chicago 

35-2 TOPICS IN POLITICAL METHODOLOGY I 


Chair Jong Hee Park, Washington University, St. Louis 

Paper Why VAR? 

Regina M. Baker, University of Oregon 

Overview: I reevaluate common objections to Vector 

Autoregression in light of recent work on lagged dependent 

variables. I conclude that standard objections are readily 

addressed through careful interpretation of results, including 

impulse-response functions. 

Paper A Latent Class Analysis of Latino National Identity 

Gia Barboza, Michigan State University 

Overview: In this paper, I demonstrate latent class analysis by 

using lEM software to analyze several categorical indicators of 

national identity among Latino subgroups in the United States. 

Paper Electoral Competitiveness: Toward a Universal Measure 

Mark A. Kayser, University of Rochester 

Drew A. Linzer, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: We propose a mixture distribution method of 

measuring electoral competitiveness in multi-party systems that 

overcomes the short-comings of earlier techniques. 

Disc. Patrick T. Brandt, University of Texas, Dallas 

36-1 SOCIAL NETWORKS AND COMMUNICATIONS 

NETWORKS 


Chair Alan Rosenblatt, Internet Advocacy Center 

Paper Online Communities, Youth, and Politics 

Jessica L. Beyer, University of Washington, Seattle 

Overview: In this project I focus on internet posting boards and 

other online social networking forums in an attempt to understand 

the ways in which the conversations online reflect youth 

engagement in society and politics in a way that we have not 

noticed. 

Paper Online Nationalism, National Identity and Digital Diasporas 

Sheng Ding, Bloomsburg University 

Overview: Online Nationalism, National Identity and Digital 

Diasporas: Comparing the Domestic and Overseas Chinese Web 

Communities 

Paper The Impact of Online Communities on Social Capital and 

Participation 

James S. Krueger, University of Iowa 

Scott Cody, St. Louis Community College, Meramec 

Overview: Bridging and bonding in cyberspace are examined 

through survey data of MMOG participants. Multiple measures of 

participation, social capital, awareness, and activism are utilized. 

Paper Virtual Strong Ties: Internet-based Political Linkages Over 

Time 

John C. Scott, Cornell University 

Overview: I track the structure of Internet links among social 

movement actors over time in order to test whether weak groups 

use virtual strong ties. These links are compared to the ties among 

lobbyists as well as perceived links of the movement activists. 

Disc. Michael J. Jensen, University of California, Irvine 

Kevin J. Wallsten, University of California, Berkeley

37-2 THE WORKINGS OF INTEREST GROUPS 


Chair Clyde Brown, Miami University 

Paper A Nonprofit Accountability Framework and Empirical Test 

Kara R. Neymeyr, Rhode Island House of Representatives 

Gaylord G. Candler, Indiana University, South Bend 

Georgette E. Dumont, Northern Illinois University 

Overview: A framework is developed for non-profit 

accountability, contrasting to whom and for what dimensions. 

The framework is then tested on a sample of fifteen nonprofit 

organizations in Rhode Island and Massachusetts. 

Paper Public Goods and a Theory of Groups: The Importance of 

Increasing Returns 

McGee W. Young, Marquette University 

Overview: This paper draws on the new endogenous growth 

theory in economics to offer an alternative theoretical framework 

for explaining the mobilization of interest groups. Contra Olson it 

emphasizes the value of non-rival, partially excludable public 

goods. 

Paper Moving up the Ladder: Saliency and its Effect on Interest 

Group Hierarchy 

Justin H. Kirkland, Appalachian State University 

Overview: This paper will examine the effects of saliency on 

institutional dominance in the interest group ecosystem. It will 

also attempt to create an interest group hierarchy and track the 

changes in the hierarchy against changes in saliency. 

Paper Nonprofit Networks: Uncovering the Web of Money and 

Issues 

Suzanne M. Robbins, George Mason University 

Overview: In this paper, I investigate the interconnectedness of 

nonprofit advocacy using Social Network Analysis. 

Paper The Social and Political Context of Interest Group Density 

Jessica C. Gerrity, Indiana University 

Maryann Barakso, American University 

Brian F. Schaffner, American University 

Overview: We examine how measures of the public’s political 

ideology, philanthropy, and social capital affect interest group 

density in over 300 metropolitan areas in the United States. 

Disc. Paul J. Culhane, Northern Illinois University 

38-101 ROUNDTABLE: TULIS'S RHETORICAL 

PRESIDENCY AT TWENTY 

Room Parlor F, 6 th Floor, Thur at 9:50 am 

Chair Nicole Mellow, Williams College 

Panelist Jeffrey Tulis, University of Texas 

Bryan Garsten, Yale University 

Susan Herbst, SUNY, Albany 

Paul Quirk, University of British Columbia 

Diane Rubenstein, Cornell University 

Overview: A roundtable dealing with the impact on the study of 

American politics of Jeffrey Tulis's - The Rhetorical Presidency -, 

published in 1987. 

39-1 NEW MEASURES OF LEGISLATOR AND 

CONSTITUENT PREFERENCES 


Chair Jonathan Woon, Carnegie Mellon University 

Paper State Legislator Ideology and State Interest Group Scores 

Lilliard E. Richardson, University of Missouri 

Anthony Bertelli, University of Georgia 

Overview: Interest group scores have been used to measure state 

legislative ideology, but such measures have many limitations. We 

develop a measurement strategy that uses constituency, party, and 

personal characteristics to capture state legislator ideology. 

Paper District Preferences and Legislative Voting in the Russian 

Duma 

Tanya G. Bagashka, University of Rochester 

Overview: Using party PR district vote as a measure of 

constituency ideological preferences, I apply a random effects 

ideal point estimation method to investigate whether constituency 

preferences are represented in voting behavior. 

Paper Survey-Based Preference Estimates and Conditional Party 

Government 

James S. Battista, University of North Texas 

Overview: This paper examines the core contention of conditional 

party government -- the connection between leadership power and 

the distribution of preferences -- by using anonymous survey data 

of state legislators to estimate legislator preferences. 

Paper Does Constituency Heterogeneity Affect Trade Policy 

Preferences? Evidence from the U.S. Senate 


Overview: Focusing on the U.S. Senate, I use three measures of 

constituency diversity, the traditional "Sullivan Index" and two 

new indices of economic diversity to assess claims that 

heterogeneity is highly correlated with size and that it predicts 

support for trade. 

Disc. Jonathan Woon, Carnegie Mellon University 

Antoine Yoshinaka, University of California, Riverside 

40-9 INCUMBENTS AND CHALLENGERS IN 

CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS 


Chair Walter J. Stone, University of California, Davis 

Paper District Complexity and Congressional Incumbency 

Advantage 

Michael J. Ensley, Indiana University 

Michael Tofias, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 

Overview: Using data on Senate Elections (1988-1992) and House 

Elections (2000), we examine if the complexity and diversity of 

public opinion in a district increases or decreases the advantages 

of incumbency. 

Paper The Post-War II Incumbency Effect: A Reassessment 

Jeffrey M. Stonecash, Syracuse University 

Overview: Examines the ability of incumbents to increase their 

vote percentage with successive years in office, 1900-2006. Finds 

that ability has declined since the 1940s. 

Paper Quality Still Counts More Than Quantity 

Brendan P. Toner, Southern Illinois University 

Overview: An extension of previous work (Lublin 1994) that 

examines which type of politicians and which set of conditions 

lead to a successful challenge of a U.S. Senate incumbent. 

Paper The Impact of Candidate Race on Electoral Outcomes 

Michiko Ueda, California Institute of Technology 

Tetsuya Matsubayashi, Texas A&M University 

Overview: We estimate the impact of candidate race on election 

outcomes by exploiting variations in the presence of minority 

candidates across different offices and also the fact that 

congressional districts often contain multiple state legislative 

districts. 

Disc. Walter J. Stone, University of California, Davis 

Thomas F. Schaller, University of Maryland, Baltimore County 

41-16 HOW COURTS SHAPE BUREAUCRATIC, 

CONGRESSIONAL, AND LOWER COURT 

POLICY-MAKING 


Chair Stephen L. Wasby, University of Albany 

Paper The Supreme Court and Congress Interactions: Judicial 

Influence and Legislative Behavior 

Roman Ivanchenko, Ohio State University 

Overview: This paper examines the effect that the threat of 

judicial invalidation has on congressional efforts in producing 

policies that are suitable for the existing state of the world. 

Paper State Legislative Responses to Kelo v. New London (2005) 

Chad M. King, University of Texas, Dallas 

Euel Elliot, University of Texas, Dallas 

Overview: We model state level legislative reactions to the 

Supreme Court's Takings Clause decision in Kelo v. New London 

(2005) decision as a function of the political, economic, and 

demographic characteristics of the states. 

Page | 87

Paper Bureaucratic Decision Making: SEC Enforcement and the 

Lower Federal Courts 

John Sivolella, Columbia University 

Overview: The paper tests whether the Securities and Exchange 

Commission considers the ideological composition of federal 

courts when deciding strategically whether to file enforcement 

actions in court or in administrative proceedings. 

Paper District Court Discretion Under Mandatory and Non- 

Mandatory Constraints 

Lydia B. Tiede, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: I test how the U.S. Sentencing Guidelines affect district 

court decisions before and after the U.S. Supreme Court decision 

in United States v. Booker (2005), converting the guidelines from 

mandatory to non-binding constraints on judges' discretion. 

Paper Probing Judiciary-Bureaucracy Relations: Politics and 

Anticipatory Agencies 

Patrick C. Wohlfarth, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Overview: I investigate the political relationship between the 

bureaucracy and Supreme Court over time and argue that federal 

agencies formulate policy in anticipation of Court preferences, 

thereby signifying judicial constraint on bureaucratic action. 

Disc. Robert M. Howard, Georgia State University 

Stephen L. Wasby, University of Albany 

41-101 AUTHOR MEETS CRITICS: LAWRENCE BAUM, 

"JUDGES AND THEIR AUDIENCES" (2006, 

PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS) 

Room Monroe, 6 th Floor, Thur at 9:50 am 

Chair Brandon L. Bartels, Stony Brook University 

Panelist Lee Epstein, Northwestern University 

Howard Gillman, University of Southern California 

Herbert Kritzer, University of Wisconsin 

Jeffrey Segal, Stony Brook University 

Lawrence Baum, Ohio State University 

Overview: Commentary by leading scholars on Baum's Judges 

and Their Audiences (2006, Princeton University Press). 

43-1 RETHINKING INTERNATIONAL LAW 


Chair Mark E. Wojcik, John Marshall Law School 

Paper Not Quite International: Western Just War Theory and the 

Laws of War 

Valerie O. Morkevicius, University of Chicago 

Overview: This paper critiques the international law of war as 

hegemonic. Outlining the relationship between Christian just war 

theory and the emergence of international law, it considers the 

ethical and political issues of a Western-Centric law of war. 

Paper Why Should Peace be Considered Utopian? 

Rui B. Romão, University of Beira Interior 

Overview: In this paper I shall tackle with the problem of the 

utopian nature of those projects of universal and perpetual peace 

that were conceived of in the Early Modern Period by 

Enlightenment philosophers, envisaged from the perspective of 

our times. 

Paper Military Occupations and the Rule of Law - 1945-2000 

Carmela Lutmar, Princeton University 

Overview: The purpose of this paper is to investigate empirically 

the quality of governments that emerge once foreign military 

occupations end in a large cross-section of countries in the post- 

1945 period. 

Paper Official History in Modern Democracies: an International 

Perspective 

Karim Medjad, HEC Paris 

Overview: Building on a recent French law requiring history 

teachers to stress the positive aspects of French colonialism, this 

paper discusses the nature and function of official history in 

modern democracies and its potential international implications. 

Disc. Kathy Purnell, DePaul University 

Mark E. Wojcik, John Marshall Law School 

Page | 88 

44-2 STATE LEGISLATIVE POLITICS 

Room Parlor E, 6 th Floor, Thur at 9:50 am 

Chair Harvey J. Tucker, Texas A&M University 

Paper Taking Care of Business: The Impact of Occupation on Part- 

Time Legislators 

Adam H. Hoffman, University of Maryland 

Overview: This paper examines whether the occupation of parttime 

legislators impact how they vote on business-backed 

legislation. 

Paper Estimating National Common Space Ideal Points for State 

Legislators 

Boris Shor, University of Chicago 

Christopher Berry, University of Chicago 

Nolan McCarty, Princeton University 

Overview: Attempts to extend ideal point analysis to states have 

been stymied by the lack of data and an inability to compare 

scores. Using new data, we exploit the presence of legislators who 

go on to serve in Congress to generate truly comparable scores. 

Paper Working Together in the Texas Legislature 

Harvey J. Tucker, Texas A&M University 

Overview: Legislators must cooperate to pass bills. This paper 

asks which members are more likely to work together and which 

teams are more successful. The sessions of 1995 and 2005 are 

compared. 

Disc. Ronald E. Weber, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 

Nancy Martorano, University of Dayton 

45-1 EMPIRICAL STUDIES OF INTERLOCAL 

COOPERATION 


Chair Skip Krueger, University of North Texas 

Paper Modeling State-Level Constraints on Interlocal Cooperation 

Skip Krueger, University of North Texas 

Ethan Bernick, University of North Texas 

Overview: Utilizing a hierarchical linear modeling specification 

and a nationwide dataset on financial flows between local 

governments, we model the impact of state-level institutional 

arrangements on interlocal cooperation. 

Paper Interlocal Cooperation on Public Safety: Lessons from 

Michigan 

Jered B. Carr, Wayne State University 

Kelly LeRoux, University of Kansas 

Overview: We use data on service arrangements from 387 

municipal governments in Michigan to examine patterns of 

interlocal cooperation in the delivery of police and fire services. 

Paper Regional Governance Organizations and Inter-local 

Cooperation for Local 

Sung-Wook Kwon, Florida State University 

Richard Feiock, Florida State University 

Overview: This study investigates how regional governance 

organizations facilitate service cooperation by reducing 

transaction costs in interlocal service contracting. 

Paper Institutional Ties, Interlocal Contractual Arrangements, and 

the Dynamic of Metropolitan Governance 

Simon A. Andrew, University of North Texas 

Overview: This paper examines cooperation in terms of 

contractual arrangements between local governments in four 

Florida metropolitan areas between 1988 and 2003 using a 

network specialized software called SIENA. 

Paper A Transaction Cost and Social Exchange Explanation for 

Interlocal Service 

Manoj Shrestha, Florida State University 

Overview: A model of the impact of transaction characteristics 

and inter-organizational trust on interlocal cooperation is tested on 

a sample of U.S. cities. 

Disc. Michael Pagano, University of Illinois, Chicago

46-2 THE DYNAMICS OF WELFARE POLICY 


Chair Saundra K. Schneider, Michigan State University, East Lansing 

Paper Race to the Bottom?: Evidence from Korean Welfare 

Spending 

Doo-Rae Kim, University of Seoul 

Overview: This study examines two prominent hypotheses in the 

welfare literature, race-to-the bottom and electoral dynamics, in 

the context of local welfare spending in Korea. 

Paper An Experimental Test of the Effects of Target Groups on 

Public Opinion 

Eric D. Lawrence, George Washington University 

Robert Stoker, George Washington University 

Harold Wolman, George Washington University 

Overview: With a survey experiment, we test Schneider and 

Ingram’s social construction typology by systematically varying 

target group and policy domain in a nationally representative 

survey. 

Paper Welfare Spending and Social Outcomes in the American 

States 

Patrick J. Flavin, University of Notre Dame 

Benjamin Radcliff, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: Do increased welfare expenditures lead to more 

desirable outcomes? Using pooled time-series data from the fifty 

United States, we examine the relationship between social 

spending and suicide rates, mental health indictors, and violent 

crime levels. 

Paper Discretion, Second-Order Devolution and the Implementation 

of TANF Sanction 

Byungkyu Kim, University of Kentucky 

Overview: I examine how second-order devolution influences the 

implementation of sanctions by expanding the discretion of case 

managers and giving more authority in designing and 

implementing sanctions to local governments in Kentucky, Ohio 

and Florida. 

Paper Welfare Reform and Medicaid: An Empirical Study, 1993 to 

2004 

Kyoungdon Park, SUNY, Albany 

Overview: The probabilities of receiving Medicaid for welfare 

recipient families are measured by logistic regressions and 

simulations with a longer time frame of 1993 - 2004 in order to 

examine unintended consequences of welfare reform in 1996. 

Disc. Saundra K. Schneider, Michigan State University, East Lansing 

47-3 DOES PARTICIPATION AFFECT POLICY? 


Chair Mark C. Rom, Georgetown University 

Paper Comparative Feminist Movements 

Shauna L. Shames, Harvard University 

Kristin Goss, Duke University 

Overview: Our study explores differences between the issue 

priorities of the feminist movements in the U.S. and in a range of 

nations to deduce a new comparative theory of women's 

movement policy priority development. 

Paper Maryland Takes On Wal-Mart: The New Role of Business in 

Antipoverty Policy 

Nicole D. Kazee, Yale University/Brookings Institution 

Overview: American antipoverty policy increasingly targets the 

working poor, which has implications for the businesses that 

employ them. This study uses the case of Maryland to ask about 

the new role these employers are playing in state welfare 

policymaking. 

Paper Policy Innovations from Below 

Heidi J. Swarts, Rutgers University, Newark 

Overview: In a hostile national context for national redistributive 

policies, two styles of grassroots community organizing have 

originated striking policy innovations and redistributed billions of 

dollars to programs that serve poor and working people. 

Paper U.S. Health Social Movements and Public Policy: Autism and 

Alzheimer's 

Gertrude A. Steuernagel, Kent State University 

Irene J. Barnett, Kent State University 

Overview: This is a comparative study of the autism movement 

and the Alzheimer’s movement as two health social movements 

(HSMs) attempting to impact public policy. Focus is placed on the 

grass roots origins of the movements, including their strategies 

and goals. 

Disc. Bertram Johnson, Middlebury College 

Suzanne Mettler, Syracuse University 

50-2 MANAGEMENT AND PERFORMANCE IN 

EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS (Co-sponsored 

with Public Policy, see 46-12) 


Chair Shannon Davis, University of Arkansas 

Paper Education Accountability Policy: Leaving Children Behind by 

Definition 

Randall Davies, Indiana University, South Bend 

Overview: Current educational policy mandates that schools be 

held accountable to ensure all students perform at grade level. 

This paper argues that the methods used to determine grade level 

proficiency by definition preclude the attainment of this standard. 

Paper Attempting to Reduce the Education Gap Related to Exit 

Examinations 

Giovanna Brasfield, Brasfield & Associates Marketing 

Overview: The purpose of this panel is to identify and discuss the 

organizational management practices and strategies that public 

administrators in selected school districts have used to assist 

students pass exit examinations. 

Paper Accountability in Higher Education 

Corey L. Farrar, Beloit College 

Alisa Hicklin, Texas A&M University 

Overview: The issue of accountability has sparked a rise in the use 

of performance measures for evaluating public agencies. This 

analysis will examine how the implementation of performance 

measures affects higher education systems in the United States. 

Paper Managing Undocumented Students: Does Illegal Immigration 

Affect Performance 

Gregory C. Hill, Boise State University 

Daniel Hawes, Texas A&M University 

Overview: This paper tests the effects of undocumented students 

on student performance in public schools. The analysis builds 

upon the public management literature, asking and addressing the 

question: Does management matter? 

Disc. Shannon Davis, University of Arkansas 

William Howell, University of Chicago 

50-17 THE CIVIL SERVICE: CAREERS, MOTIVATIONS, 

AND REFORM 


Chair Vicente C. Reyes, Centre for Research in Pedagogy and 

Practice-National Institute of Education 

Paper Civil Service Reforms in the U.S.: A Strategic Analysis 

Ali Farazmand, Florida Atlantic University 

Overview: Sheds light on the political economy of CSRs in the US 

administrative history,and now globalization. 

Paper Leaving the Hill: Congressional Staff Member Patterns of 

Career Change 

Jennifer M. Jensen, SUNY, Binghamton 

Overview: There has been little research on why House of 

Representatives staff members exit the workplace as quickly as 

they do. Using a survey of staffers in personal offices in 

Washington, I analyze the basic career trajectories of 

congressional staff. 

Paper Impact of Education on Clients' Expectations of Ghanaian 

Bureaucrats 

Christine N. Lokko, West Virginia University 

Overview: This paper examines the motivations of Ghanaian 

bureaucrats; particularly, the extent to which solidary, functional, 

Page | 89

pecuniary and familial preferences impact the behavior of 

Ghanaian bureaucrats. 

Paper Ambition, Opportunity, and Bureaucratic Policy Innovation 

Manny Teodoro, University of Michigan 

Overview: Bureaucrats’ career opportunities affect their policy 

goals. Administrators in careers where advancement requires 

changing employers push more professionally fashionable policies 

than those for whom advancement occurs within a single 

organization. 

Paper Public Sector Values in Denmark 

Karsten Vrangbaek, University of Copenhagen 

Overview: The paper analyzes survey data from public managers 

at all levels of the Danish public administration in order to create 

public value profiles. Variations in value profiles and potential 

erosion of traditional public sector values are discussed. 

Disc. Enamul Choudhury, Miami University 

Vicente C. Reyes, Centre for Research in Pedagogy and 


51-1 INSTITUTIONS AND PUBLIC POLICIES 


Chair Cal Jillson, Southern Methodist University 

Paper Science Gatekeepers: Federal Bureaucrats as Consumer 

Advocates 

Steve Bernardin, Harvard University 

Overview: The paper seeks to recall the evolution of boundaries 

between social activism and bureaucratic practices. It thus relates 

the current criticism of pro-consumer practices to the genesis of 

federal agencies in the 1960s. 

Paper The Crystallization of an Organizational Reputation: France 

Kelsey, Thalidomide and Consumer Protection 

Daniel Carpenter, Harvard University 

Overview: How can an organizational reputation be measured? 

How can one write its history, document its movements? I study 

the organizational reputation of the U.S. Food and Drug 

Administration (FDA) for consumer protection in the area of 

prescription pharmaceuticals. 

Paper Race, Citizenship and Territoriality: Lake Mohonk 

Conferences, Puerto Rico and American Political 

Development, 1900-1917 

Carlos Figueroa, New School for Social Research 

Overview: This paper explores the role of the Lake Mohonk 

Conference of Friends of the Indian and other Dependent Peoples 

(LMC) in its attempts to promote progressive reforms regarding 

U.S. * Puerto Rico affairs in the context of competing notions of 

citizenship and democracy on the one hand, and imperialist 

commitments on the other, in the years between the passage of the 

Foraker Act (1900) and the Jones Act (1917). 

Paper The Origin of Employment Protection in Germany and the 

United States 

June Park, University of Pittsburgh 

Overview: In this comparative historical study, I demonstrate that 

two countermajoritarian political institutions, competitive 

federalism and the strong judiciary, constrain the rise of 

government restrictions on employers' freedom of layoff. 

Paper Making Higher Education Affordable: Policy Design in Post- 

War America 

Patricia Strach, SUNY, Albany 

Overview: This paper examines how previous policies shape 

subsequent design in the same policy area by examining three 

major federal interventions to make higher education more 

affordable: the GI Bill of 1944, Pell Grants in 1972, and the Hope 

Scholarship of 1996. 

Disc. Edmund F. Wehrle, Eastern Illinois University 

Cal Jillson, Southern Methodist University 

Page | 90 

51-4 INSTITUTIONAL FOUNDATIONS OF ANTI- 

DISCRIMINATION POLITICS AND POLICIES 

Room Parlor C, 6 th Floor, Thur at 9:50 am 

Chair Scot Schraufnagel, University of Central Florida 

Paper Summer of '54: Frank Lausche and the Politics of Race 

William D. Angel, Ohio State University, Lima 

Overview: Paper examines Ohio's 1954 gubernatorial campaign. 

Analysis concentrates on the candidates' efforts to exploit African- 

American votes while ignoring expectations of black voters 

following Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. the Board of 

Education. 

Paper Black Politics Before the Vote 

Angelique Douyon Jessup, University of Michigan 

Overview: This paper is precisely concerned with local African 

American political strategies and modes of mobilization prior to 

the Voting Rights Act and Civil Rights Movement in the nonnorthern 

states. 

Paper Democracy at Home: Mexican Americans and the Origins of 

Anti-Discrimination Policy, 1941-1964 

Matthew Gritter, New School for Social Research 

Overview: Through a case study of Mexican Americans and antidiscrimination 

policy during World War II, this paper provides a 

fresh look at the origins of civil rights policy. 

Paper Presidential Leadership and Housing Segregation 

Charles M. Lamb, SUNY, Buffalo 

Adam W. Nye, SUNY, Buffalo 

Overview: This paper surveys early federal fair housing policy 

from the Truman through the Kennedy administrations, integrates 

those findings with prior research from the Johnson through the 

Clinton administrations, and develops a model of presidential 

leadership. 

Paper Early Twentieth Century Race Discrimination Cases in State 

Supreme Courts 

Francine S. Romero, University of Texas, San Antonio 

Overview: Examines the record of state supreme courts in 

responding to plaintiffs' claims of race discrimination by public 

and private parties in the period from 1907-1934. 

Disc. Shamira M. Gelbman, University of Virginia 

Patrick S. Roberts, Virginia Tech University 

53-1 RELIGION AND POLITICS IN LATIN AMERICA 


Chair Maurice Eisenstein, Purdue University, Calumet 

Paper Latin American Evangelicals' Attitudes about the U.S. Role in 

the World 

Ruth M. Melkonian-Hoover, Gordon College 

Dennis R. Hoover, Institute for Global Engagement 

Overview: This paper investigates the attitudes of Latin American 

evangelicals about the U.S. role in the world, utilizing the 2002 

Pew Global Attitudes Survey data and testing the impact of 

evangelical religion alongside demographic and globalization 

variables. 

Paper Reverse Mission: Transnational Religion and American 

Foreign Policy 

Timothy A. Byrnes, Colgate University 

Overview: There is a tension between states and transnational 

entities that stake claims of authority that challenge the very 

foundation of state-based politics. This paper examines these 

tensions within the context of communities of Catholic priests and 

nuns. 

Disc. Maurice Eisenstein, Purdue University, Calumet

53-12 ISLAM IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE 

Room Parlor H, 6 th Floor, Thur at 9:50 am 

Chair Emilia Powell, Georgia Southern University 

Paper The Place Attributed to Islam in Turkish Nationalism on the 

Party Level 

Alper Bilgili, Sabanci University 

Nazli C. Sahin, Sabanci University 

Overview: The place of Islam in Turkish nationalism is not simple 

to search for. While Islam has always been a crucial aspect of this 

feeling of nationalism, the official Republican ideology has tried 

hard not to save any place for it within this ideology. 

Paper Religiopolitical Issues and Participation in Contemporary 

Indonesia 

Jennifer L. Epley, University of Michigan 

Overview: This paper will examine the relationship between 

individual-level political participation and different aspects of 

Muslim religious identity in Indonesia during the post-1998 

period. Supporting data comes from a mixed-methods approach. 

Paper When Does Religion Become Politically Salient in Sub- 

Saharan Africa? 

John F. McCauley, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: This study explores the conditions that make religion 

an important cleavage in African politics. Religious segregation 

along geographical lines, rather than individual religiosity or 

choice of religion, emerges as the critical factor. 

Disc. Rebekah Tromble, Indiana University 

Emilia Powell, Georgia Southern University 

59-2 PUBLIC OPINION IN THE CONTEXT OF SEXUAL 

ORIENTATION 


Chair Patrick J. Egan, Princeton University 

Paper Contact, Context, and Support for an Anti-Gay Rights 

Referendum 

Jay Barth, Hendrix College 

Scott H. Huffmon, Winthrop University 

Marvin Overby, University of Missouri 

Overview: Our study examines how various forms of personal 

contact and community context affect public attitudes toward the 

2006 South Carolina referendum to alter the state constitution to 

ban same sex marriage. 

Paper Crisis Management in the Mark Foley Scandal 

Robert L. Dion, University of Evansville 

Overview: Just before the 2006 elections, the Foley scandal 

caused a media feeding frenzy. This paper examines the content 

of that coverage by studying the language and frames used by 

journalists and political elites in defining this unfolding issue. 

Paper Public Opinion on Homosexuality: Differences in Behavior vs. 

Identity 

Shawn R. Schulenberg, University of California, Riverside 

Overview: Public opinion on homosexuality has gradually 

warmed, but differences may exist depending on the questions 

framing. Do responses differ between the person vs. the sex act? 

This paper will examine this question, its causes, and implications. 

Paper Gender, Sexual Orientation, and Torture in the Global War 

on Terror 

Janelle Wong, University of Southern California 

Dara Strolovitch, University of Minnesota 

Overview: This paper examines public attitudes toward the use of 

sexual humiliation in the interrogation methods deployed in the 

Global War on Terror (GWOT). 

Disc. Doug Strand, University of California, Berkeley 

63-2 IMMIGRATION AND LATINO POLITICS 

Room Parlor J, 6 th Floor, Thur at 9:50 am 

Chair Rene R. Rocha, University of Iowa 

Paper Militarization and the Criminalization of Transnational 

Migrants in the U.S., Mexico and El Salvador 

Alfonso Gonzales, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: Paper presents a case of study of state-elite discourse 

on immigrants during the debate over H.R. 4437. Case study is 

part of a larger dissertation project that looks at how state 

rationalize the production of violence against transnational 

(im)migrants. 

Paper Immigrant and U.S. Born Latino Empowerment 

Jose D. Villalobos, Texas A&M University 

Overview: I consider whether immigrants feel less empowered 

than their U.S. born compatriots because of a disconnect in 

representational linkages or if group dynamics help to decrease 

feelings of alienation. 

Paper Mexican Immigrants' Political Suitcases: Partisanship and 

Democratic Values 

Sergio C. Wals, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Overview: Using survey data, this paper tests the imported 

socialization theory (Wals 2006) on Mexican immigrants. It shows 

that Mexican party ID and prior views on democracy are key to 

understanding these immigrants' political behavior once in the US. 

Disc. Julia Albarracin, Western Illinois University 

Page | 91

Thursday, April 12 – 12:45 pm – 2:20 pm 

1-113 ROUNDTABLE: HAVING AND DOING IT ALL: 

ACHIEVING A WORK-LIFE BALANCE (Cosponsored 

with Midwest Women's Caucus, see 57-102) 

Room Red Lacquer, 4 th Floor, Thur at 12:45 pm 

Chair Christina Wolbrecht, University of Notre Dame 

Panelist Lynne E. Ford, College of Charleston 

Trudy Steuernagel, Kent State University 

Michael Brintnall, American Political Science Association 

Lisa Baldez, Dartmouth University 

Overview: This roundtable will discuss strategies for successful 

balance of professional and personal goals and responsibilities. 

2-2 CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND VARIETIES OF 

CAPITALISM 

Room Salon 1, 3 rd Floor, Thur at 12:45 pm 

Chair Ronald Rogowski, University of California, Los Angeles 

Paper The Labor Market Determinants of Corporate Governance 

Reform 

Roger M. Barker, Oxford University 

David Rueda, Oxford University 

Overview: This paper analyses how change in labor markets 

impacts on corporate governance, and the interaction of any such 

change with partisanship 

Paper The Business of Backlash: The Peculiar Counterattack on 

Post-Enron Corporate Governance and Accounting Reforms 

John W. Ciotti, University of California, Riverside 

Overview: Business elites have attacked post-Enron corporate 

governance and accounting reforms as inefficient. Contrary to the 

rhetoric, the business backlash was triggered by anti-regulatory 

ideology and interests in preserving managerial power. 

Paper Why Do People Pay More Under Proportional Systems? 

Electoral Systems, Corporate Governance and Price 

Jaekwon Suh, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: This paper explains cross–national variation of 

competitive price levels measured by purchasing power parity 

(PPP). The theoretical contribution of the paper is to show firm’s 

price-asking behavior in a certain political environment. 

Disc. Ronald Rogowski, University of California, Los Angeles 

3-2 CORRUPTION AND RENT-SEEKING 


Chair Jorge Bravo, Duke University 

Paper Corruption in Latin America: Political, Economic, and 

Institutional Causes 

Lauren V. Biddle, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Overview: This paper examines the political, economic, structural, 

and institutional variables that affect perceptions of governmental 

corruption in modern Latin America using a statistical analysis of 

pooled cross-sectional time series data. 

Paper How Does Vote Buying Affect Voters’ Perceptions of Political 

Corruption? A Cross-National Study Among Developing 

Countries 

Tetsuya Fujiwara, Michigan State University 

Overview: This paper examines the impact of vote buying on 

voters’ perceptions of political corruption. When benefits transfer 

from politicians to voters, it is hard to see how those benefits 

influence corruption perceptions. I try to clarify this ambiguity. 

Paper Rent-Seeking and the Search for Political Stability 

Susanne D. Michalik, University of Konstanz 

Laura Seelkopf, University of Konstanz 

Overview: This study looks at the interaction of the two main 

goals of politicians, staying in office and rent-seeking. 

Page | 92 

Paper Rethinking Political Power in Political Economy of Partial 

Reforms 

Qi Zhang, Northwestern University 

Mingxing Liu, Peking University 

Overview: Given reforming policies from the center, local 

officials only implement those which benefit them and oppose 

those which reduce their rent-seeking capacity. Our hypothesis is 

confirmed by empirical evidence by examining partial reform in 

rural China. 

Disc. Daniel Gingerich, Princeton University 


3-17 POLITICAL ECONOMY IN THE DEVELOPING 

WORLD 


Chair Lauren M. Duquette, University of Chicago 

Paper Democracy and Child Mortality: An Indirect Effect 


Overview: This paper studies the impact of the size of the winning 

coalition on the under-five mortality rate. The results indicate that 

as the size of the winning coalition increases child mortality drops. 

Paper Red Carpets or Iron Gates? The Political Economy of FDI 

Regulation 

Sinziana P. Dorobantu, Duke University 

Overview: The paper investigates the political determinants of 

national policy frameworks governing the entry and operations of 

foreign-owned companies in developing countries. 

Paper Logic of Financial Regulatory Reform in Mexico and South 

Korea 

Heon Joo Jung, University of Pennsylvania 

Overview: This paper examines institutional design and change of 

financial regulatory systems as responses to economic crises in 

Mexico and South Korea by taking seriously the interaction 

between international forces and public attention. 

Paper State-Business Conflict and the Role of Reputation 

Nimah Mazaheri, University of Washington 

Overview: This paper examines state-business conflict during 

economic development programs by focusing on the role that 

reputation plays in the context of informal economic institutions. 

Disc. Lauren M. Duquette, University of Chicago 

3-26 TO SERVE AND PROTECT? THE POLITICAL 

ECONOMY 

Room PDR 4, 3 rd Floor, Thur at 12:45 pm 

Chair Irfan Nooruddin, Ohio State University 

Paper Political Violence: Can It Explain Africa’s Development? 

Cristina Bodea, Michigan State University 

Ibrahim A. Elbadawi, The World Bank 

Overview: This paper assesses whether various types of organized 

political violence (wars, coups, violent protest) have a differential 

impact on growth and overall human development, and whether 

and how the African continent is different in this regard. 

Paper Collateral Damage: War, Infrastructure, and Public Health 

Zaryab Iqbal, University of South Carolina 

Overview: This paper investigates the effect of violent conflict on 

the health achievement of states, and shows that a substantial 

fraction of the overall health impact of war can be attributed to its 

destructive potential. 

Paper Insurgency and Credible Commitment in Autocracies and 

Democracies 

Philip Keefer, The World Bank 

Overview: This paper argues that political actors’ inability to 

commit credibly to broad segments of society makes conflict more 

likely. Empirical tests indicate the importance of institutionalized 

political parties for dampening the threat of conflict.

Paper Government Response to Crisis: Risk Propensities and Social 

Protection 

Irfan Nooruddin, Ohio State University 

Joel W. Simmons, University of Michigan 

Overview: Exposure to world markets increases developing 

country risk. Why do governments choose to accept such risk and 

how do they protect citizens from it? Arguments are tested using 

cross-national time-series data. 

Paper Famine Mortality and Rational Political Inactivity 

Thomas Plumper, University of Essex and Max-Planck Institute 

of Economics 

Eric Neumayer, London School of Economics and Political 

Science 

Overview: This paper develops a theory of famine mortality, 

arguing politically rational governments, democratic or not, will 

remain inactive in the face of potential famine mortality if action 

would lead to greater loss of political support than inaction. 

Disc. Carew Boulding, University of California, San Diego 

4-301 POSTER SESSION: TRANSITIONS TO 

DEMOCRACY 

Room Exhibit Hall, 4 th Floor, Thur at 12:45 pm 

Presenter Islam and Politics: Attitudes towards Democracy in Muslim 

World 

(Board 1) 

Dilshod Achilov, University of Arizona 

Shakhnoza Kayumova, Daisy Education Corporation 

Overview: Does Islam hinder or promote democracy? Is Islam a 

deterring factor to a path towards democratization, or to the 

contrary, a stimulant to build a free society? Current empirical 

study seeks to answer these rather salient questions in world 

politics 

Presenter The Future of Freedom: Is Tertiary Female Education 

Contributing to Liberalization in Arab Countries? 

(Board 2) 

Bozena C. Welborne, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Overview: This paper outlines how the institutionalization of 

female education in a subset of Muslim Arab countries may be 

contributing to greater equality in the political realm. 

Presenter The Media Feeding on the Social Cleavage Discourse 

Constructed by the State 

(Board 3) 

Nazli C. Sahin, Sabanci University 

Alper Bilgili, Sabanci University 

Overview: Analyzing the data from surveys already performed 

across the country, the main aim is to show that the frequently 

mentioned social cleavage– and even conflict according to some- 

between the secularists and Islamists in Turkey is a constructed 

one. 

Presenter Symbolic Gestures and Government Evaluations in New 

Democracies 

(Board 4) 

Katsuo A. Nishikawa, Purdue University 

Overview: I examine data from an imbedded panel/cross-sectional 

survey experiment (N=1921) conducted in Baja California that 

measure the effect of symbolic gestures by the state development 

office on assessment of government performance 

Presenter Party On: Politicians and Opportunists in a Mexican State 

(Board 5) 

Lynda K. Barrow, Coe College 

Overview: While democratization has made electoral choices 

more significant, frequently changing party allegiances even 

among elected officials renders these choices less meaningful. 

Partisan shifts within the state congress of Morelos illustrate this 

point. 

Presenter Think Globally Act Locally: Comparison of Overseas Federal 

Election Voters 

(Board 6) 

Victoria A. Doyon, Overseas Vote Foundation 

Overview: Survey results provide insightful evidence to examine 

affects of variation in state-level policies on voter 

enfranchisement, categorize and explain comparative differences, 

and to recommend methods for democratizing the U.S. federal 

election system. 

Presenter Legal Aspects of Harmonization of Provare and Public 

Interests in Russia 

(Board 7) 

Marina Victorovna Nemytina, Interregional Public 

Organization "Legal Reform Project Center" 

Overview: The report deals with tendencies of legal development 

of Russia. A concept of harmonization of private and public 

interests is suggested. The author singles out stages of this 

process. 

Presenter Path to Democracy in Central Asia 

(Board 8) 

Sherzod A. Abdukadirov, George Mason University 

Overview: Authoritarianism in the Central Asian states is as much 

a result of their clan-based political structure as of presidential 

system. A shift to a parliamentary system and electoral rules 

promoting strong parties would counter authoritarian tendencies. 

Presenter Evaluating Opportunity Structures in Uzbekistan and 

Kyrgyzstan Opposition 

(Board 9) 

Andrew M. Akin, University of Alabama 

Overview: This paper evaluates the opportunity structures of 

opposition movements in Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan in light of 

their divergent paths in transition following the Tulip Revolution 

in Kyrgyzstan and violent crackdown in Uzbekistan. 

Presenter Oil, Politics and Justice on Sakhalin Island 

(Board 10) 

Graeme P. Auton, University of Redlands 

Jeremy Tasch, University of Alaska, Anchorage 

Overview: Sakhalin Island in Russia's Far East is a case study of 

the incompatible demands of democratization and economic 

development, with cross-cutting dynamics of globalization, oil 

politics, relations with Moscow, and environmental concerns. 

Presenter Post-Civil War Democratization: Does Negotiated Settlement 

Lead to Institutionalized Democracy? 

(Board 11) 

Madhav R. Joshi, University of North Texas 

Overview: This study questions to what extent the negotiated 

settlement of civil war leads to promotion of institutionalized 

democracy in post-civil war states. 

Presenter Political Democracy, Governance and the Quality of 

Democracy 

(Board 12) 

Krystin Krause, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: This paper seeks to add to the discussion of the quality 

of democracy by investigating the relationship between political 

democracy and governance, arguing that high levels of 

governance are a necessary but not sufficient condition for high 

levels of the government. 

Presenter The Spread of Freedom and Democracy: How and Why 

(Board 13) 

Robert M. Sanders, University of West Georgia 

Overview: Since freedom is the single most important element of 

an advanced society, this paper examines the philosophical 

grounds for the promulgation of free societies and a course by 

which this goal may be accomplished. 

Presenter Parallel Political Authorities and Democratization in Ghana 

(Board 14) 

Jasper Ayelazuno, York University 

Overview: Based on the Weberian concept of the state, some 

transitologists have made some generalizations on the progress of 

democratization in Ghana. But the existence of authoritarian 

parallel traditional political institutions belies these prepositions. 

Page | 93

7-3 MISSION IMPOSSIBLE? A COMMON FOREIGN 

POLICY FOR EUROPE 

Room Sandburg 7, 7 th Floor, Thur at 12:45 pm 

Chair Madeleine O. Hosli, Leiden University 

Paper Civilian Power or EUtopia? An Analysis of the EU's Foreign 

Policy Discourse 

Christian Burckhardt, Oxford University 

Overview: The European Union's foreign policy is frequently 

portrayed in the literature as driven by ideational dynamics. The 

paper conducts a discourse analysis to find out whether this view 

is actually shared by EU officials. 

Paper Institutional Failure or Commitment Mechanism? EU Foreign 

Policy and Russia 

Irina M. Busygina, MGIMO 

Overview: The paper argues that unanimity with “constructive 

abstention” is a method of preserving commitment of all members 

of the EU when they deal with the most important challenges of 

foreign policy. The EU policy toward Russia illustrates the 

argument. 

Paper Member State Preferences Matter: Foreign Policy Gridlock in 

the EU 

Matthew P. Cherry, University of Iowa 

Overview: This research systematically addresses the question of 

why the EU has found it difficult to develop a common foreign 

policy. 

Paper Causes of Consensus in CFSP: Preference Convergence or 

Strategic Selection? 

Leanne C. Powner, University of Michigan 

Overview: Is the lack of dissensus in EU foreign policy 

cooperation the result of preference convergence, as 

constructivists suggest, or a rationalist selection mechanism? 

Paper News Framing and Public Support for a Common Foreign and 

Security Policy 

Claes H. DeVreese, University of Amsterdam 

Anna Kandyla, University of Amsterdam 

Overview: A study of how news media framing can affect public 

support for a CFSP. Results are discussed in the light of the EU’s 

legitimacy problems. 

Disc. Claes H. DeVreese, University of Amsterdam 

8-3 INSTITUTIONAL INSTABILITY IN LATIN 

AMERICA 


Chair Gretchen Helmke, University of Rochester 

Paper Presidential Crises and Popular Protest in Latin America 

Anibal Perez-linan, University of Pittsburg 

Overview: An analysis of executive-legislative crises after the 

third wave of democratization shows that popular mobilization has 

consistently tipped the balance against the Executive branch. 

Paper The Durability of Constitutions in Changing Environments: A 

Study on Constitutional Stability in Latin America 

Gabriel L. Negretto, CIDE, Mexico 

Overview: A survival model of the determinants of constitutional 

durability in Latin America from 1946 to 2000 shows that 

institutional design and political conflict are the most important 

factors affecting the lifespan of constitutions. 

Paper The Institutional Instability Trap: A Game Theoretic 

Approach to Inter-Branch Conflict in Latin America 

Gretchen Helmke, University of Rochester 

Overview: A fundamental feature of institutional instability is that 

tends to recur. To explain this apparent institutional instability 

“trap,” the paper develops and tests a game theoretic model of 

inter-branch crisis. 

Paper Veto Players, the Policymaking Process, and Policy Stability in 

Latin America 

Carlos Pereira, Michigan State University 

Shane P. Singh, Michigan State University 

Overview: This study builds a model that predicts policy stability 

as a function of veto players' tenure in office. While the existence 

of certain veto players leads to stability the duration of veto 

players also negatively affects the level of policy stability. 

Disc. Mark Jones, Rice University 

Barbara Geddes, University of California, Los Angeles 

Page | 94 

9-301 POSTER SESSION: FRONTIERS OF ASIAN 

POLITICAL RESEARCH 


Presenter South Korea’s New Passion for Free Trade Agreements 

(Board 15) 

Jung In Jo, Lee University 

Overview: This paper investigates how different factors contribute 

to South Korea’s rush to conclude Free Trade Agreements. 

Presenter China's Political Participation Decline and Institutional 

Transformation 

(Board 16) 

Diqing Lou, Texas A&M University 

Overview: This paper examines the decline in China’s urban 

political participation in the past decade, and we found this 

participation decline can be explained by the institutional 

transformation brought by current economic reform and 

development. 

Presenter Muslim Participation in Indian Democracy 

(Board 17) 

Jane Menon, University of Michigan 

Overview: Are Islam and democracy compatible? Given recent 

events on the world stage, the willingness of Muslims to embrace 

democracy has been openly challenged. To answer this question 

more fully, I propose a study of Muslim participation in Indian 

democracy. 

10-1 AFRICA'S INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 


Chair Leslie O. Omoruyi, East Carolina University 

Paper The Horn of Africa: Laboratory for Regressive Political 

Choices 

Tseggai Isaac, University of Missouri, Rolla 

Overview: For more than thirty years, the Horn of Africa has 

experienced political violence claiming millions of lives. The 

worrisome aspect of this violence is that it seems to grow worse at 

every decade. Sustained intervention by such powers as the 

European Union. 

Paper Characteristics of Least Developed Country Investment 

Ryan J. Gibb, University of Kansas 

Overview: My project investigates the characteristics of firms 

investing in Least Developed Countries within the regions of 

South and East Africa. Using firm-level analysis, I examine the 

qualities of LDC public and private ownership. 

Paper U.S.-African Energy Security: The Impact of Human Security 

and Governance 

Joshua D. Swartsel, United States Military Academy 

Overview: How will African human security and political 

governance issues impact the U.S.’s ability to gain access to 

African energy resources? What strategy should the U.S. 

implement to ameliorate these factors that could threaten U.S. 

energy access? 

Paper Environmental Critics of Globalization and Local Processes in 

Africa 

Ngeta Kabiri, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Overview: This study uses local level case studies to examine the 

proposition that globalization has aided biodiversity conservation 

in more ways than it has undermined the same (the question of 

whether this has been by default or design notwithstanding). 

Disc. Sue J. Nahm, Columbia University 

11-1 AUTHORITARIAN RULE AND PROSPECTS FOR 

DEMOCRACY IN THE MIDDLE EAST 

Room Sandburg 4,7 th Floor, Thur at 12:45 pm 

Chair Debra L. Shulman, Yale University 

Paper Why do Authoritarians Hold Elections?: Theory and 

Evidence from Egypt 

Lisa Blaydes, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: I argue that semi-competitive elections in Egypt 

provide a myriad of functions for the authoritarian regime, only 

some of which have been previously described and many of which 

have been underemphasized or empirically untested.

Paper Durable Authoritarianism in Jordan and Kuwait: The Role of 

External Actors 

Sean L. Yom, Harvard University 

Overview: This paper explains the durability of authoritarianism 

in Jordan and Kuwait by investigating the role of international 

powers in supporting the incumbent regime during periods of 

domestic crisis. 

Paper EU Leverage in the Implementation of Human Rights 

Reforms in Turkey 

Aziza Khatoon, University of Chicago 

Overview: I will critically analyze Turkey’s human rights reforms 

while simultaneously assess the role the European Union has 

played in bringing about progressive change within Turkey’s 

human rights policy. 

Paper The Effect of Liberalization on Public Opinion Towards 

Democracy in Algeria 

Michael D. H. Robbins, University of Michigan 

Mark Tessler, University of Michigan 

Overview: We examine the effect of political liberalization on 

beliefs and attitudes in society in Algeria using panel data from 

2002-2006. 

Paper Public Religion: Burden or Blessing for Democracy in the 

Muslim World? 

Mojtaba Mahdavi, University of Alberta 

Overview: The relocation of religious institutions from state to 

civil society is required for democracy but should not be 

interpreted as the privatization of religion. A civil public religion 

can contribute to democratization of religion and politics. 

Disc. Matt Evans, Northwestern University 

12-1 THE 2004 AND 2006 CANADIAN ELECTIONS 

Room Parlor H, 6 th Floor, Thur at 12:45 pm 

Chair Laura B. Stephenson, University of Western Ontario 

Paper Competition, Campaign Finance, and Turnout 

James W. Endersby, University of Missouri 

Steven E. Galatas, Stephen F. Austin State University 

Overview: This paper investigates the effects of campaign 

expenditures on voter turnout in the 2004 and 2006 Canadian 

federal elections. Constituency-level expenditures more closely 

related to mobilization (canvassing) are more strongly related to 

turnout. 

Paper The Canadian Federal Election of 2006: The Agenda-Setting 

Battle 

Catherine Cote, University of Ottawa 

Overview: We shall evaluate the Canadian federal election 

campaign of 2006 using a three-dimensional approach based on 

the three phases of communication. What message did the parties 

want, how was this transmitted, and how was it perceived? 

Paper Linguistic and Aboriginal Representation in Canada 

David I. Lublin, American University 

Antoine Yoshinaka, University of California, Riverside 

Overview: In this paper we uncover the factors that lead to the 

election of linguistic and aboriginal minority candidates in 

Canada. We show that the socioeconomic and demographic 

makeup of ridings affect the fortunes of minority candidates. 

Paper Non-Results and a Few Results from Exit Polling in Canada, 

January 2006 

Tony L. Hill, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 

Overview: Exit polling is established in the U.S. but largely 

unknown in Canada. This paper explores the limited results of an 

exit poll in Canada in 2006 and the impediments that keep exit 

polling from revealing much about Canadian electoral behavior. 

Disc. Laura B. Stephenson, University of Western Ontario 

13-301 POSTER SESSION: POST-COMMUNIST POLITICS 


Presenter Aid Distribution from the World Bank and EBRD to the 

Postcommunist States 

(Board 18) 

Jennifer Romine, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Overview: My paper compares factors of aid distribution from the 

World Bank and EBRD to the postcommunist states. The EBRD 

distributes aid based on economic and international factors while 

the World Bank distributes aid based on domestic political factors. 

Presenter Religious Attachment and Political Participation in Post- 

Communist Europe 

(Board 19) 

David O. Rossbach, Texas A&M University 

Alexander Pacek, Texas A&M University 

Overview: This paper examines the effects of religious 

identification on political participation in Eastern Europe and 

argues that the effects depend on the relationship of the Church to 

the former regime and the role it played in the transition to 

democracy. 

Presenter Neo-Liberal Supra-Territoriality in Central and Eastern 

Europe 

(Board 20) 

Petia Kostadinova, University of Florida 

Overview: A study of the interactions between neo-liberal 

economic policies and supra-territorial globalization in six postcommunist 

countries, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, 

Poland, Romania and Slovakia. 

14-13 POLITICAL ISSUES IN INTERNATIONAL 

DEVELOPMENT 


Chair Daniel L. Nielson, Brigham Young University 

Paper Economic Development and Sectarian Violence in India 

Krishna Manek, University of Cincinnati 

Overview: One of the major challenges facing the economic 

reforms and growth initiated in India is sectarian violence. This 

paper will attempt to study the aspect of sectarian violence in 

India and its probable impeding impact towards the economic 

growth. 

Paper Primary Commodities and State Extractive Capacity in Sub- 

Saharan Africa 

Cameron G. Thies, University of Missouri 

Overview: I examine the effect of primary commodities on state 

tax revenue extraction in ethnically fragmented societies. I find 

evidence of both the resource curse and the stimulative effect of 

resource-based internal challenges on state revenue extraction. 

Paper Highly Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Initiative: Are Policy 

Reforms Helpful? 

Moye G. Bongyu, Jackson State University 

Overview: Many developing countries have been suffocating 

under the debt burden to the extent that they cannot satisfy the 

basic needs of the citizens. Substantial efforts have been made to 

disentangle these poor countries from the vicious debt-poverty 

trap. 

Paper Economic Inequality from Political Economy Perspective 

Aticha Suebsawangkul, University of Missouri, St. Louis 

Overview: The paper will answer what economic inequality is. 

How and why is it important? What can be the evidence for and 

against the proposition that it affects politics? What the 

government should do and what kind of public policy should be 

implemented? 

Disc. Julia C. Gray, University of California, Los Angeles 

15-2 DOMESTIC INSTITUTIONS AND HUMAN RIGHTS 


Chair Darren Hawkins, Brigham Young University 

Paper Domestic Enforcement of Human Rights Treaties via 

International Action 

Emily H. Ritter, Emory University 

Overview: When ratifying human rights treaties, a state signals to 

the populations of other states that it respects human rights, which 

uses this to support or oppose critical interaction in economic gain 

or security with the ratifying state. 

Paper Transnational Networks and National Human Rights 

Institutional Changes 

Dongwook Kim, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: I seek to explain the global diffusion of national human 

rights institutions from 1978 to 2005. What explains the process 

and the timing of country adoption of government institutions that 

are designed to protect and promote human rights in society? 

Page | 95

Paper Workers and Democracy:Labor Rights and International 

Institutions in South Korea 

Susan L. Kang, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities 

Overview: In the paper, I argue that despite lack of strong 

enforcement powers, international institutions were able to 

influence the South Korean government to better protect and 

codify basic labor rights. 

Paper International Influences on Domestic Decisions of Transitional 

Justice 

Sara E. Dahill-Brown, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Leigh A. Payne, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Courtney J. Hillebrecht, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Tricia D. Olsen, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Andrew G. Reiter, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: This paper measures the impact of international civil 

society on the domestic transitional justice decisions. Specifically, 

it seeks to understand the relationship between INGOs and the 

adoption of particular transitional justice mechanisms. 

Disc. Darren Hawkins, Brigham Young University 

15-201 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: THE DOMESTIC 

POLITICS OF INTELLIGENCE REFORM 

Room State, 4 th Floor, Table 1, Thur at 12:45 pm 

Presenter Understanding the Cyclical Relationship Between the 

President and the Intelligence Community 

Elizabeth Grimm, Georgetown University 

Overview: The Intelligence Community has vacillated between a 

symbiotic relationship with the policy-making arm of the 

executive branch to an adversarial rapport. This study develops a 

model of this rapport to understand the junctures of executive 

influence. 

Presenter The Politics of Intelligence: The Politicization of Intelligence 

Since 9/11 

Robert D. Stacey, Regent University 

Overview: This paper examines three cases to help establish and 

understand the awkward and sometimes debilitating relationship 

between the professional intelligence community and the more 

political decision makers in the United States in the post-9/11 era. 

15-202 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: RELIGION, 

POLITICS, AND FOREIGN POLICY 


Presenter US Catholic Clergy and the War in Iraq 

Benedict E. DeDominicis, Wright State University, Lake Campus 

Overview: The study examines American nationalism and the 

increasing religiousity of American politics in the form of 

identification with religious communities while examining Ohio 

politics as a campaign battleground state. 

Presenter Christian Zionism, Ideology, and American Foreign Policy 

Robert O. Smith, Baylor University 

Overview: How does American Christian Zionism inform and 

influence US Middle East policy, especially post-9/11? The 

movement’s ideology taps deep currents of American experience 

and offers a unique supplement to traditional pro-Israel lobbies. 

16-3 SECURITY NORMS AND TABOOS 


Chair Andrew C. Richter, University of Windsor 

Paper When Norms Matter and U.S. Sanctions Against Strategic 

Partners 

Charles W. Walldorf, Jr., Auburn University 

Overview: When do norms matter? This paper offers a nuanced 

constructivist explanation to answer this question in the context of 

U.S. relations with South Africa, Greece, and Turkey during the 

Cold War. 

Paper Losing Afghanistan: Unlearned Lessons of Past Wars 

Jacob F. English, InterMedia: Global Research 

Overview: International military forces have made mistakes that 

closely reflect those of past conflicts. This study tracks changes in 

public sentiment, strength of insurgents, and the phenomenon of 

defining success in terms of body count in the war on terror. 

Disc. Olga Bogatyrenko, University of California, Davis 

Page | 96 

17-3 MEDIATION AND CONFLICT MANAGEMENT 


Chair Renato Corbetta, University of Alabama, Birmingham 

Paper The Power to Enforce? International Organizations and 

Conflict Management 

Megan Shannon, University of Mississippi 

Overview: I investigate the ability of international organizations to 

mitigate commitment problems surrounding conflict management. 

Using data on territorial claims, I explore if the active involvment 

of IOs helps disputants reach and comply with agreements. 

Paper Who’s Using Whom? Strategic Bargaining and Civil War 

Mediation 

Richard W. Frank, SUNY, Binghamton 

Overview: In contrast to recent research, I argue that the 

occurrence and timing of mediation is driven more by the 

conflicting parties than the external mediator. I incorporate lessons 

from the interstate bargaining literature in creating a bargaining 

theory. 

Paper Third Party Mediation: Which States Get Invited? 

Jaclyn D. Streitfeld, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Shweta Moorthy, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Overview: This paper will look at the ‘demand-side’ of conflict 

mediation and seeks to find what criteria disputants use to select 

certain third party mediator state(s) for a conflict. 

Paper An Integrated Model of International Mediation: Who 

Mediates, and How? 

Bernd Beber, Columbia University 

Overview: How do mediators become involved in international 

conflicts, and how does this affect mediator effectiveness? This 

paper presents an integrated game-theoretic model of both the 

selection and the implementation stage of mediation. 

Disc. Resat Bayer, Koc University 

17-201 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: ISRAEL/PALESTINE 

CONFLICT 


Presenter The Internal Politics of Insurgency: Reflections from the 

Palestinian Case 

Wendy Pearlman, Harvard University 

Overview: Most appreciate that a national movement’s unity 

affects its success. This essay theorizes how it shapes its methods 

as well. A study of the Palestinian case, it reconceptualizes 

political fragmentation and its impact on conflict processes. 

17-202 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: LEARNING TO BE A 

TERRORIST 


Presenter Reading, Writing and Arithmetic: Understanding Terrorist 

Group Learning 

William J. Josiger, Georgetown University 

Overview: How can law enforcement, intelligence professionals 

and policy makers exploit a greater understanding of terrorist 

group learning to disrupt these groups and prevent future attacks? 

Presenter Volatile Breeding Grounds: The Origins of Terrorist Tactics 

in the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood 

Christine M. Sixta, University of South Carolina 

Overview: Why did the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood digress 

from a social movement to a terrorist organization? This case 

study is the first chapter in a dissertation that seeks to understand 

why social movements resort to the use of terrorist tactics. 

18-3 MANAGING THE RISE OF CHINA 


Chair Vincent Wei-chengWang, University of Richmond 

Paper Resisting U.S. Pressure: Changes and Continuity of China’s 

Exchange Rate Policy 

Tun-jen Cheng, College of William and Mary 

Dan Maliniak, College of William and Mary 

Overview: This paper contends that China’s astute deployment of 

trade benefits to key players in the U.S. and China’s ability to 

frame the issue in neo-liberal terms neutralized exchange rate 

policy hawks in the U.S.

Paper Managing Challenges to China’s Grand Strategy: Korea, 

Taiwan, and the South China Sea 

Yuan-Kang Wang, Northern Illinois University 

Overview: This paper shows that China has been crafting a grand 

strategy that combines elements of internal balancing and external 

“soft balancing” to counter American preponderance of power. 

Paper Changes in Japan's Security Policies: Riding the Third Image 

Daniel Unger, Northern Illinois University 

Overview: This paper identifies institutional, normative and 

structural determinants of the changing Japanese security policies. 

Paper Gazing Eagle, Hiding Dragon: The Transparency Discourse in 

Contemporary U.S.-China Relations 

James J. Marquardt, Lake Forest College 

Andreea Petre, Lake Forest College 

Overview: Transparency is the world of the moment in 

international relations. This paper is a textual analysis of 

American and Chinese official statements on the importance of 

"greater openness and transparency" in this bilateral relationship. 

Disc. Yongwook Ryu, Harvard University 

Vincent Wei-chengWang, University of Richmond 

19-2 THE DETERMINANTS OF INSTITUTIONALIZED 

COOPERATION 

Room Clark 10, 7 th Floor, Thur at 12:45 pm 

Chair Brett V. Benson, Vanderbilt University 

Paper Encompassing Institutions and International Public Goods 

William T. Phelan, Middlebury College 

Overview: This paper proposes an explanation for costly 

international cooperation by rationalist, egoist states without 

hegemony or specific reciprocity, relying instead on the 

encompassing nature of internal political organization of 

participating states. 

Paper The Determinants of Institutionalization in International 

Relations 

Sebastian Rosato, University of Notre Dame 

Robert T. Brathwaite, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: This paper provides a competitive test of three major 

approaches (realist, liberal, and constructivist) to explaining 

variation in the depth and scope of international institutions in the 

modern period (1750-2000). 

Paper Depth, Compliance, and the Design of Regional Trade 

Institutions 

Douglas M. Stinnett, University of Georgia 

Overview: This paper seeks to account for the diversity of 

institutional arrangements governing regional trade integration 

using an original data set of agreements formed between 1957 and 

2003. 

Paper Politics of River Cooperation 

Jaroslav Tir, University of Georgia 

John T. Ackerman, Air Command and Staff College, United 

States Air Force 

Overview: We investigate determinants of entry into rivermanaging 

treaties. Results reveal that economic development, 

democracy, and IGO membership increase treaty chances, while 

the lack of common security interests and balanced power reduce 

them. 

Disc. Brett V. Benson, Vanderbilt University 

22-101 ROUNDTABLE: THE AMERICAN VOTER 

REVISITED 

Room Adams, 6 th Floor, Thur at 12:45 pm 

Panelist Russell Dalton, University of California, Irvine 

Michael Lewis-Beck, University of Iowa 

William Jacoby, Michigan State University 

Herbert Weisberg, Ohio State University 

John Aldrich, Duke University 

Patricia Hurley, Texas A&M University 

Laura Stoker, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: A discussion of a project, "The American Voter 

Revisited," which replicates and updates The American Voter with 

present-day election studies. 

23-2 INTEREST GROUPS AND CAMPAIGN 

CONTRIBUTIONS 


Chair Clifford W. Brown, Union College 

Paper Independent Spending in the 2004 Presidential Election 

Margaret Carne, Rhodes College 

Overview: This paper examines how interest groups used 

independent expenditures in the 2004 presidential campaign, 

comparing it to 527 campaign activities, and why groups would 

greatly increase their independent expenditures following the 

BCRA reforms. 

Paper The Hidden Reform: How PACs Moblized a New Breed of 

Mass Contributor 

Philip H. Pollock, University of Central Florida 

William J. Claggett, Florida State University 

Overview: Using NES data, we compare the social and political 

characteristics of PAC contributors and other types of campaign 

contributors. Preliminary analyses suggest that PAC contributors 

differ in important ways from other contributor types. 

Paper Corporate Contributions Post-BCRA: A Reassessment 

Susan Clark Muntean, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: This study evaluates changes in the political behavior 

of the business and financial community following passage of the 

Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002. I find that 

contributions from corporate interests to 527 organizations are 

understated. 

Paper Competition and Contributors 

Dave Wiltse, Hacettepe University 

Overview: The role of political competition in modeling 

individual monetary contribution behavior has been largely 

overlooked. Utilizing NES data, the relationship between political 

competition and the likelihood of a financial contribution will be 

gauged. 

Disc. Arthur Sanders, Drake University 

24-3 MINORITY AND WOMEN'S REPRESENTATION 

IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE 


Chair Donald P. Haider-Markel, University of Kansas 

Paper The Impact of Women’s Representation on Political 

Engagement 

Jeffrey A. Karp, University of Exeter 

Susan A. Banducci, University of Exeter 

Overview: Electoral systems are known to have an impact on the 

representation of women (Rule 1984). Less is known about what 

effects, if any, such representation has on political engagement. 

Although women appear to be less interested and less engaged in 

politics. 

Paper The Issue of Minority Representation: Jurisprudence and 

Political Considerations 

Pearl K. Ford, Johnson C. Smith University 

Overview: This paper will access the impact of the Supreme Court 

ruling in Georgia v. Ashcroft (2003) on not only African 

Americans and the pursuit of substantive representation but the 

ability to elect the African American politician. 

Paper Marginalized Minorities? Examining the Empirical Reality of 

Electoral Exclusion 

Rachel K. Cremona, Flagler College 

Overview: This paper uses a process of two-step inference – from 

excluded parties to excluded party supporters – to explore whether 

developed democratic government facilitates the exclusion of 

distinct, cohesive societal minorities. 

Paper Election Rules and the Supply of Latino Candidates for Local 

Office 

Eric J. Gonzalez Juenke, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Overview: The paper challenges the traditional votes/seats 

electoral literature. I examine the effects of electoral rules on the 

supply of Latino candidates for local office to test a theory of 

candidate emergence in different electoral environments. 

Disc. Michiko Ueda, California Institute of Technology 

Page | 97

25-3 HURRICANE KATRINA: PUBLIC AND POLITICAL 

REACTIONS (Co-sponsored with Race, Class, and 

Ethnicity, see 29-23) 


Chair Kimberly Gross, George Washington University 

Paper Who's Responsible? Federalism and Hurricane Katrina 

Lonna R. Atkeson, University of New Mexico 

Cherie D. Maestas, Florida State University 

Overview: Who do citizens think is more responsible for the 

aftermath of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans? And, perhaps, 

more importantly, how do they form these judgments? This is a 

complex question for citizens because power in America is shared. 

Paper Attributing Blame: The Public’s Response to Hurricane 

Katrina 

Neil Malhotra, Stanford University 

Alexander G. Kuo, Stanford University 

Overview: We designed a survey experiment in which we 

manipulated information about public officials involved with the 

response to Hurricane Katrina. We find that partisanship biases 

whom individuals blame, but that this bias is mitigated by several 

factors. 

Paper The Effects of Katrina: Far Beyond the Storm 

Gloria Simo, DePaul University 

Overview: The effects of Hurricane Katrina go far beyond the 

physical damage to buildings and infrastructure. This paper 

examines the more personal effects of this tragedy and how 

recovery still varies by neighborhood in the city of New Orleans. 

Paper The 2006 New Orleans Mayoral Election 

Baodong Liu, University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh 

Overview: The 2006 New Orleans Mayoral election exhibited a 

change of heart on both white and black voters. The paper 

analyzes the racial voting patterns pre and post Katrina. We use EI 

and its extended model to estimate racial voting. 

Paper Race, Poverty and Responsibility in the Wake of Hurricane 

Katrina 

Jamila D. Celestine-Michener, University of Chicago 

Overview: Using data analysis of public opinion surveys and 

content analysis of newspapers and governmental reports, this 

paper explores the theme of responsibility attribution in media, 

mass and governmental responses to Hurricane Katrina. 

Disc. Kimberly Gross, George Washington University 

27-3 ELECTION CAMPAIGNS 


Chair Lilly J. Goren, Carroll College 

Paper The Impact of Consumer Marketing Techniques on the 2006 

Midterm Elections 

Kenneth Cosgrove, Suffolk University 

Overview: This paper will examine the ways in which both parties 

did or did not make use of consumer marketing techniques like 

branding, positioning and differentiation techniques during the 

2006 Congressional election campaign. 

Paper What do the Media do for a Bipolar, 50-50 Nation? 

Hyun J. Yun, University of Florida 

Lynda L. Kaid, University of Florida 

Overview: This study focuses on the relationship between political 

information availability and individuals’ political attitudes in 

battle- and non-battleground states, and finds that people in 

information-rich battleground states hold flexible attitudes. 

Paper From Potential Cleavage to Active Cleavage: Media and 

Campaigns 

Junghwa Lee, Oregon State University 

Overview: This paper demonstrates the 'not-so-minimal' effect of 

media coverage of a potentially decisive issue on the electoral 

returns, using both quantitative and content analyses of 4 major 

Korean newspaper articles that span 40 years. 

Page | 98 

Paper Messages Received? The Effects of Ads and Local TV News on 

the Public 

Erika Franklin Fowler, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: Drawing on systematic evidence on messages aired 

over the nation's airwaves along with survey data from multiple 

election cycles, I find that advertising has a more consistent effect 

on citizen attitudes, knowledge and behavior than local news. 

Disc. Stephen C. Brooks, University of Akron 

28-10 WOMEN AND PUBLIC POLICY IN 

COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE II 


Chair Lee Ann Banaszak, Pennsylvania State University 

Paper International Human Rights and the Feminization of 

International Migration 

Josphine J. Dawuni, Georgia State University 

Overview: This paper seeks to answer the research question, what 

international law mechanisms exist for protecting and enforcing 

the rights of migrant women, be they legal or illegal migrants? 

Paper Mapping Domestic Policy Change: Policies against Domestic 

Violence, the UN, and Government (In)action 

Olga A. Avdeyeva, University of Louisville 

Overview: This article focuses on the impact of international 

human rights law on the adoption of national policies and human 

rights practices in the area of domestic violence. Specifically, the 

author examines to what degree governments implement the 

provisions. 

Paper Power and Transnational Advocacy Networks 

Lauren A. McCarthy, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: This paper explores the power dynamics within 

transnational advocacy networks using questionnaire responses 

from a small sample of Russian women's organizations working 

on sex trafficking. 

Paper Intersectional Analysis of Immigration Policy 

Meng Lu, Purdue University 

Overview: This paper proposes the importance to re-think 

immigration policy as women-friendly, race-friendly, egalitarian 

(class-based) and intersectional-based policies targeting at 

marginalized immigrant women (domestic work and sweatshop 

policy). 

Paper The Politics of Childbirth: Variance in Obstetrics among 

OECD Countries 

Beate Sissenich, Indiana University 

Overview: "Medical rationality" meets state structures: This paper 

presents the design and preliminary findings of a new research 

project on cross-national institutional divergence in maternal 

health policies. 

Disc. Celeste M. Montoya, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale 

Rosemary Nossiff, Marymount Manhattan College 

29-3 IMMIGRANT POLITICAL PARTICIPATION AND 

THE TRANSFORMATION OF AMERICA 


Chair Christina M. Greer, Columbia University 

Paper Immigration, Segregation, and Latino Participation in Ethnic 

Politics 

Rodolfo Espino, Arizona State University 

Rene R. Rocha, University of Iowa 

Overview: This paper examines the way in which immigration and 

differing structural patterns of residence among Latinos influences 

their support for ethnic political causes. 

Paper Beyond the Urban Core: Immigrants, Migrants and the New 

American Suburb 

Lorrie A. Frasure, Cornell University 

Overview: I use data from five separate focus group discussions 

with Black, Chinese, Iranian, Korean, and Latino groups to 

examine three topics: suburban residential selection; neighborhood 

interactions; and perceptions of local government responsiveness.

Paper Challenging Inequality, Demanding Citizenship: Multi-Ethnic 

Immigrant Labor Organizations and City Politics 

Armando Xavier Mejia, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: This paper explores the politics of two multi-ethnic 

immigrant labor organizations in metropolitan Los Angeles. It 

examines how such organizations have contested workplace 

inequalities, developed enduring coalitions, and impacted urban 

policy. 

Paper Immigrants in the Media: Civic Visibility in the United States 

and Canada 

Els de Graauw, University of California, Berkeley 

Irene Bloemraad, University of California, Berkeley 

Rebecca Hamlin, University of California, Berkeley 

Karthick Ramakrishnan, University of California, Riverside 

Overview: We examine the civic visibility of immigrants in the 

United States and Canada through content analysis of four local 

mainstream newspapers. We document variation in the extent and 

nature of immigrants’ civic visibility between the two countries. 

Paper The New African American Polity: African Immigrants and 

U.S. Politics 

Ramla M. Bandele, Indiana University Purdue University, 

Indianapolis 

Overview: The diversity in the U.S. black population is 

underestimated. African immigration has grown since 1989 and 

U.S.census records suggest that they total 2 million. Many live in 

metro areas, the traditional strongholds in African American 

politics. 

Disc. Karen Kaufmann, University of Maryland 

29-18 CHANGING CONTEXTS AND BLACK POLITICAL 

ATTITUDES 

Room Suite 9-128, 9 th Floor, Thur at 12:45 pm 

Chair Leniece Davis, University of Chicago 

Paper Explaining Attitudes Toward Immigration Among African 

Americans 

James C. Garand, Louisiana State University 

Betina C. Wilkinson, Louisiana State University 

Stella Rouse, Louisiana State University 

Kim Nguyen, Louisiana State University 

Overview: The purpose of this paper is to develop and test a 

model of African Americans' attitudes toward legal and illegal 

immigration. 

Paper Explaining African-American Attitudes Toward Immigration 

Maruice Mangum, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville 

Overview: I examine the determinants and competing 

explanations of African American support and opposition to 

immigration. It focuses on the attitudes of African Americans and 

other dimensions never or rarely examined regarding immigration. 

Paper Old Wine in New Bottles? Black Attitudes Toward 


Tatishe M. Nteta, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: What are the key predictors of black attitudes toward 

immigration? Using content analysis of leading black newspapers 

I test the hypothesis that determinants associated with previous 

generations of blacks predict the attitudes of blacks today. 

Paper Race in Context: African Americans’ Racial Trust in Their 

Social Environs 

Shayla C. Nunnally, University of Connecticut 

Overview: Lower levels of social trust among African Americans 

deserve further explanation. This paper analyzes how African 

Americans' trust varies across social contexts and the race of 

actors in those contexts. 

Disc. Janelle Wong, University of Southern California 

32-201 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: HEGEL 


Presenter Hegel and Epistemology: Hegelian Responses to Postmodern 

Criticisms 

Timothy C. Luther, California Baptist University 

Overview: The paper discusses Hegel's philosophical conception 

of reconciliation and defends it against postmodern critics. It 

further argues that Hegel can help us with modern philosophical 

and political dilemmas. 

32-16 BRINGING RELIGIOUS POLITICS TO AN END 

Room LaSalle 1, 7 th Floor, Thur at 12:45 pm 

Chair Paul Ulrich, Carthage College 

Paper More and Locke on Toleration 

Gabriel Bartlett, University of Toronto 

Overview: This paper contrasts Sir Thomas More and John Locke 

on the issue of toleration with a view to highlighting the political 

ambition and aims of the latter. 

Paper Hume’s Critique of Religious Parties 

Philip Bretton, Michigan State University 

Overview: In this paper Hume’s critique of the politics of 

“religious parties” is interpreted as an indication of his liberalism. 

Hume faults religion not with extremism simply but with a 

tendency to blur the distinction between spiritual and political 

goods. 

Paper Hobbes, Locke and Montesquieu on the Separation of Church 

and State 

Christopher Nadon, Claremont McKenna College 

Overview: This paper looks at how the presuppositions underlying 

early modern state of nature teachings serve to justify the 

separation of church and state. 

Disc. Svetozar Minsk, Roosevelt University 

33-1 CLASSIC TEXTS, POSTMODERN READINGS 

Room Dearborn 2, 7 th Floor, Thur at 12:45 pm 

Chair Constance Hunt, Michigan State University 

Paper Melville's Bartleby as the American Messiah 

Oona Eisenstadt, Pomona College 

Overview: Deleuze calls Melville’s Bartleby the American 

messiah. I examine the argument in an attempt to understand how 

several contemporary continental thinkers -- Blanchot, Derrida, 

Agamben and Deleuze -- see America. 

Paper Postmodern Readings of Literature 

Folke Lindahl, Michigan State University 

Overview: An investigation of the virtues and vices of postmodern 

interpretation, to articulate the contribution but also the limits of 

this cluster of approaches for understanding literature. 

Paper The Jihad Against Modernity in Melville's Clarel 

Eric S. Petrie, Michigan State University 

Overview: Melville's epic poem Clarel examines a variety of 

characters who lament modern times, especially the decline of 

revealed religion. One of those characters in particular, the 

American exile named Ungar, is a religious fanatic who sells his 

military skills. 

Paper Reading The Merchant of Venice with Adorno 

Zdravko Planinc, McMaster University 

Overview: An interpretation of The Merchant of Venice as a 

depiction of the origins of modern capitalism, showing its 

complete transformation of economy, society, polity, religion and 

culture. 

Disc. Constance Hunt, Michigan State University 

33-18 CROWDS AND CONSPIRACIES: POWER, 

RIGHTS, AND RESPONSIBILITY IN MASS 

DEMOCRACY 


Chair Jason Frank, Cornell University 

Paper Democracy, Wikipedia, and the Wisdom of Crowds 

Helene E. Landemore, Harvard University 

Overview: This paper explores the phenomenon of the wisdom of 

crowds exemplified by Wikipedia in relation to the argument that 

democracy is partially justified because ômany heads are better 

than one (Aristotle). 

Paper Political Representation and the Protection of Minority Rights 

Mary McThomas, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: Drawing from original survey research and theories of 

political ethics, I examine the role of majority opinion in limiting 

the protection of unpopular lifestyle choices. I discuss the 

implications for political representation and minority rights. 

Page | 99

Paper Deliberation, Power, Conspiracy, and Political Culture 

Philip T. Neisser, SUNY, Potsdam 

Overview: Conspiracy theory and the overly voluntaristic notions 

of power that typically inform it function together as major 

sources of disagreement failure, and thus as obstacles to 

deliberative democracy. 

Paper Political Manipulation and Collective Responsibility 

John M. Parrish, Loyola Marymount University 

Overview: To what extent are democratic citizens responsible for 

the outcomes of public choices that have been subject to 

manipulation? Manipulated publics, this paper argues, may bear 

more responsibility collectively than manipulated individuals 

would. 

Disc. Andrew Rehfeld, Washington University 

34-14 BARGAINING AND SEPARATION OF POWERS 


Chair Krishna Ladha, University of Mississippi 

Paper Modelling Complex Negotiations: An Agent-Based Expected 

Utility Model 

Andreas K. Warntjen, London School of Economics and 

Political Science 

Overview: The paper presents several results of an agent-based 

model based on Bueno de Mesquita’s expected utility model. The 

focus is on the relationship between the initial main parameters 

(i.e., preferences, salience, capabilities) and decision outcomes. 

Paper A Model of Endogenous Government Formation 

Anna Bassi, New York University 

Overview: Government formation is analyzed as a bargaining 

process in which the formateur is endogenously determined in a 

model where legislators are assumed to care about both the 

allocation of cabinet portfolio and the content of the government 

policy. 

Paper Bargaining Over a New Welfare State - FDR and Congress in 

the 1930s 

Kaj M. Thomsson, Yale University 

Alessandro Bonatti, Yale University 

Overview: We develop a model of President-Congress bargaining 

during the New Deal period. We use the model the estimate a 

"New Deal objective function" - i.e. the objectives that determined 

the distribution of funds across regions of the country. 

Paper Managing Expectations: When Can Candidates Profitably 

Under-Report Competence? 

Rene Lindstaedt, SUNY, Stony Brook 

Jeffrey K. Staton, Florida State University 

Overview: It is unclear why some candidates appear to undersell 

themselves. We develop a model in which a rational candidate 

interacts with a boundedly rational donor, the aim of which is to 

explain when underselling quality is plausible. 

Disc. John T. Gasper, Carnegie Mellon University 

35-13 SPATIAL COMPETITION 

Room Montrose 2, 7 th Floor, Thur at 12:45 pm 

Chair Guy Whitten, Texas A&M University 

Paper Candidate Proximity Models in Spatially Weighted Regression 

Kyle W. Leiker, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 

Overview: This paper uses ideological proximity in a locally 

weighted regression to examine variation in the importance and 

meaning of political issues across the ideological spectra. 

Paper Specification of Proximity Models: Non-Euclidean Distances 

and Weighting 

Kyle W. Leiker, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 

Min Ye, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 

Overview: This paper explores the dimensional and contextual 

natures of policy spaces by specifying and testing the performance 

of non-Euclidean distance measures against traditional measures, 

using universal (aspatial) and spatially weighted regressions. 

Paper Estimating a Political Space 

Melvin J. Hinich, University of Texas, Austin 

Alia Carkoglu, Sabanci University 

Overview: I will present an improved version of my MAP 

program to estimate the dimensionality of a political space and the 

location of candidates and voters in that space. 

Page | 100 

Paper Vote: Analyze Vote Behavior 

Joan Serra, University of Chicago 

Overview: This paper introduces vote, a package to analyze vote 

behavior. It computes the impact of the different factors that affect 

the choice of voters from among two or more candidates and 

abstention, be demographic, candidate, or abstention specific. 

Disc. Dean P. Lacy, Dartmouth College 

37-1 MINOR PARTIES, THIRD PARTIES: THEIR 

IMPACT ON THE ELECTORAL PROCESS 


Chair Robin Kolodny, Temple University 

Paper The Prohibition Party, the 1884 Election, and the Minor Party 

Question 

Lisa M. Andersen, University of Chicago 

Overview: The peculiar results of the 1884 election made the role 

of third parties a problem for debate among political thinkers and 

inspired an exciting investigation of the relationship between party 

organization and democracy. 

Paper Election Laws or Cooptation: The Decline of American Third- 

Parties Over the Twentieth Century 

Bernard Ivan Tamas, Illinois State University 

Matthew Dean Hindman, University of Minnesota 

Overview: Using interrupted time-series regression, we analyzed 

the decline of electoral support for third-parties by state. We 

argue that third-parties declined in support primarily because of 

cooptation and marginalization, not because of changes in election 

law. 

Paper Issue Fragmentation and Third Party Support in U.S. 

Gizem Arikan, Stony Brook University 

Eser Sekercioglu, Stony Brook University 

Overview: We argue that emergence of 3rd party candidates in 

presidential elections is the result of issue fragmentation rather 

than major party deterioration. Using candidate fractionalization in 

primaries as a proxy,we predict support for 3rd party candidates. 

Paper A Historical Look at the Agenda-Setting Role of American 

Minor Parties 

Eric D. Russell, Ohio State University 

Overview: This paper systematically studies the flow of policy 

positions and ideas between major and minor parties over the 

course of American history from 1840 to 2004 in an effort to test 

several new theories about the agenda-setting role of third parties. 

Disc. Leon Halpert, Siena College 

38-201 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: FOREIGN POLICY IN 

PRESIDENTIAL DEBATES 


Presenter Foreign Policy Content in Presidential Debates: From Cold 

War to Post-9/11 

Adam Joyce, New School for Social Research 

Overview: How has the political debate changed from Cold War 

to post-9/11? This paper tracks presidential debates from 1980- 

2004 to determine foreign policy content, how foreign and 

domestic policy are linked, and the number of foreign policy 

topics raised. 

38-202 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: 9/11-ICIZING 

POLITICS 


Presenter 9/11-izing Politics: Separated Powers and the State of 

Exception 

Dan Muszynski, University of Toledo 

Overview: This presentation investigates the state of the American 

separation of powers regime in the post 9/11 world. Specifically, I 

argue that the unprecedented power of the modern executive exists 

not in spite of this system, but because of it.

39-2 CONSEQUENCES OF PARTISAN POLARIZATION 


Chair Robert P. Van Houweling, University of California, Berkeley 

Paper Partisanship in One Minute Speeches in the 108th Congress 

Kathryn Pearson, University of Minnesota 

Wendy Rahn, University of Minnesota 

Logan Dancey, University of Minnesota 

Overview: In a content analysis of one-minute speeches on the 

House floor, we demonstrate through members' words that 

partisanship is social and emotional, in addition to strategic, in the 

108th Congress. 

Paper Partisanship without Ideology: Using Votes to Shape Party 

Reputations for Competence 

Frances E. Lee, University of Maryland 

This paper analyzes the parties’ use of the roll-call record to 

improve their own collective reputations on "good government" 

causes (and to undermine their opposition’s reputation for 

competence or uprightness). 

Paper Polarization and the Congressional Agenda 

Laurel M. Harbridge, Stanford University 

Overview: I examine how elite polarization in Congress has 

translated into the level of partisanship in the congressional 

agenda and how institutional features of Congress temper agenda 

partisanship. 

Paper Legislative Conflict and Policy Productivity in Congress, 1873- 

2004 

Lawrence C. Dodd, University of Florida 

Scot D. Schraufnagel, University of Central Florida 

Overview: Congress’s capacity to enact landmark legislation 

confronts a central dilemma: too much intra-institutional conflict 

inhibits landmark productivity -- but so does too little conflict. 

Moderate levels of conflict foster landmark productivity. 

Paper Party, the Distribution of Preferences, and Bill Passage Length 

in Congress 

Andrew J. Taylor, North Carolina State University 

Overview: I test partisan and partyless hypotheses about bill 

passage length in Congress using survival analysis. I show that a 

partisan understanding of the distribution of member preferences 

helps explain bill passage length, but a chamber one does not. 

Disc. Kevin A. Roust, University of California, San Diego 

Robert P. Van Houweling, University of California, Berkeley 

39-15 CONGRESSIONAL POLICY MAKING IN 

MULTIPLE DOMAINS 


Chair Wendy Schiller, Brown University 

Paper U.S. Defense Budget Allocations for Weapons Production 

from 1904-2006 

Rebecca U. Thorpe, University of Maryland 

Overview: This project assesses whether U.S. Defense budget 

allocations convey increasing levels of spending for weapons 

contracts at the expense of standard military operations. 

Paper Explaining Bipartisanship in Foreign Policy: Spectacles 

Revised 

Jianying Wang, University of Missouri, Columbia 

Overview: This paper explains how domestic economy situation 

changes the bipartisan presidential support in the House in 

economy-related foreign policies. The observation period is from 

1953 through 1998. 

Paper Playing the Field: Committee Referrals of Abortion-Related 

Proposals 

Scott Ainsworth, University of Georgia 

Thad E. Hall, University of Utah 

Overview: Our work focuses on how the legislative strategies 

employed by members have evolved over time. With attention to 

the members' internal and external environments, we ask: Under 

what circumstances are abortion related measures introduced. 

Paper A Congressional Politics Theory of the Size of Government 

Robi Ragan, University of Georgia 

Overview: This paper incorporates three models of Congressional 

policy making into a larger model of the size of the redistribution 

system in the U.S., and then empirically tests the implications of 

these models. 

Paper Equal Representation? Race and Legislators’ Support for 

Civil Rights 

Jeffrey W. Ladewig, University of Connecticut 

Michelle M. Dube, University of Connecticut 

Overview: An examination of the effects of constituents' and 

legislators' demographic characteristics on their support for civil 

rights legislation. 

Disc. Wendy Schiller, Brown University 

41-2 DECIDING TO DECIDE: GRANTING CERT ON 

THE SUPREME COURT 


Chair Sara C. Benesh, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 

Paper The Will of the Minority: The Rule of Four on the United 

States Supreme Court 

Jason M. Roberts, University of Minnesota 

Timothy R. Johnson, University of Minnesota 

Songying Fang, University of Minnesota 

Overview: In this paper we develop a formal model that seeks to 

explain why a majority of justices are willing to allow a minority 

to determine the Court’s agenda. We then use data from the 1946- 

1985 to test the predictions of our model. 

Paper Litigant Status and Agenda Setting on the U.S. Supreme 

Court 

Ryan C. Black, Washington University, St. Louis 

Christina L. Boyd, Washington University, St. Louis 

Overview: We test whether litigant status affects the likelihood of 

granting discretionary review by the U.S. Supreme Court. 

Paper U.S. Supreme Court Certiorari Votes: A Social Choice 

Explanation 

Quan Li, University of Central Florida 

Danette Brickman, John Jay College of Criminal Justice 

Overview: This paper examines Supreme Court justices’ choices 

between sophisticated voting and sincere voting in certiorari 

decisions as a result of uncertainty generated by the Court’s group 

context. 

Paper Strategic Opinion-Minded Justices During Certiorari 

Ehud N. Sommer, SUNY, Stony Brook 

Overview: My research question - to what extent justices' potential 

future influence on the opinion writing process guides the vote 

they cast on Cert? 

Paper Litigant Status and the Certiorari Decision 

Wendy L. Watson, University of North Texas 

Overview: This paper considers the effect of petitioners' in forma 

pauperis status and pro se status on the U.S. Supreme Court's 

decision to accept petitions for review in criminal cases. 

Disc. Sara C. Benesh, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 

Harold Spaeth, Michigan State University 

41-15 COURTS AND PUBLIC OPINION II: SUPPORT 

FOR THE COURTS (Co-sponsored with Public 

Opinion, see 25-23) 

Room Burnham 1, 7 th Floor, Thur at 12:45 pm 

Chair Elliot E. Slotnick, Ohio State University 

Paper The Supreme Court, Foreign Law, and its Consequences for 

Public Support 

Brett Curry, Georgia Southern University 

Banks Miller, Ohio State University 

Overview: We employ an experimental design to investigate the 

extent to which the U.S. Supreme Court’s reliance of foreign law 

impacts public support for the Court and its decisions. 

Paper U.S. Supreme Court Nominations, Legitimacy Theory, and the 

American Public: A Dynamic Test of the Positivity Bias 

Hypothesis 

James L. Gibson, Washington University, St. Louis 

Gregory A. Caldeira, Ohio State University 

Overview: Based on a three-wave nationally representative panel 

survey, the purpose of this paper is specifically to test hypotheses 

about the causes of changes in attitudes toward the United States 

Supreme Court. 

Page | 101

Paper Is Race Relevant? Descriptive Representation and Support for 

the Courts 

Nancy Scherer, Wellesley College 

Brett Curry, Georgia Southern University 

Overview: Utilizing an experimental design, we survey the 

general population--including an oversample of African 

Americans--to investigate the impact that increased racial 

diversity on the federal bench plays in shaping public support for 

the courts. 

Paper Religious Conservatives and the Courts 

Amy Steigerwalt, Georgia State University 

Overview: This paper assesses whether religious conservatives 

view the federal courts more negatively than other Americans, 

perhaps in response to religious conservative attacks on the federal 

courts. 

Paper Public Opinion and the Dynamics of Supreme Court 

Institutionalization 

Joseph D. Ura, Louisiana State University 

Overview: This paper examines the link between public support 

for the Supreme Court and the institutionalization of the Court, 

understood as the Court's ability to exercise its institutional 

prerogatives. 

Disc. Thomson W. McFarland, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Elliot E. Slotnick, Ohio State University 

42-13 WHITHER AMERICAN RELIGIOUS PLURALISM? 

(Co-sponsored with Politics and Religion, see 53-16) 


Chair Thomas Engeman, Loyola University, Chicago 

Paper Government Money, Government Speech, and the 

Establishment Clause in the Supreme Court 

Thomas C. Berg, University of St. Thomas 

Overview: A discussion of how, and a defense of why, Supreme 

Court jurisprudence on the Establishment Clause has changed 

from prohibiting government funding of religious organizations to 

prohibiting government sponsorship of religious messages. 

Paper From Civil Religion to Culture Wars: Tocqueville on the 

Politics of Faith 

Joseph Hebert, St. Ambrose University 

Overview: This paper will seek to relate Tocqueville’s analysis of 

nineteenth century American religious politics to our 

contemporary situation and consider what responses might be 

salutary in light of that analysis. 

Paper Whither American Religious Pluralism? Is the Separation of 

Church and State Discrimination Against Religion? 

Thomas Powers, University of Minnesota, Duluth 

Overview: Recently, some (mainly conservatives) have developed 

a new approach to questions about religion framed in terms of 

equality and modeled on civil rights politics. An outline of 

Supreme Court doctrinal shifts here will be followed by some 

consideration. 

Paper The Wages of Equality: The Demise Of The Religion Clauses 

As Specific Constitutional Guarantees 

Marc Stern, American Jewish Congress 

Overview: An exploration of the growing influence of equality 

approaches to religion/state law since the early 1980’s. 

Disc. Paul Griffiths, University of Illinois, Chicago 

44-3 ELECTORAL CONCERNS IN THE STATES 

Room Parlor E, 6 th Floor, Thur at 12:45 pm 

Chair Thomas M. Carsey, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Paper Management of Voter Lists in Illinois 

Scott D. McClurg, Southern Illinois University 

Kim Nelson, Northern Illinois University 

John Jackson, Southern Illinois University 

Overview: Despite all the attention given to the administration of 

elections after the 2000 election, we know very little about the 

important issue of how registration lists are maintained. We gain 

leverage on the maintanence of these lists. 

Page | 102 

Paper The Coingate Effect: The Impact of a Scandalous Year on 

the Public Opinion of State Government Officials in the State 

of Ohio 

Nancy Martorano, University of Dayton 

Overview: What happens when a major and well publicized 

scandal occurs? Do citizens change their tune and start to view 

their state government politicians as negatively as they view 

federal politicians? This proposed paper will explore these 

questions. 

Paper Popular Tyranny? Minority Rights under Direct Democracy 

Institutions 

Daniel C. Lewis, Michigan State University 

Overview: This paper addresses the issue of minority rights under 

direct democracy institutions by examining whether states with 

direct democracy institutions pass anti-minority policies at a 

higher rate than other states. 

Paper The Discontents of Federalism and Comity in Felon 

Disenfranchisement Policy 

Daniel M. Katz, University of Michigan 

Overview: The paper defines, across a range of relevant 

parameters, each states’ disenfranchisement regime. Next, it 

explores the recognition rule each state employs to referee the 

comity disputes created by the interstate variance in state level 

policy. 

Disc. Thomas M. Carsey, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

John A. Grummel, University of South Carolina, Upstate 

45-2 POLITICAL INCENTIVES IN INTERLOCAL 

COOPERATION 


Chair Jered Carr, Wayne State University 

Paper Politics, Economics, and Regionalism in American 

Transportation Policy 


Clark C. Gibson, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: We develop and test a model of intergovernmental 

cooperation that emphasizes both economic and political factors. 

Preliminary analysis finds that political incentives explain 

substantial variation in cooperative outcomes across regions. 

Paper State Rules, Local Boundaries, and Intergovernmental 

Cooperation 

Megan Mullin, Temple University 

Overview: This paper investigates how state control over local 

boundary flexibility influences patterns of conflict and 

cooperation among local governments. 

Paper The Decisions to Horizontal Corporations-Interlocal Service 

Agreement Work? 

Jun Yi Hsieh, Florida State University 

Overview: This research intends to test horizontal cooperative 

relationships because of interlocal service agreements(ISAs). Our 

findings do not confirm ISAs result from scale economies but 

from political influences or geographical factors in local practices. 

Paper Will They Negotiate? Annexation and Michigan’s Land 

Transfer Agreement 

Eric S. Zeemering, Indiana University 

Overview: This comparative case study evaluates how negative 

perceptions of intergovernmental partners impact the negotiation 

of a conditional land transfer; and, the paper cautions about 

dependent variable truncation when studying inter-local 

agreements. 

Disc. Jered Carr, Wayne State University 

46-3 THE POLITICS OF CRIME POLICY 


Chair Joseph N. Patten, Monmouth University 

Paper Who Gets Executed 

John McAdams, Marquette University 

Overview: Using a dataset that includes all death row inmates 

since 1977, we model who gets executed (as opposed to getting 

off death row). In general, the biases that prevail with regard to 

getting onto death row also apply when the issue is execution.

Paper De-Mobilizing Citizens: Interest Groups in State and Local 

Crime Politics 

Lisa L. Miller, Rutgers University 

Overview: This paper compares the representation of interest 

groups in crime control politics across local and state legislative 

venues and pays particular attention to the balance of 

representation between citizen groups and bureaucratic interests. 

Paper Racial/Ethnic Disparities in CA’s 3-Strikes: Evidence from 

Inmate Data 

Elsa Y. Chen, Santa Clara University 

Overview: This study measures racial and ethnic disparities in the 

application of California's “Three Strikes and You’re Out” law, 

using individual data on 171,000+ prison inmates. Outcomes for 

different offense types and counties are compared. 

Disc. Grant W. Neeley, University of Dayton 

47-1 EDUCATION REFORM: POSSIBILITIES AND 

PITFALLS 

Room Parlor B, 6 th Floor, Thur at 12:45 pm 

Chair Matthew G. Springer, Vanderbilt University’s Peabody College 

Paper Decentralization and Policy Experimentation Education 

Jennifer M. Wallner, University of Toronto 

Overview: I test the hypothesis “decentralized systems should 

demonstrate high levels of experimentation translating into 

significant policy variation” on the CDN K-12 education sector. 

Results contradict the hypothesis revealing a process of 

convergence. 

Paper A Small Lever: Federal Funding and State Compliance to No 

Child Left Behind 

Bryan T. Shelly, Wake Forest University 

Overview: This paper examines how the federal government was 

able to ensure implementation of almost all of No Child Left 

Behind’s provisions despite providing a relatively small share of 

total K-12 public education funding. 

Paper The Impact of Competition: Charter Schools and Public 

Schools in Texas 

Gregory R. Weiher, University of Houston 

Amy Brandon, University of Houston 

Overview: This research examines student outcomes for public 

schools exposed to competition from charter schools and peer 

schools not exposed to competition. It finds little evidence of 

improvement on the part of the public schools facing competition. 

Disc. Rachel A. Fulcher Dawson, Michigan State University 

Andrew Karch, University of Texas, Austin 

48-1 ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE 

Room Parlor F, 6 th Floor, Thur at 12:45 pm 

Chair William R. Keech, Carnegie Mellon University 

Paper Patterns of Job Growth in the U.S. and the EU 

Philipp Rehm, Duke University 

John D. Boy, City University of New York 

Overview: Are we witnessing growth of low- or high-quality jobs? 

Using a new data-set, we describe the different job growth 

patterns in the U.S. and EU countries. We also explore the 

determinants and implications of the observed differences across 

countries. 

Paper Corruption, Lobbying, and Economic Development 

Sven Feldmann, Northwestern University 

David D. Lassen 

Morten Bennedsen 

Overview: We use firm level survey data to construct a measure of 

the intensity of lobbying in a cross-section of countries and use 

this to compare, and explain, the observed pattern of corruption, 

lobbying, economic development, and institutions. 

Paper Tolerance for Failure, Entrepreneurship, and Economic 

Performance 

David Primo, University of Rochester 

Willaim S. Green, University of Miami 

Overview: We study the connections among a society's tolerance 

for failure, entrepreneurship, and economic performance, using 

variability in U.S. state laws. 

Paper Who Decides? Policy Rights under Coalition Government 

Lucy M. Goodhart, Columbia University 

Overview: I use the logic implicit in rational partisan theory to let 

economic outcomes signal which political party in coalition 

government controls macro-economic policy and specifically to 

test the hypothesis of ministerial discretion. 

Disc. William R. Keech, Carnegie Mellon University 

Jonathan K. Hanson, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 

49-1 ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND PUBLIC 

OPINION 


Chair Carol L. Silva, Texas A&M University 

Paper The ELF and Revolutionary Ecology 

Sean M. Parson, University of Oregon 

Overview: Critics and supporters often categorize the Earth 

Liberation Front (ELF) as a deep ecological movement in the vein 

of Earth First!. However, the group is not as cohesive and 

monolithic as is often assumed. 

Paper Environmental Concerns and Confidence in Political 

Institutions 

Nicholas P. Guehlstorf, Southern Illinois University, 

Edwardsville 

Myunghee Kim, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville 

Overview: By using data from the 1999-2001 World Values 

Survey, this paper examines the impact of environmental concerns 

on confidence in political institutions among NAFTA member 

countries. 

Paper The Coming Storm: Voter Polarization and the Rise of 

Environmentalism 

Daniel J. Coffey, University of Akron 

Patricia Hallam, University of Akron 

Overview: Using the 2000 NES, we show that environmental 

issues fit neatly into a liberal-conservative schema. Greater 

salience of environmental issues should further polarize the 

electorate along partisan lines and influence voting behavior in 

elections. 

Paper Changing Climates: Young Republicans and Global Warming 

Perceptions 

Aimee E. Barnes, Columbia University 

Sean R. Mandel, Columbia University 

Emily A. Gaskin, Columbia University 

Adam C. Raphaely, Columbia University 

Ross A. MacWhinney, Columbia University 

Shannon R. Binns, Columbia University 

Samuel R. Wade, Columbia University 

Overview: Our paper seeks to understand which factors are most 

important in determining how young Republicans perceive climate 

change, focusing specifically on college-enrolled, politically 

active Republicans in California. 

Disc. Robert O'Connor, National Science Foundation 

53-2 AUGUSTINE, SECULAR POLITICS AND THE 

SACRED 

Room Parlor C, 6 th Floor, Thur at 12:45 pm 

Chair Leonard R. Sorenson, Assumption College 

Paper Auststine, Geno Baroni, and Postmodern America 

Eugene J. Halus, Immaculata University 

Overview: An exploration of Augustine’s thinking regarding his 

conception of the two cities through the thought and actions of 

Monsignor Geno Baroni, a Roman Catholic priest who served as 

an undersecretary at HUD during the Carter Administration. 

Paper Ideology, Belief, and Political Corruption: The Lesson of the 

Two Cities 

Aaron D. Hoffman, Bellarmine University 

Overview: This paper explores whether purity in ideology or 

belief creates the conditions for political corruption and negates 

the practice of politics whose essence is the ability to make the 

compromises required by temporal life and institutions. 

Paper Ernest Fortin’s Augustine: The Saeculum and Politics 

Steven P. Millies, University of South Carolina, Aiken 

Overview: Seeking particularly to apply Fortin’s “philosophic 

Christianity” to contemporary political arrangements, this paper 

Page | 103

aims at a sensible idea of the saeculum that addresses the 

dilemmas raised by church/state questions in liberalism. 

Paper A Genealogy of Republicanism in Christian Thought 

Jim S. Josefson, Bridgewater College 

Overview: I explore the influence of republicanism on Christian 

political thought from Augustine to the Reformation. I identify a 

tension within Christian thought between idealism and a 

republican concern for communal practices. 

Disc. Joanna V. Scott, Eastern Michigan University 

54-2 GLOBALIZATION, BORDERS, IDENTITIES: 

ANTHROPOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES 


Chair Cyrus E. Zirakzadeh, University of Connecticut 

Paper The Absorption Differences of Russian and Ethiopian 

Immigrants in Israel 

Allison P. Sheren, University of Michigan 

Overview: Immigrants are absorbed differently depending on their 

area of origin. The state policy under which an immigrant is 

absorbed is unequivocally the most important factor leading to 

successful absorption. 

Paper Globalizing Culture: Thick Description of a Tahitian Danceform 

in Hawaii 

Subir K. Kole, University of Hawaii, Manoa 

Mamta Panwar, East West Center 

Overview: How globalization affects culture? We examine 

Tahitian dance as a site of globalization that is eroticized, 

sexualized and commoditized to meet the neoliberal capitalist 

interest of drawing tourists for sustaining the political economy of 

the State. 

Paper When Nationalists Are Not Separatists: Discarding and 

Recovering Academic Theories while Doing Fieldwork in the 

Basque Region of Spain 

Cyrus E. Zirakzadeh, University of Connecticut 

Overview: This paper explores how scholarly preconceptions can 

both impede and enrich anthropological research in general and 

the firsthand study of grass-roots/local politics in particular. The 

case revolves around the phenomena of Basque nationalist 

activists. 

Disc. Dvora Yanow, Vrije Universiteit 

55-1 BIAS AND ACTIVISM IN THE CLASSROOM 


Chair Bruce E. Caswell, Rowan University 

Paper Teaching Politics in Political Science Classes: Problem or 

Propaganda? A Survey of Undergraduate Political Science 

Chairs 

Joseph Losco, Ball State University 

Ione DeOllos, Ball State University 

Overview: This paper presents the results of a survey administered 

to political science chairs at primarily undergraduate institutions 

of higher education regarding the extent to which they believe 

political bias in the classroom is a problem. 

Paper Just How Dangerous Are We? : Political Science and 

Academic Freedom 

Christopher D. DeSante, Vanderbilt University 

Tyler J. Zimmer, Vanderbilt University 

Overview: Where would political bias affect teaching more than 

our political science classrooms? Nowhere. This poster 

presentation examines the Academic Freedom movement and 

David Horowitz’s book “The Professors, the 101 Most Dangerous 

Academics in America.” 

Paper Assessing the Impact of Curricular Strategies on Student 

Political Activism 

Robert C. Bradley, Illinois State University 

Erik Rankin, Illinois State University 

Overview: This analysis, which is based on 'pre' and 'post' 2006 

election surveys given to around 1000 respondents, will examine 

the impact of different curricular tactics on college students' levels 

of political interest, efficacy, and involvement. 

Page | 104 

Paper Bridging Politics and Psychology in an Internet Course on 

Hate 

Paul Kriese, Indiana University, Richmond 

Randall E. Osborne, University of Texas, San Marcos 

Overview: Our proposal attempts to develop a common language 

for bridging the gap between political science and psychology. 

Given the visibility given by the media to hatred, hate crimes, and 

terrorist activities, more people than ever before are aware of such 

atrocities. 

Disc. Steven Jones, Indiana University Purdue University, 

Indianapolis 

Johnny Goldfinger, Indiana University Purdue University, 

Indianapolis 

59-1 THE HRC-HUNTER DATA ARCHIVE: FIRST 

RESULTS 


Chair Che Tabisola, Human Rights Campaign 

Paper A Comparative Study of Counter-Mobilization: The 

Responses to Judicial Policy-Making in Same-Sex Marriage in 

the United States and Canada 

Scott E. Lemieux, Hunter College, CUNY 

Shauna Fisher, University of Washington 

Overview: An examination of whether changes in policy resulting 

from judicial action produce a greater backlash than policymaking 

by other institutions. 

Paper You Can Choose Your Friends…But Can You Change Their 

Minds? 

Kenneth Sherrill, Hunter College, CUNY 

Patrick J. Egan, Princeton University 

Overview: HRC and Hunter College have entered into a 

partnership to analyze over 120 surveys and private polls on the 

subject of Americans' opinions toward lgbt-related issues. This 

paper analyzes the first results of this project. 

Paper Public Opinion Trends: Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell and Gays in the 

Military 

Charles Tien, Hunter College and the Graduate Center, CUNY 

Overview: Using the HRC-Hunter College database, this paper 

describes trends in public opinion about gays in the military, with 

a focus on the “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” policy. 

Paper Some Longitudinal Trends in Attitudes Toward LGBT Issues 

Jason Young, Hunter College, CUNY 

Overview: The Hnter-HRC data archive provides a rich 

opportunity to examine patterns of attitudes toward various LGBT 

issues from 1987 to 2006. This study explores how attitudes 

toward some of these issues have changed over time, especially in 

light of different political administrations in Washington. 

Paper Race, Religiosity, and Opposition to Same-Sex Marriage 

Michael Philip Fisher, Hunter College-CUNY/ Rutgers the State 

University of New Jersey 

Overview: TBA 

Disc. Doug Strand, University of California, Berkeley 

62-1 POLITICAL PARTICIPATION 

Room Parlor J, 6 th Floor, Thur at 12:45 pm 

Chair James R. Simmons, University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh 

Paper Publishing in Public Administration: The Representation of 

Women 

Donna M. Handley, University of Alabama, Birmingham 

Kamna Lal, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Overview: This study evaluates the representation of the women 

publishing in Public Administration. A 10 year study helps to 

characterize how women “fit” into the research, and how their role 

is evolving in mentorship, publications, and allied academic areas. 

Paper Gay Marriage: The Evolution of an Issue in Massachusetts 

John C. Berg, Suffolk University 

Overview: The evolution of the gay marriage debate from the 

Goodridge decision in 2003 through the current attempts to 

overturn the court decision by amending the state constitution, 

considered as a case study of state action leading public opinion.

Paper Labor Union Revitalization: The Missing Dimension in 

Models of Unionization 

Susan E. Orr, University of Florida, Daytona Beach 

Overview: This paper creates a more complex model of unionism, 

than the extant dominant theories provide. In addition to external 

factors, I argue that attention to internal mechanisms that foster 

democratic accountability would aide union revitalization. 

Paper What Price Equality? Women in the United States Military 

Mary Lou Kendrigan, Michigan State University 

Overview: Women are playing an increasingly important role in 

the Armed Services. Will they achieve increased political equality 

as a result of their experiences? To answer this question, we must 

better understand equality and political equality. 

Paper Civics 101: Political Engagement at the University 

James R. Simmons, University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh 

Overview: This paper will examine the extent to which 

contemporary American colleges and universities add to or 

subtract from their students' understanding of political institutions 

and promote active engagement with politics. 

Disc. David M. Jones, University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh 

64-102 ROUNDTABLE: SETTING AN AGENDA FOR THE 

SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE 

PRESIDENCY (Co-sponsored with Presidency and 

Executive Politics, see 38-102) 

Room Monroe, 6 th Floor, Thur at 12:45 pm 

Chair Bert A. Rockman, Purdue University, West Lafayette 

Panelist Brandice Canes-Wrone, Princeton University 

David E. Lewis, Princeton University 

Terry M. Moe, Stanford University 

Andrew Rudalevige, Dickinson College 

Richard W. Waterman, University of Kentucky 

Overview: TBA 

Page | 105


1-107 ROUNDTABLE: THE POLITICAL BAGGAGE OF 

POLITICAL ETHNOGRAPHY (Co-sponsored with 

Political Anthropology, see 54-101) 


Chair Myron J. Aronoff, Rutgers University 

Panelist Timothy Pachirat, Yale University 

Dorian T. Warren, Columbia University 

Lisa Wedeen, University of Chicago 

Claire Wilkinson, University of Birmingham 

Dvora Yanow, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam 

Overview: We engage the political dimensions of political 

ethnography - the historical/epistemological/ontological/ethical 

baggage that as often as not accompanies ethnographers, without 

notice, unexamined, into the field, despite efforts to travel light. 

2-5 THE POLITICS OF CHEAP LABOR 


Chair Gary Freeman, University of Texas, Austin 

Paper Political Foundations of Low Pay Inequality 

Pablo Beramendi, Syracuse University 

Overview: The negative association between pre-tax inequality 

and redistribution constitutes an important puzzle in political 

economy. 

Paper When There is No Cop on the Beat: Community Unionism 

and Labor Market Regulation 

Janice Fine, Rutgers University 

Overview: Civic actors have stepped into the breach left by 

ineffectual government enforcement and monitoring of the Fair 

Labor Standards Act in low wage industries. 

Paper The Free Economy and the Jacobin State, or How Europe Can 

Cope With the Coming Immigration Wave 

Randall Hansen, University of Toronto 

Overview: Europe is facing a severe demographic shortfall. In the 

absence of substantial increased immigration, Europe’s population 

will age and decline, placing intolerable pressure on European 

welfare states. 

Paper The New Politics of Cheap Labor in Industrial Democracies 

Desmond King, Oxford University 

David Rueda, Oxford University 

Overview: In this paper we aim to return labor (particularly the 

most vulnerable members of the labor market) to the core of 

comparative political economy of advanced democracies. We 

formulate a framework with which to conceptualize cheap labor. 

Disc. Gary Freeman, University of Texas, Austin 

3-3 DEMOCRACY AND DEVELOPMENT: POLITICAL 

INSTITUTIONS 


Chair Irfan Nooruddin, Ohio State University 

Paper Party System Institutionalization, Participation and 

Distribution: African Democracies in Comparative 

Perspective 

Rachel Beatty Riedl, Princeton University 

Overview: This paper addresses the institutional variation in party 

systems across African democracies in relation to the 

consequences for economic distribution and political participation. 

Paper Political Institutions, Social Heterogeneity, and Development 

Outcomes 

Jonathan Hanson, University of Michigan 

Overview: This paper examines the performance of different 

democratic and non-democratic institutional forms under varying 

levels of social heterogeneity. 

Paper Ethnicity, Electoral Competition, and Public Spending in 

Kenya 

Andy Harris, Harvard University 

Overview: This paper explores how ethnicity affects electoral 

competition and public spending in Kenyan local governments. 

Paper Bounded Conflict and Investment in "Invisible" Public Goods 

Alison Post, Harvard University 

Overview: This paper explains variation in the distributional 

effects and longevity of privatization in the Argentine water 

Page | 106 

sector. In doing so, it outlines a theory of regulatory politics 

applicable to countries with weak institutional environments. 

Paper Worlds Apart: A Comparative Analysis of Social Development 

in India 

Prerna Singh, Princeton University 

Overview: This paper explains variations in levels of social 

development among Indian states through a theory of substate 

nationalism. 

Disc. Irfan Nooruddin, Ohio State University 

3-25 THE STATE AND DEVELOPMENT 


Chair Mary Breeding, American University 

Paper Hours of Work in the Developing World: A Race to the Top? 

Jeffrey P. Crean, Marquette University 

Overview: At comparable stages of development, work hours in 

newly industrializing countries in East Asia were and are 

uniformly lower than hours were in older industrializing countries 

in Europe. As development spreads, the mills become less satanic. 

Paper Business Organization and Economic Statecraft: Evidence 

from Latin America 

Marco A. Hernandez, University of Oxford 

Overview: This paper explores the political organization of 

business and presents a model of collective bargaining to explain 

cross-national differences in business centralization. Case studies 

from Latin America are used to test the implications of the model. 

Paper Logic of Financial Regulatory Reform in Mexico and South 

Korea 

Heon Joo Jung, University of Pennsylvania 

Overview: This paper examines institutional design and change of 

financial regulatory systems as responses to economic crises in 

Mexico and South Korea by taking seriously the interaction 

between international forces and public attention. 

Paper Is this Downsizing? Privatization and the State in Brazil 

Christina Schatzman, Arizona State University 

Overview: Does privatization promote state shrinking in 

developing countries? One of the many expected benefits of 

privatization is its impact on the role of the sate in the economy, 

promoting a withdrawal of state involvement in the economy. 

Disc. Nimah Mazaheri, University of Washington, Seattle 

Mary Breeding, American University 

4-2 PERSPECTIVES ON MEXICO'S TRANSITION TO 

DEMOCRACY I 


Chair Orlando J. Perez, Central Michigan University 

Paper National and Subnational Political Development Divergence in 

Mexico 

Jonathan T. Hiskey, Vanderbilt University 

Paloma Bauer, University of Iowa 

Overview: Through analysis of electoral, socioeconomic, and 

attitudinal data covering the period of 1990 to 2006, we offer an 

assessment of the different political development trajectories at the 

state and national level over the past 15 years in Mexico. 

Paper Pluralism, Social Inclusion and Democratic Transition in 

México 

Fernando R. Castañeda Sabido, Universidad Nacional 

Autónoma de México 

Overview: The strength of the old Mexican Political System (PRI 

System) was based on a hierarchical but flexible form of 

inclusion. This form of inclusion allowed the old system to 

negotiate with the Indian Cultures and to recognize their own 

normative system. 

Paper Authoritarian Durability and Democratic Transition in 

Mexico 

Elyssa A. Van Osten, University of Virginia 

Overview: I argue that the PRI’s ability to resolve intra-elite 

conflict in a manner which included rural and labor incorporation 

explains both the ancient regime’s durability and the event and 

quality of Mexico’s eventual transition to democracy. 

Disc. Elizabeth Zechmeister, University of California, Davis

5-3 ORGANIZING REPRESENTATION 


Chair Mikhail Filippov, Binghamton University 

Paper The Impact of Political Decentralization on Voter Engagement 

in Western Europe 

Bonnie M. Meguid, University of Rochester 

Overview: Political actors often justify political decentralization 

as a means to bring government back to the people. This paper 

examines how this institutional change has affected levels of voter 

engagement – attitudes and behavior – in Western Europe. 

Paper Exacerbation or Amelioration: Decentralization and 

Autonomy Mobilization 

Dan Miodownik, Hebrew University 

Britt A. Cartrite, Alma College 

Overview: Theories evaluating political decentralization and 

regional autonomy mobilization generate opposing expectations. 

Using computer simulation and European cases, we demonstrate 

that decentralization can reconcile regional demands with state 

stability. 

Paper Procedural Cartelization in the Mexican Chamber of 

Deputies, 2000-2006 

Raul C. Gonzalez, Rice University 

Overview: Does procedural cartelization in the Mexican Chamber 

of Deputies occur given that legislators cannot pursue reelection, 

and legislative parties rarely enjoy a majority? This analysis will 

determine whether such cartels form. 

Paper The Rival Partners’ Finance Game: Electoral Institutions, 

Competition, and Campaign Finance in Chile 

Joel W. Johnson, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: This paper examines campaign income and expenditure 

to show how Chilean electoral institutions cause legislative 

candidates and parties to both cooperate with and compete against 

their running mates. 

Paper Tearing Down the Fortress: Decentralization Politics in Japan 

and Korea 

Yooil Bae, University of Southern California 

Overview: This paper aims to provide a holistic account of recent 

response to global economy through decentralization reform in 

Japan and Korea by using an ideational framework. 

Disc. Mikhail Filippov, Binghamton University 

Ivy Hamerly, Baylor University 

6-2 EXPLAINING POLICY PREFERENCES 


Chair David Breaux, Mississippi State University 

Paper Refining the Terms of Relief: Explaining State Choices Under 

TANF 

John C. Morris, Old Dominion University 

David A. Breaux, Mississippi State University 

Rickey L. Travis, Mississippi State University 

Overview: This paper extends the earlier work of Soss, et al 

(2001), among others, by examining additional explanations of the 

choices states make when deciding the requirements for assistance 

under TANF. 

Paper How Do Social Contexts and Individual Social Networks 

Determine Policy Preferences: An Empirical Study of Racial 

Attitudes in Singapore 

Cheng-Lung Wang, National University of Singapore 

Overview: Using data from a national election survey in 

Singapore, this paper studies how individual racial attitudes were 

shaped by broader community contexts and specific individual 

social networks. 

Paper The Reproductive Rights Century: Explaining Global 

Abortion Policies 

Mitchell Brown, Auburn University 

Victor Asal, SUNY, Albany 

Overview: In this paper we examine the economic, cultural and 

political opportunity structures that facilitate and constrain 

women's right to abortion in the 20th century. To test this, we 

examine empowerment and structural components globally. 

Paper Lobbying Coalitions in Tanzania: Effects on Policy Outcomes 

Ginger L. Elliott-Teague, Indiana University, Bloomington 

Overview: Public interest groups in Tanzania rely on coalitions to 

influence policy outcomes. A coalition’s success or failure 

depends on its political behavior and the acceptability of its 

argument to government policy-makers. Four cases are studied. 

Paper Threat Perceptions, Out-Group Antipathy and Anti- 

Immigrant Policy Goals 

James R. Smerbeck, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Overview: A cross-national study examining whether perceived 

economic or demographic threat by native Europeans towards 

immigrants, together with ingrained outgroup antipathy, translates 

into preferences for anti-immigrant policies. 

Disc. Kirsten K. Loutzenhiser, Barry University 

7-4 IMMIGRATION AND CITIZENSHIP IN EUROPE 


Chair Cara Wong, University of Michigan 

Paper Exclusive States, Inclusive Identities: Migration Strategies in 

the EU-15 

Sara B. Wallace, Georgetown University 

Overview: This paper compares citizenship and immigration 

policies among the traditional EU-15 member-states, focusing 

specifically on the unique, emerging typology of restrictive 

immigration and liberal citizenship policies. 

Paper Citizenship and Integration: The Enduring Legacy of National 

Definitions 

Jessamyn Blau, Columbia University 

Overview: This paper takes a theoretical approach to citizenship 

and integration in the European Union, showing – contrary to 

contemporary post-national models – traditional national selfdefinitions 

remain truly salient political concepts. 

Paper Attitudes Toward Immigration and Preference for 

Redistribution 

Henning Finseraas, NOVA 

Overview: This paper identifies different dimensions of attitudes 

toward immigrants and explore how the dimensions are related to 

preference for redistribution. 

Paper Immigration and Radical Right Party Support in Eastern and 

Central Europe 

Onawa P. Lacewell, University of Missouri, Columbia 

Overview: I examine why radical right parties have failed to form 

at expected levels in East/Central Europe. I use a multi-level 

model to test whether lower immigration rates in East/Central 

Europe lead to a decrease of radical right parties in the region. 

Paper Attitudes Towards Immigration: A Longitudinal Study of the 

Case of Germany 

Basak Yavcan, University of Pittsburgh 

Overview: The purpose of this paper is to reveal where German 

attitudes towards immigration come from. With a dynamic model 

incorporating longitudinal data, the role of prejudice and ideology 

is tested against utilitarian models of preference formation. 

Disc. Helma G. E. de Vries, University of Maryland, College Park 

8-4 BUSINESS AND LABOR IN LATIN AMERICAN 

POLITICS 


Chair Clive S. Thomas, University of Alaska 

Paper What Is Old and What Is New in Business Groups’ Strategies 

in Argentina? 

Diego Finchelstein, Northwestern University 

Overview: This paper will help to explain how Argentine business 

groups build new strategies under globalization. These strategies 

can only be understood after an analysis of the historical 

challenges presented by unstable economic and political scenarios. 

Paper Exit versus Voice and Both Them versus Loyalty 

Ridvan E. Peshkopia, University of Kentucky 

Overview: This paper analyzes the relationship between labor 

unions’ voice and loyalty in transitional periods. Unions strike 

against their parties’ government even when they continue to 

maintain some loose ties with these parties. 

Page | 107

Paper The Peruvian Business Elite and Economic Policy Change in 

Peru 

Alba Hesselroth, Lewis University 

Overview: This paper explores if the conditions implied by the 

interest group approach – the business elite's relative strength and 

access to state power, and the enactment of policies that benefit 

this interest group – were present in Peru's case of economic 

reform initiated in 1990. 

Disc. Paul W. Posner, Clark University 

9-201 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: THE POLITICS OF 

ECONOMIC REFORM IN ASIA (TRADE, LABOR, 

BANKING) 


Presenter Political Economy of Banking Reforms in Indonesia, Korea, 

and Thailand 

Sawa Omori, University of Tokyo 

Overview: This paper examines what makes the pace and the 

degree of banking reforms vary in Indonesia, Korea, and Thailand. 

Not only the IMF's influence but also the number of veto players 

matter in explaining banking reforms in these three countries. 

Presenter Two Durable Shifts of Political Institutions and China’s 

Uneven Development 

Qiang Yan, University of Missouri, St Louis 

Overview: In this paper I will analyze how the two durable shifts 

of Chinese political institutions shaped the way of China’s uneven 

development. 


COALITIONS IN LABOR MARKET 

DEREGULATION IN JAPAN AND KOREA 


Presenter Political Coalition in Labor Market Deregulation in Japan 

and Korea 

Jiyeoun Song, Harvard University 

Overview: This paper attempts to analyze diverse patterns of 

political coalitions toward labor market deregulation, focusing on 

Japan and Korea. 

14-15 GLOBALIZATION AND THE STATE 


Chair Thomas B. Pepinsky, Yale University 

Paper What Governments Maximize and Why: The View From 

Trade 

Kishore Gawande, Texas A&M University 

Overview: Tariff data on 50 countries are used to determine the 

political economy objectives pursued by those governments. 

Paper Adjusting to Globalization: Political Economy of Inclusion 

and Exclusion 

Moonhawk Kim, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Overview: Why do states' political leaders pursue different 

economic adjustment strategies? The choice reflects the changing 

extent of the state's engagement in the globalizing economy and 

how that change affects the trade-off between stability and 

efficiency. 

Paper Economic Structure and State Size 

Patrick J. McDonald, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: Drawing on the new institutionalism in economics, this 

paper explores how the economic structure of local industries 

influence the size of states. 

Paper Who Follows the Leaders? Foreign Economic Policy Diffusion, 

1978-2004 

Christian W. Martin, University of Hamburg 

Gerald Schneider, University of Konstanz 

Overview: Models foreign economic making as interaction 

between country specific liberalization costs and policies in focal 

countries. Data on foreign economic policies for 140 countries 

from 1978 to 2004 match the predicted liberalization patterns. 

Page | 108 

Paper The Costs of Risk: Examining the Missing Link Between 

Globalization and Social Insurance 

Stephanie J. Rickard, Pennsylvania State University 

Overview: Here, I argue that the relationship between 

globalization and income insurance is conditional on key 

characteristics of countries’ labor markets. 

Disc. Cristina Bodea, Michigan State University 

Thomas B. Pepinsky, Yale University 

14-201 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: EU EXPANSION 


Presenter Bilateral or Biregional? European Union’s Approach in Free 

Trade Agreements’ Negotiations with Developing Countries 

Giulia Pietrangeli, London School of Economics 

Overview: The paper analyses the EU preference for bi-regional 

FTAs’ negotiations with SADC countries. It argues that biregionalism 

is not aimed at freeing international trade; rather it is 

used when/where EU commercial interests are not very strong. 

Presenter Do the Trade Effects of EU Membership and Overcome 

Corruption? 

Nicholas Horsewood, University of Birmingham 

Anca M. Voicu, Rollins College 

The direction of exports of selected countries, including new EU 

entrants, is examined using a gravity trade model augmented by 

variables to capture the cost of communication, of distribution of 

goods, regional trading agreements and corruption. 

14-202 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: ECONOMIC 

SANCTIONS 


Presenter An Empirical Inquiry of the Humanitarian Consequences of 

Economic Sanctions 

Dursun Peksen, University of Missouri, Columbia 

Overview: Using socio-demographic, health, and economic data, 

this paper examines whether imposed economic sanctions have 

direct negative humanitarian effects on civilians in the target 

countries. 

15-3 THE POLITICS OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN 

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS THEORY 


Chair Courtney Hillebrecht, University of Wisconsin 

Paper The Democratic Lens: Human Rights Abuses and the 

American Response 

Shyam S. Kulkarni, Indiana State University 

Samuel S. Snideman, Indiana State University 

Overview: Our study is an analysis of American foreign policy 

responses during the Post Cold War era with regard to human 

rights violations by illiberal polities. Our results indicate that 

democracy is an important factor contributing to American 

criticism. 

Paper Human Rights: Accounting for Concern 

Michelle Allendoerfer, University of Michigan 

Overview: To understand why states respond to human rights 

violations in other states, I consider why domestic constituencies 

demand human rights friendly foreign policy. Using survey data, I 

test two explanations for individual concern about human rights. 

Paper Executive Action and Judicial Independence Under 

International Constraint 

Susan Navarro Smelcer, Emory University 

Emily Ritter, Emory University 

Overview: This paper presents a formal model of human rights 

policymaking under international legal constraints. We argue that 

accepting an international court's jurisdiction encourages the 

design of independent judiciaries and constrains human rights 

policy.

Paper Socioeconomic Rights as Human Rights: The Issue of 

Legitimacy in International Relations Theory 

Benjamin W. Lampe, University of Kansas 

Overview: This study shows one way that the international society 

can maintain the stability of the state system. In an era of evolving 

state institutions and globalizing forces, states' ability to adapt to 

social pressure have become crucial for legitimacy. 

Disc. Courtney Hillebrecht, University of Wisconsin 

16-4 MARITIME AND AIRLINE TERRORISM 


Chair Kevin E. Grisham, Victor Valley College 

Paper Cat’s Out of the Bag: El Al Airline Passenger Profiling Secrets 

Revealed 

Julie B. Raines, Northern Kentucky University 

Overview: El Al Airlines is reputed to have the safest security in 

the world attributing part of their success to keeping their security 

techniques a secret. These security techniques have never been 

published or shared with the public until now. 

Paper Terrorism and the Maritime Shipment of Nuclear Materials 

Ronald C. Smith, University of Waikato 

Overview: This paper will assess security provisions for the 

maritime shipment of nuclear materials (especially those in 

dedicated ships) in the context of the wide range of terrorist 

assault scenarios that may be envisaged. 

Paper Protecting our Ports: Efforts to Enhance International 

Security Cooperation 

Suzette R. Grillot, University of Oklahoma 

Rebecca J. Cruise, University of Oklahoma 

Overview: This paper analyzes containerized freight and port 

security policies domestically and abroad. It explores motivations 

behind the U.S. advancement of global standards, and seek to 

understand the development of international cooperation on port 

security. 

Disc. Jeff G. Bramlett, United States Military Academy 

17-4 MARKETS, CARROTS, AND STICKS 


Chair Cameron Thies, University of Missouri, Cameron 

Paper Unifying Conflict Initiation and Expansion in Interstate 

Disputes 

Aysegul Aydin, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Ying Lu, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Overview: I explain conflict initiation and expansion as causally 

and strategically related processes through economic 

interdependence and show that states with significant economic 

ties are less likely to be targeted by aggressors. 

Paper Trade and the Origins of Major Power Rivalry 

Benjamin O. Fordham, SUNY, Binghamton 

Overview: Some scholars have argued that competition for 

international markets has led to political-military rivalry between 

states. This paper tests this claim using data on major powers 

during the 19th and 20th centuries. 

Paper Economic Threats as Signals of Resolve 

Katja B. Kleinberg, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Overview: Sanctions are costly to the sender state. Domestic 

political implications of sanctions threats provide a mechanism for 

signaling resolve in interstate bargaining. The availability of 

costly threats conditions the link between trade and conflict. 

Disc. Alex Weisiger, Columbia University 

17-18 WHO STARTED IT?: CONTEXT AND 

MOBILIZATION 


Chair Alan Stam, Dartmouth College 

Paper Why Presidents Fall: Explaining the South American 

Anamoly 

Kathryn Hochstetler, University of New Mexico 

Overview: Study examines institutional, economic, corruption and 

protest/policing data to explain why mostly South American 

presidents fall. 

Paper Rioting Along?! Explaining and Interpreting the Harlem Riots 

of 1935 and the Complexity of Black-Jewish Relations 

Christian Davenport, University of Maryland 

Overview: Uses data gathered in an NSF-funded project to probe 

the participation in the 1935 New York Harlem riot. 

Paper The Contextual Basis of Mobilization 

Ronald A. Francisco, University of Kansas 

Overview: I explore the limiting contexts of mobilization in 

Europe and in Illinois in the United States. 

Paper A Comparative Model for the Formation of Insurgencies 

Jeffrey S. Schroeder, Iowa State University 

Jessica A. Maves, Iowa State University 

Overview: Analyzing institutional access, international support 

and the locations where insurgencies form indicates that policies 

addressing these variables are likely to be more effective than 

military action after the insurgency is established. 

Paper War in the Balkans: Cross Border Spillovers and the Puzzles 

of FYROM and BiH 

George A. Vassilev, University of Chicago 

Overview: Yugoslavia of the 1990s: did the stagnant economy or 

asymmetric political entitlements spark the series of violent 

conflicts? Why did war not touch some republics? A spillover 

hypothesis considers geopolitical, foreign and communitarian 

factors. 

Paper Substitution and Complementarity in Terrorism 

Lindsay Heger, University of California, San Diego 

Aaron Clauset, University of New Mexico 

Maxwell Young, University of New Mexico 

Kristian S. Gleditsch 

Overview: Substitution between attack modes and targets is an 

important phenomenon in contemporary global terrorism. While 

previous work emphasizes the impact of particular interventions, 

we consider a larger set of possible strategies. 

Disc. Alan Stam, Dartmouth College 

19-301 POSTER SESSION: INTERNATIONAL 

COOPERATION 


Presenter Factors that Determine Membership on the International 

Criminal Court 

(Board 1) 

Michelle Keck, Texas Tech University 

Overview: In order to explain why disparity in International 

Criminal Court membership exists among states, this paper seeks 

to examine the factors that determine membership on the 

International Criminal Court. 

Presenter International Energy Agency: Evaluation of Rational Design 

and Institutional Control 

(Board 2) 

Katherine A. Verleger, Georgia State University 

Overview: Further evaluation of the rational design framework, 

particularly the third rational design control conjecture (V3) in 

analysis of the design characteristics of the International Energy 

Agency. 

21-301 POSTER SESSION: POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY 


Presenter Speakers as Leaders: What Made Newt Gingrich Shut Down 

the Government 

(Board 3) 

Laurence Horton, University of Essex 

Overview: Analogical reasoning provides insight into Republican 

decision-making in the budget shutdowns of 1995/6. Pushing 

cognitive approaches to decision-making beyond a foreign-policy 

domain and questioning rational choice approaches to House 

leadership. 

Page | 109

Presenter The Politics of Threat: The Effect of Media on Foreign Policy 

Attitudes 

(Board 4) 

Shana K. Gadarian, Princeton University 

Overview: I designed a survey experiment that varies the threat 

level in news content and presentation to explore the effect of 

imagery and framing on threat perception. I predict that as 

increased threat perception leads to more hawkish attitudes. 

22-14 MEXICO'S CONTESTED 2006 ELECTIONS (Cosponsored 

with Latin American and Caribbean 

Politics, see 8-19) 


Chair Joseph L. Klesner, Kenyon College 

Paper Sophistication and Partisanship in the 2006 Mexican 

Presidential Elections 

Luis Estrada, Instituto Tecnologico Autonomo de Mexico 

Overview: Pre-electoral surveys either overestimated López 

Obrador or underreported Calderón’s supporters. I argue that the 

outcome of the election had to do with the likelihood of 

independents of turning out, based on their level of political 

sophistication. 

Paper The Mandate from Mexico’s 2006 Presidential Election 

Francisco Flores-Macias, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 

Overview: This paper will explore why people who voted for 

Calderón supported him and what they expected to get in return. 

It will discuss what the election tells us about what Mexican 

voters want from their next government, and what they don't want. 

Paper Thinking Regionally, Voting Nationally: George W. Bush, 

Fidel Castro, Hugo Chávez and Preferences in Mexico's 2006 

Presidential Election 

James A. McCann, Purdue University 

Overview: Contrary to conventional wisdom, analysis of panel 

survey data suggests that foreign policy preferences shaped 

presidential preferences in the 2006 Mexican presidential election 

to a highly significant degree. 

Paper The Religious Vote in Mexico: Analysis of the 2000 and 2006 


Alejandro Moreno, Instituto Tecnologico Autonomo de Mexico 

Alejandro Diaz, Tribunal Electoral del Distrito Federal 

Overview: Multivariate analysis of survey data from several polls 

indicates that religiosity matters significantly in Mexico’s 

evolving party system but that it does not systematically favor one 

party over another in every context. 

Paper Polls and Pesos: the Effect of Mexico’s Election on Bond and 

Peso Markets 

Allyson Lucinda Benton, Centro de Investigacion y Docencia 

Economicas 

Overview: Analysis of polling data during the Mexican 

presidential campaign shows that shifts in reported voting 

intention during the course of the Mexican presidential campaign 

affected Mexican bond and currency markets. 

Disc. Guillermo Rosas, Washington University 

22-301 POSTER SESSION: VOTING BEHAVIOR 


Presenter Self-interest, Political Sophistication and Reasoning Voter 

(Board 5) 

Seoyoon H. Choi, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: I examine when self-interest is involved, how voter’s 

political sophistication affects his political participation and the 

perception of party’s policy position. I analyze the case of senior 

citizens regarding Social Security policy in the 1980s. 

Presenter Rethinking the Theories of Primary Elections: The 2004 

Democratic Primaries 

(Board 6) 

Gizem Arikan, Stony Brook University 

Overview: Data from 2004 primary exit polls suggest that 

electability rather than viability has emerged as the primary factor 

in candidate chances in 2004 elections. 

Page | 110 

Presenter Vote Choice in the 2004 Presidential Election 

(Board 7) 

Heather K. Barton, Indiana University 

Overview: This paper evaluates the influence of "moral values," 

specifically the influence of opinions about abortion and 

homosexuality, on vote choice relative to competing factors in the 

2004 presidential election. 

Presenter Seven Days of Marching and Some Rams’ Horns: Binomial 

MLE and Voter Turnout 

(Board 8) 

Nathan D. Griffith, Belmont University 

Overview: Rational choice and resource models use institutional- 

and individual-level variables, respectively, frustrating 

interlocution. Binomial MLE may allow integrating aggregated 

individual-level data in relation to the outcome of voting trials. 

Presenter The Analyses of Voting Patterns in Veto Games: An 

Experimental Study 

(Board 9) 

Hankyoung Sung, Korea Institute for International Economic 

Policy 

Overview: This paper analyzes the voting pattern in Veto and 

Control games in the lab experiment with human subjects. This 

focuses on the following analyses. First, this examines stochastic 

dominance in the empirical cumulative density functions of shares 

accepted. 

Presenter Scandal and Religiosity: A Case Study from the PA's 10th 

(Board 10) 

Jonathan Williamson, Lycoming College 

Overview: This paper considers the effect of voter's religiosity on 

the connection between scandal and voting behavior. A survey 

was conducted of voters in the 2006 congressional election in 

Pennsylvania's 10th district. 

23-301 POSTER SESSION: TURNOUT AND THE ELECTORAL 

COLLEGE 


Presenter Does the Electoral College Depress Voter Turnout? 

(Board 11) 

Damon M. Cann, University of Georgia 

Bryan Cole, University of Georgia 

Overview: The electoral college leads presidential candidates to 

allocate resources to battleground states. We show that the 

strategic electoral environment results in systematically lower 

voter turnout than one would find under alternative systems. 

25-4 IMMIGRATION: CONCEPTIONS AND 

PERCEPTIONS (Co-sponsored with Political 

Psychology, see 21-15) 


Chair John E. Transue, Duke University 

Paper Conceptions of National Identity and Attitudes Toward 

Immigration in Europe 

Laura N. Potter, University of Michigan 

Overview: I analyze ESS data to test how civic conceptions of 

national identity affect attitudes toward immigration differently 

than ethnic conceptions. 

Paper How Differing Conceptions of National Identity Influence 

Attitudes Towards Immigrants: Evidence from the U.S. 

Jennifer E. Byrne, University of Arizona 

Overview: In this paper, I examine how different conceptions of 

what it means to be an American influence attitudes towards 

immigrants and how these definitions change over time and in 

response to politically salient events. 

Paper Latino Attitudes on Healthcare and Public Opinion on 

Immigration 

Jason E. Kehrberg, University of Kentucky 

Sara L. Manning, University of Kentucky 

Overview: This project extends immigration opinion to the 

Latinos to determine the degree and determinants of support for 

immigration. We suggest that social motivators play an important 

role in shaping opinions on immigration policies among Latinos.

Paper Priming the Quantity and Identities of Immigrants 

John Sides, George Washington University 

Jack Citrin, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: We present the results of a series of survey experiments 

that exposed respondents to information about the quantity and 

identities of immigrant in the U.S. 

Disc. John E. Transue, Duke University 

25-18 POLITICAL IDEOLOGY 


Chair Zoe M. Oxley, Union College 

Paper Political Sophistication and Ideological Self-Placement 

Judd R. Thornton, Michigan State University 

Overview: We seek to explain why individuals misidentify their 

own ideological self-placement. We hypothesize that it is political 

sophistication not value conflict which explains misplacement. 

Paper Ideological Partisanship in Two Dimensions of Political 

Attitudes and Values 

Brendon Swedlow, Northern Illinois University 

Overview: Democratic voters are generally more liberal than 

communitarian, but also conservative and libertarian. Except for 

those who vote mostly Republican, Republicans are almost 

equally conservative, libertarian, and communitarian. 

Paper Constrained Conservatism: The Impact of Group 

Consciousness on Black Ideology 

Tasha S. Philpot, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: A great deal of variance in the ideological expressions 

of African-Americans is masked by a sense of group 

consciousness. The higher their level of group consciousness, the 

more black conservatives will mirror their liberal counterparts. 

Paper The Reciprocal Effects of Ideology and Issue Positions 

Jeremy F. Duff, Michigan State University 

Overview: A wealth of research has been written on how 

ideological identification helps form opinions about political 

issues. I argue that for some people the relationship works in 

reverse, with issues playing a role in determining ideological 

identification. 

Paper Mass Public Opinion: Attitudes, Non-Attitudes, Stability and 

Change 

James W. Lamare, Florida Atlantic University 

Overview: An examination of opinion change and stability as 

detected in a panel study conducted in New Zealand during the 

1990s. The findings suggest that views are real responses to 

political stimuli. Non-attitudes are not affecting change or 

stability. 

Disc. Zoe M. Oxley, Union College 

26-11 RE-EXAMINING THE COSTS AND BENEFITS OF 

VOTING 


Chair John E. McNulty, SUNY, Binghamton 

Paper Turnout and Competitiveness in Space and Time 

John S. Matthews, Queen's University 

Richard Johnston, University of Pennsylvania 

Amanda Bittner, University of British Columbia 

Overview: This paper examines the impact of electoral 

competitiveness on federal voter turnout in Canada, using 

measures of competitiveness at multiple geographical levels 

(riding, province, nation) and time points (current election, 

previous election). 

Paper Katrina's Voters: Floods and Representation 

Betsy Sinclair, California Technical College 

Overview: Using voter history files, flood data, and census 

information, we evaluate the consequences of Hurricane Katrina 

on the propensity of voters to participate in the 2006 mayoral 

election in New Orleans. 

Paper Electorate Size and Turnout 

Sloane Kuney, George Washington University 

Garry Young, George Washington University 

Overview: Using a natural experiment based on the 1960s one 

person, one vote redistricting, we examine whether changes in 

electorate size affect voter turnout in U.S. House elections. 

Paper Left Out: How Party Polarization is Affecting Who Votes 

Michael H. Murakami, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: I investigate how party polarization is affecting turnout 

in U.S. Presidential elections over the past 50 years and find that 

pure Independents and increasingly atypical partisans are less 

likely to vote over time. 

Paper An Aggregate Analysis of Negative Campaigning and Voter 

Participation 

William W. Franko, Jr., Kent State University 

Overview: This study uniquely tests the effects of negative 

campaigning on voter participation at a larger level than is 

possible with random survey responses. My findings suggest that 

negative ads do demobilize the electorate. 

Disc. John E. McNulty, SUNY, Binghamton 

Daniel C. Reed, University of Georgia 

27-1 EFFECTS OF THE INFORMATION 

ENVIRONMENT ON THE PUBLIC (Co-sponsored 

with Public Opinion, see 25-22) 


Chair Michael G. Hagen, Temple University 

Paper Issue Publics, News Interest, and the Information 

Environment 

Jennifer Jerit, Florida State University 

Overview: This study examines how changes in the amount of 

media coverage influence patterns of news attention among issue 

publics and the electorate at large. 

Paper Uncertain Information, Beliefs, and Opinions 

Jason Barabas, Florida State University 

Betsy McGraw, Florida State University 

Overview: Political knowledge studies focus on questions with 

undisputed answers, but facts are often unclear or unknown. 

Natural and survey-based experiments show that variations in 

information certainly affect factual beliefs and foreign policy 

opinions. 

Paper Who Moves Presidential Approval? The Impact of News 

Coverage on Individual-Level Opinion Dynamics 

Scott L. Althaus, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Overview: This paper sheds light on why individuals change their 

approval of the president over time, and how these individual 

changes drive aggregate shifts in job approval, with a novel quasiexperimental 

survey design. 

Paper The Social Roots of Evaluations of Fairness 

Jennifer Wolak, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Overview: I investigate the individual and contextual forces that 

influence appraisals of the fairness of election outcomes. 

Disc. Benjamin I. Page, Northwestern University 

27-4 ENDORSEMENTS, EDITORIALS, AND NEWS 


Chair Julio Borquez, University of Michigan, Dearborn 

Paper Non-Presidential U. S. Newspaper Endorsements, 2002, 2004, 

and 2006 

Mark D. Harmon, University of Tennessee 

Overview: The author sampled twenty large newspapers, tallying 

candidate endorsements in the 2002 and 2004 general elections. In 

2002 newspapers endorsed more Republicans; in 2004 more 

Democrats. In 2004 newspapers endorsed incumbents by a six-toone 

ratio. 

Paper Examining Institutional Influences on Editorial Slant in 

Campaign News 

Johanna Dunaway, Sam Houston State University 

Overview: This work addresses the following research question: 

In what ways does the institutional structure of media outlets 

affect the degree to which editorial preferences are reflected in 

campaign news coverage? 

Paper Newspapers and Public Policy: Legislators Read and Heed 

Editorials 

Steven M. Hallock, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale 

Overview: This study uses a survey of all Illinois state legislators 

to analyze the effects of newspaper editorials on issues of public 

policy. 

Page | 111

Paper Who Says What? Local Newspapers, House Members, and 

Source Information 

Brian J. Fogarty, University of Missouri, St. Louis 

Overview: In this paper, I consider how local newspapers use 

source information in stories concerning local House members 

outside of the election season. 

Disc. Kenneth Cosgrove, Suffolk University 

Jan P. Vermeer, Nebraska Wesleyan University 

28-1 UNDERSTANDING THE BARRIERS AND 

OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN CANDIDATES I 


Chair Julie Dolan, Macalester College 

Paper Running Against a Woman: Do Female Opponents Shape 

Male Candidate Behaviors 

Kathleen Dolan, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 

Overview: Using campaign websites, I examine whether male 

candidates shape their personal image or campaign issues in 

reaction to a woman opponent. Male candidates with a female 

opponent will be compared to a sample of male candidates with 

male opponents. 

Paper The Primary Aspect of the Problem: Congressional Primaries 

and Women's Under-Representation 

Jennifer L. Lawless, Brown University 

Overview: Based on data from 1958 – 2004, I find that women 

fare as well as men in congressional primaries, but women in both 

parties face more primary competition than men. Gender neutral 

victory rates are not the result of a gender neutral primary process. 

Paper What Next? Term Limits, Gender, and New Offices Sought 

Kathryn A. DePalo, Florida International University 

Susan A. MacManus, University of South Florida 

Overview: The advent of state legislative term limits has provided 

an exciting line of inquiry into legislator career paths. Many 

members run for other elective offices, both higher and local 

office. This study assesses gender differences in the decision 

calculus. 

Paper Gender Differences in Candidate Media Coverage: A 

Comparative Perspective 

Miki C. Kittilson, Arizona State University 

Kim Fridkin, Arizona State University 

Overview: Through systematic comparison of news coverage of 

political candidates across four countries we examine differences 

in the portrayal of male and female candidates by the media, and 

the manner in which the political context shapes these differences. 

Disc. Ethan M. Bernick, University of North Texas 

Julie Dolan, Macalester College 

28-203 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: THE CULTURAL 

POLITICS OF EMOTION AND THEIR 

INFLUENCES ON IRAN-USA 


Presenter The Cultural Politics of Emotion and Their Influences on 

Iran-USA 

Fatemeh Masjedi, Illinois State University 

Overview: My abstract accepted last year but I did not attend the 

conference because I was not in the USA. 

28-204 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: THE POWER OF 

DUALITY: THE PROTEST OF “CHECKPOINT 

WATCH” MOVEMENT IN ISRAEL 


Presenter The Power of Duality: The Protest of “Checkpoint Watch” 

Movement in Israel 

Daniela Mansbach, New School University 

Overview: Implementation of two distinct practices - watching 

that challenges the traditional gender norms and intervention that 

appears to adopt patterns of care - enables this women’s 

movement to undermine both gender and political orders in Israeli 

society. 

Page | 112 

29-4 TRENDS IN MINORITY POLITICAL ATTITUDES 

AND BEHAVIOR 


Chair Maruice Mangum, Southern Illinois University 

Paper Cognitve Resources, Organizational Affiliations, and Protest 

Activism Among African Americans 

Randall D. Swain, Morehead State University 

Overview: Research project assesses the impact of race 

consciousness and organzational affiliations have on the 

uncoventional political activities of Black Americans. 

Paper A Political Climate Theory of the Race Gap in Political 

Interest 

Ray Block, Jr., Florida State University 

Overview: This paper analyzes racial differences political interest 

levels by 1) pooling data from the 1952 - 2004 NES, 2) extending 

Danigelis' (1977) concept of “political climate” from behavioral to 

psychological involvement, and 3) using Stimson’s (2004). 

Paper Racial Differences in the Application of Religiosity and 

Liberalism 

Tony E. Carey, Jr., SUNY, Stony Brook 

Overview: The study examines the influence of both religiosity 

and liberalism on whites' and blacks' attitudes towards social and 

economic policies using pooled data from the 2000 and 2004 

National Election Studies as well as the 2001 Religion and Public 

Life Survey. 

Paper What's Going On? Trends in Black Public Opinion on the 

Welfare State 

Katherine Tate, University of California, Irvine 

Overview: Public opinion trend data from the 1970s show a shift 

in Black opinion away from strong support for government 

welfare programs. In this paper, I argue that Black attitudes 

toward welfare programs are based on the transformation of Black 

political leader. 

Paper Ethnic Diversity and Charitable Giving at the Local Level in 

the U.S. 

Michael J. Tweed, Fort Hays State University 

Overview: Is charitable giving less generous in ethnically diverse 

communities than in relatively homogeneous ones? What social 

policy implications can be drawn from this effect? This study 

challenges the Ethnic Nepotism Theory. 

Disc. Toni-Michelle Travis, George Mason University 

Ron Brown, Wayne State University 

30-101 ROUNDTABLE: LEO STRAUSS: HIS PHILOSOPHY 

AND HIS POLITICS 


Panelist Arlene Saxonhouse, University of Michigan 

Steven B. Smith, Yale University 

Leora F. Batnitzky, Princeton University 

Nathan Tarcov, University of Chicago 

Dana Villa, University of Notre Dame 

Kim Sorensen, University of Adelaide 

Michael P. Zuckert, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: The proposed roundtable will be composed of the 

authors of four recent books on the thought of Leo Strauss and two 

commentators. 

32-3 MILL 


Chair Kyle A. Scott, Miami University 

Paper Marx and Mill: Recognition and Sympathy 

Daniel Brudney, University of Chicago 

Overview: I compare the work of J.S. Mill and the early Marx on 

the themes of recognition and sympathy. Mill puts greater weight 

on sympathy, Marx on recognition. I argue that political 

arrangements that are feasible for human beings should stress both 

themes. 

Paper Modern Officium: Is Mill's Considerations Indebted to 

Cicero's De Officiis? 

Alexandra E. Hoerl, Rutgers University 

Overview: Ciceronian duty and Mill's Considerations can be used 

to answer criticisms of liberal institutions. Mill's text can provide

a vehicle for modernizing Cicero and placing duty in civil society 

to help create social networks and more robust citizens. 

Paper Mill in Defense of Moral Legislation: Democracy and the 

Limits of Liberty 

Steven A. Kelts, George Washington University 

Overview: Contrary to all conventional wisdom, Mill’s task in On 

Liberty is not to argue for unfettered individual freedom, but to 

delicately separate the domain of personal control (individual 

morality) from the domain of democratic control (social morality). 

Paper The Hierarchical Conception of the Self in On Liberty 

Sujith S. Kumar, London School of Economics 

Overview: The paper uses a hierarchical conception of the self in 

On Liberty to reconcile the high levels of social influence 

individuals are to experience with the psychological demand for a 

sphere of negative liberty. 

Disc. Amel F. Ahmed, Swarthmore College 

32-17 THE MODERNS ON SCIENCE, MORALITY, AND 

POLITICS 


Chair Noah Dauber, Harvard University 

Paper On the Political Lessons of Francis Bacon's New Organon 

Natalie Elliot, University of North Texas 

Overview: Alongside the foundational scientific teaching of his 

New Organon, Francis Bacon lays down a series of political 

lessons that illuminate his views on the proper relation between 

modern science and political life. 

Paper Hobbes' Rhetorical Legacy: 'Scientism' and Political 

Philosophy 

Laura Field, University of Texas 

Overview: This paper discusses the possibility that much of 

Hobbes' human science, especially as it is presented in Leviathan, 

was intended rhetorically. What might this mean for the discipline 

today? 

Paper A Hill Not to be Commanded: On Francis Bacon's 'Of Truth’ 

James Guest, University of Dallas 

Overview: This explication of Bacon's "Of Truth" inquires into the 

implications of Bacon's division of philosophic and theological 

truth from the truth of civil business as well as his silence 

concerning the truth of his scientific method. 

Disc. Tobin Craig, James Madison University 

33-2 LOCKE AND CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS IN 

LIBERALISM 


Chair John M. Parrish, Loyola Marymount University 

Paper Locke and the Excess of Punishment 

Andrew Dilts, University of Chicago 

Overview: This paper rereads Locke's Second Treatise to argue 

that the foundation of civil society is essentially about managing 

punishment's inevitable excessive character making punishment a 

possibility to be realized rather than enforced. 

Paper Observations and Problems Concerning the Cartesian 

Foundations of Locke’s Concept of Property 

Russell Ford, Elmhurst College 

Overview: This paper looks at the suppositions in Descartes' 

"natural light" (from the Meditations) with an eye toward the 

effect that the presuppositions contained in that term have on 

John Locke. 

Paper Political Knowledge and Risk in Locke’s Political Thought 

Emily Nacol, University of Chicago 

Overview: This paper explores problems of political knowledge 

and the calculus of risk in the political and epistemological 

writings of John Locke, arguing that risk is the other side of the 

trust coin in his theory of political order. 

Disc. John M. Parrish, Loyola Marymount University 

33-21 FREEDOM, CONSCIENCE, AND RELIGION 


Chair Bill Curtis, University of Vermont 

Paper Liberty of Conscience and Discursive Control 

Andrew F. Smith, Stony Brook University 

Overview: Chandran Kukathas argues that the defense of liberty 

of conscience should be a political priority in diverse and open 

societies. I argue that this position is defensible only if we 

reconceive liberty of conscience in discursive terms. 

Paper Coercion, Religious Neutrality, and Same-Sex Marriage 

Emily R. Gill, Bradley University 

Overview: In this paper, I will argue that the noncoercive 

establishment of religion advocated by some is actually coercive 

in its distinction between insiders and outsiders, using the 

controversy over same-sex marriage to exemplify this point. 

Paper The End of Tradition: A Theologico-Political Consideration 

Phillip W. Gray, Texas A&M University 

Overview: In this paper, I explore why tradition has become such 

a difficult concept. I argue that the reason is historical and 

theological. Our very way of discussing tradition presupposes 

religious modes of interpretation. 

Disc. Bill Curtis, University of Vermont 

34-301 POSTER SESSION: FORMAL MODELING 


Presenter The Formation of Social Capital: A Comprehensive 

Mathematical Model 

(Board 12) 

Jonathan C. Young, West Virginia University 

Overview: This paper seeks to understand the formation of social 

capital, construct a logical framework from the available literature, 

then develop and test a comprehensive mathematical model using 

these concepts. 

Presenter Simulating a Rising Power: Comparing Realism and Power 

Transition Theory 

(Board 13) 

Andrew W. Bausch, Villanova University 

Overview: This paper sets the parameters of Bueno de Mesquita’s 

theory of the Expected Utility of War according to the 

prescriptions of Offensive Realism, Defensive Realism, and 

Power Transition theory and simulates how each theory deals with 

a rising power. 

35-4 TEXTS AS DATA (Co-sponsored with Information 

Technology and Politics, see 36-7) 


Chair Phil Schrodt, University of Kansas 

Paper Automated Text Classification of Senatorial Speech 

Jean-Francois Godbout, Northwestern University 

Daniel A. Diermeier, Kellogg School of Management 

Bei Yu, Kellogg School of Management 

Stefan Kaufmann, Northwestern University 

Overview: Speech and Ideology - Automated Text Classification 

of Senatorial Speech in the 101st-108th Congresses for Ideological 

Vocabulary Extraction and Position Prediction. 

Paper U.S. Congressional Bill Titles as a Proxy for Bill Content 

Stephen Purpura, Harvard University 

John Wilkerson, University of Washington 

Dustin Hillard, University of Washington 

Overview: Statistical analysis of the text of the Bills of the U.S. 

Congress provides insights into the effectiveness of Bill titles as 

an abstract. 

Paper Extracting Systematic Social Science Meaning from Text 

Daniel J. Hopkins, Harvard University 

Gary King, Harvard University 

Overview: We propose a novel approach to computer content 

analysis that accurately estimates the proportion of documents in 

each category of any well-specified categorization scheme, for any 

set of textual documents. 

Page | 113

Paper Legislative Rhetoric and Heresthetics 

Burt L. Monroe, Pennsylvania State University 

Kevin Quinn, Harvard University 

Michael Colaresi, Michigan State University 

Overview: We evaluate heresthetical maneuvers by political 

oppositions using new data on legislative speech and new 

techniques for the statistical analysis of such speech. 

Disc. Will E. M. Lowe, Nottingham University 

38-2 THE PRESIDENT, THE LAW, AND THE 

CONSTITUTION 


Chair Nancy Kassop, SUNY, New Paltz 

Paper Incapacitation in the Oval Office: Presidential Disabiltity 

Kevin G. McQueeney, Rutgers University 

Overview: Incapacitation has affected 28 of 43 presidents. Yet, 

only twice has power properly been transferred to the vice 

president. This paper examines when and why this has happened 

and why conditions now make it likely for transfer to take place. 

Paper Presidents as Agents of Constitutional Change: Article V and 

Presidential Leadership 

Helen A. Erler, Kenyon College 

Overview: This paper examines the president’s involvement in the 

constitutional amendment process. It seeks to explain how the 

president has come to assume this Congressional function and the 

consequences of this for legislative-executive relations. 

Paper Chaining the Dog of War: The Constitution and the War 

Powers 

Peter Schultz, Assumption College 

Overview: This paper will investigate how the Founding Fathers 

attempted to "chain the dog of war" with a focus on the 

Constitution and on Alexander Hamilton's interpretation of 

presidential responsibility as that is found in his Pacificus essays. 

Paper George Bush and the Imperial Presidency: The Constitution 

Adrift 

David G. Adler, Idaho State University 

Overview: This paper examines George Bush's perpetuation of the 

Imperial Presidency, which has laid waste to constitutional 

principles and republican values, and means for recovering 

constitutional government. 

Disc. Nancy Kassop, SUNY, New Paltz 

39-3 CONGRESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND POLICY 

MAKING FROM A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE 


Chair Gerald Gamm, University of Rochester 

Paper Squatters and the Development of the American Welfare State 

Ilia Murtazashvili, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: Antebellum land policy benefiting squatters represents 

the initial welfare program in the US. I develop a theory of 

squatter organizational capacity in order to analyze contentious 

votes on land policy in the House between 1840 and 1860. 

Paper Chinese Exclusion in the Gilded Age: Strategic Position 

Changes in Congress 

Jungkun Seo, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: I examine why and how radical Republicans came to 

support Chinese exclusion in the 1880s. I argue that the desire to 

retain the presidency, a valuable party source in the Gilded Age, 

led the party of Lincoln to forgo their support of civil rights. 

Paper Voting at the Constitutional Convention: A Re-examination of 

Sixteen Votes 

Keith L. Dougherty, University of Georgia 

Jac C. Heckelman, Wake Forest University 

Overview: This paper re-examines sixteen votes on delegate 

voting at the Constitutional Convention, originally inferred by 

McDonald (1958) and later analyzed by McGuire (1988, 2003) 

and McGuire and Ohsfeldt (1984, 1986). 

Page | 114 

Paper Historical Evidence on the Origins of the House Committee 

System, 1789-1828 

Thomas H. Hammond, Michigan State University 

Nathan W. Monroe, Michigan State University 

Overview: This paper qualitatively tests various theories -- 

informational, partisan, social-choice, workload, and multiinstitutional 

-- advanced to explain the origins of the standing 

committee system of the House of Representatives from 1789 to 

1828. 

Disc. Timothy P. Nokken, University of Houston 

Gerald Gamm, University of Rochester 

39-21 LOBBYING CONGRESS (Co-sponsored with Political 

Parties and Interest Groups, see 37-14) 


Chair Kevin M. Esterling, University of California, Riverside 

Paper Does Grassroots Lobbying Work?: Results from a Field 

Experiment 

Daniel E. Bergan, Yale University 

Overview: The analysis in this paper circumvents methodological 

problems that plague existing studies on the effects of lobbying by 

randomly assigning legislators to be contacted by a grassroots 

email lobbying campaign. 

Paper Hearing from the Usual Suspects: Public Advocacy in 

Congressional Testimony 

Matt J. Grossmann, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: I explain how and why some advocacy organizations 

are invited to testify in Congressional hearings. Using interview 

materials and new data on 1,600 organizations, I demonstrate that 

structure, rather than ideology or strategy, determines 

involvement. 

Paper Policy Changes, Industry Characteristics, and U.S. Business 

Lobbying, 1981-2004 


Lee Drutman, University of California, Berkeley 

Kay L. Schlozman, Boston College 

Sidney Verba, Harvard University 

Overview: Using a new database on Washington lobbying by all 

1100 firms in Standard & Poor's 500 list from 1981 to 2004, we 

examine the impacts of firm characteristics and the changing 

political environment on lobbying efforts. 

Disc. Kristina Miler, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Kevin M. Esterling, University of California, Riverside 

40-6 CANDIDATE POSITIONING IN CONGRESSIONAL 

ELECTIONS 


Chair Tracy Sulkin, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Paper Moderation and the Electoral Connection in the U.S. House 

Jeremiah J. Garretson, Vanderbilt University 

Overview: Using Bayesian ideal-point estimates, I show that 

legislators in the U.S. House moderate strategically when in 

electoral danger. Unfortunately for the legislator, the more they 

moderate, the fewer votes they receive on Election Day. 

Paper Out of Step Is Different from Stepping Out 

George Rabinowitz, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Stuart E. Macdonald, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Overview: To what extent does extremity from Congress members 

lead to reduced electoral success? Assuming valence advantage 

for incumbents and applying the directional theory of voting, a set 

of paradoxical predictions are made and then empirically tested. 

Paper Candidate Divergence from a Threat of Third Party Entry 

Daniel Lee, Duke University 

Overview: This paper analyzes spatial competition between two 

major parties under the threat of third party entry. Major party 

divergence increases as the threat of entry increases. This result is 

supported in an analysis of the 1996 U.S. House elections.

Paper Explaining the Increased Polarization in the U.S. Congress 

Daniel M Butler, Stanford University 

Overview: I model candidates facing the choice between 

mobilizing their base or persuading swing voters. I test the model 

both cross-sectionally and over time and show how changes in the 

two parties’ bases have led to increased congressional 

polarization. 

Paper Candidate Valence and Ideological Positioning in U.S. House 

Elections 

Walter J. Stone, University of California, Davis 

Elizabeth Simas, University of California, Davis 

Cherie D. Maestas, Florida State University 

L. Sandy Maisel, Colby College 

Overview: The purpose of our paper is to explore the relationships 

between candidate's valence-based strategies and positioning on 

the left-right scale in U.S. House elections. 

Disc. Tracy Sulkin, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Robert Jackson, Florida State University 

41-3 RESPONDING TO PRINCIPALS AND 

PRECEDENTS (Co-sponsored with Public Law, see 

42-16) 


Chair Paul M. Collins, University of Houston 

Paper Supreme Court Monitoring Via GVRs 

Sara C. Benesh, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 

Jennifer K. Luse, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 

Amanda Schaefer, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 

Nicole Simmons, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 

Overview: In this paper, we consider use of Grant, Vacate, and 

Remand dispositions by the U.S. Supreme Court as a cost 

effective means by which it can monitor its agents (the lower 

courts). 

Paper Comparing the Influence of the Courts on NLRB Rulings 

Robert M. Howard, Georgia State University 

Cole Taratoot, Georgia State University 

Overview: Examining cross sectional time series data from 2000 

until 2000 we analyze the influence of the Supreme Court and 

Courts of Appeals on Administrative Law Judge Rulings on the 

NLRB. 

Paper Dynamic Deference in the Judicial Hierarchy 

Maxwell H. Mak, Stony Brook University 

Overview: Using the principal-agent framework, I examine the 

relationship between Supreme Court and Circuit Court liberalism. 

I test whether the circuit courts are sensitive to Court liberalism 

and to what degree that sensitivity exists in judicial hierarchy. 

Paper The U.S. Supreme Court As Agent: Rethinking Court 

Hierarchy 

Charles A. Smith, University of Miami 

Overview: The Supreme Court is configured as the Agent and the 

lower courts Principals, supported by a theoretical argument, 

empirical data, and a formal model. 

Paper Deference or Defiance: Explaining Court of Appeals Decision 

Making During the Rehnquist Era 

Nathaniel R. Vanden Brook, Western Michigan University 

Mark S. Hurwitz, Western Michigan University 

Ashlyn K. Kuersten, Western Michigan University 

Overview: Current research does not account for the long leash 

given to the circuit courts upon the elevation of William Rehnquist 

to Chief Justice. During Rehnquist’s tenure as Chief, the number 

of cases from the appellate courts that were granted cert 

diminished. 

Disc. Paul M. Collins, University of Houston 

Chad Westerland, University of Arizona 

42-2 COMPARATIVE LAW, LEGITIMACY, AND 

CONSTITUTIONAL DESIGN (Co-sponsored by 

Comparative Politics: Industrialized Countries, see 2- 

16) 


Chair Rhonda L. Evans-Case, East Carolina University 

Paper Constitution, Legitimacy, and Democracy in Turkey 

M. F. Bilgin, Sakarya University 

Overview: In this work, I develop a notion of constitutional 

legitimacy vis-à-vis the idea of democracy and apply this notion to 

Turkey. 

Paper National Human Rights Institutions in the Courts: A 

Comparative Study 

Rhonda L. Evans Case, East Carolina University 

Overview: This paper examines the role of National Human 

Rights Institutions in the institutionalization of human rights 

principles at the national level and explores the ways in which 

NHRIs can be consequential politico-legal actors through the 

courts. 

Paper Tuning: Constitutional Emplotment under the Confucian Rule 

of Ritual 

Jin-Ha Kim, University of Chicago 

Overview: Can the pursuit of power promote ethical personality, 

which retains elective affinity with civic virtues? This paper 

examines the Confucian ecomusical principle of ‘Tuning’ and the 

Chosen Korean case of ritual constitutionalism. 

Paper Whose Community? Same-Sex Jurisprudence in the U.S, 

Germany and South Africa 

Jeremy H. Rabideau, University of Notre Dame 

Richard Ledet, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: The comparative jurisprudences of the United States, 

Germany, and South Africa in the domain of same-sex rights are 

analyzed and reflected back to Thomistic notions of natural law. 

Paper Quality of the Judiciary vs. Corruption Perception: A 

Comparative Analysis 

Raul A. Sanchez Urribarri, University of South Carolina 

Overview: This work discusses the impact of judicial quality on 

corruption perception, within a worldwide cross-section sample of 

countries. It addresses theoretical questions with respect to this 

relationship, and uses a quantitative model to explore it. 

Disc. David M. Speak, California Polytechnic University, Pomona 

42-14 RIGHTS, INTERNATIONAL LAW, AND 

CONTEMPORARY CRISES 


Chair Emilia Powell, Georgia Southern University 

Paper What Happens When Institutions Attempt To Quash Habeas 

Corpus? 

Dana R. B. Adams, University of Minnesota 

Overview: Why did the number of federal habeas corpus cases 

spike following enactment of the AEDPA? I offer a predictive 

model to solve this puzzle. Implications of AEDPA data for 

habeas in the War on Terror are discussed. 

Paper Judicial Ambiguity and Asylum Law in the United States 

Canada and Australia 

Rebecca Hamlin, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: Domestic legislative context and administrative 

structure shape and constrain the way that international refugee 

law is interpreted by courts in the United States, Canada and 

Australia, leading to more ambiguity in some nations than in 

others. 

Paper Globalization and the Future of Constitutional Law 

David S. Law, University of San Diego & University of 

California, San Diego 

Overview: This paper explores the thesis that international 

competition for capital and skilled labor, self-interested emulation 

of the constitutional policies of hegemonic states, and pressures to 

conform to the norms and expectations of world culture are 

driving. 

Page | 115

Paper Presidential Power in the Post-HAMDAN World 

H. L.. Pohlman, Dickinson College 

Overview: HAMDAN V. RUMSFELD was a pivotal decision. It 

cut back on presidential power at the same time it invited 

Congress to address a number of important issues. At this point, it 

seems very likely that Congress will respond by enacting The 

Military Commission. 

Disc. Lynda Dodd, American University 

45-3 RACE, CLASS, AND CITY SERVICES 


Chair Paul Lewis, Arizona State University 

Paper When Money Matters: Black Mayors and Social Service 

Carla Jackson, Ohio State University 

Overview: What role do Black mayors play in helping to increase 

the health of their cities? I analyze the local budgets of 125 cities 

with respect to schools, aide to the poor, health and housing 

services. 

Paper Perceptions of the Consequences of City-County 

Consolidation 

Thomas Longoria, Jr., Texas Tech University 

Susan Keim, University of Kansas 

Overview: This study examines racial differences in the 

perceptions of the consequences of consolidation in terms of 

responsiveness, representation, ethics, and efficiency in the case of 

the Kansas City, Kansas/Wyandotte County consolidation in 1997. 

Paper Does Empowerment Matter? Biracial Employment Allocation 

in Municipal Private Jobs 

Chung-li Wu, Academia Sinica 

Overview: This study examines the impact of political 

empowerment on employment opportunities in the private sector 

for black-and-white allocation in 2002. 

Disc. Paul Lewis, Arizona State University 

Brady Baybeck, University of Missouri, St. Louis 

46-4 APPLICATIONS OF PUNCTUATED EQUILIBRIA 


Chair Jeff S. Worsham, West Virginia University 

Paper Policy Entrepreneurship and Policy Change: A Critique of 

Punctuated Equilibrium Theory 

Gordon Shockley, Arizona State University 

Overview: This paper critiques Baumgartner and Jones' 

punctuated equilibrium theory by exploring the relationship 

between policy entrepreneurship and policy change in their model. 

It finds that policy entrepreneurship is at best incidental in PET. 

Paper A Real Gusher: The Birth and Maturation of the Petroleum 

Subsystem, 1914-2006 

Jeff S. Worsham, West Virginia University 

Overview: This study, which tracks the birth and evolution of the 

petroleum subsystem, is the final part of a larger study that 

examines the interplay of positive and negative feedback 

mechanisms in the maintenance of institutionally induced policy 

equilibria in U.S. 

Paper Up and Down: Punctuated Equilibria and Issue-Attention 

Cycling in the News 

Amber E. Boydstun, Pennsylvania State University 

Overview: Based on all NYT front-page articles, 2000 to 2006, 

this paper demonstrates punctuated equilibrium in agenda-setting 

dynamics, illustrates the issue-attention cycle, and discusses when 

coverage does and does not track real world policy concerns. 

Paper Material and Symbolic Variations in Punctuated Equilibrium 

Michael S. Givel, University of Oklahoma 

Overview: Sometimes, sharp punctuations to a policy system are 

largely symbolic rather than material. This paper examines recent 

symbolic punctuated state tobacco policy making to assess 

possible future directions in policy process analysis and theory. 

Disc. Michael J. Licari, University of Northern Iowa 

Page | 116 

46-15 POLICY AGENDAS AND ADOPTION 


Chair Melissa J. Scheier, Georgetown College 

Paper School Responses to Perceived Competition under Universal 

School Choice 

Elif Erisen, Stony Brook University 

Gregory Elacqua, Princeton University 

Jack Buckley, Teachers College 

Overview: This paper investigates school responses to competition 

that are non-academic such as promotional activities. It examines 

the dimensions of competition based on principal surveys and 

employs a new competition measure in its models of school 

behavior. 

Paper Achieving Sustainability through Disaster Resistance 

Allison F. Houlihan, University of Louisville 

Overview: This paper examines current approaches towards 

sustainable development in the U.S. and argues that disaster 

resistance is a critical and neglected component. It identifies the 

necessary steps to incorporate disaster resistance into policy 

agendas. 

Paper Re-examining Policy Diffusion: The Case of State Lotteries 

Joshua L. Mitchell, Southern Illinois University 

Overview: Policy diffusion has been studied frequently in political 

science. I update the Berry & Berry (1990) data and examine 

whether policy diffusion is still a function of geographic proximity 

and internal state characteristics. 

Disc. Christopher W. Larimer, University of Northern Iowa 

Paul J. Culhane, Northern Illinois University 

48-2 FISCAL POLICY 


Chair Markus Stierli, University of Zurich 

Paper The Market for Regional Convergence: Parties, Institutions, 

and Policies 

Tobias Hofmann, Princeton University 

Overview: Modeling and testing interactions between regional 

integration and the national demand for and supply of policy 

change, I explain how political institutions constrain convergence 

of fiscal policies in Regional Integration Agreements. 

Paper Political Weight of Voters and Size of Governments 

Slava Mikhaylov, Trinity College, Dublin 

Overview: Paper proposes operationalisation of voters' political 

weight in models of government size, and provides empirical 

analysis of resulting model with emphases on international 

constraints, endogeneity of political weight term and its 

measurement error. 

Disc. Markus Stierli, University of Zurich 

49-2 ENVIRONMENTAL POLITICS IN A 

COMPARATIVE CONTEXT 


Chair Guy Whitten, Texas A&M University 

Paper Can Trade Green China? Participation in the Global 

Economy and the Environmental performance on Chinese 

Firms 

Phillip B. Stalley, Princeton University 

Overview: Research on trade and the environment leads one to 

anticipate that integration into the international economy enhances 

the environmental behavior of developing country firms. This 

paper tests this proposition by exploring how interaction with 

foreign companies and markets influences the environmental 

practices of Chinese firms. 

Paper The Impact of Democracy on International Environmental 

Commitment 

Joel R. Carbonell, University of California 

Overview: This study provides evidence that certain democratic 

institutional arrangements may increase a state’s compliance to 

international environmental agreements and treaties.

Paper Is Convergence of Environmentally Sustainable Policy 

Possible? 

Zbigniew Broniszewski, West Virginia University 

Overview: This comparative analysis of Brazil, Germany, and the 

United States will enhance the understanding of the complex 

nature of the domestic policymaking processes that make 

convergence of environmentally sustainable policy more difficult. 

Disc. Lori M. Poloni-Staudinger, Northern Arizona University 

50-4 REPRESENTATIVE BUREAUCRACY AND 

ORGANIZATIONAL REALITIES 


Chair Geralyn M. Miller, Indiana University Purdue University, Fort 

Wayne 

Paper Belonging, Believing, Behaving: The Religious Character of 

Public Servants 

Patricia Freeland, University of Tennessee 

David Houston, University of Tennessee 

Overview: What is the religious character of public servants and 

how does it compare to those that have not pursued a career in 

public service? Data from various General Social Surveys are 

examined using multinomial and ordinal logistic regression. 

Paper Representative Bureaucracy: Attitudes and Active 

Representation 

David M. Konisky, University of Missouri, Columbia 

Overview: I examine representative bureaucracy in the context of 

environmental regulation, using data from the State Environmental 

Managers Survey and the MIT PORTL Pilot Study. 

Paper Representative Bureaucracy, Hierarchy, and Policy Tools: An 

Analysis of Ethnic Representation 

David Pitts, Georgia State University 

Christine Roch, Georgia State University 

Overview: This paper uses Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM) 

to test the effect of ethnic representation at multiple organizational 

levels on the types of policy tools used by organizations to achieve 

their goals. 

Paper How Social Status and Official Position Influence 

Administrators’ Authority 

Shannon K. Portillo, University of Kansas 

Overview: As more women and minorities gain positions of 

authority in public agencies, the question of how authority is 

exercised becomes increasingly important. I explore the influence 

of social status and official position on administrators’ use of 

authority. 

Paper Understanding Religious Involvement and Public Service 

Motivation 

Roger P. Rose, Benedictine University 

Overview: This paper argues that higher levels of involvement in 

religous organizations tends to discourage public service, 

especailly among those from evangelical and fundamentalist 

religious denominations. 

Disc. Gene A. Brewer, University of Georgia 

Manny Teodoro, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 

50-15 NETWORKING: IMPLICATIONS FOR AGENCY 

BEHAVIOR 


Chair John T. Scholz, Florida State University 

Paper A Successful Model of Network Management in Overlapping 

Health and Human Service Delivery Networks 

Curt H. Wood, Northern Illinois University 

Overview: The purpose of this paper is to test social network and 

complexity/chaos theory by mapping and evaluating four human 

and health intersectoral service implementation social network 

structures in DuPage County, Illinois. 

Paper Collaboration and Competition: Strategic Behaviors of 

Charter Schools 

Heath A. Brown, Roanoke College 

Thomas Holyoke, California State University, Fresno 

Overview: This paper seeks to integrate theories on the strategic 

behaviors of non-profits by examining the interplay between 1) 

organizational participation in political coalitions and 2) 

cooperation in the operational partnerships. 

Paper Network Structure and Contract Management Tools: What 

Community-Based Care (CBC) Tell Us 

Bok-Tae Kim, Florda State University 

Frances S. Berry, Florida State University 

Overview: This research studies how different network structure 

affects the choice of contract management tools within CBC 

networks. The paper synthesizes Transaction Cost Economics 

(TCE) and social network theory to explore this relationship. 

Paper The Ties That Bind: Managerial Networking Under Legal 

Influence 

Christine B. Ledvinka, University of Georgia 

Overview: Research shows that increased management 

networking yields higher organizational performance. I use 

O’Toole and Meier’s public management model to test the impact 

of managerial networking with actors who hold legal authority 

over the organization. 

Paper The Dynamics of Environmental Management 

Stephen A. Sargent, Texas A&M University 

Overview: This work uses large-n data and presents the concepts 

of internal and external networking as a framework for 

understanding how network management contributes to improved 

organizational performance. 

Disc. Wendy Xinfang Gao, Florida State University 

John T. Scholz, Florida State University 

52-1 SOCIALIZATION TO POLITICAL SYSTEMS 


Chair Alan Gitelson, Loyola University 

Paper The Social Origins of Authoritarian Values: Economic 

Inequality and Political Culture in the Advanced Democracies 

Frederick Solt, Southern Illinois University 

Overview: Why do the citizens of some countries express more 

respect for authority? This paper uses multilevel models and 

WVS data to test the hypothesis that inequality increases 

authoritarianism against economic-modernization and cultural 

explanations. 

Paper A Year in the Life of a Soldier: A Survey of Foreign Military 

Officers 

Carol Atkinson, University of Southern California 

Overview: This paper reports findings from a recent survey of 

foreign military officers attending a U.S. military staff college. 

The survey assessed development of cross-cultural ties, attitudes, 

and values as part of a wider study of democratic socialization. 

Paper The Political Re-Socialization of Immigrants 

Stephen E. White, University of Toronto 

Neil H. Nevitte, University of Toronto 

André Blais, Université de Montréal 

Elisabeth Gidengil, McGill University 

Patrick Fournier, Université de Montréal 

Overview: Using pooled election study data in an immigrant rich 

country, Canada, and focusing on political engagement and 

participation, this paper explores how immigrants adjust their 

political orientations and behaviour to their new host political 

system. 

Paper Partisanship of Young Voters: 9/11 as a Catalyst for Preadult 

Socialization 

Andrea R. Vieux, University of Kansas 

Overview: This research uses the NES Panel Data from 2000- 

2004 to test the theory of political events as catalysts for preadult 

socialization of partisanship. It examines the influence of the 

events of 9/11 on the partisanship of younger people. 

Paper Positive Tolerance and Gay and Lesbian Marriage and 

Adoption 

Stephen W. Moore, University of North Carolina,Chapel Hill 

Gregory A. Petrow, University of Nebraska, Omaha 

Joel Hebrink, University of Nebraska, Omaha 

Victoria Lee, University of Nebraska, Omaha 

Overview: We begin the empirical study of positive tolerance: an 

obligation people feel to help disliked groups. We develop a scale 

to measure it. We find it leads people prejudiced against gays and 

lesbians to support gay and lesbian marriage and adoption. 

Disc. Philip Habel, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale 

Page | 117

53-4 RELIGION AND U.S. ELECTIONS 


Chair Kimberly H. Conger, Iowa State University 

Paper When Religion is an Issue: Mitt Romney's Campaigns in 

Massachusetts 

Reed L. Welch, West Texas A&M University 

Ric W. Jensen, Northwestern State University 

Overview: Examines Mitt Romney’s handling of questions about 

his religion in previous campaigns to better understand how 

candidates should manage these kinds of questions and to gain 

insight into how Romney might deal with his religion in a 

presidential run. 

Paper Affect, Identity, and Image in the Religious Rhetoric of 

Presidential Candidates 

Christopher B. Chapp, University of Minnesota 

Overview: This paper uses content analysis to examine religious 

rhetoric in presidential campaign speech. I identify several modes 

of religious discourse that may play an important role in candidate 

evaluation and ultimately vote choice. 

Paper Religion and the 2006 Vote 

Stephen T. Mockabee, University of Cincinnati 

Overview: This paper uses data from a variety of national- and 

state-level surveys to examine the influence of religion on voting 

behavior in the 2006 elections. 

Disc. Laura R. Olson, Clemson University 

Mary Segers, Rutgers University 

55-4 STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING EDUCATION 


Chair Don Racheter, Public Interest Institute 

Paper Active Learning Strategies in the Teaching of Research 

Methods 

John W. Williams, Principia College 

Overview: Active learning, especially the techniques of project 

learning, has been central to the teaching of research methods at 

Principia College. This paper documents the strategies that make 

the course so successful—strategies that are easily replicable. 

Paper Connecting Student Outcomes to Exam Preparation Strategies 

Steve Vanderheiden, University of Minnesota, Duluth 

Janet Donavan, University of Minnesota, Duluth 

Overview: We examine pre- and post-exam surveys of student 

learning strategies in two introductory courses, distinguishing 

effective from ineffective strategies based in student selfreflection 

and correlations between identified strategies and 

outcomes. 

Paper WAC: Working Across the Curriculum? 

Michelle C. Boomgaard, Muskingum College 

Overview: This paper tests the effectiveness of Writing Across the 

Curriculum (WAC) techniques in an introductory political science 

class by comparing final exam results and surveying students in 

classes taught by the same professor. 

Paper Revising the Classics 

Miriam S. Wilson, University of Toledo 

Overview: Teaching students to be critical consumers of the 

seminal work in Political Science and Public Administration is 

more meaningful when they are required to revise classic 

literature. 

Disc. S. Suzan J. Harkness, University of District of Columbia 

Don Racheter, Public Interest Institute 

58-1 LITERATURE AND POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY 


Chair Warner Winborne, Hampden-Sydney College 

Paper Shakespearean Poetry as an Approach to Political Philosophy 

Morton J. Frisch, Northern Illinois University 

Overview: The English history plays represent a modest effort in 

the direction of political thought within which political lessons can 

be learned from Shakespeare's dramatic presentations. 

Paper Domestic Housewives vs. Women Monarchs 

Megan N. Kerr, Northern Illinois University 

Overview: According to Shakespeare, should political regimes 

encourage women to be directly involved in political affairs or to 

refrain from exerting any significant political influence? 

Page | 118 

Paper Aristotle, Aesop, and Animals 

Edward W. Clayton, Central Michigan University 

Overview: This paper uses Aristotle's understanding of animals to 

examine the conception of animals in Aesop's Fables. I argue that 

reading the fables in the context of Aristotle's conception of 

animals reveals political meanings not evident on the surface. 

Paper Politics and Cosmic Realignment in Sophoclean and 

Euripidean Drama 

Erik W. Kuiler, George Mason University 

Connie L. McNeely, George Mason University 

Overview: Engaging a dramaturgical frame to examine problems 

of political and social conflict, we employ selected works of 

Sophocles and Euripides to discuss how the polis copes with the 

threat of disorder. 

Disc. Carson Holloway, University of Nebraska, Omaha 

WarnerWinborne, Hampden-Sydney College 

59-101 ROUNDTABLE: SAME-SEX MARRIAGE 

LITIGATION AND SOCIAL CHANGE (Co-sponsored 

with Public Law, see 42-104) 


Chair Kathleen Hale, Auburn University 

Panelist Ellen Andersen, Indiana University Purdue University, 

Indianapolis 

Jason Pierceson, University of Illinois, Springfield 

Daniel R. Pinello, City University of New York 

Daniel R. Pinello, City University of New York 

Gerald Rosenberg, University of Chicago 

Overview: This roundtable examines the effectiveness of samesex 

marriage litigation in the U.S. in achieving social change in 

the area of relationship equality.


1-114 ROUNDTABLE: THE POLITICS OF THE JOB 

MARKET 


Chair Julie Novkov, SUNY, Albany 

Panelist Larry Bartels, Princeton University 

Paul A. Beck, Ohio State University 

Susan Burgess, Ohio University 

John Huber, Columbia University 

Paula McClain, Duke University 

Kay L. Scholzman, Boston College 

Overview: Panelists will provide professional advice about the job 

market. 

1-117 AUTHOR MEETS CRITICS: POLITICS IN THE 

LABORATORY 


Panelist Gary M. Segura, University of Washington, Seattle 

Ira H. Carmen, University of Illinois 

J. David Singer, University of Michigan 

John Hibbing, University of Nebraska 

Dianne Pinderhughes, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: Author Meets Critics: "Politics in the Laboratory: The 

Constitution of Human Genomics" by Ira Carmen. 

2-6 SUBCONSTITUENCY REPRESENTATION: 

EUROPE AND THE UNITED STATES 


Chair Martin Gilens, Princeton University 

Paper Dynamic Representation in European Democracies: Who do 

Political Parties Represent? 

James Adams, University of California, Davis 

Lawrence Ezrow, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam 

Overview: TBA 

Paper The Subconstituency Politics Theory of Representation 

Benjamin Bishin, University of California, Riverside 

Overview: TBA 

Paper Dynamic Correspondence versus Dynamic Representation: Do 

Parties Respond to their Supporters or to the Median Voter? 

Erica Edwards, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Marco Steenbergen, University of North Carolina 

Catherine E. De Vries, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam 

Overview: TBA 

Paper Party Polarization and Representation 

John Griffin, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: TBA 

Paper Electoral Politics and Poverty Relief: How Changing Electoral 

Incentives Can Help the Poor 

Karen Long Jusko, University of Michigan 

Overview: TBA 

Disc. Martin Gilens, Princeton University 

3-21 REGIME STABILITY 


Chair Gilles Serra, Harvard University 

Paper Democracy and Quality of Government in Latin America: An 

Empirical Analysis 

Guillermo M. Cejudo, Centro de Investigación y Docencia 

Económicas 

Overview: I argue that the quality of government in Latin America 

is improved by the introduction of political constraints on the 

Executive and a free press, which have a greater impact than other 

components of democracy such as competition and participation. 

Paper Thailand Institutions and the 2006 Coup: Decentralization 

and Empowerment 

Jeanne-Marie Col, City University of New York 

Overview: The 2006 politico-military coup in Thailand, unlike 

past coups, confronted newly empowered citizens as a result of 

recent governance programs, such as decentralization, people 

participation, and performance management. 

Paper Democratic Stability in Divided Societies: An Empirical 

Examination 

Cengiz Erisen, SUNY, Stony Brook 

Overview: This study elaborates on the question of why divided 

societies face particular obstacles in maintaining democracy 

through an empirical examination of political institutional settings 

in 142 countries. 

Paper One Man, One Vote, One Party: The Democratic Dominance 

of the BDP and ANC 

John M. French, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Overview: Using institutional analysis of government performance 

as well as survey data, this paper argues that the lack of political 

turnover in Botswana and South Africa does not indicate that their 

democracies are either unstable or unconsolidated. 

Paper Transitional Conflicts in South Africa and South Korea 

G. Jiyun Kim, University of Michigan 

Overview: I analyze the nature and the timing of political 

stabilization in five episodes of transitional conflicts in South 

Africa and South Korea. 

Disc. Gilles Serra, Harvard University 

3-301 POSTER SESSION: COMPARATIVE POLITICS: 

DEVELOPING COUNTRIES 


Presenter Who Needs DINGOS: Developmental INGOs and Economic 

and Human Development 

(Board 1) 

Amanda M. Murdie, Emory University 

Jakub Kakietek, Emory University 

Overview: We examine the impact of International Developmental 

NGOs on different economic and human development indicators. 

Presenter From "Mass Campaign" to "Fire-Alarm": Explaining the 

Emergence of Administrative Litigation in China 

(Board 2) 

Yi Zhao, Grand Valley State University 

Overview: The paper argues that the administrative litigation was 

initiated in China as part of the effort to introduce what Mathew 

McCubbins and Thomas Schwartz call “fire-alarm” mechanism to 

supervise bureaucracy. 

Presenter The Exaggeration of Muslim Clerical Leadership 

(Board 3) 

Julie E. Taylor, Princeton University 

Overview: I argue that clerical leadership has been exaggerated 

due to poor case selection, inaccurate motive imputation, and the 

tendency for clerics to trigger bandwagoning. 

Presenter Coercion, Capital and Insurgency 

(Board 4) 

Derek M. Glanz, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Overview: Insurgencies and states are often compared, but few 

systematic studies of their likeness exist. This paper examines the 

benefits and limitations of the conceptualization of insurgencies as 

æstates' using small-N data. 

4-3 PERSPECTIVES ON MEXICO'S TRANSITION TO 

DEMOCRACY II 


Chair Jonathan T. Hiskey, Vanderbilt University 

Paper Elections, Social Public Spending and Institutions in Mexico 

2000-2006 

Gabriela Perez-Yarahuán, Universidad Iberoamericana 

Overview: This paper explores the evolution of social public 

spending in Mexico in a time of democratic transition and high 

electoral competition. The data base used is annual municipal 

level data for a variety of social programs. 

Paper Diffuse Violent Crime and Democracy: Mexico in 

Comparative Perspective 

John J. Bailey, Georgetown University 

Gustavo A. Flores, Georgetown University 

Overview: Democratic transitions in Latin America and elsewhere 

coincided with sharp increases in violent crime. Fragile 

democracies were poorly prepared to cope with criminal violence, 

which—in many cases—contributed to an erosion of popular 

support for regime. 

Page | 119

Paper Accountability at Risk: The Ability to Sanction Bureaucratic 

Agencies 

Alejandra Rios-Cazares, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: Political competition shapes legislators’ incentives to 

control bureaucratic agencies and affects the organization and 

resources of auditing institutions. Problems legislators face to 

enforce sanctions are explained. 

Paper The Long Road to Democracy: The Political Logic of 

Bureaucratic Reform in Mexico 

Jeeyang R. Baum, University of California, San Diego 

Alejandra Rios-Cazares, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: Why do dominant presidents cede power by opening 

up their bureaucracies? Using Mexico as a case study, we argue 

that they do so to enhance their control over recalcitrant 

bureaucrats. 

Paper The Party’s Over: Citizen Disenchantment in Mexico’s 

Emerging Democracy 

David Crow, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: Some five years after the watershed 2000 Mexican 

elections, the "democratic fiesta" has fizzled out. Based on an 

original, NSF-funded survey from June, 2006, this paper explores 

the causes and consequences of Mexican disenchantment with 

democracy. 

Disc. Jonathan T. Hiskey, Vanderbilt University 

7-7 COMMITTEES AND COUNCILS: POLICYMAKING 

IN THE EU 


Chair Andreas K. Warntjen, London School of Economics 

Paper The EU Comitology System: Intergovernmental Bargaining or 

Deliberation? 

Jens Blom-Hansen, University of Aarhus 

Overview: In the 2-300 comitology committees the EU member 

states monitor the EU Commission. Are the committees 

characterized by intergovernmental bargaining or supranational 

deliberation? Data from a survey of all comitology committees 

provides an answer. 

Paper Committee Governance in EU Information Society Policy 

Alison J. Harcourt, University of Exeter 

Overview: The academic debate on EU committee governance is 

investigated with specific case study: the EU’s information society 

policy. The paper investigates the legitimacy and effectiveness of 

committee governance as a "soft" form of regulation. 

Paper The Impact of Potential Ratification Failure on 

Intergovernmental Negotiation Processes 

Hartmut Lenz, Oxford University 

Overview: The article analyzes the impact of possible ratification 

failure on the intergovernmental negotiation process. I develop a 

formal model based on a “Nash variable threat model”, which 

allows to account for the consequences of a ratification failure. 

Paper The Practice of Consensus in the EU Council of Ministers 

Stephanie J. Novak, Harvard University 

Overview: In the Council of the EU, most of the decisions which 

should be made by qualified majority voting are actually made by 

consensus. I will attempt to explain this phenomenon and to show 

how consensus differs from unanimity decision. 

Paper Divesting Power - EC Comitology and GMO Approvals 

Marko Papic, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: This paper seeks to explain why Member States of the 

EU abdicate their "control" over the Commission when making 

regulatory decisions regarding the approval of Genetically 

Modified Organisms. 

Disc. Tobias Schulz, University of Zurich 

Daniel Finke, German University of Administrative Science 

8-5 CITIZEN PARTICIPATION IN LATIN AMERICA 


Chair David H. Richards, Texas Lutheran University 

Paper The Cutting Edge of Civility: Civil Society and Rule of Law in 

Rural Peru 

Luis F. Mantilla, Georgetown University 

Overview: This paper uses data regarding social conflicts in rural 

Peru to analyze the role played by local, voluntary associations in 

Page | 120 

checking governmental authority in an environment characterized 

by weak rule of law. 

Paper Decentralization, Citizenship and Democracy: The Ley de 

Participacion Popular in Bolivia 

Françoise Montambeault, McGill University 

Overview: The paper develops a theoretical framework for 

analyzing the social construction of citizenship at the local level in 

Latin America. It argues that decentralization at the city level 

provides new formal spaces for the development of civil society. 

Paper Countering Hegemony: The Salvadoran Popular Movements’ 

Resistance Strategies 

Hector Perla, Ohio University 

Overview: Countering Hegemony: U.S. Foreign Policy & the 

Salvadoran Popular Movements’ Contentious Resistance 

Strategies. 

Paper Cuba in the Post-Soviet Era: Policy Decentralization and 

Social Networks 

Melissa Scheier, Georgetown College 

Overview: This paper explores agricultural policy decentralization 

in Cuba as a possible avenue to economic liberalization. Special 

focus is placed on the effect of policy decentralization on the 

formation of economic (social) networks. 

Disc. Eduardo Frajman, Saint Xavier University 

9-3 EXPLORATIONS INTO THE ASIAN 

DEVELOPMENTAL STATE 


Chair Lichao He, University of Georgia 

Paper Legacy of Developmental States: Institution, Interests, and 

Ideas 

Haeran Lim, Seoul National University 

Overview: This study is designed to explore the transformative 

process of developmental states, by comparing various 

transformation processes and explaining causes of path-dependent 

characteristics of industrial policy in Korea and Taiwan, even in 

IT period. 

Paper Chinese Techno-Nationalism and the Three-Note Chord 

Evan C. McKay, DePaul University 

Overview: This paper examines Chinese techno-nationalism 

within three components of the national innovation system: 

research and development, technology diffusion, and standards 

setting. 

Paper Determinants of Policy Perception: The Case of Regulatory 

Reform of South Korea 

Jin-Wook Choi, Korea University 

Jun Koo, Korea University 

Tae-eun Kim, Korea University 

Overview: Applying the rational choice theory to the regulatory 

policymaking and implementation processes, this paper examines 

what determines the level of policy perception centering on the 

regulatory reform process in Korea since the 1990s. 

Disc. Alexander C. Tan, University of Canterbury 

10-2 TRUST AND SOCIAL CAPITAL IN AFRICA 


Chair Carolyn Logan, Michigan State University, East Lansing 

Paper A Vicious Circle of Corruption and Trust in State in sub- 

Saharan Africa: A Micro-level Analysis 

Wonbin Cho, Michigan State University 

Matthew F. Kirwin, Michigan State University 

Overview: Using Afrobarometer survey data, this study 

investigates how corruption and trust in state are related to each 

other. It argues that corruption and mistrust feed each other, 

producing vicious circles. 

Paper The Trust Gap: Attitudes Toward Ruling and Opposition 

Parties in Africa 

Carolyn Logan, Michigan State University 

Robert Mattes, University of Cape Town 

Overview: Using public opinion data collected by the 

Afrobarometer in 18 African countries, this papers seeks to 

explain variations in the aggregate, country-level “gaps” between 

positive attitudes toward ruling and opposition parties.

Paper Islam, Education, Trust and Ethnic Politics: The Case of 

Senegal 

Michelle T. Kuenzi, University of Nevada, Las Vegas 

Overview: This paper examines the relationship between different 

types of education, ethnicity and trust in religious leaders and 

Muslims orders in Senegal. 

Paper The Influence of Political and Economic Opportunism: 

Godfrey K. Wachira, Purdue University 

Overview: The paper will explore and investigate empirically the 

relationship between political allegience and perception towards 

extent of corruption, while taking into consideration contextual 

factors in sub-Saharan Africa. 

Disc. Carolyn Logan, Michigan State University, East Lansing 

11-2 THE EVOLUTION OF ISLAMIST MOVEMENTS 


Chair Husam A. Mohamad, University of Central Oklahoma 

Paper Hizbollah: A Proletarian Party with an Islamic Manifesto 

Imad Salamey, Lebanese American University 

Fred Pearson, Wayne State University 

Overview: This paper provides a sociopolitical analysis of the 

phenomena of Islamist politics while focusing on the experience 

of Hizbollah in Lebanon. 

Paper Evolving Modern Shi'i Political Movements in Iraq, Lebanon, 

and Iran 

Christopher Anzalone, Indiana University, Bloomington 

Overview: Shi‘i political thought in Iran, Iraq, and Lebanon has 

evolved following largely nationalist paths and political activists 

have challenged the traditional hierarchy of authority bringing in 

the question of whether it can adapt in order to survive. 

Paper Democratic Islamic Yuppies: Post-Islamism or Another 

Islamism? 

Ashraf N. El Sherif, Boston University 

Overview: This paper will analyze the new democratic profiles of 

the Islamic movements in Egypt, Turkey and Morocco discussing 

the ideational, contextual and organizational dynamics behind the 

democratization of those Islamic movements. 

Disc. Gunes Murat Tezcur, Loyola University 

Sherry R. Lowrance, University of Georgia 

13-4 CORRUPTION: WHAT, WHERE, AND WHY? 


Chair Alan R. Cordova, Monterey Institute of International Studies 

Paper External Factor in the Settlement of the Transnistria Conflict 

Vitalie I. Diaconu, Monterey Institute of International Studies 

Overview: The paper will analyze the role of international 

community in reaching a peaceful solution for the Transnistria 

conflict between the central government of Moldova and the 

separatist regime from the left bank of the Dniestr River. 

Paper How Does Corruption Vary Across Regions in China? 

Jiangnan Zhu, Northwestern University 

Overview: China has seen deterioration of corruption in past 

years. This paper is interested in examining regional differences of 

corruption in China. It searches for proper measurement of 

corruption and explanation to the cross-region variations. 

Paper Corruption and Internal Party Organization: Bulgaria and 

Romania 

Sebastian Burca, Northwestern University 

Overview: The paper explains the different corruption levels 

present in Bulgaria and Romania in the 1996-2001 period, during 

the rule of reformist parties. Internal party characteristics are 

central to understanding the different outcomes. 

Disc. Cristina Corduneanu-Huci, Duke University 

15-4 THE DOMESTIC IMPETUS TO INTERNATIONAL 

WAR 


Chair Randall J. Blimes, University of Colorado 

Paper Diversionary War and the Sword of Democles: Domestic 

Demands in Relation to Conflict Initiation in the Middle East 

Ellen Lust-Okar, Yale University 

Gaye B. Muderrisoglu, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 

Overview: This paper presents a re-examination of the 

diversionary theory of war, focusing on how the nature and extent 

of opposition demands affects the probability of conflict initiation 

with other states. 

Paper The Threat of Diversionary Force: Testing Strategic Conflict 

Avoidance 

Jamil Sewell, University of Kentucky 

Overview: Examines the assumptions of strategic conflict 

avoidance by potential target states in response to incentives by 

other states to employ diversionary uses of force, then tests for the 

influence of strategic conflict avoidance in crisis behavior. 

Paper Utility to Use Force: Regime Type and the Source of Domestic 

Instability 

Cigdem Sirin, Texas A&M University 

Overview: This paper argues that the source of instability in a 

country (be it economic downturn, government instability, and/or 

socio-political unrest) determines the utility of external use of 

force and takes into account the differences across regime types. 

Paper Peace at What Price? Domestic Politics, Settlement Costs and 

War Termination 

Sarah E. Croco, University of Michigan 

Overview: This paper examines how different types of settlment 

costs factor into a leader's war termination decision. 

Disc. Randall J. Blimes, University of Colorado 

17-5 DEMOCRATIC PEACE RESEARCH 


Chair Benjamin O. Fordham, Binghamton University 

Paper Audience Costs: An Empirical Assessment 

Mark A. Souva, Florida State University 

David J. Lektzian, University of New Orleans 

Overview: Accountability theories of the democratic peace 

assume that democratic leaders experience higher audience costs 

than autocratic leaders for backing down in a dispute. We 

investigate this claim by analyzing cases in which a leader has 

backed down. 

Paper Dynamic Regime Difference and Democratic Peace 

Alex Weisiger, Columbia University 

Erik Gartzke, Columbia University 

Overview: We advance a dynamic theory of the democratic peace: 

joint regime type is particularly effective in facilitating peace 

when the type of government in question is scarce, implying that 

the democratic peace will weaken as democracies spread. 

Paper Regime Change in Rivalries as Critical Tests of the 

Democratic Peace 

Bann-Seng Tan, City University New York 

Yu-Sung Su, City University New York 

Overview: Does the rivalry between two states end when they are 

both democratic? The paper seeks to conduct critical tests of 

explanations of the democratic peace using two conceptions of 

enduring rivalries and strategic rivalries. 

Paper Peace, Power, and Democracy: Identifying the Reversed 

Causation of the Democratic Peace 

Dongsoo Kim, University of Georgia 

Overview: The explaration of the democratic peace is not 

complete until the reversed causation is considered. This study 

aims to identify the reversed causal relationship of the DP 

proposition and to examine the impact of international conflict on 

democracy. 

Disc. David L. Clark, Binghamton University 

Page | 121

18-102 ROUNDTABLE: PUBLIC OPINION AND THE IRAQ 

WAR: NEW DIRECTIONS IN RESEARCH 


Panelist Bethany Barratt, Roosevelt University 

Richard Sobel, Harvard University 

Wilhelm Vosse, International Christian University 

Christopher Whitney, Chicago Council on Foreign Relations 

Overview: Rarely has a single foreign policy event spawned as 

much interest in "international public opinion" as has the war in 

Iraq. Yet what does the Iraq War tell us about the extent to which 

public opinion influences the decisions of foreign policy leaders? 

20-2 IDENTITY POLITICS UNDER DEMOCRACY: 

BEFORE AND AFTER CONFLICT 


Chair Rebecca E. Blanton, City University of New York 

Paper The Role of the Median Voter in Fragmented Nationalist 

Movements 

Devashree Gupta, Carleton College 

Overview: This paper examines how rival nationalist 

organizations maximize their public support by locating 

themselves near the ideal policy preferences of the “median 

nationalist,”and explores the consequences of this strategy for the 

movement and its goals. 

Paper Determinants of Ethnic Voting: The Case of the Russian 

Minority 

Holley E. Hansen, University of Iowa 

Overview: Using regional-level data on parliamentary elections, 

this paper compares the Russian minority in 10 former Soviet 

republics and focuses on how socioeconomic status, ethnic 

competition, group resources, and electoral laws impact ethnic 

voting. 

Paper The Learning of National Identity in Bosnia-Herzegovina and 

Croatia 

Naomi Levy, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: This paper employs structural equation modeling to 

assess the effects of school organization and curriculum on the 

national identities of secondary school students in Bosnia- 

Herzegovina and Croatia. 

Paper A Mutual Advantage Theory of Democracy For Multiethnic 

Contexts 

Paul Aarons Ngomo, New York University 

Overview: I develop a normative account of the institutional 

conditions of the workability of democracy in multiethnic 

contexts. I refer primarily to the operation of democracy over time 

and the stabilizing prospects of its procedures in multiethnic 

polities. 

Paper Contention in the Kalahari: Indigenous Rights and 

Democracy in Botswana 

Danielle E. Resnick, Cornell University 

Overview: This paper examines how the treatment of the San 

jeopardizes the legitimacy of Botswana’s democracy and 

demonstrates how conflict within the San social movement over 

how to frame grievances against the state has been an asset rather 

than hindrance. 

Disc. Brian D. Shoup, Indiana University, Bloomington 

21-6 INFORMATION CONTEXT 


Chair Lori M. Weber, California State University, Chico 

Paper The Dynamic Formation of Candidate Evaluation 

Dona-Gene Mitchell, University of Illinois 

Jeffery J. Mondak, University of Illinois 

Overview: Online processing offers a depiction of information 

acquisition over time but past tests have been inherently static. We 

develop a more appropriate test via experiments that include a 

dynamic element with respect to the distribution of information. 

Paper How Predictive Appeals Shape Policy Opinions 

Jennifer Jerit, Florida State University 

Overview: This study reports the results of two survey-based 

experiments that examine how rhetoric about a policy's 

Page | 122 

consequences shapes peoples' opinions and their willingness to 

support policy change. 

Paper Choosing Sides: The Influence of Prominent Opinions on 

Policy Preferences 

Stacey L. Pelika, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: This paper investigates the influence of the opinions of 

prominent groups and individuals on public opinion in three 

policy areas: NAFTA, school vouchers, and immigration reform. 

Paper The Automatic Activation of Political Metaphors 

Todd K. Hartman, Stony Brook University 

Overview: The purpose of this study is to investigate the cognitive 

and affective associations that are created through the use of 

political metaphors. I test these questions in an experimental 

design using reaction time measures. 

Paper Political Judgment, Informational Asymmetries, and Influence 

Among Citizens 

Robert Huckfeldt, University of California, Davis 

T. K. Ahn, Florida State University 

John B. Ryan, University of California, Davis 

Overview: Informational asymmetries occur frequently and 

systematically within political communication networks, and this 

paper focuses on the implications for the quality and confidence of 

political judgments, as well as political influence among citizens. 

Disc. Neil Malhotra, Stanford University 

22-3 THE POLITICAL IMPLICATIONS OF VOTING 

LAWS 


Chair Charles H. Stewart, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 

Paper Conflicts on the Agenda?: Voter Registration and Political 

Participation 

Kathleen Hale, Auburn University 

Ramona McNeal, University of Illinois, Springfield 

Overview: This paper uses agenda setting theory to explain the 

impact of variation in voter registration and other election 

practices across the states. Multivariate statistical analysis over 

time tests factors that impact policy choice and voter turnout. 

Paper Voter Identification Requirements and Turnout 

Delia Bailey, California Institute of Technology 

Jonathan N. Katz, California Institute of Technology 

Overview: This paper utilizes data from 2000-2006 federal 

elections to estimate the impact of voter identification 

requirements on turnout. Modern statistical techniques such as 

hierarchical modeling and empirical Bayes estimators are 

employed. 

Paper Turning out Newly Registered Voters: The Effects of Election 

Day Vote Centers 

Robert M. Stein, Rice University 

Gregory Vonnahme, Rice University 

Overview: This study proposes to analyze the effects of election 

day vote centers on individual voter turnout, particularly among 

newly registered voters. 

Paper Voting Decision During Transition from Authoritarian 

Regime to Democracy 

Qi Zhang, Northwestern University 


Overview: We argue in transition country whether electoral rules 

are consistent with the expectation of electorates affects their 

evaluation of election and their decision to vote. Our hypothesis is 

confirmed by a survey data collected in 2004 in rural China. 

Paper Implications of Delegation of Voting Rights for Measuring 

Voting Behavior 

Jessica Trounstine, Princeton University 

Rebecca Morton, New York University 

Anna Bassi, New York University 

Overview: Most analyses of felon disenfranchisement assume that 

laws are implemented as written but voters and officials are often 

misinformed about who is eligible. We re-estimate the effect on 

elections when we take this disjuncture into consideration. 

Disc. Charles H. Stewart, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

23-3 INTERNET AND NEW CAMPAIGNING 

TECHNOLOGIES 


Chair Margaret Carne, Rhodes College 

Paper Campaigning on the Internet 

Joe L. Gaziano, Lewis University 

Laurette Liesen, Lewis University 

Overview: This paper examines how statewide campaigns are 

conducted over the Internet. It analyzes how this form of 

campaigning is similar to and different from the traditional model 

of campaigning. 

Paper Financing Primaries 1980-2008: Hosting Fundraisers, Web- 

Hosted Fundraising 

Christopher C. Hull, Georgetown University 

Overview: Have new money-gathering tools transformed, or just 

improved, presidential primary campaign fundraising? This paper 

analyzes dollar flows from Bush vs. Reagan in 1980 bout through 

Dean vs. Kerry in 2004, with a peek into 2008 fundraising as well. 

Paper The Rise of Consumer-Based Campaigns 

Richard J. Semiatin, American University 

Overview: Campaigns are changing from being candidate-driven 

races to being consumer-driven races. Technology is permanently 

changing campaigns. 

Paper Electronic Grassroots: Measuring the Impact of the Internet 

on the Campaign 


Jason Gainous, University of Louisville 

Overview: Using a sample of U.S. Congressional districts, we 

estimate both the quality and quantity of the campaign’s Internet 

presence for the incumbent and challenger and correlate those 

measures with electoral success. 

Disc. Donald A. Zinman, Grand Valley State University 

24-201 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: ELECTORAL 

SYSTEMS AND REPRESENTATION 


Presenter The Green Machine: Environmental Constituents and 

Congressional Voting 

Sarah E. Anderson, Stanford University 

Overview: This paper finds that Members of Congress respond to 

district membership in environmental groups by voting more proenvironmental. 

It assesses whether polarization has had an impact 

on how moderates respond to their constituency. 

Presenter Descriptive Representation in Congressional Offices 

Curt Ziniel, University of California, Riverside 

Overview: Racial demographics of the district are a better 

indicator of Congressional staff racial demographics than 

Members’ of Congress own race, party, or ideology. This has 

important implications for the measurement of representation in 

Congress. 

24-202 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: REPRESENTATION 

IN U.S. STATES 


Presenter Who Leads, Who Follows? The Nature of Representation in 

California, 1996-2006 

Delia Bailey, California Institute of Technology 

Betsy Sinclair, California Institute of Technology 

Overview: We examine roll call data from the California state 

assembly and election returns on state ballot propositions to 

explore the relationship between constituency preferences and 

legislative behavior and to test hypotheses about the nature of 

representation. 

Presenter Who State Legislators Represent: Lessons From Three States 

Justin T. Gollob, Temple University 

Overview: Evidence from a three state mail survey of state 

legislators shows that representation is not as confined to district 

boundaries as once thought, and that previous explanations of 

extra-district areal orientations (geo-political foci) are incomplete. 

25-5 THE POLITICAL CONSEQUENCES OF INCOME 

INEQUALITY 


Chair Joe Soss, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Paper On the Determinants of Social Trust in the United States 

Christian Bjornskov, University of Aarhus 

Overview: This paper explores the determinants of trust in 48 U.S. 

states across three periods. The results show support for the 

detrimental effects of income inequality but no or little support for 

alternative theories. 

Paper The Effect of Income Inequality on Political Attitudes and 

Behavior 


Kim Nguyen, Louisiana State University 

Overview: We explore how income inequality affects turnout, 

political efficacy, and political trust. We consider direct and 

interaction effects of income inequality using data from the 2000 

American National Election and state estimates of income 

inequality. 

Paper Perceiving Inequality: Examining Contextual Influences on 


Amber M. Wichowsky, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: Linking data from the 2002 ANES and the U.S. 

Census, this paper examines community-level contextual 

influences, including racial and class composition, economic 

heterogeneity and religious diversity, on public opinion towards 

income inequality. 

Disc. Joe Soss, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

David C. Wilson, University of Delaware 

26-5 POLITICAL HABIT AND POLITICAL 

PSYCHOLOGY: WHY CITIZENS PARTICIPATE 


Chair Christopher F. Karpowitz, Brigham Young University 

Paper Persistence in Political Participation 

Marc N. Meredith, Stanford University 

Overview: Discontinuities imposed by voting age restrictions are 

used to identify the effects of past turnout on individuals’ 

participation decisions. The analysis reveals the effects of voting 

age restrictions persist when they are no longer binding. 

Paper Repeated Turnout as a Habit 

Jacob M. Montgomery, Duke University 

John H. Aldrich, Duke University 

Wendy Wood, Duke University 

Ashley Taylor, Duke University 

Overview: Why are some people repeat voters? Using data from 

the 1972-1976 ANES panel study, we demonstrated that the 

strength of voting habits—established through frequent past 

voting in a stable context—can account for some instances of 

repeated voting. 

Paper The Nexus of Political Efficacy and Political Learning: An 

HLM Analysis of the Development of Political Engagement 

Elizabeth Beaumont, University of Minnesota 

Jeff Greene, University of Maryland 

Judith Torney-Purta, University of Maryland 

Overview: Explores relative influence of SES, civic background, 

and other individual characteristics vis-à-vis contextual peer 

effects and political learning experiences on development of 

internal efficacy, then examines how these factors predict 


Paper Do Happier People Participate More? Life Satisfaction and 

Civic Engagement 

Michael J. Keane, University of Notre Dame 

Patrick J. Flavin, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: Are citizens who are happier with their lives more 

involved in politics and community affairs? We examine the 

relationship between subjective life satisfaction and civic 

engagement as mediated through traditional predictors of 


Disc. Casey A. Klofstad, University of Miami 

Evan Parker-Stephen, University of North Carolina 

Page | 123

27-5 THE PERVASIVENESS OF PARTISANSHIP 


Chair Brian Kisida, University of Arkansas 

Paper Partisan Bias in Economic News: Evidence on U.S. 

Newspapers 

Riccardo Puglisi, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 

Valentino Larcinese, LSE 

James M. Snyder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 

Overview: We study the agenda-setting behaviour on economic 

news of a large sample of U.S. newspapers over the last decade. 

We match coverage of economic news with endorsement data. 

Paper Evaluating Economic Cues in Newspaper Reporting 

David J. Hendry, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Overview: Both the two major political parties and the mass media 

make choices about which indicators of economic performance to 

address. These choices may combine to create biases in coverage 

under particular economic circumstances. 

Paper The Conditional Echo Chamber: Partisan Issue Framing and 


Michael W. Wagner, University of Delaware 

Overview: Using time-series analyses of a content analysis of 

media coverage of four issues (abortion, taxes, energy policy, and 

Iraq) from 1975-2004, I demonstrate the conditions under which 

competitive, partisan issue framing affects public opinion. 

Paper Partisan Polarization in Economic Perceptions, 1980-2004 

Robert K. Goidel, Louisiana State University 

Connor Best, Louisiana State University 

Overview: We use NES data to investigate the polarization of 

economic perceptions from 1980 to 2004. We find two elections - 

1984 and 2004 - are notable in the extent to which economic 

perceptions were polarized and that differences are best explained 

as a function. 

Disc. Mark D. Harmon, University of Tennessee 

Matthew A. Gentzkow, University of Chicago 

28-2 UNDERSTANDING THE BARRIERS AND 

OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN CANDIDATES II 


Chair Pamela M. Fiber, California State University, Fullerton 

Paper Gender and Judicial Elections 

Jennifer C. Lucas, St. Anselm's College 

Overview: This study examines state election results from across 

the U.S. to study gendered voting patterns in low-information 

judicial elections. We also examine voting patterns within the 

context of non-partisan and partisan elections. 

Paper Public Attitudes Towards Gay and Lesbian Candidates: The 

Dynamics of 

Doan E. Doan, University of Kansas 

Donald P. Haider-Markel, University of Kansas 

Overview: We explore the role of religion and gender in shaping 

public attitudes towards gay and lesbian candidates for political 

office as well as beliefs about such candidates. 

Paper The Experiences of Women and Men in “Female” Elected 

Offices 

Ethan M. Bernick, University of North Texas 

Overview: Building on research that has studied the underrepresentation 

of men in female professions, this research posits 

that men experience certain advantages in female dominated 

elected offces that help to enhance their careers in and out of 

politics. 

Paper The Effect of Political Sophistication on the Use of Gender 

Stereotypes 

Susan M. Miller, University of Missouri, Columbia 

Onawa P. Lacewell, University of Missouri, Columbia 

Overview: We assess whether gender stereotypes are accurate 

reflections of candidates’ ideological positions. We then test 

whether respondents with high or low political sophistication are 

more likely to rely on gender stereotypes when forming 

perceptions of candidates. 

Disc. Deirdre M. Condit, Virginia Commonwealth University 

Pamela M. Fiber, California State University, Fullerton 

Page | 124 

29-5 NEW APPROACHES TO STUDYING RACIAL 

ATTITUDES (Co-sponsored with Political Psychology, 

see 21-16) 


Chair Ismail White, University of Texas 

Paper Heterogeneity in the Impact of Empowerment on Attitudes 

and Participation 


Harvey Palmer, University of Mississippi 

Overview: We use longitudinal ANES data (1978-2004) to 

examine differences in minority citizen empowerment under 

various conditions of representation by minority members of 

Congress and mayors. 

Paper Anger and Anxiety’s Impact on Racial Attitudes and Ideology 

Antoine J. Banks, University of Michigan 

Overview: Anger is the central mechanism that explains why 

whites’ commit to negative racial attitudes and whites’ 

identification with conservatism differs, in that anxiety is the 

driving force. 

Paper A Window Into the Racial Consciousness of White Anti- 

Racist Activists 

Tehama M. Lopez, University of Chicago 

Overview: This analysis centers on the matter of recognizing 

racial privilege, and renders visible the hegemony of whiteness. 

Paper Whose Side Are You On? Explaining Perceptions of 

Competitive Racial Threat 

Vincent L. Hutchings, University of Michigan 

Cara Wong, University of Michigan 

James Jackson, University of Michigan 

Ronald Brown, Wayne State University 

Overview: We seek to elaborate on, and test the empirical 

implications of, the group position theory of racial attitudes. 

Specifically, we examine the determinants of racial group 

competition utilizing a national sample of multiple racial groups. 

Paper I Support School Integration, But …: Sheff v. O’Neill Ten 

Years Later And No End In Sight 

Darryl L. McMiller, University of Hartford 

Overview: In 1989, eighteen students sued the state of 

Connecticut, claiming that the state’s failure to fix the problems 

plaguing Hartford’s school system violated their constitutional 

rights. 

Disc. Christopher S. Parker, University of California, Berkeley 

29-19 RACE, MEDIA AND PUBLIC DISCOURSE IN 

AMERICAN POLITICS 


Chair Paula Mohan, University of Wisconsin, Whitewater 

Paper It’s Bigger Than Hip Hop: Black Ideology, Gender, and Rap 

Music 

Lakeyta M. Bonnette, Ohio State University 

Overview: This paper examines the effect of rap music on the 

acceptance and support of Black Nationalist ideology while 

exploring the differences of this acceptance between Black women 

and Black men; using data from the 1993-1994 National Black 

Politics Study. 

Paper Uplifting the Race: Individual and Group in African- 

American Discourse 

Gayle McKeen, University of the South 

Overview: Examines the current return to "self-help" language 

among African-American leaders in order to address the tension 

between the success of individual African-Americans and the 

advance of the race altogether. 

Paper Information Processing Biases: An Examination of Race, 

Media and Partisanship in the Formation of Political 

Evaluations 

Jeanette M. Mendez, Oklahoma State University 

Overview: This study examines if people form evaluations based 

on actual media content, and if either biases from the media source 

affect this process, or if prior attitudes and race instead dominate 

the processing of political information.

Paper Allegiance to Race: The Politics of African American 

Academic Intellectuals 

Rachael A. Murphey-Brown, University of North Carolina, 

Chapel Hill 

Overview: The focus of this research is the nature of the 

interaction between racial identity and academic culture, and the 

extent to which such a relationship explains critically engaged 

political behaviors among African American academic 

intellectuals. 

Disc. Ramla M. Bandele, Indiana University Purdue University, 

Indianapolis 

Patrick Rivers, School of the Art Institute of Chicago 

31-1 CONSTITUTIONAL ISSUES IN MEDIEVAL 

POLITICAL THOUGHT 


Chair Shaojin Chai, University of Notre Dame 

Paper Resistance in Christian and Muslim Political Thought 

Bettina Koch, Virginia Tech University 

Overview: The paper compares John of Salisbury’s, William of 

Ockham’s, and Ibn;’s theories of resistance. All three authors 

argue for the subjects’ right and duty to resist (under certain 

circumstances) political and religious authorities. 

Paper Human Nature and Human Need in the Medieval Italian 

Republican Tradition 

Mary Elizabeth Sullivan, Texas A&M University 

Overview: This paper examines how medieval republican thinkers 

conceived of human nature and how these conceptions shaped 

their beliefs on the origins and purposes of government. 

Paper Patterns of Kingship in a Late Byzantine Mirror of Princes 

Florin Leonte, Central European University, Budapest, Hungary 

Overview: Manuel II Palaeologus’ Mirror of Princes, reflects the 

intellectual complexity typical in late Byzantium.This paper gives 

an account of the of its peculiarities and the differences from other 

inherited models like that of Agapetus. 

Paper Councils and Communitarism 

Harvey Brown, University of Western Ontario 

Overview: An examination of ideas of representation in Conciliar 

writing and some lessons for modern thought. 

Paper Images of Democracy in the Medieval Commentaries on 

Aristotle's Politics 

Noah I. Dauber, Harvard University 

Overview: The commentaries on the politics presented viewed 

democracy not as the rule of elected representatives but as the 

collective judgment of magnates in councils and the rule of the 

popolo in the Italian city-states. 

Disc. Quentin Taylor, Rogers State University 

32-4 ENGAGING MARX 


Chair Joyce M. Mullan, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Paper Reexamining Marx’s Ontology Through Utopianism 

Nivedita Bagchi, University of Virginia 

Overview: This paper examines Marx’s view of human nature 

using the Marxist utopias by Edward Bellamy and William 

Morris. It concludes that the controversy over Marx’s view of 

human nature is inevitable because it is inherent in Marx’s 

conception of history. 

Paper Sacrifice, Subjectivity, Sovereignty: Revisiting the Stirner – 

Marx Polemic 

Banu Bargu, Cornell University 

Overview: This paper examines the role of sacrifice and its 

relation to sovereignty in Marx’s thought. Through an analysis of 

materialist subjectivity and the contradictory meanings of politics, 

I show how sovereignty becomes a revolutionary paradox. 

Paper Marx’s Theory of Justice: A Non-Sociological Interpretation 

Matthew D. Dickhoff, University of Conneticut 

Overview: This paper argues that Marx’s conception of justice 

rests firmly within the eudemonist tradition and is predicated upon 

the existence of free, self-actualizing, emancipated labor; that is, 

labor within a communist society. 

Paper Ambiguity and Theory: Class Consciousness in the Paris 

Commune and Beyond 

Peter A. LaVenia, SUNY, Albany 

Overview: The Paris Commune of 1871 seemed to spring into 

existence out of thin air, as did the recent uprising in Oaxaca, 

Mexico. This paper will attempt to examine the development of 

class consciousness in two cities where there were never strong, 

dominant revolutionary parties prior to their anti-capitalist 

uprisings. What does this mean for Marx and later Marxists 

conceptions of class consciousness? 

Paper The Faculty of Reason in Marx and Rawls 

James R. Noland, Texas A&M University 

Overview: If we were to construe the model of moral reasoning 

Rawls presents in A Theory of Justice more broadly as a general 

model of the conditions for, and process of, free reasoning, we 

would find a model strikingly similar to that assumed and 

employed in Marx’. 

Disc. Sujith S. Kumar, London School of Economics 

32-18 THE LIMITS OF REPUBLICAN POLITICS IN THE 

THOUGHT OF MACHIAVELLI AND ROUSSEAU 


Chair Daniel Kapust, University of Georgia, Athens 

Paper Machiavellian Necessity and the Founding of Republican 

Rome 

Jacqueline R. Hunsicker, University of Texas 

Overview: This paper will explore the complicated interaction of 

the legal and extra-legal elements of foundings in Machiavelli's 

account of republican Rome by examining the role of the 

lawgiver, the character of the laws, and the education of the 

citizenry. 

Paper The Legislator, the General Will, and the Limits of 

Enlightenment 

Gregory A. McBrayer, University of Maryland 

Overview: This paper examines some of the anti-republican 

elements of Rousseau's thought, most notably the role of the 

Legislator. Nonetheless, I argue, Rousseau is a staunch proponent 

of republican politics. 

Paper Family and Nation, Religion and the Self: Rousseau and the 

Transformations of Love 

Rene M. Paddags, University of Maryland 

Overview: This paper examines how Rousseau uses love to 

circumscribe Republican politics, and how this understanding of 

love remains intrinsically limited. 

Paper Unity, Equality, and the Common Good in Aristotle's Politics 

and Machiavelli's Discourses 

Dwight Wilson, University of Georgia 

Overview: Much discussion has centered on "situating" 

Machiavelli's thought; this paper places Machiavelli within an 

essentially classical framework, arguing that his concern with the 

common good shares much in common with Aristotelian political 

Science. 

Disc. Ann Charney Colmo, Dominican University 

Daniel Kapust, University of Georgia, Athens 

33-3 REVISITING EMPIRE: POST-COLONIAL 

READINGS OF BURKE, MILL, AND 

TOCQUEVILLE 


Chair Joanna V. Scott, Eastern Michigan University 

Paper Tocqueville’s Foreign Policy: Democracy and the Colonization 

of Algeria 

Ewa Atanassow, University of Chicago 

Overview: This paper situates Tocqueville's controversial defense 

of the colonization of empire in light of his more familiar critique 

of the problems of modern democracy. 

Paper Elder Brothers, Mother Countries, and Extended Families: J. 

S. Mill's Critique of the Imperial Father 

Richard Boyd, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: This paper argues that the ambiguities of Mill's 

commitment to the British Empire can only be understood in light 

Page | 125

of gendered metaphors of family and motherhood that permeate 

them. 

Paper Burke on India: Prolegomenon to a Revisionist View 

Daniel O'Neill, University of Florida 

Overview: This paper challenges the orthodox interpretation of 

Burke on empire – which portrays him as an anti-imperial 

defender of cultural pluralism and difference – by reconsidering 

his writings and speeches on India. 

Paper The Mirror of India: A Burkean Theory of Imperial Power 

Brandon P. Turner, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: This paper argues against the view that Burke’s 

conservative opposition to British involvement in India stems 

from his ability to identify sympathetically with the other and 

suggests instead that his critique stems from his understanding. 

Disc. Joanna V. Scott, Eastern Michigan University 

33-19 THEORY IN TIMES OF FEAR, CRISIS, AND 

TERROR 


Chair Sigal R. Ben-Porath, University of Pennsylvania 

Paper Flannery O'Connor and the War on Terror 

Henry T. Edmondson, Georgia College & State University 

Overview: This paper explores the ways in which the Southern 

writer Flannery O'Connor's literature, correspondence and prose 

might provide insight into the perplexities of the war on terror. 

Paper What Has Kant To Do With Terrorism? 

Thomas Albert Gilly, ERCES 

Overview: Both Kant’s Science of Law and the validation of 

morally relevant norms of action by means of universalization 

(Kant/Habermas) are highly relevant issues both with regards to 

the theoretical and practical terrorism debate. 

Paper Intersectional Privilege and Oppression in the Discourse on 

"Endangered" Black Men 

Keisha N. Lindsay, University of Chicago 

Overview: Texts that cast black men as endangered reject 

established understandings of intersectionality by revealing how 

intersectional theorizing can be anti-feminist and that interlocking 

social categories often privilege and oppress the same social 

actors. 

Paper The Politics of Fear and Lincoln’s “Covenanted Patriotism” 

James E. Roper, Michigan State University 

Overview: The administration invokes fear of terrorists to justify 

weakening our basic rights and liberties. Lincoln argued for a 

“covenanted patriotism” based on the promise to defend the 

unique principles of political liberty found in the Constitution. 

Disc. Burke Hendrix, Cornell University 

34-5 CULTURE AND COOPERATION 


Chair Howard Margolis, University of Chicago 

Paper Political Science's Structure: Modeling Specialties as Field and 

Network 

James G. Ennis, Tufts University 

Overview: Analyzes division of labor among political scientists 

via social network techniques. Extending recent work mapping 

knowledge domains, it examines clusters and cleavages among 

specialties. Empirical contrasts with sociology, economics. 

implications. 

Paper Uncertainty and Institutional Development 

Scott Moser, Carnegie Mellon University 

Overview: We examine the role of information in institutional 

development. We find situations in which agents may have a 

collective interest in remaining uninformed about the 

environment. 

Paper Ascriptive Versus Universalistic Norms 

Nathan A. Collins, Stanford University 

Jonathan Bendor, Stanford University 

Overview: We study how ascriptive norms, which favor one's own 

social group over others, and universalistic norms survive in 

different information environments. We find, intuitively, that 

ascriptive norms fair better when individuals know less about 

outsiders. 

Page | 126 

Paper Interaction and Malefaction 

Daniel Rubenson, Ryerson University 

Richard Walker, London School of Economics 

Overview: Predation and interaction can be complementary 

activities. If this is the case, as in the model set out here, quite 

striking results can emerge. Greater interaction can lead to more 

antisocial behaviour; increased gains from trade can reduce 

welfare. 

Paper Endogenous Resilience: How Institutiions Influence Cultural 

Adaptability 

Jenna L. Bednar, University of Michigan 

Scott E. Page, University of Michigan 

Overview: We also show how populations have different degrees 

of adaptability based on past institutional choices. Thus, some 

cultures exhibit greater resilience in the presence of changing 

incentive structures while others are fragile. 

Disc. Oleg Smirnov, University of Miami 

35-3 MANIFESTOS AND IDEOLOGY (Co-sponsored with 

Information Technology and Politics, see 36-6) 


Chair Cheryl Schonhardt-Bailey, London School of Economics 

Paper Political Parties in Time and Space 

Jeremy J. Albright, Indiana University 

Overview: This paper applies Bayesian simulation techniques to 

Comparative Manifestos Project data to estimate the ideological 

positions of political parties. The approach allows for the 

estimation of both ideal points and corresponding credible 

intervals. 

Paper A Poisson Scaling Model for Estimating Policy Positions from 

Texts 

Jonathan B. Slapin, University of California, Los Angeles 

Sven-Oliver Proksch, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: We develop a new scaling technique to estimate ideal 

points based on word frequencies in political texts using a poisson 

process. We believe our approach is the first which produces party 

position estimates which can be used accurately as time-series 

data. 

Paper Correcting the Error in the Comparative Manifesto Project 

Estimates 

Kenneth R. Benoit, Trinity College, Dublin 

Slava Mikhailov, Trinity College, Dublin 

Overview: The Comparative Manifesto Project contains an 

unknown level of error. We measure this error and use the 

estimates to suggest a time-series correction to the data when used 

in subsequent models as an independent variable. 

Paper Reconstructing Wordscores 

Will E. M. Lowe, Nottingham University 

Overview: This paper attempts the statistical reconstruction of the 

Wordscores method of content analysis in a latent variable 

framework derived from iterm response theory in order to avoid 

problematic features of the method such as prediction rescaling. 

Disc. Burt Monroe, Pennsylvania State University 

36-4 E-GOVERNMENT (Co-sponsored with Public 

Administration, see 50-20) 


Chair Brian S. Krueger, University of Rhode Island 

Paper Adoption and Implementation of Open Source Software by 

Four European Cities 

Mark Cassell, Kent State University 

Overview: The paper which uses a comparative case-study 

approach to investigate the experiences of four European cities as 

they migrate from propriety softward to open source alternatives. 

Paper Images of Citizenship: A Content Analysis of Local 

Government Websites 

Michael J. Jensen, University of California, Irvine 

Overview: This paper analyzes local government websites with 

respect to the modes of citizenship communicated to website 

users. We find that websites tend to treat users as consumers 

rather than participants in the political process.

Paper When Do Individuals Perceive The Government Monitors 

Their Behavior? 

Brian S. Krueger, University of Rhode Island 

Overview: This paper examines how the characteristics of political 

behavior influence individual perceptions of the likelihood of 

government monitoring. 

Paper Factors Associated with Use of Public and Private Sector 

Health Websites 

Edward Alan Miller, Brown University 

Darrell M. West, Brown University 

Overview: This study examines the frequency with which 

Americans access health information from public (governmental) 

and private (non-governmental) websites, and identifies 

similarities and differences characteristics associated with use of 

each type. 

Paper E-Government and Organizational Performance: Testing a 

Political Model 

Sanjay K. Pandey, Kansas University 

Eric W. Welch, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Overview: Does e-government technology, indeed, improve 

organizational performance as indicated by improvements in 

service quality and the effectiveness with which an agency 

achieves its mission? In this paper, we propose a model of 

organizational performance. 

Disc. G. Robert Boynton, University of Iowa 

Adrian S. Petrescu, University of Texas, Brownsville 

37-3 PARTIES AND PARTISANSHIP ACROSS TIME 


Chair Hans Noel, Georgetown University 

Paper Presidential Elections and Electoral Realignments: 1900–2006 

Jeffrey M. Stonecash, Syracuse University 

Mark D. Brewer, University of Maine 

Overview: Analysis of role of presidential candidates in creating 

change in electoral alignments, 1900 - 2006. 

Paper Party Images and Presidential Vote 

Mark D. Brewer, University of Maine 

Overview: This paper examines the party images held by 

Americans, how these images have changed over time, and how 

citizens' images of the parties affect their presidential vote choice. 

Paper The Enduring Duopoly 

Patricia M. Crotty, East Stroudsburg University 

Overview: The Republican and Democratic parties have 

succeeded in maintaining power at both the state and national 

levels. This study examines the methods these parties use to stay 

in power and suggests how states can begin to reverse this 

phenomena. 

Paper The Effects of Direct Democracy on State Party Systems, 

1980-2004 

Zachary D. Greene, University of Iowa 

Amanda M. Frost, University of Iowa 

Overview: Using pooled data for the fifty states from 1980-2004, 

we model the effect of the number of initiatives on state ballots on 

measures for party strength. We expect states with frequent use of 

initiatives will have ‘weakened’ traditional party systems. 

Paper Mugwumps and Goo-Goos: American Democracy and 19th 

Century Anti-Partisanship 

Zachary C. Courser, Claremont McKenna College 

Overview: A study of the development of a Northern anti-partisan 

movement after the Civil War, its anti-democratic origins, and its 

contribution to diminishing political participation in contemporary 

American politics. 

Disc. William Crotty, Northeastern University 

Hans Noel, Georgetown University 

39-4 DELIBERATION AND TRANSPARENCY IN 

CONGRESS 


Chair Lawrence C. Dodd, University of Florida 

Paper The Effect of Television on Senate Deliberations 

Thomas R. Laehn, Louisiana State University 

Angela C. Miceli, Louisiana State University 

Overview: Anecdotal evidence suggests that Senate deliberative 

quality is in decline. We develop a measure of deliberative quality 

to test the assertion that the televising of Senate proceedings is 

associated with a decline in Senate deliberations. 

Paper Deliberation in Congress: An Institutional Impossibility? 

Joseph M. Gardner, Northern Arizona University 

Overview: This paper presents the results of an interview-based 

study exploring whether Congress can and does deliberate. The 

results indicate that Congress is failing as a deliberative body 

because it fails to provide necessary deliberative conditions. 

Paper Connecting to Congress: Improving Deliberation in the 

Information Age 

Kevin M. Esterling, University of California, Riverside 

David M. Lazer, Harvard University 

Michael A. Neblo, Ohio State University 

Overview: Current members of the U.S. Congress and random 

samples of their constituents participated in online field 

experiments as a means to assess how Congress can best use the 

Internet to foster deliberation in an emerging digital democracy. 

Paper Video-Based Measures of Congressional Voting 

Robert X. Browning, Purdue University 

Overview: Roll call votes in the United States Congress have been 

a staple in congressional research. The advent of televised 

coverage of the House and Senate and the video archive of those 

proceedings offer new opportunities to analyze roll call votes. 

Disc. DeWayne L. Lucas, Hobart and William Smith Colleges 

Lawrence C. Dodd, University of Florida 

39-16 BUILDING COALITIONS IN CONGRESS 


Chair C. Lawrence Evans, College of William and Mary 

Paper Moderate Coalitions in a Polarized Congress 

Sean M. Theriault, University of Texas, Austin 

Jungkun Seo, University of Texas 

Overview: This paper examines the rationale members provide for 

joining moderate coalitions in the House and Senate. 

Furthermore, it systematically examines the characteristics of 

members who belong to these coalitions. 

Paper Discharge Petitions: Circumventing Congressional Norms 

from 1929-1974 

Kathryn Pearson, University of Minnesota 

Eric Schickler, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: We present new data on discharge petitions from the 

1929-1974 to provide insight into the committee system, agenda 

control, coalitional dynamics, and norms of restraint. We analyze 

the impact of party, region, ideology, and committee membership. 

Paper Cohorts in Congress: Understanding the Influence of 

Electoral Classes 

Matthew N. Green, Catholic University of America 

Overview: This project examines the influence of electoral cohorts 

in congressional politics, including floor voting, the introduction 

and sponsorship of legislation, the selection of party leaders, and 

institutional change within Congress. 

Paper The Urge to Surge: Pre- and Post-conference Roll Call Shifts 

in Congress 

Michael C. Brady, Duke University 

Overview: This paper applies traditional theories of the 

development of Congress to investigate changes between pre- and 

post-conference roll call votes such as the magnitude, proportion, 

and composition of surges in support. 

Page | 127

Paper Constitutional Theory of Legislative Organization: 

Directionality of Institutional Changes in the House 

Gisela Sin, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Overview: I show that changes in the President and Senate’s 

preferences alter the bargaining power of House members and that 

their new relative position with respect to those of House members 

determines the directionality of the institutional changes that 

occur. 

Disc. Glen S. Krutz, University of Oklahoma 

C. Lawrence Evans, College of William and Mary 

39-201 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: A PROPERTY 

RIGHTS APPROACH TO LEGISLATIVE 

ORGANIZATION 


Presenter A Property Rights Approach to Legislative Organization 

Blair Williams, United States Military Academy 

Overview: This paper presents a unified framework, combining 

elements of transaction-cost economics and contract theory, to 

explain the organizational structure of the U.S. House of 

Representatives. 

41-4 THE JUDICIAL POWER: INSULATION, 

INTERACTION, AND INSTITUTIONAL IDENTITY 


Chair Lee D. Walker, University of South Carolina 

Paper Strategic Anticipation in a Judicial Hierarchy 

Kirk A. Randazzo, University of Kentucky 

Overview: I examine whether appellate judges strategically 

anticipate actions taken later by the Supreme Court when they 

decide current cases. 

Paper The Determinants of Judicial Independence: A Study of Latin 

America, 1950-2002 

Julio Rios-Figueroa, CIDE, Mexico 

Overview: I analyze the conditions under which and the reasons 

why politicians delegate authority to judges and/or the judiciary in 

Latin American countries from 1950 to 2002. 

Paper Gender, Ideology and Corruption: Explaining Attitudes 

Toward Judicial Separation in Latin America 

Lee D. Walker, University of South Carolina 

Overview: I develop and explain an attitudinal measure of judicial 

separation across 17 Latin American countries. Gender, political 

ideology and corruption attitudes are factors in citizen’s decision 

to separate the judiciary from political society. 

Disc. Jeffrey Staton, Florida State University 

Lee D. Walker, University of South Carolina 

41-22 JUDICIAL DECISION MAKING DURING TIMES 

OF WAR 


Chair Cynthia L. Ostberg, University of the Pacific 

Paper The Dynamic Effects of War on Supreme Court Liberalism 

Naser L. Javaid, Stony Brook University 

Overview: This paper seeks to examine the effects of war on 

Supreme Court liberalism in cases involving civil rights or 

liberties claims. 

Paper The Tension Between Politics and Justice: German Courts 

and the 9/11 Suspect Trials 

Shawn M. Boyne, University of Wisconsin 

Overview: This paper examines how politics shaped the 9/11 

suspect trials in Germany and led to charges that German courts 

chose to protect the defendant's rights at the expense of America's 

security concerns. 

Paper Courts and the Rights of Terrorists 

Michael R. Reinhard, Millsaps College 

Amber Davids, Millsaps College 

Overview: Drawing on field work in Afghanistan and a range of 

historical examples, we argue that the expansion of courts and 

legal decision making at the expense of executive and military 

decison makers will result in less justice rather than more. 

Disc. Brett Curry, Georgia Southern University 

Tobias T. Gibson, Monmouth College 

Page | 128 

42-3 REASONING, DECISION-MAKING, AND 

PRECEDENT 


Chair Trenton Davis, Northern Illinois University 

Paper Modes of Legal Reasoning and Justifying Legal Outcomes 

Anna O. Law, DePaul University 

Overview: In a legal opinion, judges need to justify their 

decisions. How do they do this? Do they cite legal doctrine or a 

legal principle like due process? Do they rubber stamp the 

decisions of Congress and the Executive? 

Paper The Federal Judicial Hierarchy and 

Reapportionment/Redistricting Cases 

John F. Ryan, Bates College 

Overview: This project investigates the federal judicial hierarchy 

(and competing explanations) by analyzing the uses of Supreme 

Court precedent by federal lower-court judges, in 

reapportionment/redistricting cases (1965-1993). 

Paper Rethinking Judicial Independence and Judicial Accountability 

Alan Tarr, Rutgers University 

Overview: This paper analyzes and critiques prevailing 

understandings of judicial independence and judicial 

accountability and offers a more defensible version of these aims 

and of how they might be achieved. 

Paper Assessing the "Rehnquist Revolution": Examining Lower 

Court Compliance with Lopez, Printz and Morrison 

Alan M. Tauber, University of South Carolina 

Overview: This paper examines whether the so-called "Rehnquist 

Revolution" in federalism was carried out in the Courts of Appeal. 

Disc. Carl M. Dibble, University of Michigan 

44-5 TOPICS IN INTERGOVERNMENTAL RELATIONS 


Chair Min-hyung Kim, University of Washington 

Paper Indian Gaming and State-Level Constraints on Tribal Political 

Influence 

Steven A. Light, University of North Dakota 

Overview: Using a case study of recent events in Minnesota, this 

paper asks and answers two key questions concerning tribal-state 

intergovernmental relations today: How do tribes use gaming 

revenue to interact with state legal and political systems? 

Paper Provisional Liberty: The Evolution of Libertas in State 

Constitutions 

Sean R. Boutin, Cornell University 

Overview: This paper introduces a new method for cataloguing 

civil liberty provisions within state constitutions. It traces the 

temporal development for all 50 states from 1789-2006 and 

analyzes the categorical variance in visions of civil liberty. 

Paper The Land of Whose Father? The Politics of American Indian 

Land Settlements 

Anne F. B. Flaherty, Duke University 

Overview: How can small and institutionally powerless groups 

win concessions from the powerful? This paper explores this 

question in the context of American Indian land claims and 

explains why different tribal claims have had such varied 

settlement outcomes. 

Paper Strange Bedfellows: Interstate Cooperation, 1960-2000 

Neal D. Woods, University of South Carolina 

Ann O. M. Bowman, University of South Carolina 

Overview: Using an original dataset, we test theories of interstate 

cooperation through pooled event count models of dyadic state 

participation in interstate compacts. 

Disc. Neal D. Woods, University of South Carolina 

Juliet F. Gainsborough, Bentley College

45-4 DISTRIBUTIVE AND REDISTRIBUTIVE 

SPENDING BY LOCAL GOVERNMENTS 


Chair Kenneth Bickers, University of Colorado 

Paper Deciding to Provide: Local Decisions on Providing Social 

Welfare 

Michael C. Craw, Michigan State University 

Overview: Though fiscal federalism predicts a small role for local 

governments in social welfare, variations in tax base competition 

create opportunities for some local governments to provide and 

fund social welfare policies. 

Paper Redistrutive Politics and Education in Times of Surplus 

Kenann McKenzie-Thompson, Columbia University 

Overview: Redistributive politics in a time of surplus and 

gentrification has a tone that differs that the traditional way of 

viewing redistributional politics. Factors such as race and class 

also confound the dynamics in old and new ways. 

Paper Demand-side Explanations of Local Redistributive Spending 

Josh M. Ryan, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Overview: This paper investigates the demand-side components 

for redistributive spending at local levels taking into account 

constraints such as polycentrism and budgetary issues. 

Paper Beyond Distributive Politics 

Howard A. Stern, City of Pittsburgh 

Overview: Through an expanded distributive politics model -- one 

that takes into account the form of government, size of city, 

geographical region, per capita income and poverty level of the 

jurisdiction -- better explains allocation decisions. 

Disc. Kenneth Bickers, University of Colorado 


46-6 IMPLEMENTING HEALTH POLICY 


Chair Mary Schmeida, Cleveland Clinic 

Paper Comparing Regulatory Regimes to Reduce Smoking: 

Analyzing 13 OECD Countries 

Michael J. Licari, University of Northern Iowa 

Overview: This paper examines the effectiveness of regulations 

used to reduce smoking in 13 OECD countries from 1970 on. It 

also assesses the impact of EU policies on smoking in those 

countries. 

Paper State Programs to Encourage Long Term Care Insurance: 

Worthwhile or Wasted? 

David C. Nixon, University of Hawaii 

Overview: We examine cross-state variation in sales of long term 

care insurance across the 1990s, and estimate the impact that state 

income tax incentives and long term care partnership programs 

have in encouraging such sales. 

Paper Diffusion Spurred by Need?: State Health and High-Risk 

Pools 

Nathan G. Myers, University of Nevada, Las Vegas 

Overview: This paper will examine whether a relationship exists 

between the health of a state's population as shown by leading 

health indicators and the diffusion of high-risk pools to cover 

medically uninsurable individuals. 

Paper Health Equity and Neoliberal Macroeconomic Reforms in 

Chile and Argentina 

Alexander W. Hertel-Fernandez, Pan American Health 

Organization; Northwestern University 

Overview: Argentina and Chile have pursued nation building 

paths characterized by social exclusion. This paper seeks to 

quantify the impact of neoliberal reform policies on health equity 

in both countries. 

Paper Cost Containment and Profit Maximization: Conflicting 

Goals of the Medicare Managed Care Program 

Meg Comins, University of South Florida 

John Large, University of South Florida 

Overview: This paper analyzes Florida hospital financial data to 

explore how hospital fiscal policies evolve in reaction to changes 

in Medicare cost containment policies. 

Disc. Mary Schmeida, Cleveland Clinic 

Thomas A. Birkland, SUNY, Albany 

49-3 POLITICS OF INTERNATIONAL 

ENVIRONMENTAL AGREEMENTS 

Room Parlor C, 6 th Floor, Thur at 4:25 pm 

Chair Paul Rich, The University of the Americas, Puebla 

Paper Role of Lobbyists and Corruption in Environmental Treaty 

Ratification 

Benjamin Y. Clark, University of Georgia 

Overview: The paper demonstrates a link between corruption and 

lobbyists on the ratification of an environmental treaty. 

Additionally it demonstrates ratification is negatively influenced 

by past participation in environmental treaties and government. 

Paper The Dead Zones: Nitrogen, Public Policy, and International 

Agreements 

Mary H. Morris, University of Southern Indiana 

Overview: The Baltic’s international regime is one of the most 

successful examples of transnational environmental cooperation 

on record. What lessons can the U.S. learn from the Baltic Sea 

paradigm? 

Paper Transboundary Coordination in North American Wildlife 

Management 

Robert Pahre, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Overview: The paper develops a formal model explaining 

variation between successful and unsuccessful transboundary 

cooperation in wildlife management. The outcomes depend on the 

interaction of agency mandates, policy instruments available, and 

the population biology. 

Paper Wildlife Smuggling in the EU: Risks for Candidate States 

During Expansion 

Elizabeth E. Wheat, Western Michigan University 

Overview: Wildlife crime is worth $6 billion/year. With EU 

expansion and states having profitable trafficking markets, new 

laws are needed. This paper evaluates CITES, criteria for an EU 

smuggling Directive, and approaches to improving legal detection. 

Disc. Eric A. Coleman, Indiana University, Bloomington 

50-5 PRIVATIZATION AND PERFORMANCE 


Chair Laura Langbein, American University 

Paper Program Hybridization and Public Management: The Case of 

Quality Improvement 

Colleen L. Croxall, Eastern Michigan University 

David H. Ready, City of Palm Springs 

Overview: Based on survey data as well as intensive longitudinal 

case studies from local units of government and hospitals that 

were early implementers of QI, this study assesses the life-cycle of 

QI efforts in the public sector. 

Paper Examining Privatized Child Welfare System in Florida: 

Community Networks and Performance Assessment 

Wendy Xinfang Gao, Florida State University 

Frances S. Berry, Florida State University 

Overview: The research develops a theoretical framework to 

account for the relationship between the structural properties of 

community networks and service performance of the newly 

privatized child welfare system in Florida. 

Paper Pragmatism or Politics?: Privatization and Public Services in 

North Dakota 

Dana Michael Harsell, University of North Dakota 

Robert Wood, University of North Dakota 

Overview: Using questionnaire data, the privatization levels of 64 

public services are evaluated across North Dakota’s 53 counties 

and largest 200 cities. Results help shed light on privatization use 

in sparsely populated, rural Midwestern municipalities. 

Paper Agency Power and Adaptation: Implementation of 

Competitive Sourcing 

Maria Ernita T. Joaquin, Northern Illinois University 

Overview: Theories of organizational adaptation and bureau 

power intersect in this study OMB Circular A-76 implementation, 

uncovering new themes on power, leadership, and congressional 

influences on bureaucratic response in the era of third-party 

governance. 

Page | 129

Paper City and County Commission Governance: Learning from the 

Private Sector 

Ruth A. Watry, Northern Michigan University 

Overview: Governance has become a hot topic in the private 

sector, due in part to events like the failures of companies such as 

Enron and Worldcom. This paper examines whether governance 

models used in the private sector are applicable to the public 

sector. 

Disc. Laura Langbein, American University 

Ali Farazmand, Florida Atlantic University 

51-3 INSTITUTIONAL DESIGN IN COMPARATIVE 

PERSPECTIVE 


Chair Andrew J. Schlewitz, Albion College 

Paper Declining Social Capital: The Importance of Institutions 

Kristi Andersen, Syracuse University 

McGee Young, Marquette University 

Overview: Using historical data on civic associations, we link 

changes in the density and shape of associational life with the 

changes in political parties which resulted from 19th and 20th 

century Progressive reforms. 

Paper Institutions, Ideas and Learning in Welfare State Change 

Timo Fleckenstein, University of Oxford 

Overview: Addressing the stability bias of the path dependence 

theorem, the paper attempts to integrate policy learning 

conceptually into new institutionalism as a potential mechanism of 

knowledge-based institutional change in complex environments. 

Paper A Commitment to Principle: Popular Sovereignty and the 

Convention of 1787 

Jennifer A. Mogg, Bridgewater State College 

Overview: Employing a unique approach to Madison's Notes, this 

paper finds a general commitment to popular sovereignty at the 

Constitutional Convention of 1787. 

Paper State Formation at the Sub-National Level in the United States 

Jesse H. Rhodes, University of Virginia 

Overview: Drawing on theories of “sectionalism” and American 

Political Development and on models of comparative state 

formation, this paper develops and provides case-study evidence 

for a model of sub-national state formation and development in the 

United States. 

Paper The International System and the Making of the U.S. 

Constitution 

Robbie J. Totten, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: This paper explores the international dimension of the 

making of the U.S. Constitution, and it finds that a main reason 

the American state formed was because the thirteen states sought 

survival in an anarchic international system. 

Disc. Ariel I. Ahram, Georgetown University 

Andrew J. Schlewitz, Albion College 

54-201 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: REVIEWING 

INSTITUTIONAL REVIEW BOARDS 


Presenter Issues for Field Research 

Peregrine Schwartz-Shea, University of Utah 

Dvora Yanow, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam 

Overview: Are IRBs developing appropriate policies for the 

review of political ethnographic and other field research? We 

offer a critical assessment based on examination of the origins and 

development of federal policy in ths U.S. 

55-301 POSTER SESSION: TEACHING POLITICAL 

SCIENCE 


Presenter Making American Government Relevant to Teacher 

Education Students 

(Board 5) 

Aimee D. Shouse, Western Illinois University 

Overview: This paper looks at the rationale and practice of 

offering teacher education majors their own section of 

Introduction to American Government and Politics. 

Page | 130 

Presenter Ford Foundation and Teaching Political Science in American 

Universities 

(Board 6) 

Riham Ahmed Khafagy, Cairo University 

Overview: Ford Foundation was an exemplary foundation 

attempting to impact political science research and teaching 

because the development of the American political science and its 

applications have coincided perfectly with the Foundation’s goals 

and program. 

57-101 ROUNDTABLE: WOMEN FACULTY IN THE 

CLASSROOM: STRATEGIES FOR SUCCESS 


Chair Leslie A. Schwindt-Bayer, University of Mississippi 

Panelist Michelle Dion, Georgia Institute of Technology 

Beth Leech, Rutgers University 

Julie Dolan, Macalester College 

Jodi Finkel, Loyola Marymount University 

Overview: Female instructors often face a different set of 

obstacles in the classroom than do male instructors. What 

challenges do women face and how can we overcome them? This 

roundtable will discuss women’s strategies for success in the 

classroom. 

60-3 THEORIES AND THINKERS 


Chair Shoup Brian, Indiana University 

Paper Destructive Personalities: Hitler and Hirohito and the 

Problem of Regime Security in WWII 

John F. Daniel,III, Georgetown University 

Overview: This research will attempt to examine the phenomenon 

of state destruction from the perspective of great man/first image 

theory and rational choice using the cases of Germany and Japan 

in WWII. 

Paper From Dissidence to Political Power: Vaclav Havel and Che 

Guevara 

Heather R. McDougall, Christopher Newport University 

Overview: This paper explores the theoretical ideas of Vaclav 

Havel and Che Guevara and the distinctive approach to leadership 

that each took. 

Paper Elite Republicanism in Hamiltonian Thought and Practice 

Jonathon S. O'Hara, Southern Connecticut State University 

Overview: Alexander Hamilton is often thought of as that 

Constitutional framer and Federalist leader least affected by 

republican ideology. Hamilton was not egalitarian or populist. 

Nonetheless he was a legitimate articulator of republican thought. 

Disc. Shoup Brian, Indiana University 

61-301 POSTER SESSION: EITM (EMPIRICAL 

IMPLICATIONS OF THEORETICAL MODELS) 


Presenter An Empirical Test of Duncan Black’s Median Voter Theorem 

(Board 7) 

Allen B. Brierly, University of Northern Iowa 

Overview: This study compares public opinion data with a 

simulation of the effects on support for candidates and political 

parties on the division of votes, partisan bloc voting, and the 

distribution of political views in Presidential elections. 

Presenter Making War Safe for Democracy: Technology, the Median 

Voter, and the Costs of Conflict 

(Board 8) 

Jonathan D. Caverley, University of Chicago 

Overview: A highly capitalized military reduces the costs of 

conflict for a democracy's median voter. This paper estimates the 

substitutability of capital for labor in the U.S. military and 

explores its effect on military preparation and aggressiveness. 

Presenter Modeling War Expansion 

(Board 9) 

Kyle A. Joyce, Pennsylvania State University 

Overview: In this paper I present an agent-based model of war 

expansion, derive empirical implications based on the emergent

ehavioral patterns, and subject the empirical implications to 

empirical evaluation using several statistical techniques. 

Presenter The Road to Reconciliation: Avoiding False Conviction and 

False Acquittal 

(Board 10) 

Monika Nalepa, Harvard Academy of Scholars 

Overview: The paper uses new opinion poll data from a 2004 

survey in Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic to test several 

hypotheses about the determinants of TJ demand. 

Presenter Portfolio Allocation as Leadership Strategy: Bargaining 

Across Parties 

(Board 11) 

Yoshikuni Ono, University of Michigan 

Overview: Constructing a formal model and drawing on data of 

portfolio allocation among coalition parties in 14 European 

countries, I demonstrate that portfolio allocation is an instrument 

prime ministers use to handle intra-party and inter-party pressures. 

Presenter Congressional Politics in Political Economy 

(Board 12) 

Robi Ragan, University of Georgia 

Overview: This paper uses computational models to demonstrate 

the need for incorporating formal models of Congress within the 

political economy literature on policy formation. 

Presenter Why People Pay More Under Proportional System?: Electoral 

System, Corporate Governance and Price 

(Board 13) 

Jaekwon Suh, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: This paper explains cross–national variation of 

competitive price level measured by purchasing power parity 

(PPP). The theoretical contribution of the paper is to show firm’s 

price-asking behavior in a certain political environment. 

Presenter An Agent-Based Model of Atomistic Social Interaction and 

Preference Formation 

(Board 14) 

Dominick E. Wright, University of Michigan 

Overview: The paper is first in a series seeking to disentangle the 

web of endogenous preference formation processes within states 

and in the context of social issues. 

Page | 131

Friday, April 13 – 8:00 am – 9:35 am 

1-108 ROUNDTABLE: THE POLITICS OF THE 110TH 

CONGRESS (Co-sponsored with Legislative Politics: 

Institutions, see 39-101) 

Room Red Lacquer, 4 th Floor, Fri at 8:00 am 

Chair Barbara Sinclair, University of California, Los Angeles 

Panelist Gary Jacobson, University of California, San Diego 

Bob Benenson, Congressional Quarterly 

Frances Lee, University of Maryland 

Overview: This roundtable on the 110th Congress assesses the 

results of the 2006 midterm elections, the 110th Congress to date, 

and the political and policy outlook for the next two years. 

2-3 ELECTORAL CONSEQUENCES OF 

GLOBALIZATION 

Room Salon 1, 3 rd Floor, Fri at 8:00 am 

Chair Jude Hays, University of Illinois 

Paper The Globally Discriminating Voter 

Raymond M. Duch, University of Oxford 

Overview: Empirical tests of a selection model of global context 

and vote choice employing a multi-mode cross-national research 

design. 

Paper Responsibility Attributions and Policy Efficacy in an Era of 

Globalization 

John Freeman, University of Minnesota 

Timothy Hellwig, University of Houston 

Eve Ringsmuth, University of Minnesota 

Overview: We report results from an original experiment data on 

respondent appreciation of the policy room to maneuver under 

globalization. We examine how perceptions of the room to 

maneuver affect individual-level attitudes and identify sources of 

individual-levels. 

Paper Partisan Waves: International Sources of Electoral Choice 

Mark A. Kayser, University of Rochester 

Overview: Partisan vote intensions co-vary across countries. 

Paper How Globalization Affects the Strategy of National Political 

Parties in Western Europe 

Romain Lachat, University of Zurich 

Hanspeter Kriesi, University of Zurich 

Overview: The impact of the new cleavage between winners and 

losers of globalization leads to a reinforcement of the cultural 

dimension of political conflict at the expense of the economic 

dimension. 

Disc. Kenneth Scheve, Yale University 

Jude Hays, University of Illinois 

3-4 DEMOCRACY, DICTATORSHIP, AND 

DEVELOPMENT 


Chair Catherine Boone, University of Texas, Austin 

Paper The Value of Political Office, Dictatorship and Democracy 

Alexander Baturo, Trinity College, Dublin 

Overview: Why are rulers more reluctant to leave office in the 

developing world than in the West? The value of political office is 

higher in poor countries, and the rulers try to stay in office as long 

as possible, which, in turn, affects democratic outcomes. 

Paper International Investors, Risk, and Popular Governments 

Zane M. Kelly, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Overview: I examine currency ratings across 14 Latin American 

countries from 1979-1997 to address the question of whether 

international investors view countries headed by populist leaders 

as greater investment risks than others. 

Paper The Determinants of Democracy in a State: An Ordered Logit 

Regression 

James M. McQuiston, Kent State University 

Overview: Literature from democratization studies lend variables 

to a comprehensive model that explains the level of 

democratization in a nation better than in previous studies. An 

ordered logit regression is used on the data to determine which 

variables reach states. 

Page | 132 

Paper The Political Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in 

Developing Countries 

Heiner Schulz, University of Pennsylvania 

Overview: This paper examines the political factors influencing 

the flow of FDI to developing countries. Results show that MNC 

investment decisions are driven by specific structural 

characteristics of a country's political system rather than regime 

type. 

Disc. Jennifer Gandhi, Emory University 

Catherine Boone, University of Texas, Austin 

3-18 POLITICAL PARTY COMPETITION AND 

ORGANIZATION IN DEVELOPING 

DEMOCRACIES 

Room Montrose 7, 7 th Floor, Fri at 8:00 am 

Chair Anna Grzymala-Busse, University of Michigan 

Paper Party Competition and Informal Institutions 

Scott Desposato, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: This paper investigates the relationship between 

electoral market types and patterns of party competition in Latin 

America. 

Paper Votes and Revolts 

Nahomi Ichino, Harvard University 

Kimuli Kasara, Columbia University 

Overview: This paper examines how ethnic demography affects 

political stability in sub-Saharan Africa via a president's allocation 

decisions. We present a model that highlights the double-edged 

nature of transfers; that is, transfers to buy the support of the 

opposition may increase the opposition's capacity to overthrow the 

president through violent means. We test the implications of this 

model with a new dataset. 

Paper Why Primaries? An Empirical Investigation of Inter and 

Intra-Party Competition in American Presidential Elections 

Shigeo Hirano, Columbia University 

Ozge Kemahlioglu, Florida State University 

Rebecca Weitz-Shapiro, Columbia University 

Overview: Contrary to the recent empirical literature, we find 

evidence which suggests that parties hold primary elections to 

address intra-party conflicts rather than to gain some advantage in 

the general election. 

Paper Primary Elections versus Smoke-filled Rooms in Latin 

America 

Gilles Serra, Harvard University 

Overview: How does a party survive a confrontation among its 

leaders? We build a model that explains how a party fracture can 

be avoided if the party leaders agree to hold a primary election to 

nominate the party’s candidates. 

Disc. Anna Grzymala-Busse, University of Michigan 

4-4 CORRUPTION, RULE OF LAW AND 

DEMOCRATIC PERFORMANCE 

Room PDR 4, 3 rd Floor, Fri at 8:00 am 

Chair Peter A. Ferguson, University of Western Ontario 

Paper Does Corruption-Enhancing the Role of Re-election 

Incentives? 

Carlos Pereira, Michigan State University 

Marcus A. Melo, Federal University of Pernambuco 

Carlos M. Figueiredo, Federal University of Pernambuco 

Overview: Why mayors would run for reelection if the crimes 

were made public? The extent to which citizens tend to reward 

corrupt practices when these are disclosed by watchdogs? Our 

findings lead to mixed conclusions about the quality of democracy 

in Brazil. 

Paper Democratization, Quality of Institutions and Economic 

Growth 

Vladimir V. Popov, New Economic School 

Overview: We consider how democratization (changes in the level 

of democracy in the 1970s-1990s as measured by increments of 

Freedom House political rights indices) influence economic 

growth controling for law and order (order based on legal rules).

Paper Corruption and Anti-Corruption 

Monica Dorhoi, World Bank 

Overview: How and why anti-corruption reforms vary across 

countries is still an open question. The paper will present results of 

the latest World Bank study of anti-corruption reforms in 77 

countries from 5 continents. 

Paper Bureaucratic Corruption, Judicial Independence, and Public 

Power 

Gang Wang, Michigan State University 

Overview: Bureaucratic corruption is a product of a certain society 

with specific economic and political structures, and the judiciary, 

as an institutional arrangement to resist bureaucratic corruption, 

has to be independent to the government. 

Disc. Phil Keefer, World Bank 

5-10 INSTITUTIONS AND POLITICAL CAREERS 


Chair Andreas D. Kopp, OECD 

Paper Electoral Institutions and the Internal Organization of 

Legislatures 

Shane Martin, Pennsylvania State University 

Overview: Exploring the issue from a comparative perspective, I 

argue that the relationship between electoral ballot structure and 

committee system structure is dependent on how incumbents are 

expected to cultivate a personal vote - what I term the 

mechanisms. 

Paper Parliamentary Cycles, Legislative Party Switching, and the 

Midterm Effect 

Carol Mershon, University of Virginia 

Olga Shvetsova, Binghamton University 

Overview: For Italy, Russia, Spain, and the U.S., we identify 

heightened party switching for office benefits, policy advantage, 

and vote seeking at distinct stages in the parliamentary cycle. We 

also find a midterm peak in switching in all four cases. 

Paper Career Goals and Legislative Behavior in the European 

Parliament 

Dan Pemstein, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Steve Meserve, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

William Bernhard, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Overview: We argue that career goals—whether to return home or 

stay in Brussels--affect legislative behavior in the European 

Parliament. 

Paper Where Have All the Zoku Gone? Electoral Rules and MP 

Specialization in Japan 

Benjamin Nyblade, University of British Columbia 

Ellis Krauss, University of California, San Diego 

Robert Pekkanen, University of Washington 

Overview: Political career path analysis of MPs in Japan over the 

last 30 years shows that the 1994 adoption of a mixed electoral 

system increased specialization by PR-based MPs and decreased it 

by SMD-based MPs. 

Disc. Andreas D. Kopp, OECD 

Juliana Bambaci, Stanford University 

7-6 LABOR AND THE EUROPEAN STATE 

Room Sandburg 7, 7 th Floor, Fri at 8:00 am 

Chair Julia Gray, University of California, Los Angeles 

Paper Institutional Constraints to a Streamlined EU Social Model: 

Childcare in Comparison 

Katja E. Vermehren, University of Colorado 

Overview: This paper will analyze institutional constraints within 

the different welfare state systems on more streamlined childcare 

policies in the EU. 

Paper The Politics of Retrenchment in the European Union: Why is 

It so Difficult to Reform the EU Agricultural Policies? 

Isa Camyar, Louisiana State University 

Overview: In this project, I explore the prospects and possibilities 

of reforming the EU agricultural policies. Relying Pierson's new 

politics thesis, I claim that the EU agricultural policies have 

created client-based interest groups, which enjoy concentrated 

benefits. 

Paper Social Pacts in Western Europe: Economic and Political 

Institutions 

Kerstin Hamann, University of Central Florida 

John Kelly, Birkbeck College 

Overview: We identify the role of economic and electoral 

institutions to explain the presence or absence of social pacts. In 

particular, we look at the role of electoral competition to explain 

when governments prefer social pacts over legislative action. 

Disc. Julia Gray, University of California, Los Angeles 

8-6 CITIZEN PERCEPTIONS OF LATIN AMERICAN 

GOVERNMENTS 


Chair Moises Arce, University of Missouri, Columbia 

Paper Presidential Approval in Good and Bad Times: The Peruvian 

Case 

Julio F. Carrion, University of Delaware 

Moises E. Arce, University of Missouri, Columbia 

Overview: We use an ARCH model that accounts for economic 

and political volatility to analyze the impact of economic 

performance and key political events on presidential approval in 

Peru for the 1985-2005 period. 

Paper The Political, Social, and Economic Determinants of 

Presidential Approval in Latin America 

Gregg B. Johnson, SUNY, Buffalo 

Sooh-Rhee Ryu, SUNY, Buffalo 

Overview: This paper uses a unique cross-national, time-serial 

dataset of presidential approval in 10 Latin American nations to 

determine the political and economic factors driving public 

support for and against presidents during the volatile 1990s and 

2000s. 

Paper Neoliberal Reformers and Trust: Voter Responses to Reform 

in Latin America 

Lia K. Roberts, Mount St. Mary's College 

Overview: Neoliberal reformers have met with discontent in some 

countries and won re-election in others. Analyzing elections in 

Latin America, this paper shows that party characteristics and 

voter calculations of trust drive voter decisions. 

Paper Trust Them, Trust Them Not: Trust in Latin American 

Political Institutions 

Ashley D. Ross, Texas A&M University 

Maria C. Escobar-Lemmon, Texas A&M University 

Overview: Using survey data from 5 Latin American cases we 

identify the role of socioeconomic status, education, and partisan 

identification in predicting an individual’s trust in political 

institutions after accounting for level of democracy and wealth. 

Paper The Micro-Economics of Corruption in Argentina 

Luigi Manzetti, Southern Methodist University 

Overview: We analyze the relationship between individual level 

economic factors and perception of corruption in Argentina. We 

then look at the consequences of these perceptions for citizens' 

candidate evaluations, participation and vote choice. 

Disc. Julio F. Carrion, University of Delaware 

Jana Morgan, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 

9-4 FOREIGN POLICY IN THE PACIFIC REGION - 

DETERMINANTS 


Chair Yongwook RYU, Harvard University 

Paper Dilemma of Openness, Societal Forces in China's Japan Policy 

Making 

Yufan Hao, University of Macau 

Overview: This article examines the increasing influence of 

various domestic factors such as academics, media, and public 

opinion, within the context of newly developed internet 

technology, on the making of China's Japan policy. 

Paper Reconciliation: Structure, Political Regime, Economics or 

Apology? 

Yangmo Ku, George Washington University 

Overview: This paper examines various reasons why South Korea 

and Japan could not reach the level of reconciliation France and 

Germany achieved. The main cause derives from the absence of 

Page | 133

democratic institutions and values in South Korea and the 

weaknesses of Japan. 

Paper The U.S.-India Nuclear Agreement: Consolidation of an 

Ethnic Lobby 

Jason A. Kirk, Virginia Military Institute 

Overview: This paper contributes to the literature on ethnic 

lobbies and U.S. foreign policy, tracing the efforts of Indian- 

American citizens groups to press members of Congress into 

supporting a major 2005 nuclear agreement by the Bush 

administration and India. 

Paper Power Structure in Multilateral Negotiation of the Six-Party 

Talks 

Phill Jo, University of Oklahoma 

Overview: The paper examines the dilemma that the multilateral 

structure to solve the North Korean nuclear crisis faces and 

evaluates how effective the structure is. It also discusses policy 

implications. 

Paper Emperor’s New Clothes: South Korea’s New Identity and its 

Changed Foreign Policy 

Susan M. Suh, Georgetown University 

Overview: Realists reject the possibility that state identity can 

influence state behavior, yet recent events in South Korea 

challenge this premise. This paper takes a constructivist stance 

illustrating the importance of state identity driving its interests and 

policy. 

Disc. Yongwook RYU, Harvard University 

13-5 HERE WE GO AGAIN: ECONOMIC REFORM IN 

COMMUNIST AND POST-COMMUNIST 

COUNTRIES 


Chair Petia Kostadinova, University of Florida 

Paper Economic Reform in North Korea: Myth or Reality? 

Patrick T. McEachern, Louisiana State University 

Overview: Has the DPRK undertaken economic reform? Do its 

strategic and institutional decisions since 2002 mirror those of 

transitioning governments. Has the DPRK empowered a postcommunist 

bureaucracy? Have prices, exchange rates, and trade 

changed? 

Paper China’s Privatization Debates in the Jiang Zemin Era (1993- 

2002) 

Yayoi Kato, University of Southern California 

Overview: The research attempts to detect and illuminate internal 

debates among China’s national policy makers over private 

enterprise control policies in the Jiang Zemin era, via content 

analysis of nearly 650 articles from official policy-oriented 

journals. 

Paper Political Determinants of Privatization Effectiveness: Evidence 

from Russia 

Scott Gehlbach, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

David Brown, Heriot-Watt University 

John S. Earle, Upjohn Institute for Employment Research 

Overview: We exploit comprehensive panel data on initially stateowned 

Russian manufacturing firms to investigate cross-regional 

variation in privatization effects. 

Paper Interest Groups in Russia’s Economic Transformation 

Lynn D. Nelson, Virginia Commonwealth University 

Irina Y. Kuzes, Virginia Commonwealth University 

Overview: The radical transformation of Russia’s political and 

economic life since 1991reflects the influence of divergent 

interests. This paper examines the evolving strategies of key 

interest groups through time and their implications for the future. 

Paper Technocratic Filters: Domestic Institutions and External 

Pressures in CEE 

Aleksandra J. Sznajder, Columbia University 

Overview: Paper examines comparatively the process in which 

domestic institutions filter various external pressures in four mostdifferent 

East Central European countries, resulting in 

counterintuitive privatization of these countries' steel sector. 

Disc. Timothy M. Frye, Columbia University 

Christine Lipsmeyer, Texas A&M University 

Page | 134 

14-4 DOMESTIC POLITICS AND FOREIGN DIRECT 

INVESTMENT 


Chair Pablo M. Pinto, Columbia University 

Paper Foreign Direct Investment, Convergence Theory, and Income 

Inequality 

Feng Sun, University of Alabama 

Overview: This paper tries to reveal the long term effect of FDI on 

the host countries by revisiting the relationship between FDI and 

economic growth and income inequality using an updated panel 

dataset covering more countries and longer time span. 

Paper Policy Uncertainty in Hybrid Regimes: Evidence from Firm 

Level Survey 

Megumi Naoi, University of California, San Diego 

Thomas Kenyon, World Bank 

Overview: Using the World Bank’s firm-level survey data, this 

paper investigates why firms in hybrid regimes report higher 

levels of concerns over policy uncertainty than those in strict 

authoritarian regimes and established democracies. 

Paper Domestic and International Dimensions of U.S. Foreign Direct 

Investment Abroad 

Yoram Z. Haftel, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Overview: This paper examines the determinants of U.S. foreign 

direct investment (FDI) abroad from 1966 to 2000. It analyzes the 

extent to which interstate as well as domestic variables determine 

the outflow of American FDI. 

Paper Why Do Politicians Choose to Expropriate from Foreign 

Investors? Expropriation Acts and the Survival of Leaders 

Nathan M. Jensen, Washington University 

Quan Li, Pennsylvania State University 

Overview: We explore how the exogenous factors affecting the 

survival of political leaders influences the incentives of leaders to 

expropriate from foreign investors. 

Paper The Political-Institutional Determinants of Foreign Direct 

Investment 

Nathan W. Freeman, University of Georgia 

Overview: Paper examines the interactive effects of domestic 

political institutions (i.e., regime type) and international legal 

commitments (i.e., bilateral investment treaties) on inflows of 

foreign direct investment (FDI) among developing countries. 

Disc. Pablo M. Pinto, Columbia University 

14-19 PARTISANSHIP AND ECONOMIC POLICY (Cosponsored 

with Economic Policy, see 48-7) 

Room Parlor H, 6 th Floor, Fri at 8:00 am 

Chair Robert W. Walker, Washington University, St. Louis 

Paper Partisanship, Institutions, and Government Bond Markets 

Hye Jee Cho, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: I examine how financial markets perceive the political 

power of the left. Left governments may have negative effects on 

their sovereign credit ratings, but they may improve their ratings 

by the help of institutions that reduce policy uncertainty. 

Paper Globalization, Government Ideology and Economic Policies 

Eunyoung Ha, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: This paper examines the impact of globalization and 

the ideological position of the government on welfare and tax 

policies using pooled time-series data analysis for eighty six 

countries from 1975 to 2005. 

Paper Partisanship and Central Bank Independence: Is there a 

Policy Ideology Tradeoff? 

William Davis, Florida State University 

Overview: Central bank literature often overlooks key questions of 

partisanship with regard to governments' central bank policy. This 

paper tests the relationship between partisan policy preferences as 

suggested in the literature and the empirical data. 

Paper Political Root of Interindustry Labor Mobility 

Qiang Zhou, Columbia University 

Overview: In this paper I propose and test a theory that argues 

partisanship of governments can determine the types and 

magnitudes of certain public policies that can have persistent and 

significant impact on levels of interindustry labor mobility.

Paper Monetary Institutions, Partisanship, and Inflation Targeting 

David A. Singer, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 

Bumba Mukherjee, Princeton University 

Overview: The adoption of inflation targeting -- a relatively new 

monetary policy rule -- reflects a political calculus based on 

partisanship and the institutional structure of the central bank. We 

offer a formal model and empirical tests. 

Disc. Robert W. Walker, Washington University, St. Louis 

15-5 DOMESTIC AUDIENCE COSTS AND CONFLICT 

BEHAVIOR 


Chair Indridi H. Indridason, University of Iceland 

Paper (In)Credible Commitments: Re-evaluating Audience Costs in 

International Relations 

Zachary M. Mears, Ohio State University 

C. James DeLaet, Ohio State University 

Overview: This paper challenges the traditional argument 

regarding the relationship between audience costs (whether real or 

perceived) and the credibility of foreign policy commitments. 

Paper Public Commitment in Crisis Bargaining 

Bahar Leventoglu, Duke University 

Ahmer Tarar, Texas A&M University 

Overview: We show how public commitments can be used 

instrumentally as a source of bargaining leverage, even in a 

complete information setting in which they have no signaling role. 

Paper Non-democracies, Audience Costs, and Credible Commitment 

Songying Fang, University of Minnesota 

Erica Owen, University of Minnesota 

Overview: How do non-democratic countries credibly commit to 

policies in front of domestic and international audiences? In this 

study, we argue that international institutions provide an important 

mechanism through which non-democracies could credibly signal 

their commitment. 

Paper Democratic Deception: A Pathology of Domestic Audience 

Costs 

Yevgeniy Kirpichevsky, Harvard University 

Phillip Lipscy, Harvard University 

Overview: Using a formal model in which public and private 

outcomes are separable, we demonstrate a potential flaw of 

domestic audience costs as a mechanism for credible commitment. 

Disc. Indridi H. Indridason, University of Iceland 

16-7 MICRO AND MACRO CAUSES OF WAR 


Chair Randall L. Schweller, Ohio State University 

Paper Advisors and War: Bargaining in the Inner Circle 

Brent Strathman, Dartmouth College 

Overview: This study draws from psychological theories of 

advisors to examine the impact of advisors on bargaining 

behavior. In particular, results suggest theorists need to be 

cognizant of advisory effects in the interpretation of threats and 

promises. 

Paper Power Cycle Theory and the Development of Biases Favoring 

War 

Ryan Crow, Johns Hopkins University 

Overview: Rapid shifts in sign and rate of relative power growth 

generate conditions under which national leaders may be subject 

to cognitive motivated biases that produce sub-rational decisionmaking 

leading to war. WWI and WWII serve as case studies. 

Paper Trade Patterns in the Shadow of Major War 

Arnd Plagge, University of Rochester 

Overview: This paper revisits the discussion about the interplay of 

trade and conflict and provides a detailed examination of trade 

patterns on the eve of World War II. Special emphasis is put upon 

portraying the German experience from 1933 to 1941. 

Paper Soldiers, Statesmen and Strategy: The Impact of Preference 

Divergence on Decision-Making 

Dessie P. Zagorcheva, Columbia University 

Overview: This article analyzes how diverging civilian and 

military preferences on issues of foreign policy and national 

security affect the ability of a state to make and implement 

decisions on the use of force. 

Disc. David T. Burbach, Naval War College 

17-6 IT TAKES TIME: RACING, RIVALRY, AND 

PROLIFERATION AS CONFLICT PROCESS 


Chair Mark A. Souva, Florida State University 

Paper Russia - United States: The Transformation an Interstate 

Rivalry 

Brandon G. Valeriano, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Vitaliy Voznyak, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Overview: In this study we examine the Russian – United States 

rivalry focusing on relations since 1991 to the present time of 

2005. The Russian – U.S. rivalry changed from a worldwide, 

geopolitical rivalry to a regional rivalry, but never terminated. 

Paper Proliferation and Coercion: An Ounce of Prevention or a 

Pound of Flesh? 

David Sobek, Louisiana State University 

Dennis M. Foster, Virginia Military Institute 

Sam Robison, Louisiana State University 

Overview: Explores the complex relationship between efforts to 

procure or develop nuclear weapons and the conventional military 

targeting of such proliferators by other states. 

Paper Rivalry, Issues, and the Onset of Conventional Arms Races 

Toby J. Rider, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Overview: I examine the role of conventional arms races within 

the context of rivalry relations. In doing so, I evaluate the issues 

driving disputes between rivals and the extent to which the type of 

issue impacts the probability of an arms race developing. 

Paper Go Big or Stay Home? Negotiated Settlements and The 

Recurrence of War 

Jonathan E. Berohn, University of Colorado 

Overview: Why do states go to war with the same enemies more 

than once? Current theories of war cannot adequately explain why 

we see these recurring wars. 

Paper Armament Systems and Interstate Conflict: A Dyadic Analysis 

Victor Marin, Rice University 

Overview: Armaments and weapons systems are the very means 

by which interstate conflict is executed. This paper seeks to 

investigate which types of arms are most associated with 

international conflict in the context of arms racing. 

Disc. Charity K. Butcher, Indiana University 

Robert B. Packer, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 

18-2 FOREIGN AID: CARROT OR STICK? 


Chair Julie Lantrip, Georgetown University 

Paper Competing Strategies: Comparing Foreign aid and Military 

Intervention 

Paola Fajardo, SUNY, Binghamton 

Overview: This paper explores two mechanisms by which major 

powers influence other’s domestic institutions: military 

intervention and foreign aid. Looking at U.S., this paper compares 

the impact that those strategies have had on democracy between 

1945 and 2004. 

Paper Breaking the Habit: The Impact of Human Rights Abuse 

Spikes, Genocide, Mass Killings, and Adverse Regime 

Changes on U.S. Foreign Aid 

Julie Lantrip, Georgetown University 

Overview: This study tests whether spikes in human rights abuses, 

genocide, mass killings or adverse regime changes can overcome 

strategic interests and bureaucratic inertia and lead to major cuts in 

U.S. foreign aid. 

Page | 135

Paper Anticipating or Reacting? USAID Allocation and Civil War 

Onset 

Ellen Cutrone, Binghamton University 

Overview: Have U.S. policy makers tried to anticipate the 

possibility of civil war when making their decisions about foreign 

aid? This study investigates this question by examining USAID 

allocations to Africa and Latin America between 1945 and 2004. 

Paper Humanitarian or Political?: U.S.'s AIDS Funding to Sub 

Saharan Africa 

Youngsoo Kim, Purdue University 

Overview: Despite its significant contribution, U.S. has been 

criticized for not observing a humanitarian principle in its AIDS 

funding to sub-Saharan Africa. I attempt to figure out the U.S.’s 

criteria in its AIDS funding decisions through a regression 

analysis. 

Disc. Julie Lantrip, Georgetown University 

18-4 MILITARY FORCE AND FOREIGN POLICY 

Room Parlor B, 6 th Floor, Fri at 8:00 am 

Chair Bradley R. Gitz, Lyon College 

Paper Instructing Soldiers for Their States: U.S. and International 

Military Training 

Martin J. Kifer, University of Minnesota 

Overview: This project explains allocation strategies for U.S. 

training assistance to foreign militaries from the Cold War to the 

current policy era. 

Paper Casualty Avoidance and the Use of American Military Force 

Bradley R. Gitz, Lyon College 

Overview: The proposed paper will assess the increasingly 

infuential argument that aversion to suffering casualties hampers 

the use of American military force. 

Paper Cross-Cultural Effects of Casualties on Foreign Policy 

Decision Making 

Nam Tae Park, Texas A&M University, College Station 

Nehemia Geva, Texas A&M University, College Station 

Overview: In this study, I will examine the different perceptions 

and impacts of casualites on foreign policy decision-making in 

both South Korea and the U.S. Cross-national experimental 

design in South Korea and the U.S. will be employed. 

Disc. Donald D.A. Schaefer, Tulane University 


19-4 COMMITMENT, MONITORING, AND 

ENFORCEMENT 

Room Clark 10, 7 th Floor, Fri at 8:00 am 

Chair Susan Hannah Allen, Texas Tech University 

Paper Nonverifiability and the Choice of International Institutions 

Brett V. Benson, Vanderbilt University 

David Soskice, Duke University 

Overview: Why do states resist membership in some international 

organizations? We develop a framework that demonstrates the 

choice of institutions for resolving international cooperation 

problems depends upon the verifiability of players’ actions. 

Paper Delegation of Informational Capacity to International 

Organizations 

Hyeran Jo, University of Michigan 

Overview: I offer a model that specifies the conditions under 

which states delegate different levels of informational capacity to 

international institutions. 

Paper Why Do States Commit to Human Rights Treaties? 

International Condemnation of Norm Violations Among 

Signatory States 


Overview: While the ineffectiveness of international human rights 

treaties is widely held, a key assumption - that there are no 

international costs to committing to a treaty and then violating it - 

has gone untested. 

Page | 136 

Paper Legal Systems and Variance in the Design of Commitments to 

the International Court of Justice 

Emilia J. Powell, Georgia Southern University 

Sara McLaughlin Mitchell, University of Iowa 

Overview: This paper explores the link existing between domestic 

legal systems and the design of commitments to the World Court. 

Disc. Susan Hannah Allen, Texas Tech University 

21-1 EMOTION AND POLICY ATTITUDES 


Chair Nadia Khatib, University of Arizona 

Paper Emotions’ Role on How People Reason about Political Events 

and Public Policy 

Cengiz Erisen, SUNY, Stony Brook 

Milton Lodge, SUNY, Stony Brook 

Charles S. Taber, SUNY, Stony Brook 

Overview: This paper focuses on a consequentialist model of 

decision making which posits that individuals make causal 

inferences when forming judgments. While testing this approach, 

we integrate emotion into the evaluation of anticipated 

consequences. 

Paper Fear Unchecked: How Democracies Curtail Civil Liberties 

after Terrorist Attacks 

Gabriel Rubin, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 

Overview: In this paper, I ask, 'What determines how the 

governments react with regard to civil liberties after terrorist 

attacks?' In response, I forward a theory of how executive threatshaping, 

constrained by mass fears, yields civil liberty 

abridgements. 

Paper Emotion, Attribution, and Attitudes Towards Crime 

Erin C. Cassese, Stony Brook University 

Christopher R. Weber, Stony Brook University 

Milt Lodge, Stony Brook University 

Charles Taber, Stony Brook University 

Overview: In this paper, we examine the way emotions influence 

attributions for criminal behavior and attitudes toward the criminal 

justice system. 

Paper Fear in the Illegal Immigration Debate: Where Do Anxious 

Citizens Get News? 

Shana K. Gadarian, Princeton University 

Bethany Albertson, University of Washington 

Overview: Experimental subjects see campaign appeals about 

immigration. They have a chance to search for more information 

in a website that we designed. We predict that anxious citizens 

will seek information but will be attracted by threatening 

presentations. 

Disc. Tereza Capelos, Leiden University 

22-4 CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS (Co-sponsored with 

Legislative Politics: Campaigns and Elections, see 40- 

10) 


Chair Thomas L. Brunell, University of Texas, Dallas 

Paper Constituency Knowledge of Roll Calls and its Electoral 

Consequences 

Joshua D. Clinton, Princeton University 

Jeff Tessin, Princeton University 

Overview: We study possible mechanisms of constituency 

awareness regarding representative position-taking in the House of 

Representatives and their electoral consequences using a new 

survey of over 13,000 respondents. 

Paper Voting and Valence: Senators' Characteristics and Citizen 

Vote Choice 

Christian R. Grose, Vanderbilt University 

Suzanne Globetti, Vanderbilt University 

Overview: I show that (1) the spatial distance between legislator 

and constituent and (2) a legislator's non-policy valence attributes 

affect a citizen's vote choice. However, this effect is conditional 

upon the voter's position along the ideological dimension.

Paper The New and Old Electoral Connection: Earmarks and Pork 

Barrel Politics 

Diana Evans, Trinity College 

Kenneth N. Bickers, University of Colorado 


Robert D. Wrinkle, University of Texas, Pan American 

Overview: This study examines the electoral impact of House 

members’ credit claiming for traditional pork barrel projects, 

defined as categorical and discretionary grant awards, and 

legislative earmarks to congressional districts. 

Paper Uncovering a Reform Dimension in the 2006 U.S. 

Congressional Elections 

Daron R. Shaw, University of Texas, Austin 

Melvin Hinich, Uiniversity of Texas, Austin 

Overview: We posit that the preferences of American voters are 

currently structured by both left-right social welfare issue attitudes 

and reform/establishment perceptions. We develop an appropriate 

methodology from Cahoon-Hinich. 

Paper Incumbency and Realignment: Partisan Change in House 

Elections 

Scott Basinger, Stony Brook University 

Helmut Norpoth, Stony Brook University 

Overview: It was not until 1994 that a “realignment” registered in 

House elections. We contend that congressional incumbency acted 

as a suppressor variable, delaying the realignment's manifestation 

in congressional elections. 

Disc. Thomas L. Brunell, University of Texas, Dallas 

23-4 THE PARTIES' ROLE IN CONTEMPORARY 

CAMPAIGNS 

Room Parlor F, 6 th Floor, Fri at 8:00 am 

Chair Danny Hayes, Syracuse University 

Paper Political Parties and Strategic Campaign Behavior 

Brian J. Brox, Tulane University 

Overview: This paper looks at the strategic allocation of resources 

by state political parties during campaigns from 1992 to 2002. 

Paper Campaign Mobilization Influence on Party in the Electorate 

David C. Kershaw, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Overview: Models of partisanship overlook the importance of 

electoral party activity for strengthening party-in-the-electorate. 

Panel data show campaign contact strengthens the link between 

partisans and their party and can increase the pool of partisans. 

Paper Campaign Intensity, Partisan Cues, and the Activation of 

Voters in the 2000 Presidential Election 

Scott D. McClurg, Southern Illinois University 

Overview: Previous evidence shows that mobilization of partisans 

is key to understanding campaign success. This paper examines 

the mechanisms connecting partisan mobilization to campaigns. 

The evidence shows that the types of issues campaigns choose to 

emphasize. 

Paper Redistricting, Candidate Recognition, and Candidate 

Contacting 

Seth C. McKee, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg 

Overview: This paper examines the effect of redistricting on 

candidate recognition and candidate contacting strategies. 

Paper The Changing State Legislative Campaign: Bringing the 

Parties Back In 

Chapman Rackaway, Fort Hays State University 

Travis Lovelady, Fort Hays State Univeristy 

Cody Pierson, Fort Hays State University 

Overview: Survey of state legislative candidates on 

professionalism, tactics, and party involvement in campaigns. 

Disc. Danny Hayes, Syracuse University 

Robert L. Dion, University of Evansville 

25-6 THE POLITICAL CONSEQUENCES OF RACIAL 

AND CULTURAL STEREOTYPES 


Chair Jennifer Fitzgerald, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Paper The Role of Policy-Specific Information in Development of 

Welfare Attitudes 

Susan M. Miller, University of Missouri, Columbia 

Sean C. Nicholson-Crotty, University of Missouri, Columbia 

Overview: This paper examines the influence of policy-specific 

information on welfare attitudes. We find that policy-specific 

information plays an integral role in shaping welfare attitudes and 

activating negative stereotypes in the formulation of these views. 

Paper Gender, Race, and Deservedness: Why Americans Now Hate 

Bankruptcy Policy 

Erin E. O'Brien, Kent State University 

Timothy Bowman, Kent State University 

Overview: Why are Americans starting to hate bankruptcy policy? 

This policy, after all, often protects average consumers from 

creditors. Yet, in the last decade, mass publics have increasingly 

come to disapprove of bankruptcy policy and those claiming its 

protection. 

Paper Racial Progress: Thinking about Black Presidential 

Candidates 

David C. Wilson, University of Delaware 

Overview: This research assesses racial progress in terms of the 

public's perceptions of prospective black presidential candidates. 

Paper Prospective and Practicing Teachers’ Attitudes Toward 

Muslims 

Robert Lucking, Old Dominion University 

Nichole Perron, Old Dominion University 

Overview: Using the Pew survey item slightly recast, this research 

study sought to identify over 200 U.S. prospective and practicing 

teachers’ perceptions of the conflict between Muslim and Western 

societies. 

Disc. Jennifer Fitzgerald, University of Colorado, Boulder 

26-101 ROUNDTABLE: MISCALCULATING THE VOTES: 

ANALYSES OF TURNOUT IN VOTING RIGHTS 

DISTRICTS 

Room Adams, 6 th Floor, Fri at 8:00 am 

Panelist Zulema T. Blair, Medgar Evers College 

DeWayne Lucas, Hobart and William Smith Colleges 

Marcus D. Allen, Wheaton College 

Aldrin Bonilla, City University of New York 

Denese McArthur, Binghamton University 

Overview: This panel seeks to draw attention to the various 

components surrounding not only one's ability to communicate to 

voters, but also an analysis of the voters and how well they 

perceive the issues at stake in democratic primaries. 

27-6 ISSUES IN THE NEWS 


Chair Robert K. Goidel, Louisiana State University 

Paper Shaping the Debate: The Strategic Discourse of Washington 

Policymaking 

Michael MacKuen, University of North Carolina 

Patrick J. McHugh, University of North Carolina 

Overview: Using data from recent political battles, we examine 

the contest for issue definition in Washington and in the national 

news media. We test theories about how strategic actors simplify 

policy debate and shape political outcomes. 

Paper Polls in the News: The Effects of Mobilization and Elite 

Dissensus 

Jennifer Oats-Sargent, University of Illinois 

Overview: As elite dissensus and mobilization on an issue 

increase, the frequency of polls cited in news coverage of that 

issue will increase as well. 

Page | 137

Paper From Marginal to Mainstream?: Gay Marriage and the 

Living Wage 

Deva R. Woodly, University of Chicago 

Overview: By examining the content of mainstream discourse, 

official position-taking and public opinion I gauge the success of 

gay marriage and the living wage at stimulating public awareness, 

concern and committment. 

Paper The Missouri Stem Cell Vote: An Examination of the Public’s 

Role in Shaping Science Policy 

Marjorie Kruvand, University of Missouri 

Lee Wilkins, University of Missouri 

Overview: This case study compares the framing of risk in news 

stories and persuasive messages about the November 2006 

Missouri stem cell ballot initiative to voting results and church 

membership to gauge the impact of religious fundamentalism on 

voter choice. 

Paper What Went Wrong?: EU Constitutional Referendum in 

France 

Oya Dursun-Ozkanca, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: This paper focuses on the interaction between media 

coverage, public opinion, and the government policies vis-à-vis 

the issue of the EU Constitution in France, in an attempt to 

understand the French rejection of the EU Constitution. 

Disc. Robert K. Goidel, Louisiana State University 

28-3 INSTITUTIONAL OBSTACLES AND FEMALE 

CANDIDATES 


Chair Elizabeth A. Bennion-Turba, Indiana University, South Bend 

Paper The Chosen Few: EMILY's List Endorsements, 2000-2004 

Jamie P. Pimlott, University of Florida 

Overview: While the number of Democratic women running for 

federal office has increased the number of women receiving 

EMILY's List support has declined.I conduct a pooled time series 

analysis to answer the question of what predicts Emily’s List 

support. 

Paper Incumbency and Age in the VA House of Delegates: Locking 

Women out Early 

Deirdre M. Condit, Virginia Commonwealth University 

Cliff Fox, Virginia Commonwealth University 

Janet Hutchinson, Virginia Commonwealth University 

Overview: Using VA GeoStat (Geospatial & Statistical Data 

Center, UVA) data we examine demographic features of 

incumbency (age at first election and tenure length) to determine 

whether incumbent seats are gendered and so further locking 

women out early. 

Paper Examining Issue Explanations for Women’s Representation at 

the State Level 

Katrina M. Running, University of Arizona 

Overview: I examine the relationship between the number of 

women running for state level offices with state policy priorities to 

test whether states that prioritize issues such as education and 

health care attract more women candidates for political office. 

Paper Women Candidates and Primary Election Law 

Pamela M. Fiber, California State University, Fullerton 

Overview: Using both case study and empirical data, this paper 

tests theories about female candidates likelihood of success under 

various primary election laws. 

Disc. Jeanette M. Mendez, Oklahoma State University 

Elizabeth Bennion Turba, Indiana University, South Bend 

29-14 RACE AND ELECTED REPRESENTATION 


Chair Andra Gillespie, Emory University 

Paper Representing Black Interests in the U.S. Senate 

Michael Minta, Washington University, St. Louis 

Overview: This paper examines the effect of the racial 

composition of the district on the substantive representation of 

minority interests in the U.S. Senate. 

Page | 138 

Paper I Got Here First: Black Representation on City Councils and 

Boards 

Melissa J. Marschall, Rice University 

Anirudh V. S. Ruhil, Ohio University 

Paru Shah, Macalester College 

Overview: Careful modeling of black representation on city 

councils and school boards in a large number of cities observed 

over several decades reveals why and how the relative power of 

district (versus at-large) elections has waned over time. 

Paper The Importance of Race and Ethnicity in Congressional 

Primary Elections 

Regina P. Branton, Rice University 

Overview: This paper provides a more comprehensive view of the 

impact of race and ethnicity in congressional elections by 

examining electoral competition and candidate emergence in 

primary elections as a function of candidate-level race and/or 

ethnicity. 

Paper Black Representation and the Mobilization of White Hate 

Groups 

Richard C. Fording, University of Kentucky 

Overview: In this paper, we expand the study of the effects of 

black descriptive representation by shifting the focus from 

electoral to non-electoral mobilization and examine the 

relationship between black representation and the mobilization of 

white hate groups. 

Disc. Jason Casellas, University of Texas, Austin 

Carla Jackson, Ohio State University 

29-15 IDENTITY, COMMUNITY, AND POLITICAL 

ORIENTATIONS OF LATINOS/AS IN THE UNITED 

STATES 


Chair Slyvia Manzano, Texas A&M University 

Paper Latino Aspirations, Expectations and Experiences in the U.S. 

Educational System 

Valerie Martinez-Ebers, Texas Christian University 

Overview: I explore the gap between educational achievement and 

parental aspirations by examining the effect of local context, 

social identity and parental experience. 

Paper Transnational Linkages, Generational Change, and Latino 

Political Engagement 

Gary M. Segura, University of Washington 

Overview: Processes of assimilation and political incorporation 

are likely to be affected by the persistence of transnational 

connections. The effects of these connections on political 

orientations are explored across generations of U.S. Latinos. 

Paper Foundations of Latino Partisanship 

Luis Ricardo Fraga, Stanford University 

Overview: This paper explores the micro-foundations of 

partisanship among Latinos and distinguishes short-term, 

candidate specific effects from longer term trends in identity. 

Paper Coming to America: Latino Immigrants and the Adoption of 

Identity 

Michael Jones-Correa, Cornell University 

Overview: This paper explores the relationship between changes 

in formal status, from immigrant to naturalized citizen, and 

possible changes in self-identity. 

Paper States of Mind: Differentiation in Identities Adopted by 

Latinos Across States 

Rodney Hero, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: Previous work has demonstrated important variation in 

state policies as a consequence of demographic differences. In 

this paper, I explore whether this effect extends to the self-identity 

of Latinos living in the state. 

Paper Racial and Ethnic Identity among Latinos and Political 

Behavioral Connections 

John A. Garcia, University of Arizona 

Overview: I explore recent changes in the level and structure of 

pan-ethnicity, the degree to which Hispanics of various national 

origin groups see themselves as a collective identity. 

Disc. Slyvia Manzano, Texas A&M University 

Victoria Defrancesco, Rutgers University

30-2 THE PRACTICE OF POLITICS 

Room Dearborn 1, 7 th Floor, Fri at 8:00 am 

Chair Montgomery Brown, Earheart Foundation 

Paper Aristotle on the Orbit of Politics 

Connie Hunt, Michigan State University 

Overview: This paper reminds us that Aristotle thinks the size of a 

political order is crucial to a political order's ability to fulfill its 

proper end. 

Paper Democratic Virtue and Aristotle's Political Realism 

Susan Collins, University of Houston 

Overview: Scholars today frequently look to Aristotle's thought in 

arguing for the virtues that support democratic life. This paper 

argues Aristotle's treatment of democratic virtue is grounded in 

political realism that rivals that of modern liberal thought. 

Paper The Cycle of Politics 

Lise van Boxel, St. John's College 

Overview: Nietzsche thinks political orders arise from each other 

in a cyclical manner. This cyclical movement is to be promoted, as 

it vitalizes the species. Such vitality constitutes human excellence, 

which in turn bestows meaning on human life. 

Paper The Cost of Civilization 

Michael W. Grenke, St. John's College 

Overview: Parts of the soul are suppressed when a political order 

is establlished. Given this, it is unclear how politics can be 

understood as natural. This question will be explored through Lord 

Dunsany's Up in the Hills, a novel about the Irish. 

Disc. Eric Petrie, Michigan State University 

Alex Wall, Harvard University 

32-19 POLITICS, NATURE, AND HUMANITY 


Chair Tom J. Hoffman, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Paper Covenantal Realism: Reclaiming the Possibility of Realist 

Social Contract Theory from the Ruins of Conventionalist and 

Voluntaristic Contractarianism 

Paul R. DeHart, Lee University 

Paul DeHart, University of Texas 

Overview: Modern social contract theorists appeared to level 

classical justifications of the authority of the state leaving consent 

alone as viable basis for legitimate government. But modern 

social contract theory is has proven unworkable because of its 

nominalis. 

Paper Politics, Ethics, and Nature in Spinoza’s Theological-Political 

Treatise 

Adam Gannaway, The New School for Social Research 

Overview: For Spinoza, the notions of politics, ethics, and nature 

are entangled with one another and work together within 

Spinoza’s conceptual framework to encourage a democratic 

system that encourages mutual aid, diversity, and agonistic 

pluralism. 

Paper Smith, Hayek, Darwin, and the Private Sphere 

Lauren K. Hall, Northern Illinois University 

Overview: This paper argues that evolutionary theory supports the 

concept of a private sphere as laid out by liberal thinkers like 

Smith and Hayek. 

Paper Politics of Human Rights 

Sooenn Park, University of Washington 

Overview: The meaning and role of rights, as well as the 

referential range and meaning of the rights-bearing subject human, 

has been changed through hegemonic political struggles between 

different social groups. 

Disc. Steven M. DeLue, Miami University 

32-21 REPUBLICANISM AND LIBERTY 

Room LaSalle 1, 7 th Floor, Fri at 8:00 am 

Chair Thomas C. Ellington, Wesleyan College 

Paper Classical Republican Liberty and the Politics of the Irish Civil 

War 

Gavin M. Foster, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: This paper challenges previous models of the political 

cleavage behind the Irish Civil War (1922 - 23) by arguing for an 

under appreciated strain of classical republicanism in the political 

culture of opponents of the Anglo-Irish Treaty. 

Paper Domination and Distributive Justice 

Frank Lovett, Washington University, St. Louis 

Overview: This paper argues that a commitment to minimizing 

domination entails supporting an unconditional basic income. 

Paper Republicanism and the Market 

Eric MacGilvray, Ohio State University 

Overview: The failure of contemporary republicans to come to 

terms with the central role that markets play in modern societies 

causes them to underestimate the obstacles standing in the way of 

their ideal of freedom. 

Paper Constant's Conception of Modern Liberty: Positive and 

Negative 

Barry F. Murdaco, City University of New York 

Overview: The intellectual history of the concept of liberty 

particularly highlighting the conceptual dichotomy of liberty as 

discussed by Benjamin Constant in "Ancient Liberty v. Modern 

Liberty" and Isaiah Berlin's "Two Concepts of Liberty". 

Disc. Steven A. Kelts, George Washington University 

33-4 POLITICAL AGENCY IN GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE 

Room Suite 9-128, 9 th Floor, Fri at 8:00 am 

Chair Leigh Jenco, University of Chicago 

Paper The Active Democratic Memory: An Eastern European 

Contribution 

Delia Alexandru, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Overview: This paper argues that the works of Vaclav Havel and 

other Eastern European dissidents offer contributions to liberal 

democratic theory, specifically with respect to the boundary 

between public and private spheres. 

Paper On Antipolitics 

D. Christopher Brooks, St. Olaf College 

Overview: This paper is an exploration of the concept of 

antipolitics as conceived initially by the prominent dissident 

intellectuals of East-Central Europe, with an eye to its 

rehabilitation as a radically democratic approach to politics in a 

post – 9/11 world. 

Paper Beyond Public and Private: Zhang Shizhao’s Revision of the 

Political 

Leigh Jenco, University of Chicago 

Overview: This paper explores the inner-outer dichotomy that in 

Chinese reform discourses identifies potential sites for worldchanging 

action, and how such a trope may enrich understandings 

of political action in democratic community. 

Paper ‘I speak therefore I am’: Communication, Cosmopolitanism, 

and Political Agency in John Dewey's Political Thought 

Sara Jordan, Texas A&M University 

Overview: By rediscovering the poetic in politics, Dewey 

advances a notion of political agency that is at once more 

“beautiful” and more democratic, as well as more cosmopolitanly 

fluid, than the stilted language of ideological politics in 

Progressive America. 

Paper Gandhi and the Politics of Androgynous Courage 

S. Sara Rouhi, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: M.K. Gandhi’s political thought reveals a new type of 

courage that deconstructs traditional understandings of courage. 

Its androgynous, nonviolent nature is rooted in spiritual ends and 

Gandhi’s own upbringing within a gendered colonial discourse. 

Disc. Benjamin F. Berger, Swarthmore College 

33-20 SUFFERING, HAPPINESS, AND OUR 

RESPONSIBILITY TO OTHERS 


Chair Larry M. Preston, Union Institute & University 

Paper Ghosts of Prometheus: Sacrifice, Animal Rights and the 

Political 

Stefan Dolgert, Duke University 

Overview: A critique of liberal social contract and animal rights 

theory, this paper argues that an understanding of the concept of 

sacrifice is necessary to comprehend the political relationship 

between human and non-human animals. 

Page | 139

Paper Suffering, Theory, and Politics 

Giunia Gatta, University of Minnesota 

Overview: I observe that the activity of theorizing suffering 

sometimes contributes to, in George Kateb’s words, “making the 

suffering absent.” I pursue a mode of theorizing suffering that will 

avoid this pitfall. 

Paper Popper's Negative Utilitarianism and Hedonic Psychology 

William A. Gorton, Alma College 

Overview: My essay explores Karl Popper’s concept of negative 

utilitarianism and its potential, when wedded to recent findings 

from the field of hedonic psychology, to offer an attractive 

approach for formulating public policy in liberal democracies. 

Paper Conscience as Responsibility 

Jennie Han, University of Chicago 

Overview: Using Arendt's texts, I theorize conscience as a specific 

arrangement of political relationships to argue that conscience, not 

moral principles or intersubjective relationships, should ground 

our understanding of ethical responsibility to the other. 

Paper Human Rights, Poverty, and a Discourse on Eudaimonia 


Erik W. Kuiler, George Mason University 

Overview: Engaging a discourse of human rights and eudaimonia, 

we elaborate a conceptualization of extreme poverty that 

emphasizes deontology as a guiding principle for developing a 

political dialogue and policy agenda on human poverty in the 

context of human rights. 

Disc. Larry M. Preston, Union Institute & University 

34-6 COMPUTATIONAL MODELS 


Chair Jenna L. Bednar, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 

Paper Evolutionary Computation for Political Scientists 

Oleg Smirnov, University of Miami 

Overview: The paper introduces evolutionary computation (EC) 

for political scientists. 

Paper The Dynamics Of Deliberation And Coordination: An Agent- 

Based Approach 

Randall Calvert, Washington University, St. Louis 

Stephen Haptonstahl, Washington University, St. Louis 

Overview: We use an agent-based computational model of an nplayer 

Battle of the Sexes game with pre-game cheap talk 

coordination to explore the dynamics of political communication 

and the role it plays in political coordination. 

Paper Of Colonels and Generals: Understanding Asymmetry in the 

Colonel Blotto Game 


Overview: I develop and extend a computational simulation based 

method to study the effects of resource asymmetry on competition 

in the Colonel Blotto Game. Using genetic algorithms (GA), I coevolve 

good sets of strategies in order to estimate the mixed 

strategy. 

Paper Cooperate, Fight, Defect or Flight? An Game-Choice 

Experiment 

James E. Hanley, Adrian College 

Overview: Subjects are given the choice between entering a 

Prisoner’s Dilemma or forcing a Hawk-Dove game, providing 

insight into humanity’s propensity to favor either conflict or 

sociality. 

Paper The Emergence of Cooperation and Dynamic Networks: 

Choosing Your Neighbors 

Kai P. Spiekermann, London School of Economics and Political 


Overview: The paper presents an agent-based model to explore the 

emergence of cooperation on dynamic networks. Agents influence 

with whom they play. The social network of interaction changes 

over time, giving cooperators an advantage over defectors. 

Disc. Mikhail G. Myagkov, University of Oregon 

Page | 140 

35-5 CAUSAL INFERENCE 


Chair Jake Bowers, Harvard University 

Paper Synthetic Control Methods for Comparative Case Studies 

Jens Hainmueller, Harvard University 

Alexis Diamond, Harvard University 

Alberto Abadie, Harvard University 

Overview: We present synthetic control methods for comparative 

case studies of aggregate interventions. Our method produces 

informative inference regardless of the number of units and time 

periods. We offer companion software to compute the proposed 

estimators. 

Paper Practical Sensitivity Analysis 

Kevin A. Clarke, University of Rochester 

Overview: This paper is intended to serve as a practical guide to 

sensitivity analysis in econometric research. I discuss a variant of 

sensitivity analysis that is useful for econometrics, provide 

computer code and an example. 

Paper Statistical Analysis of Randomized Experiments with Missing 

Outcomes 

Kosuke Imai, Princeton University 

Overview: I propose new identification strategies for estimating 

the average treatment effects in randomized experiments with 

missing outcomes. The methods are developed for randomized 

experiments with and without noncompliance. 

Disc. Jasjeet S. Sekhon, University of California, Berkeley 

37-4 POLITICAL PARTIES AND WOMEN'S 

CANDIDACIES (Co-sponsored with Gender and 



Chair Denise Baer, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Paper The Strategic Use of Information Shortcuts: The Impact of 

Electoral Rules on Candidate Selection by Parties 

Melody E. Valdini, Portland State University 

Overview: We know that information shortcuts are frequently 

used by voters, but how does this affect party nomination 

behavior? Are parties trying to strategically activate cues through 

candidate selection, and if so, how does this behavior affect the 

types of candidates. 

Paper Stereotypes at the Gate: The Role of Party Rules in Women's 


Angela L. Bos, University of Minnesota 

Overview: This paper investigates whether state party rules which 

guide nominating conventions prime convention delegates' use of 

gender stereotypes in their decisions. Using survey data from 5 

states I find that stereotype use is influenced by various rules. 

Paper The Effect of Electoral Context on When Parties Recruit 

Women 

Katherine W. Drake, University of Michigan 

Katherine F. Gallagher, University of Michigan 

Overview: We explore the mediating effects of the electoral 

context and party executive composition on the role of centralized 

parties in increasing the number of women candidates using a 

comparative, cross-state dataset from the United States. 

Paper Candidate Characteristics as Policy Relevant Signals in PAC 


Janna L. Deitz, Western Illinois University 

Overview: The effects of race and gender on receiving labor and 

corporate money are significantly conditioned by candidate status, 

party, and ideology—signals of policy-relevant information to 

these PACs. PAC discrimination may be rooted in these signals. 

Paper Exploring the Presentation of Women in Political Party News 

Releases 

Abby Gail LeGrange, University of Florida 

Overview: This study explored the way the political parties 

represent women in their news releases. Gender differences 

emerged as did differences between the two parties with regard to 

quantity and quality of coverage. 

Disc. Jennifer L. Lawless, Brown University 

Denise Baer, University of Illinois, Chicago

38-3 NOMINATIONS AND ELECTIONS 


Chair Larry Butler, Rowan University 

Paper Delivering the People's Message: Presidential Mandate 

Claims, 1929-2005 

Julia R. Azari, Yale University 

Overview: Under what conditions do presidents claim mandates? 

This project is an inquiry into the use of mandate claims as a 

presidential communication strategy. By coding communications 

beginning with Herbert Hoover through the early second term of 

George W. Bush. 

Paper A Theory of Aspirant Opportunism: Presidential Elections, 

1796-2004 

Lara M. Brown, California State University, Channel Islands 

Overview: This paper offers a theory of aspirant opportunism and 

examines presidents when they were aspirants. 

Paper The President as Moral Leader? 

Adam Kradel, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: This paper compares the images of moral character in 

campaign ads of Democratic presidential candidates during the 

Iowa caucuses and New Hampshire primary for the 2004 

presidential election to coverage of candidates by local print 

media. 

Paper Does Presidential Primary Order Affect Policy? 

Andrew J. Taylor, North Carolina State University 

Overview: Anecdotal evidence has many thinking that presidents 

enact policy that favors states that hold their nomination contests 

early. I test a derived hypothesis on federal procurement spending 

data and show this notion to be conditionally true. 

Paper Explaining Leadership Patterns in United States Presidential 

Elections 

Chris H. Untiet, Iowa State University 

Overview: Stephen Skowronek argues for patterned leadership in 

the United States Presidency. Systematic description and public 

opinion data further explain such patterns and allow prediction for 

what type of president will be elected in 2008. 

Disc. Larry Butler, Rowan University 

Andy Rudalevige, Dickinson College 

40-7 PARTIES AND MONEY IN LEGISLATIVE 

ELECTIONS 


Chair Jean-Francois Godbout, Northwestern University 

Paper The Signaling Effect of Political Party Contributions in U.S. 

House Races 

Garrett Glasgow, University of California, Santa Barbara 

Sean Cain, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: Using FEC data from all House races from 2000-2006, 

we demonstrate that political party contributions to House 

candidates are used to signal other potential contributors that the 

race is close. 

Paper The Misunderstood and Much Maligned Leadership PAC: 

Serving the Party’s Collective Interest 

Eric S. Heberlig, University of North Carolina, Charlotte 

Bruce A. Larson, Gettysburg College 

Overview: It is a false dichotomy to understand LPAC 

contributions as either advancing personal goals or the party’s 

goals. LPACs, more than reelection committees, increasingly 

employ electorally-driven strategies with majority status at stake. 

Paper Does Party Electoral Help Produce More Party Loyalty in 

Congress? 

Casey B. K. Dominguez, University of San Diego 

Overview: Based on a unique dataset of pre-primary party support 

for successful 2002 House candidates, this paper asks whether, 

controlling for district partisanship, those candidates who received 

more party support are more party loyal once in Congress. 

Paper The “Dean Dozens” and the Role of the Internet in the 2004 

House Elections 

Phillip S. Edmunds, Wayne State University 

Overview: This paper examines whether online campaign 

strategies by a group of innovative candidates translated into 

higher than expected levels of campaign contributions and votes in 

the 2004 election for the U.S. House of Representatives. 

Paper Parties, Campaign Contributions, and Gender Diversity in the 

U.S. House 

Kristin Kanthak, University of Pittsburgh 

George Krause, University of Pittsburgh 

Amanda Driscoll, Washington University, St. Louis 

Overview: We offer a theory of how legislators decide which of 

their colleagues are most valuable, based on preferences for 

gender diversity and ideological cohesion within parties. We test 

our theory using member-to-member campaign contributions in 

the House. 

Disc. Jeffrey M. Stonecash, Syracuse University 

41-5 SEX AND JUDGING (Co-sponsored with Gender and 


Room Parlor E, 6 th Floor, Fri at 8:00 am 

Chair Sarah Fischer, American University 

Paper Investigating the Influence of Attorney Gender in Supreme 

Court Litigation 

John J. Szmer, University of North Carolina, Charlotte 

Tammy A. Sarver, Benedictine University 

Erin B. Kaheny, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 

Overview: In this paper, we investigate the important role of 

attorneys in Supreme Court litigation with a focus on the influence 

of attorney gender on the nature of counsel participation and on 

the likelihood of litigant success. 

Paper Competing Explanations for Federal Judicial Selection 

Margaret S. Williams, Goucher College 

Overview: By considering aggregate level influences on 

presidential appointments to the federal bench, from Carter 

through Bush, this article seeks to build a better understanding of 

how the federal bench is diversified. 

Paper Evaluating Race and Gender on the Federal Appellate Bench 

Laura Moyer, University of Georgia 

Todd A. Collins, University of Georgia 

Overview: This project examines federal circuit-judge cohorts in 

terms of race and gender. The results suggest that minority female 

judges are more likely to support a defendant’s claims when 

compared to their colleagues on the bench. 

Paper Untangling the Causal Effects of Sex on Judging 

Andrew D. Martin, Washington University 

Christina L. Boyd, Washington University 

Lee Epstein, Northwestern University 

Overview: We study the causal effects of sex on decision making 

in the U.S. Courts of Appeals using a new, comprehensive 

database of all decisions in a number of issue areas. We argue that 

traditional regression methods are insufficient. 

Paper Gender Differences in the U.S. and Canadian Supreme Courts 

Cynthia L. Ostberg, University of the Pacific 

Matthew E. Wetstein, Delta College 

Overview: This paper uses time series and logistic regression to 

examine gender differences within the high courts of Canada and 

the United States over a 30-year time frame (1973-2003). 

Disc. Sarah Fischer, American University 

Kenneth L. Manning, University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth 

41-18 THE SUPREME COURT AND THE EXECUTIVE 

BRANCH (Co-sponsored with Presidency and 

Executive Politics, see 38-16) 

Room Burnham 1, 7 th Floor, Fri at 8:00 am 

Chair Steven Puro, St. Louis University 

Paper The Adjudication of Presidential Power in the U.S. Supreme 

Court 

Todd A. Curry, Western Michigan University 

Overview: This paper attempts to predict, through the use of 

attitudinal, extra-attitudinal, and legal factors, the individual level 

decision-making of U.S. Supreme Court justices in cases of 

presidential power. 

Paper Selecting Influence? The Solicitor General and the Supreme 

Court 

Chris Nicholson, University of Houston 

Paul M. Collins, University of Houston 

Page | 141

Overview: I examine the Solicitor General’s amicus strategies in 

the Supreme Court and find that the SG files briefs in cases that he 

is predisposed to win, suggesting scholars have likely overstated 

the influence of the SG on the justices’ decision making. 

Paper Solicitor General Success or Failure Before the Supreme 

Court: U.S. as a Party 

Rebecca E. Deen, University of Texas, Arlington 

Joseph Ignagni, University of Texas, Arlington 

James Meernik, University of North Texas 

Overview: Our research explores presidential influence on the 

Supreme Court by examining all cases before the Court in which 

the United States was a party, from 1953 to 2004. 

Paper The Executive Branch and the Use of Presidential Signing 

Statements 

Darryn C. Beckstrom, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: This paper seeks to analyze the effect of presidential 

signing statements and the constitutional challenges to these 

statements on judicial power. 

Disc. Amy Steigerwalt, Georgia State University 

Marcus E. Hendershot, University of Florida 

42-15 CRIMINAL PROCEDURE AND CONSTITUTIONAL 

DOCTRINE 

Room Clark 5,7 th Floor, Fri at 8:00 am 

Chair Kyle A. Scott, Miami University 

Paper The Supreme Court’s Application of Common Law in Cases 

of No-Knock Entry 

Kyle A. Scott, Miami University, Oxford 

Matthew A. Kern, Miami University, Oxford 

Jeremy A. Martin, Miami University, Oxford 

Overview: This paper examines how the Supreme Court chooses 

between U.S. Constitution, precedent, statute, and common law 

rules in its decision making process. We examine this process by 

looking at cases of no knock entry. 

Paper Justice John Paul Stevens and Prisoners' Rights 

Christopher E. Smith, Michigan State University 

Overview: Beginning in the 1970s, John Paul Stevens established 

himself as the Supreme Court's foremost advocate of prisoners' 

rights. Using the Blackmun papers and other information, this 

paper examines how a former antitrust lawyer assumed this role. 

Disc. John H. Parham, Davenport University 

44-6 INTERGOVERNMENTAL POLICY LEADERSHIP 

Room Parlor C, 6 th Floor, Fri at 8:00 am 

Chair Carol S. Weissert, Florida State University 

Paper Intergovernmental Relations and the National 

Nanotechnology Initiative 

Paul M. Hallacher, Pennsylvania State University 

Overview: This NSF funded study of nanotechnology policy 

making examines factors influencing the shift from centralized 

federalism to intergovernmental management within policy 

domains, with attention to the roles of policy entrepreneurs and 

policy learning. 

Paper Following the Leader: National and State Dimensions of 

Policy Change 

Holley Tankersley, Coastal Carolina University 

Overview: The study posits an upward theory of policy diffusion, 

suggesting that policy innovation flows from the states to the 

national government via the mechanism of presidential agendasetting. 

Paper Who Leads?: Changes in Education Policy at the Federal and 

State Level 

Matthew J. Twetten, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Overview: This paper applies the General Punctuation 

Equilibrium theory advanced by Jones and Baumgartner to the 

policy sub-system of Education and the relationship between 

changes at the state level and changes at the federal level. 

Paper Governing Green: Gubernatorial Leadership and the 

Environment 

Jack McGuire, Potsdam College 

Overview: This paper examines the Democratic and Republican 

Party platforms for the winning gubernatorial candidates in 20 

Page | 142 

states from 1996 to 2004 for environmental pledges to specific 

policy goals. 

Disc. Carol S. Weissert, Florida State University 

Bertram Johnson, Middlebury College 

45-6 ISSUES IN LOCAL PUBLIC FINANCE 


Chair Richard A. Wandling, Eastern Illinois University 

Paper Raising Property Taxes: Prudent Policy, or Political Suicide? 

Harry Cherniak, Washington University, St. Louis 

Overview: It is assumed that municipal politicians who raise 

property taxes are punished in elections, and that as a result, 

residential property taxes are underutilized. An analysis of 

Ontario municipal election data shows evidence against this claim. 

Paper Strategic Compensation: Utilizing Efficiency Wages in the 

Public Sector 

Trenton J. Davis, Northern Illinois University 

Overview: Through an empirical, as well as qualitative analysis 

involving municipalities in Illinois, this research examines the use 

of efficiency wages as a means for strategic compensation in the 

public sector. 

Paper The Fiscal Implications of Annexation 

Mary M. Edwards, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Overview: In this research I examine the fiscal implications of 

annexation by focusing on local government efficiency and 

revenue wealth. The analysis of 500 cities shows how annexation 

affects per capita service levels and property tax capacity. 

Paper New Perspectives on State Intervention in Urban Institutions 

Debra H. Moore, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale 

Overview: Historically, states have intervened in cities 

experiencing fiscal crisis in an attempt to move them toward 

stability. Exercised through the state's will and capacity 

intervention is a tool that allows a state to bailout or to recover a 

city. 

Disc. Richard A. Wandling, Eastern Illinois University 

Gary Mattson, Northern Kentucky University 

46-5 EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF SCHOOL 

REFORMS (Co-sponsored with Public Administration, 

see 50-22) 


Chair Michelle R. Ranville, George Mason University 

Paper Examining School Choice through the Eyes of Parents: Are 

Information Networks Separate and Unequal 

Suzanne M. Leland, University of North Carolina, Charlotte 

Ken Godwin, University of North Carolina, Charlotte 

Andy Baxter, University of North Carolina, Charlotte 

Overview: Our paper examines the effects of school choice policy 

in a diverse urban school district in Charlotte, North Carolina. We 

specifically study how and where parents of different socioeconomic 

backgrounds obtain their information when choosing a 

school. 

Paper The Effectiveness of Private School Franchises in Chile’s 

Voucher Program 

Gregory M. Elacqua, Princeton University 

Dante Contreras, University of Chile 

Overview: This paper compares achievement in private franchises, 

independent schools, and public schools in Chile’s voucher 

program. We find that franchises have a large advantage over 

other schools, once student attributes and selectivity are 

controlled. 

Paper Texas Charter Schools: A Decade of Policy Outcomes 

Rhonda S. Struminger, Texas A&M University 

Overview: Using a management model for public policy 

implementation, this study compares charter schools with regular 

public schools in terms of teacher experience, turnover rates, 

salaries, and student performance on state assessment tests.

Paper School Governance and Information: Does Choice Lead to 

Informed Parents? 

Patrick Wolf, University of Arkansas 

Brian Kisida, University of Arkansas 

Overview: In this paper we examine if increasing choices to 

parents through the use of school vouchers leads to parents who 

are more informed about their children's school. 

Paper Parental Satisfaction under Universal School Choice 

Elif Erisen, Stony Brook University 

Jack Buckley, Teachers College 

Overview: This paper examines parental satisfaction in a universal 

school choice environment by means of a panel study. The paper 

focuses on differences across school sectors as well as within 

school sector differences in terms of organization and mission. 

Disc. Olivia M. McDonald, Regent University 

Gordon Shockley, Arizona State University 

50-1 MANAGING DISASTER: ADMINISTRATIVE 

ASSESSMENTS OF THE RESPONSE TO 

HURRICANE KATRINA 


Chair Samuel H. Clovis, Jr., Morningside College 

Paper The Role of Political Science in Disaster Studies: Unrealized 

Potential 

Thomas A. Birkland, SUNY, Albany 

Overview: This paper describes the contributions that political 

scientists can make to understanding the socio-political aspects of 

natural and technological hazards and disasters. 

Paper The Effectiveness of FEMA's Reorganization? 

Viviane E. Foyou, West Virginia University 

Overview: In the three years since DHS was created, FEMA’s 

ability to respond to disasters was questioned especially during the 

aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. The objective of this study is to 

review the purpose of reorganization, and trace the evolution of 

FEMA. 

Paper The Policy Challenge of Regionalizing Catastrophic Disaster 

Management 

Brian J. Gerber, West Virginia University 

Overview: This paper explores a critical dimension and limitation 

of disaster management policy in the U.S.: the lack of effective 

regional coordination institutions to deal with catastrophic events 

that require a multiple-jurisdictional response. 

Paper Was it the Plans, the Leaders, or the System? An Assessment 

of Failures in Hurricane Katrina 

Patrick S. Roberts, Virginia Tech University 

Overview: Instead of the problems with plans or leadership during 

the response to Hurricane Katrina, I focus on the failures and 

contradictions in the system of disaster preparedness. States and 

localities are not rewarded for making hard choices to change 

development. 

Paper The Disastrous Response to Hurricane Katrina: Blame it on 

the Bureaucracy? 

Saundra K. Schneider, Michigan State University 

Overview: Why did such horrific conditions emerge and persist in 

the gulf coast states following Hurricane Katrina? Many 

journalists and public officials have blamed the worst elements of 

this situation on “the bureaucracy.” 

Disc. Samuel H. Clovis, Jr., Morningside College 

Peter Haas, San Jose State University 

52-2 SOCIAL CAPITAL WITHIN AND ACROSS 

DIVERSE COMMUNITIES 


Chair Luke J. Keele, Ohio State University 

Paper Bridging and Bonding: Ethnicity and Voluntary Associations 

in Canada 

Edward G. Grabb, University of Western Ontario 

Monica C. Hwang, University of Waterloo 

Robert E. Andersen, McMaster University 

Overview: Canadian survey data for 2000 show most ethnic or 

racial minorities differ little in their number of voluntary 

association involvements. Exceptions are lower levels for Latin 

Americans and East Asians and quite high levels for Jewish 

Canadians. 

Paper Volunteering Asians and Latinos: Patterns of Group 

Volunteer Behavior 

Dari E. Sylvester, University of the Pacific 

Overview: The conspicuous absence of Latinos and Asians in 

various volunteer domains is explored. Cultural difference and 

social disenfranchisement hypotheses are tested. 

Paper Civil Society, Faith-Based Radicalism and Individualism 

Ayhan Akman, Sabanci University 

Overview: I am interested in the question of whether religious 

movements which do not espouse individualism as a core value 

can be considered a vital and legitimate part of civil society. 

Disc. Pamela Paxton, Ohio State University 

55-101 ROUNDTABLE: INTERDISCIPLINARY 

TEACHING IN POLITICAL SCIENCE: BEST 

PRACTICES? 

Room Monroe, 6 th Floor, Fri at 8:00 am 

Panelist Karen Beckwith, Case Western Reserve University 


Lisa Baldez, Dartmouth College 

R. Michael Alvarez, California Institute of Technology 

Patrick Sellers, Davidson College 

Lester Spence, Johns Hopkins University 

Overview: This roundtable, part of the APSA Presidential Task 

Force on Interdisciplinarity, focuses on interdisciplinary teaching. 

How do political scientists engage in interdisciplinary teaching? 

What are the best practices in political science? 

62-2 CAPITALISM AND GLOBALISM 

Room Parlor J, 6 th Floor, Fri at 8:00 am 

Chair Craig Curtis, Bradley University 

Paper Institutionalizing Hegemony in Venezuela 

Daniel C. Hellinger, Webster University 

Overview: Since the resounding victory of President Hugo Chavez 

in the August 2004 recall election, the presidient's supporters have 

sought to institutionalize a new regime based on the Bolivarian 

Constitution of 1999. 

Paper Time and Political Contestation in Hobbes and Lukacs 

Nichole Shippen, Rutgers University 

Overview: This paper delineates the ways in which different 

conceptions of time as order and predictability within the political 

philosophy of Hobbes and Lukacs affect the range of possibilities 

for political contestation of that order. 

Paper What We Have Forgotten About Capitalism 

Craig Curtis, Bradley University 

Overview: The purpose of this paper is to make a normative 

argument that our current version of capitalism is not functioning 

as the founders intended and that, as a consequence, it exerts a 

negative impact on our society. 

Paper The Production of the Global 

Isaac Kamola, University of Minnesota 

Overview: This paper looks at how what was once called the 

international, or world-, system has become re-imagined as a 

global system. I argue that the discourses of globalization and 

global governance are symptomatic of an emerging global 

imaginary. 

Disc. John C. Berg, Suffolk University 

Page | 143

Friday, April 13 – 9:50 am – 11:25 am 

1-101 ROUNDTABLE: SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION, 

EMPIRICAL MEASUREMENT, AND POLITICAL 

CONSEQUENCES OF IDENTITY 

Room Red Lacquer, 4 th Floor, Fri at 9:50 am 

Chair Claudine Gay, Harvard University 

Panelist Yoshiko Herrera, Harvard University 

Kenneth Scheve, Yale University 

Keith Darden, Yale University 

Taeku Lee, University of California, Berkeley 

Leonie Huddy, SUNY, Stony Brook 

Ismail K. White, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: Panelists on this roundtable will survey key insights 

that have emerged from recent identity scholarship, as well as 

offer perspectives on what is being overstudied, understudied, and 

studied wrong. 

2-4 CORPORATE TAX COMPETITION IN 

INDUSTRIALIZED DEMOCRACIES 


Chair John Freeman, University of Minnesota 

Paper Globalization and Strategic Policy Interdependence Across the 

OECD 

Jude C. Hayes, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Robert J. Franzese, University of Michigan 

Overview: This paper outlines best practice for using special lag 

models illustrating these technique through a reanalysis of 

Basinger and Hallerberg's research on capital tax competition. 

Paper International Tax Competition or Diffusion 

Nathan M. Jensen, Washington University, St. Louis 

Rene Lindstaedt, SUNY, Stonybrook 

Overview: This paper utilizes party positions on corporate tax 

policy in the OECD to test whether observed changes in corporate 

tax policy is best explained through models of international tax 

competition or policy diffusion. 

Paper Taxing Choices: Democracy, Markets, and the 

Transformation of Tax Policy 

Duane Swank, Marquette University 

Overview: This paper accounts for the policy influences of 

common and interdependent international forces as well as for the 

incentives and constraints on policy change through domestic 

politics. 

Disc. John Freeman, University of Minnesota 

3-5 DEMOCRATIC CULTURE AND VALUES 


Chair Marc Belanger, Saint Mary's College 

Paper Social Capital and (Ethnic) Violence in Sub-Saharan Africa 

David Backer, College of William & Mary 

Ravi Bhavnani, Michigan State University 

Overview: This paper uses individual-level data from the 

Afrobarometer survey to explore the relationship between various 

dimensions of social capital and patterns of conflict and related 

phenomena in 18 countries across Sub-Saharan Africa. 

Paper Assessing Political Culture in Asian Democracy 

Sangmook Lee, Yonsei University, ROK 

Jangsup Choi, Texas Tech University 

Overview: The objective of this study is to explore the nature of 

Asian political culture, by examining how political culture of 

Asian democracies is either similar or different from that of liberal 

democracy. 

Disc. Marc Belanger, Saint Mary's College 

Carew Boulding, University of California, San Diego 

Page | 144 

3-203 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: EXTERNAL DEBT 

AND CONVERT FINANCING UNDERMINE 

WARMAKING-STATE-BUILDING LINK 

Room State, 4 th Floor, Table 1, Fri at 9:50 am 

Presenter External Debt and Covert Financing Undermine Warmaking- 

State-Building Link 

Anas Malik, Xavier University 

Overview: External debt and covert financing intervene in the 

warmaking-statebuilding link. Rather than tax effort, developing 

countries prefer to borrow or manipulate the money stock for 

revenue-raising 

4-7 PUBLIC OPINION AND DEMOCRACY IN THE FSU 

(Co-sponsored with Politics of Communist and Former 

Communist Countries, see 13-13) 


Chair Paul M. Loveless, Georgetown University 

Paper Public Responses to Elite Changes in the Soviet Union & 

Estonia, 1987-1991 


Cynthia S. Kaplan, University of California, Santa Barbara 

Overview: Dozens of public opinion polls are analyzed to 

demonstrate the important role played by public opinion during 

the Soviet collapse by tracing the relationship between elite 

actions and public responses in Russia, Estonia, and other Soviet 

Republics. 

Paper Support for the Ukrainian Orange Revolution 

Arthur H. Miller, University of Iowa 

Overview: This paper examines the processes of democratic 

transitions by using survey data to test hypotheses regarding the 

sources of support for the Ukrainian Orange revolution in 2004 

and 2006. 

Paper Voters Preferences and Parties Cleavages in Ukrainian 

Democratic Transition 

Mikhail G. Myagkov, University of Oregon 

Peter Ordeshook, California Institute of Technology 

Dmitrii Shakin, Russian Economic School 

Overview: We explore whether apparent emergence of new 

political party system in Ukraine finds reflection in the 

preferences of voters. The main focus is whether Ukrainian 

transition to democracy is moving toward Western or Russian 

political model. 

Paper “Color” Revolutions in Commonwealth of Independent States: 

Variables of Success Comparative Study of Azerbaijan, 

Georgia and Ukraine 

Anar Valiyev, University of Louisville 

Overview: The paper compares the situation in three post-Soviet 

republics - Ukraine, Georgia and Azerbaijan - analyzes the 

reasons and factors that led to successful revolutions in Georgia 

and Ukraine, and failure in Azerbaijan. 

Disc. Raymond Duch, Oxford University 

Vicki L. Hesli, University of Iowa 

4-201 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: THAILAND: 

TRANSITION TO WHAT? 


Presenter The 2006 Coup in Thailand and Its Impact to Democracy 

from Thai Perspective 

Aticha Suebsawangkul, University of Missouri, St. Louis 

Overview: The Coup provokes a reexamination of democracy in 

Thailand. What causes the Coup? Does the collapse of civilian 

government fail the democratization? What lessons can be drawn 

to understand democratization in other countries? The answers 

require an analysis.

Presenter Doing it Thai Way: Toward Democracy or Authoritarianism 

Sirivalaya Kachathan, Texas Tech University 

Overview: The analysis of the unprecedented political event 

inThailand will serve a San indicator to tell whether this event will 

lead a country to be more a democratic government or slip back 

into an authoritarian regime like it happened in many parts of the 

world. 

4-202 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: GRASSROOTS 

MOBILIZATION IN KOREA 


Presenter From Street to Polling Booth: The Democratic Generation in 

South Korea 

Won-ho Park, University of Florida 

JunhgHwa Lee, Oregon State University 

Overview: We analyze the voting behavior of the democratization 

generation in South Korea, which contributed to the transfer of 

power to the opposition party and the broadening of the 

ideological spectrum of the party system. 

Presenter Learning and Doing Politics: Strategies and Works in Korean 

Housewives’ Protest Politics 

Youngtae Shin, University of Central Oklahoma 

Overview: I explore Korean housewives protest movements and 

their unusal strategies that aims to appeal to the cultural norms 

specific to their age and gender to attain their goals. 

5-9 INSTITUTIONS AND DEMOCRACY IN SPAIN 


Chair Kerstin Hamann, University of Central Florida 

Paper Speaking for Place or Party? Territorial Representation and 

the Legislative Behavior of Deputies in the Spanish Congress 

of Deputies 

Alfred P. Montero, Carleton College 

Overview: The paper asks whether individual deputies in the 

Spanish Congress of Deputies with experience in sub-national 

politics proffer questions in committee and plenary sessions as 

theories of territorial representation in decentralized polities 

predict. 

Paper Feminized Federalization: The Incorporation of Spanish 

Women into Sub-national Parties and State Institutions 

Candice D. Ortbals, Pepperdine University 

Overview: The paper examines whether Spanish federalization 

feminizes political parties and the state. It concludes that 

federalization is advantageous (policy innovations) and 

disadvantageous (closed non-feminized institutions) depending on 

the region. 

Paper The Power of Committees in the Spanish Congress of Deputies 

Lynn M. Maurer, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville 

Overview: The influence of the Spanish committee system is 

examined over eight legislative sessions based on elite interviews. 

Committee influence in this new democracy is found to vary 

according to different variables than in longstanding democracies. 

Paper The Genesis of Candidate Selection Procedures in Spain 

(1976-1982) 

Bonnie N. Field, Bentley College 

Peter Siavelis, Wake Forest University 

Overview: The paper applies a framework on the genesis of 

candidate selection procedures (regime uncertainty, party 

organization, institutional format, and the strategic complexity of 

the electoral system) to explain the exclusive candidate selection 

procedures in Spain. 

Paper Life-cycle, Generation or Period Effect? Party Development in 

Post-Franco Spain 

Ingrid van Biezen, University of Birmingham 

Overview: This paper focuses on political parties in Spain: it 

redresses the theoretical contours for the study of party formation 

and development and empirically evaluates the development of the 

main parties throughout the post-Franco period. 

Disc. Robert Fishman, University of Notre Dame 

6-3 ON THE QUALITY OF DEMOCRACY 


Chair Marc Howard, Georgetown University 

Paper Putting Tocqueville to the Test: The Internal Effects of 

Participation 

Marc M. Howard, Georgetown University 

Leah E. Gilbert, Georgetown University 

Overview: Employing a new measure of civic involvement that 

distinguish es between different types of participation, this paper 

argues that the internal effects hypothesized by Tocqueville are 

widely present in the U.S. and 19 European countries. 

Paper States of Freely Associating Citizens? 

Thomas W. G. Van der Meer, Radboud University, Nijmegen 

Peer Scheepers, Radboud University, Nijmegen 

Manfred te Grotenhuis, Radboud University, Nijmegen 

Overview: Although in theoretical accounts the state is recurrently 

brought up as a crucial determinant of civic participation, 

empirical research is scarce and inconclusive. We aim to fill this 

empirical gap by taking up a new institutionalist approach. 

Paper Not Just Being A Winner: Competition and Satisfaction with 

Democracy 

Jennifer R. Wilking, University of California, Davis 

Overview: This paper explores the effects of outcomes and 

processes on citizens' satisfaction with democracy. Employing the 

Comparative Study of Electoral Systems dataset, I find that 

'winning' and competition affect satisfaction with democracy. 

Paper A Cross-National Exploration of Two Dimensions of 

Democratic Citizenship 


Kate Schuenke, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: In this paper we use data from the 2000-2001 wave of 

the World Values Survey to create two democratic quality scales 

based on two dimensions of democratic citizenship, expressive 

participation and tolerance, which are grounded in democratic 

theory. 

Disc. Meredith Rolfe, Nuffield College, University of Oxford 

8-7 INTEREST GROUPS AND CLIENTELISM IN 

LATIN AMERICA 


Chair J. Salvador Peralta, University of West Georgia 

Paper The Impact of Caudillismo on Institutional Development in 

Mexico 

Julie A. VanDusky, SUNY, Binghamton 

Overview: This paper will develop a formal model to explain the 

developme nt of caudillismo in New Spain and its impact on the 

development of post-colonial political institutions in Mexico. 

Paper As Parties Compete for Votes (By Buying Them): Gifts and 

Votes in Mexico 

Salvador Vazquez del Mercado, Northwestern University 

Overview: This paper provides evidence that political parties in 

Mexico during the presidential 2000 elections made efficient use 

of particularistic benefits (gifts) to buy votes, specifically PAN 

managed to demobilize PRI’s voters. 

Paper Incentives and Tradeoffs for Politicians in the Policy Setting 

Process 

Ricardo H. Cavazos-Cepeda, University of California, Berkeley 

Gordon Rausser, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: Modeling the policy setting process has evolved 

considerably. We present a three stage bargaining model general 

enough to allow for aggregate welfare maximization as well as 

office seeking or partisan politicians. 

Paper Interests and Interest Groups and the Consolidation 

Clive S. Thomas, University of Alaska, Juneau 

Overview: Is a viable interest group and interest system essential 

to the consolidation of Latin American democracy? In answer, 

this paper presents a framework for understanding the 

development, current role, and future developments of interest 

groups in the region. 

Disc. Alejandro Poire, Harvard University 

Page | 145

9-5 FOREIGN POLICY IN THE PACIFIC REGION - 

ISSUE AREAS 


Chair Timothy J. Haas, San Francisco State University 

Paper Japan in Asia 

Timothy J. Haas, San Francisco State University 

Overview: Japan faces many new opportunities and challenges in 

the 21st century, and if properly equipped, may take advantage of 

its situation in order to emerge as a bastion of security and 

economic stability in the region. 

Paper Japan-Taiwan Relations: Unofficial in Name Only 

Jing Sun, University of Denver 

Overview: This article examines how diplomatic maneuvering at 

the elite level and mutual penetration of popular cultures at the 

mass level have jointly strengthened Japan-Taiwan relations to a 

status that can termed as "unofficial in name only." 

Paper Will The Future Taiwan Strait War Impede China’s 

Development? 

Jing Nie, University of Toledo 

Overview: Taiwan might be the only place which can trigger 

military confrontations between two major powers. Any 

miscalculation among China, U.S. and Taiwan will lead to 

conflict. This paper is a careful calculation of Beijing’s cost and 

benefit. 

Disc. Timothy J. Haas, San Francisco State University 

13-12 PRE-POST-COMMUNISM? 


Chair Michele L. Crumley, Mercyhurst College 

Paper Beyond Elections: Leadership and Mass-Elite Linkages in 

Rural China 

Wei Shan, Texas A&M University 

Overview: Based on the literature of mass-elite linkage and 

political leadership, this paper attempts to address the role of 

leadership relation as an informal interpersonal influence process 

in shaping citizen-elite agreement on policy issues. 

Paper Cuba's Revolutionary Reform 

Jennifer W. Howk, Harvard University 

Overview: This paper presents a general framework for 

understanding authoritarian legitimacy and regime change in weak 

Leninist states by examining ideological and institutional 

innovation in post-Soviet Cuba. 

Paper Ossification and Renewal in the Cuban Political Elite 

Salomon Berman, Georgetown University 

Overview: This paper explores the generational transition in the 

Cuban political elite. While it is impossible to predict whether 

regime change is to occur in a post-Castro Cuba, it will not occur 

because of an elite failure to rejuvenate. 

Paper The Rentier Thesis in Central Asia: The Importance of 

Development Strategy 

Pascael Barclay, Emory University 

Overview: The rentier literature says little about how resource 

wealth translates into authoritarianism. This paper contributes to 

the literature by examining how the intervening variable of 

development strategy affects this relationship in Central Asia. 

Paper Democratic Habits through Non-Democratic Means 

Svitlana Chernykh, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Overview: This paper argues that non-competitive Soviet elections 

had the power to socialize the citizenry into democratic practices 

such as voting. The findings show that turnout patterns in post- 

Soviet republics resemble established democracies. 

Disc. Wei Shan, Texas A&M University 

Khalil Dokhanchi, University of Wisconsin, Superior 

14-14 TRADE LIBERALIZATION AND PROTECTION 


Chair Alexandra Guisinger, University of Notre Dame 

Paper Currency Unions and the Demand for Protection 

Lena Schaffer, ETH, Zurich 

Overview: We theoretically develop and empirically test the 

argument that currency unions can entail increased levels of 

protection as import-competing producers lobby for artificial 

barriers to trade to replace natural protection via currency risk. 

Page | 146 

Paper Trade Liberalization in Developing Countries 

Su-Hyun Lee, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 

Overview: This paper analyzes the effects of political institutions 

on trade liberalization of developing countries. While democracies 

tend to lower trade barriers than autocracies, the effects of regime 

types depend on the number of institutional veto points. 

Paper The Fear of Litigation During Negotiations Over WTO 

Disputes 

Xiaowen Zhang, University of Southern California 

Overview: This paper aims to enrich our understanding about 

what factors influence countries' decisions about the timing of 

settling WTO trade disputes. 

Paper Trade Policy Index and Governance Variables—Crosscountry 

Analysis 

Joel L. Raveloharimisy, Western Michigan University 

Overview: The purpose of this paper is to present a model that 

explains the relationship between governance effectiveness and 

trade policy. I hypothesize that higher quality governance should 

lead to less protectionism. 

Paper From NAFTA to China? Production Shifts and the Future of 

Regionalization 

Sara Jane McCaffrey, Massachusetts Institute of Technolgy 

Marcos Ancelovici, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 

Overview: Contrary to predictions of three important trading 

blocks in an increasingly regionalized world, a major shift of 

production from NAFTA to Asia since 2000 suggests that the 

presumed political and economic clout of regions may be inflated. 

Disc. Daniel Y. Kono, University of California, Davis 

14-16 IMF POLITICS 

Room Parlor H, 6 th Floor, Fri at 9:50 am 

Chair Jonathan R. Strand, University of Nevada, Las Vegas 

Paper Structural Adjustment and Its Impact on Economic Human 

Rights, 1981-2003 

Mohammed R. Abouharb, Louisiana State University 

David L. Cingranelli, Binghamton University 

Overview: World Bank and International Monetary Fund 

structural adjustment policies promote rapid neo-liberal economic 

liberalization as a tool for development. They negatively impact 

respect for economic and social rights in developing countries 

between 1981-2004 

Paper Does Adjustment Lending Work? Policy Reforms in the Wake 

of Program Lending 

Daniel L. Nielson, Brigham Young University 

Joshua D. Loud, Brigham Young University 

Overview: Employing the Project-Level Aid (PLAID) dataset, this 

paper tests the effects of adjustment programs from multi- and 

bilateral sources on trade liberalization, stabilization, and budget 

deficits. 

Paper Explaining Multilateral Debt Forgiveness 

Michael D. Schmidt, American University 

Overview: This paper constructs a model to account for the 

creation and development of the Highly Indebted Poor Countries 

initiative, a program managed by the World Bank and IMF that 

bargains governmental reforms for rescheduling and forgiveness 

of debt. 

Paper Developing Capacity: The Impact of IMF Lending on State 

Capacity 

Christine L. Harper, University of North Texas 

Overview: The paper examines whether administrative capacity in 

borrowing countries benefits from the governance-related 

conditionality reforms mandated by the IMF since 1996, and 

whether administrative capacity influences IMF lending patterns. 

Disc. Mark Copelovitch, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

15-6 ALLIANCES AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 

THEORY 


Chair Sarah E. Croco, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 

Paper Alliances amongst Terrorist Groups 

Kanisha D. Bond, Pennsylvania State University 

Overview: Identifies conditions under which terrorist groups form 

security alliances, using two game-theoretic models of

cooperation. Various hypotheses are tested using data from PRIO 

and original coding of terrorist group alliances. 

Paper Alliances and Colonial History: An Extension of Dependency 

Theory 

Nawojka K. Lesinski, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Overview: Alliance literature tends to overlook the pervasive 

effects of colonialism on state relations. I wish to build on existing 

research by extending the theory of dependency to explain dyadic 

alliance choices, for those states with a colonial past. 

Paper Making Friends in Latin America: Acceptance and Rejection 

of American Power in Brazil, Colombia, and Venezuela 

Mark E. Schaefer, Marietta College 

John G. Poffenbarger, Wheeling Jesuit University 

Overview: We contend that preponderant powers need policies 

that seek to encourage acceptance of their asymmetrical power in 

the international system. Using the United States as the current 

preponderant state, we will study Brazil, Colombia , and 

Venezuala. 

Disc. Sarah E. Croco, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 

16-8 RHETORIC, RELIGION, AND WAR 


Chair Christopher D. Van Aller, Winthrop University 

Paper Defining Unacceptable: The U.S., Israel, and the Iranian 

Nuclear Crisis 

Andrew C. Richter, University of Windsor 

Overview: With the crisis over Iran's suspected nuclear weapons 

program building, the possibility of pre-emptive military action 

grows. This paper will examine U.S. and Israeli attitudes towards 

Iran's program, and the military options available to both states. 

Paper Does Religion Matter? The Impact of Religious Belief on 

Warfare 

Michael Horowitz, Harvard University 

Overview: This paper quantitatively examines the impact of 

religious belief on warfare, testing whether or not strong religious 

beliefs really influence the initiation, conduct, and termination of 

wars. 

Paper Of Roguery: How the United States’ Rhetoric Influences 

North Korea 

Virginie Grzelczyk, Lafayette College 

Overview: This paper looks at whether or not the United States’ 

usage of the term rogue state, axis of evil, tyrant as well as more 

positive attributes have triggered specific behaviors in North 

Korea since Kim Jong Il’s accession to power in 1994. 

Disc. Min-hyung Kim, University of Washington, Seattle 

17-7 THEORIES OF INTERNATIONAL CONFLICT 


Chair Marc Kilgour, Wilfrid Laurier University 

Paper Stabilizing Power Sharing 

Steven J. Brams, New York University 

D. Marc Kilgour, Wilfrid Laurier University 

Overview: Power-sharing is modeled as a duel between two 

parties, each of which may attempt to eliminate the other. 

Conditions under which power-sharing is an equilibrium outcome 

include sharing power equally and being able to anticipate an 

attack. 

Paper Playing to Win: Explaining Initial Levels of Military Force 

Brooke M. Rogers, Charleston Southern University 

Overview: This paper examines the idea that when determining to 

initiate a militarized dispute, states are using foreign policy 

substitution rather than escalation given that the initial levels of 

military force are generally the highest used in the dispute. 

Paper Uncertainty and War: Distribution of Power vs. Distribution 

of Goods 

Jonathan E. Berohn, University of Colorado 

Randall Blimes, University of Colorado 

Overview: One of the few things that international relations 

scholars can agree on is that the distribution of power between 

adversaries affects those nations’ decisions to go to war. 

Paper Victory Without Peace: Conquest, Insurgency, and War 

Termination 

Alex Weisiger, Columbia University 

Overview: I explore the conquest/settlement distinction that arises 

from the bargaining model of war from both theoretical and 

empirical perspectives. 

Disc. Stephen Long, Kansas State University 

17-19 GENOCIDE AND HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES (Cosponsored 

with Ethnicity and Nationalism, see 20-8) 


Chair Bethany A. Lacina, Stanford University 

Paper A Hybrid-Structuralist Theory of Genocide 

Ernesto Verdeja, Wesleyan University 

Overview: This paper presents a hybrid-structuralist theory of 

genocide. I outline six key factors for genocide to occur, and draw 

on Armenia, Germany, Cambodia, Rwanda and Bosnia as 

illustrations. 

Paper Terrorism and Human Rights Abuse 

Denese McArthur, Binghamton University 

Overview: Using decision making model based on rational choice 

theory, this paper analyzes the impact of terrorist activities on the 

abuse of human rights, and includes an examination of the degree 

to which the relationship may be reciprocal. 

Paper Party Systems, Intra-Party Organization, and the Rise of 

Ethnic Extremist Groups 

Florence G. So, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: Using a formal model, this paper explains how ethnic 

extremist groups arise by showing the following: conditioned on 

the ability to meet the resource requirement to do so, in regimes 

where the probabilities of forming competitive parties and 

advancing within a party are low, excluded politicians have 

incentives to form ethnic extremist groups so as to remain 

politically viable. 

Disc. Mary Frances R. Lebamoff, Loyola University, Chicago 

19-5 PRINCIPAL-AGENT PROBLEMS 


Chair Susan D. Hyde, Yale University 

Paper Guilt by Association? Anti-Americanism and Distrust for 

IGOs 

Tana Johnson, University of Chicago 

Overview: Using large-N statistical methods and newly released 

data, I find that unfavorable assessments of U.S. influence are 

robust predictors of distrust toward the UN, WTO, IMF, and 

World Bank. This link is troubling amidst prevalent anti- 

Americanism. 

Paper Stop Blaming the Agent: How State Principals Undermine 

International Organizations 

Alexander Thompson, Ohio State University 

Overview: While principal-agent theory helps us understand state 

delegation to international organizations, most models 

overemphasize problems on the agent side of the equation. In IR, 

it is more often state principals who undermine the delegation 

contract. 

Paper Judicial Bias, Authority, and the International Court of 

Justice 

Leslie Johns, New York University 

Overview: I construct a formal model that examines the effect of 

judicial bias on the willingness of states to (1) submit disputes to 

the International Court of Justice (ICJ) and (2) comply with the 

court's decisions. 

Paper The Impartiality of International Judges: Evidence from the 

European Court of Human Rights 

Erik Voeten, George Washington University 

Overview: This paper tests the observable implications of 

alternative theoretical threats to judicial impartiality using a new 

dataset on judicial dissents in the European Court of Human 

Rights. 

Disc. Nicole M. Simonelli, Duke University 

Susan D. Hyde, Yale University 

Page | 147

20-4 REASSESSING THE PROGRESS OF 

NATIONALISM: A SECOND LOOK AT ETHNIC 

IDENTITIES 


Chair Danielle E. Resnick, Cornell University 

Paper Examining State Failure in Chile: The Ethnic Dilemma in the 

Mapuche Community 

Gabriela Hoberman, Florida International University 

Overview: This paper examines the impact of ethnic demands on 

civil society and political institutions in Chile. It offers evidence 

that processes of exclusion have been carried out by the state, 

negatively affecting fair citizenship. 

Paper Democratization and the Language of Nationalism 

Takehiko Kojima, Florida International University 

Overview: The paper examines the role of language in the genesis 

of democracy. Building on Habermas’ theory of communicative 

action, I will argue that the language of nationalism has been a 

constitutive part of the modern constitutional democratic state. 

Paper In Pursuit of Democracy: And the Dream of a Nation-State 

Michelle Munroe, Florida International University 

Overview: By carrying out a case study on nation building in 

Jamaica after its independence in 1962, this paper claims that 

ethnic ties have played a vital role in undermining the attempts of 

the state to successfully create a homogenous national identity. 

Paper Can Nationalism Benefit Democratization: Cases of Estonia 

and Ukraine 

Lena M. Surzhko-Harned, University of Pittsburgh 

Overview: This study seeks to show that blanket statements about 

nationalism’s impact on democratization are impossible. 

Examining the transitions in Estonia and Ukraine it argues that 

under the right conditions nationalism can benefit 

democratization. 

Paper The Ethnic Markers of Sámi Identity: Identifying What 

Constitutes the Identity of the Sámi People in Sweden 

Luca Zini, Florida International University 

Overview: For centuries, the Sámis have been subjected to either 

forced or “natural” assimilation, adapting into state languages and 

religions while being subjected to structural or systemic forms 

discrimination. This essay will attempt to explore the ethnic 

marker 

Disc. Stephen Bloom, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale 

21-2 EMOTION AND VOTER BEHAVIOR 

Room Parlor B, 6 th Floor, Fri at 9:50 am 

Chair Ted Brader, University of Michigan 

Paper Invoking Fear: How Does the Politics of Fear Influence Voter 

Behavior? 

Kyle Mattes, California Institute of Technology 


Overview: We study the effects of emotion, particularly fear, on 

vote choice in the 2004 Presidential election. Did fear of one or 

both candidates inhibit economic retrospective voting? 

Paper Remember the Feeling: How Affect Structures Voters’ 

Memories 

Andrew J. W. Civettini, University of Iowa 

David P. Redlawsk, University of Iowa 

Overview: We examine the role of affect on memory about 

candidates. We find subjects are more likely to remember 

information for which they experienced affect and that anxiety 

does little to increase the likelihood that an individual item is 

remembered. 

Paper Who Pushes Whom Around? A Study of Affective Versus 

Semantic Priming 

Dan Cassino, Fairleigh Dickinson University 

Overview: An experiment in a survey of registered voters in New 

Jersey was used to test the interaction of semantic and affective 

priming. Results indicate that very strong affective reactions to the 

prime can lead to outcomes opposite those normally expected. 

Page | 148 

Paper Discriminating Emotions: The Differential Effects of Discrete 

Emotions 

Brad Verhulst, Stony Brook University 


Milton Lodge, Stony Brook University 

Nancy Squires, Stony Brook University 

Antonio Freitas, Stony Brook University 

Overview: Political Scientists are interested in studying the effect 

that emotions have on political behaviors, however discriminating 

between the effects of specific emotions has lagged behind the 

discrimination of the valence (positive/negative) of emotions. 

Disc. Jennifer Wolak, University of Colorado 

22-5 ELECTIONS AND WAR 


Chair Scott Althaus, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Paper Wartime Presidents: Battle Casualties and Popular Support 

Helmut Norpoth, Stony Brook University 

Andrew H. Sidman, Stony Brook University 

Overview: We examine presidential approval in wartime with 

models that condition the effect of casualties on public 

assessments of the war. 

Paper War, Terrorism, and Trust: The Effects of National Issues on 

Voting Behavior in the 2006 Midterm Elections 

Gary C. Jacobson, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: Analysis of a segment of the Cooperative 

Congressional Election Study devoted to investigating the effects 

of attitudes toward George Bush, the Iraq War, and the terrorism 

issue on voting behavior in 2006. 

Paper Elections During World War II 

Adam Berinsky, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 

Overview: This paper examines the unusual nature of elections 

during wartime, focusing on World War II. 

Paper Breaking Bonds? Issue Ownership of National Defense and 

the Iraq War 

Hannah Goble, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Peter M. Holm, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: This paper builds off the theory of issue ownership to 

examine if and how the traditional Republican edge in national 

defense has been diminished by public opinion on the Iraq War 

and the impact of opinion on vote choice and presidential 

approval. 

Disc. Scott Althaus, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

23-5 CAMPAIGN TALK 


Chair Joseph Giammo, University of Arkansas, Little Rock 

Paper Incumbency in Political Campaign Discourse 

William L. Benoit, University of Missouri 

Overview: Compares incumbents and challengers in presidential 

and non-presidential campaign messages on (1) positive versus 

negative statements, (2) retrospective positive versus negative 

statements and (3) policy versus character. 

Paper The Partisan Content of Candidate Messages 

Thomas M. Holbrook, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 

Scott McClurg, Southern Illinois University 

Overview: One of the hottest debates in contemporary politics 

focuses on the so-called culture war. While political scientists 

have found strong evidence of partisan polarization at the elite 

level, the evidence suggests that the public is not similarly 

divided. 

Paper The Use of Religious Cues in Political Campaign Advertising 

Morgen S. Johansen, Texas A&M University 

Overview: This study focuses on the use of religious cues in 

political campaign ads and the effect these cues have on electoral 

outcomes.

Paper Gender Bending: Strategies in Candidate Direct Mail 

Monica C. Schneider, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities 

Overview: Under what conditions do male and female candidates 

use rhetoric that is consistent or inconsistent with gender 

stereotypes? I examine candidate use of gender-based strategies 

using a unique set of data: direct mail pieces from House and 

Senate candidates. 

Disc. Joseph Giammo, University of Arkansas, Little Rock 

24-5 ELECTORAL SYSTEMS AND POLICY 


Chair Matthew Wall, Trinity College, Dublin 

Paper Much Ado About Nothing: Congruence, Choice, and Two 

Visions of Democracy 

Matthew R. Golder, Florida State University 

Jacek Stramski, Florida State University 

Overview: When are the policies of a government likely to be 

congruent with the preferences of its people? When are voters 

likely to have a meaningful choice at election time? 

Paper Expressive Motives, Third-Party Candidates, and Voter 

Welfare 

Indridi H. Indridason, University of Iceland 

Overview: We consider a model of electoral competition where a 

subset of voters cast expressive or sincere votes. We characterize 

the equilibria of the game showing that, given certain conditions, 

third party candidates leave their constituency worse off. 

Paper Heterogeneity and Representation Reconsidered 

Benjamin G. Bishin, University of California, Riverside 

Overview: Research holds legislators from diverse constituencies 

are less responsive to citizens and more responsive to party and 

other influences. Once subconstituencies are considered, the 

differences observed according to state diversity disappear. 

Paper Intraparty Institutions and Representation 

Georgia C. Kernell, Columbia University 

Overview: This paper examines how intraparty institutions shape 

representation of voters, partisans and activists. 

Disc. Matthew Wall, Trinity College, Dublin 

25-8 PUBLIC OPINION, FOREIGN POLICY, AND THE 

IRAQ WAR 


Chair William J. Josiger, Georgetown University 

Paper Media Coverage of Casualties and American Perceptions of 

Casualties in Iraq 

Michael Cobb, North Carolina State University 

Overview: This study collects and analyzes news coverage of war 

casualties in Iraq since the invasion to the present, and compares 

media coverage to actual casualty rates and Americans' estimates 

of cumulative casualties. 

Paper Impact of Presidential Religious Rhetoric on Public Opinion 

of the Iraq War 

Shannon M. Scotece, SUNY, Albany 

Overview: This paper will examine whether religious rhetoric has 

been used effectively by President Bush to influence religious 

citizens' public opinion on the Iraq War. 

Paper Foreign Trade Policy and Public Opinion, 1978-2004 

Julia Rabinovich, Northwestern University 

Overview: This paper examines government officials’ 

responsiveness to the public’s foreign policy preferences using 

data from the 1978-2004 quadrennial elite and public opinion 

surveys sponsored by the Chicago Council on Foreign Relations 

(CCFR). 

Paper U.S. Foreign Policy and Multilateralism: A Comparison of 

American Leaders and Mass Opinion 

Gregory G. Holyk, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Overview: The general public has been quite supportive of 

multilateralism while policy leaders have not. This study analyses 

a core group of questions relating to multilateralism and overall 

values in 10 CCFR polls (1974 to 2006) to explain this disconnect. 

Paper The American Public’s Ambivalent Attitude in Foreign Policy 

Young Hwan Park, University of Alabama 

Overview: Under incomplete information and confined cognitive 

resources, individuals tend to use theory-driven information 

processing in forming political judgements across a range of 

policy domains. 

Disc. Richard Sobel, Harvard Medical School 

25-301 POSTER SESSION: PUBLIC OPINION 

Room Exhibit Hall, 4 th Floor, Fri at 9:50 am 

Presenter 2008 and Beyond: Unraveling the Dean Vote in the 2004 

Democratic Presidential Primaries 

(Board 1) 

Gabriella Paar-Jakli, Kent State University 

Caroline Tolbert, University of Iowa 

Overview: 2008 and Beyond: Unraveling the Dean Vote in the 

2004 Democratic Presidential Primaries 

Presenter Muslim American Politics in the Post-9/11 Era 

(Board 2) 

Geoffrey Peterson, University of Wisconsin, Eau Claire 

David Jacobs, University of Wisconsin, Eau Claire 

Overview: Using recent national survey data, this paper seeks to 

examine how Muslim-Americans think and act politically since 

the attacks on the World Trade Center in 2001. 

Presenter An Attitudinal Explanation of the Increasing Use of Initiatives 

(Board 3) 

Hoi-ok Jeong, University of Iowa 

Overview: My paper explains what causes the increasing use of 

initiative process. I argue that the increase in direct democracy 

results largely from two basic attitudinal trends: the weakening of 

political efficacy and the declining trust in government. 

Presenter African American Affect Towards Chisholm in the 1972 

Presidential Election 

(Board 4) 

Christopher J. Clark, University of Iowa 

Overview: I aim to explore who better explains affect of African 

Americans toward Shirley Chisholm: Chisholm or scholars. This 

paper is important because it may provide proof that candidates 

better understand their bases of support than scholars think. 

Presenter The Responsive Electorate 

(Board 5) 

Peter K. Enns, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Overview: I construct a theory of message reception that predicts 

the most and least informed segments of society update their 

attitudes in response to elite discourse. Analysis of attitudes 

toward welfare, defense, and policy mood support this hypothesis. 

Presenter Protecting the Flag: Public Opinion on a Constitutional 

Amendment to Prohibit Flag Burning from 1989 to 2006 

(Board 6) 

Peter C. Hanson, University of California, Berkeley 

Iris Hui, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: The paper examines changes in the nature of public 

opinion on a constitutional amendment to prohibit flag burning. 

The roles played by variables such as patriotism, support for 

limited government, partisanship, education, love of the flag and 

ideology. 

26-6 POLITICAL COMMUNICATION AND POLITICAL 

PARTICIPATION 


Chair Jan E. Leighley, University of Arizona 

Paper Information and Voter Turnout 

Tetsuya Matsubayashi, Texas A&M University 

Overview: This project will reconsider the role of information as a 

determinant of voter turnout. I will extend Downs' model by 

focusing on the concept of opinion ambivalence and test a 

hypothesis that citizens are less likely to go to the polls as 

additional information becomes available. 

Paper Political Expertise, Shared Biases, and Patterns of Political 

Communication 

T. K. Ahn, Florida State University 

Robert Huckfeldt, University of California, Davis 

John B. Ryan, University of California, Davis 

Overview: One way to minimize political information costs is to 

obtain guidance from other individuals, and the primary purpose 

of this paper is to evaluate the relative importance of expertise and 

shared biases in the resulting patterns of communication. 

Page | 149

Paper Frequent Political Discussion and its Consequences 

Frank C. S. Liu, National Sun Yat-Sen University 

Overview: This article extends communication network research 

to exploring circumstances under which the frequency of 

interaction affects voters' democratic orientations. 

Paper Dividing Lines: Political Boundaries and the Quality of Local 

Public Deliberation 

Christopher F. Karpowitz, Brigham Young University 

Overview: This paper explores how our collective choices about 

local political boundaries affect the quality of deliberation at local 

public meetings. 

Disc. Jan E. Leighley, University of Arizona 

Anand E. Sokhey, Ohio State University 

27-7 MEDIA BIAS 

Room Parlor F, 6 th Floor, Fri at 9:50 am 

Chair Sarah Whalen 

Paper William Randolph Hearst: The Rupert Murdoch of 1896 

William T. Horner, University of Missouri, Columbia 

Overview: An examination of Hearst's advocacy for Bryan in the 

1896 and 1900 campaigns reminds us that Rupert Murdoch isn't a 

sign of what's wrong with American journalism but is an example 

of our long entanglement between politics and the "news." 

Paper Media Bias (Reexamined) 

John T. Gasper, Carnegie Mellon University 

Overview: We provide a replication of Groseclose and Milyo's 

Media Bias results using alternative ideological measures (ACU 

and Nominate). We also examine how robust the estimated results 

are to different periods of time. 

Paper Whose Life is it Anyway? Religion and Politics in Media 

Coverage of 'End of Life' Controversies 

Ken Miller, Arizona State University 

David Niven, CM Media 

Overview: Addressing the oft-heard complaint that the media are 

hostile to religious perspectives in politics, we investigate which 

voices (secular versus religious) are heard on end of life issues and 

whether media coverage reflects the political debate. 

Paper What Drives Media Slant? Evidence from U.S. Newspapers 

Matthew A. Gentzkow, University of Chicago 

Jesse M. Shapiro, University of Chicago 

Overview: We construct a new index of media slant and use this 

measure to assess the relative importance of consumer and owner 

characteristics in determining the political slant of U.S. 

newspapers. 

Disc. Johanna Dunaway, Sam Houston State University 

Danny Hayes, Syracuse University 

28-301 POSTER SESSION: GENDER AND POLITICS 


Presenter Woman and Indonesian Politics: Effect of Modernization to 


(Board 7) 

Arnita Sitasari, West Virginia University 

Overview: The likelihood of women being elected to the House of 

Representatives in Indonesia is affected by the regions level of 

modernization. The higher the level of modernization the more 

favorable is the public opinion about women representatives. 

Presenter Assessing the Deliberative Power of Women: Uptake, 

Influence, and Beyond 

(Board 8) 

Ashleigh S. Powers, Millsaps College 

Overview: This paper assesses the deliberative power of women 

by comparing the uptake and influence of men and women who 

participate in a deliberation experiment. The issue topic and 

instructions for deliberation are manipulated. 

Presenter Womanist Identification, Political Activism, and the Hip Hop 

Generation 

(Board 9) 

Pamela Y. Cook, Luther College 

Overview: In this paper, I investigate whether black women of the 

hip-hop generation possess a womanist consciousness and whether 

there is a relationship between their womanist consciousness and 

their political activism. 

Page | 150 

Presenter Disfranchised Women: Political Agendas, Families, and 

Gender 

(Board 10) 

Bonnie G. Mani, East Carolina University 

Overview: An analysis of effects of families and gender on 16 

American women's political activities in the 17th through 21st 

centuries. Fourteen women were active before 1920 and two– 

Elizabeth Dole and Hillary Rodham Clinton–are contemporaries. 

Presenter Chinese Feminists and The Politics of Translation 

(Board 11) 

Kim Dorazio, University of Michigan 

Overview: This project, based on ten in-depth interviews with 

Chinese feminist activists, seeks to examine how translation 

becomes political when producing and analyzing source 

materials. 

29-6 LEGACIES OF RACISM 


Chair Jesse P. Mendez, Oklahoma State University 

Paper The Politics of Remembrance: Four Communities Confront 

Their Racist Pasts 

Earl Sheridan, University of North Carolina, Wilmington 

Overview: Why and how do communities choose to commemorate 

uncomfortable racist incidents in their pasts? A comparison of 

four communities and their attempt to grapple with their racist 

pasts. 

Paper Americanization and the De-Americanization of Racialized 

Ethnic Groups in the United States 

Sherrow O. Pinder, California State University 

Overview: In America, there is an attempt to forge a single 

American identity which provides scripts of the “proper" way of 

being an American, and the right of passage into normative 

“Americanness.” 

Paper Military Service and Insurgency during the Urban Crisis 

Christopher S. Parker, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: Many recognize the contribution of black veterans to 

the insugent campaigns in the South. This paper explores their 

impact on insurgency in the North. 

Disc. Jesse P. Mendez, Oklahoma State University 

29-20 RACIAL POLITICS: FOUNDATIONS 


Chair Susan L. Gaffney, Governors State University 

Paper Finding Black Power in Postcolonial Africa 

Robin J. Hayes, Northwestern University 

Overview: This paper draws from archival and interview data to 

examine how direct encounters between activists in newly 

decolonized African nations facilitated transnational exchanges 

between African liberation movements and black power 


Paper Concentrated Disenfranchisement: How Crime Policies 

Diminish Civic Capacity 

Traci R. Burch, Harvard University 

Overview: This paper measures levels of concentrated 

disenfranchisement (the number of people with convictions that 

come from a particular racial group or community) and examines 

whether concentration diminishes the civic capacity and influence 

of communities. 

Paper The Psychological Implications of the Political Construction of 

Race 

Monique L. Lyle, Duke University 

Overview: This paper examines the role that American political 

institutions and elites play in the creation and transmission of the 

ideological norms associated with racial dominance and inequality 

and how these contribute to a race-based system justification. 

Paper Tyranny of the Majority? Counting Winners and Losers in 

American Democracy 

Zoltan Hajnal, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: Is there tyranny of the majority in American 

democracy? I answer this question by counting up how often 

voters of different racial and ethnic groups ended up voting for the 

candidate who eventually wins across the range of elections in 

American democracy

Disc. Susan L. Gaffney, Governors State University 

Rich Braunstein, University of South Dakota 

32-5 RAWLS AND HIS LEGACY 


Chair Frank Lovett, Washington University, St. Louis 

Paper Rawls's Theory of Justice, The Aristotelian Principle, and the 

Contingent Nature of Politics 

Sezgin S. Cebi, Rockefeller University, Albany 

Overview: In this paper I argue that Rawls' rather inadequate 

understanding of the contingent nature of politics renders the 

Aristotelian Principle Rawls vehemently subscribe to for his ideal 

politics something unrealizable. 

Paper Rawls and Rousseau’s Political Projects: Two Sides of the 

Same Coin? 


Indianapolis 

Overview: This paper discusses strong parallels in Rawls’s 

Political Liberalism and Rousseau’s On the Social Contract. Five 

key features of political liberalism are identified. Equivalent 

concepts are then identified in Rousseau’s political project. 

Paper A Return to Public Reason 

Michael Ravvin, Columbia University 

Overview: Current political trends demand a renewed 

consideration of the idea of public reason. This paper will evaluate 

the Rawlsian conception of public reason in light of prominent 

criticisms and propose some necessary modifications. 

Paper (Re)Discovering the Foundations of Liberalism in the 

Rawlsian Ommission 

Stephen A. Seagrave, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: In Liberalism and the Limits of Justice, Sandel 

attempts to use a critique of Rawls’ Theory of Justice as a means 

of undermining deontological liberalism itself. Rawls’ 

deficiencies, however, in fact contain the seeds of liberalism’s 

salvation. 

Paper Reconsidering Rawls's Self-Respect Argument for the Priority 

of Liberty 

James R. Zink, University of California, Davis 

Overview: In contrast with critics who reduce Rawlsian selfrespect 

to socioeconomic status, I show how Rawls’s special 

conception of self-respect cannot be satisfied by equalizing status. 

This reading strengthens the justification for the priority of liberty. 

Disc. Michael T. Rogers, Lindsey Wilson College 

33-14 THE POLITICS OF THE AESTHETIC: ART, 

GRAPHICS, FASHION, AND POETRY 


Chair Michaele Ferguson, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Paper Liberal Art: Künst and Citizenship in Kant’s Third Critique 

Christian R. Donath, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: While most political theory focuses on the role of 

reflective judgment in Kant’s Third Critique, the political 

dimensions of art itself have been overlooked. I argue that an 

examination of this relationship helps us better understand Kant’s 

politics. 

Paper Inquiry Into Democracy: Visualizing the Public 

James Johnson, University of Rochester 

Overview: The paper suggests how recent thinking about visual 

displays of numerical information can enter into the construction 

of democratic publics. 

Paper Black Fashion as a Political Form 

Joshua I. Miller, Lafayette College 

Overview: An exploration of appearance and politics as it has 

been manifested in the African-American experience since World 

War II. I will address the question: is appearance political, and if 

so, how? 

Paper Poetry and a Politics of Vulnerability 

Larry M. Preston, Union Institute & University 

Overview: The paper suggests that the vulnerability which is 

central to a poetic sensibility and to writing poetry provides 

important insights into the study of politics in this time of 

sustained social and political vulnerability. 

Disc. Michaele Ferguson, University of Colorado, Boulder 

33-29 CONSTITUTIONS AND INSTITUTIONS 


Chair Mary Liston, University of Toronto 

Paper The Promise of Constitutional Binding: Democratic Bulwark 

or Tautology? 

Alexander S. Kirshner, Yale University 

Overview: This essay accounts for why entrenching a rule in the 

constitution actually makes that rule more likely to bind political 

actors. Using this account, the essay re-examines the legitimacy 

of constitutional precommitment. 

Paper When Constitutions Work and Last? The Constituent Power 

Revisited 

Andrea Pozas-Loyo, New York University 

Overview: I propose a typology of the constituent power that aims 

to capture constitutionalism’s dynamic and legal/political nature, 

in order to create analytic categories for comparative research on 

constitutional efficacy and stability. 

Paper Reasons, Obligations, Institutions 

Ricardo Vudoyra, Washington University, St. Louis 

Overview: If legal systems are institutions, what role do rights, 

obligations, and duties play in their establishment, change, and 

maintenance? The advantages of an institutional interpretation of 

rights and obligations are shown. 

Disc. Mary Liston, University of Toronto 

34-3 COLLECTIVE CHOICE 


Chair Andreas K. Warntjen, London School of Economics 

Paper Choosing Agenda Procedures: When to Tie Your Own Hands 


Overview: We compare a few simple alternative agenda forms. 

Depending on uncertainty and the degree of partisan voting, we 

find groups may wish to adopt an extreme form of collective 

decision-making, namely to preclude an option from even being 

voted on. 

Paper The Probability of Sen's Liberal Paradox 

Keith L. Dougherty, University of Georgia 

Julian Edward, Florida International University 

Overview: This paper determines the probability of a conflict 

between acyclicity, weak Pareto, and minimal liberalism in a 

relatively unrestricted domain, using probability experiments on a 

two dimensional spatial voting model. 

Paper The Structure of Heresthetical Power 

Elizabeth M. Penn, Harvard University 


Overview: Using the Banks set, we present and characterize 

alternatives that can, and those that cannot, affect sophisticated 

collective decision making. 

Paper The "Minimum-Sum Point" as a Solution Concept in Spatial 

Voting 

Tse-min Lin, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: This paper explores the geometric and behavioral 

properties of the minimum-sum point as a solution concept in 

spatial voting. 

Paper Some Simple Arithmetic on Pivotal Voting 

Howard Margolis, University of Chicago 

Overview: In the “Minimum game” players robustly coordinate on 

their worst payoff. This has always been attributed to strategic 

uncertainty. But attention to details of the many results argues 

strongly against that. I propose an entirely different account. 

Disc. Matias Iaryczower, California Institute of Technology 

35-6 LATENT SPACE MODELS 


Chair Adam Glynn, Harvard University 

Paper Proxmire and the Golden Fleece: Searching for Maverick 

Legislators in Spatial Voting Errors 

Benjamin E. Lauderdale, Princeton University 

Overview: I derive a Bayesian estimation procedure for recovering 

the width of individuals’ response error distributions from roll-call 

data, allowing quantitative measurement of which members of the 

U.S. Congress are mavericks. 

Page | 151

Paper Small Chamber Ideal Point Estimation 

Michael Peress, University of Rochester 

Overview: We develop an estimator for the quadratic-normal ideal 

point model which does not suffer from the incidental parameters 

problem, and hence can be used to estimate ideal points in small 

chambers. 

Paper Measuring Bias and Uncertainty in DW-NOMINATE Ideal 

Point Estimates via the Parametric Bootstrap 

Keith T. Poole, University of California, San Diego 

Jeffrey B. Lewis, University of California, Los Angeles 

Howard L. Rosenthal, New York University 

Overview: We obtain standard errors for DW-NOMINATE via the 

parametric bootstrap. Previously this was not computationally 

feasible but the availability of the TeraGrid parallel supercomputer 

system at UCSD has brought this within reach. 

Paper Analyzing Power in Political Science: A Metric with 

Applications 

Arthur Spirling, University of Rochester 

Overview: The paper introduces an actor-based, data-driven, 

metric based on the Bradley-Terry pairwise comparison model for 

analyzing power in structured settings like legislatures. We report 

applications to the Senate and Supreme Court. 

Disc. Michael Bailey, Georgetown University 

36-3 VOTING AND ELECTIONS TECHNOLOGY 


Chair Steve Frantzich, United States Naval Academy 

Paper Wagon Train to Bullet Train: Street-Level Implementation of 

E-Voting 

Bonnie E. Glaser, University of California, Berkeley 

Karin Mac Donald, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: We discuss the process involved in adapting the 

Election Day workforce to new technology and analyze poll 

workers own perceptions of their ability to operate new machines. 

Paper BARD: Better Automated Redistricting 

Michael P. McDonald, George Mason University 

Micah Altman, Harvard University 

Overview: We discuss a set of of free open-source redistricting 

tools that we are developing, which will enable more meaningful 

participation by citizens’ groups and the general public. 

Paper Campaigns in Cyberspace and the Impact of Website 

Technology on Voters 

Michael D. Parkin, Oberlin College 

Overview: This study examines the technical sophistication of 

over 400 congressional campaign websites from 2002 and 2004 

and then, using an experiment, determines the effect that website 

technology has on voters. 

Paper Text Messaging in the 2006 Election: A Field Experiment 

Aaron B. Strauss, Princeton University 

Allison L. Dale, University of Massachusetts, Amherst 

Overview: A field experiment and survey identify ways in which 

campaigns can use mobile technology to reach out to new voters. 

The experiment tests the impact of text messaging as a 

mobilization tool and the qualitative survey detects indications of 

backlash. 

Paper Regulating Democracy’s Laboratories: The Law of Imperfect 

Voting Technology 

Daniel P. Tokaji, Ohio State University 

Overview: This paper recommends an administrative law response 

to the imperfections of present-generation registration and voting 

technology, which would give local governments latitude to 

function as laboratories for needed experimentation. 

Disc. Ana Henderson, University of California, Berkeley 

Michael Margolis, University of Cincinnati 

Page | 152 

37-301 POSTER SESSION: PARTIES AND INTEREST 

GROUPS 

Room Exhibit Hall, 4 tth Floor, Fri at 9:50 am 

Presenter Party Leader Resistance to Proposed Presidential Election 

Amendments 

(Board 12) 

Gary Bugh, Texas A&M University, Texarkana 

Overview: Why has Congress not endorsed a presidential election 

amendment? This research paper explores the resistance of party 

leaders to proposed electoral reform. Analysis focuses on the 

1967-1979 effort for national popular election. 

Presenter Explaining Pre-Pill Birth Control Policy Change 

(Board 13) 

John P. Balz, University of Chicago 

Overview: I explain variations in pre-Pill birth control policy. 

While the story of a Margaret Sanger-led social movement is 

popular, I argue that an alliance between two economic interest 

groups - pharmacists and condom-makers - better explains policy 

change. 

Presenter American Party Platforms, 1840-2004 

(Board 14) 

Donald A. Zinman, Grand Valley State University 

Overview: This paper is an examination of the reasons why 

American political party platforms have progressively grown 

larger in length. 

Presenter When Interests Collide: Medicare Payment Policy and 

Physician Associations 

(Board 15) 

Matthew J. Twetten, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Overview: The paper uses game theory to examine the Resource 

Based Relative Value System (RBRVS) and competition among 

Physician Associations for higher payment rates for procedures 

performed by their respective members. 

38-13 PRESIDENTIAL MANAGEMENT AND STAFF 


Chair James D. King, University of Wyoming 

Paper Inside the Black Box: The Politics of Presidential Advisory 

Commissions 

Elizabeth A. Clausen, University of Texas, Dallas 

Overview: Presidential advisory commissions have long been 

recognized as a means by which executives can address political 

problems. This paper investigates the conditions under which 

executives elect to delegate power to commissions. 

Paper Presidential Control of Agencies through Regulatory Review 

Stuart V. Jordan, University of Rochester 

Overview: This paper develops and executes and empirical test of 

the view that OMB review is an instrument through which the 

President controls U.S. agency policy. 

Paper The White House Counsel and the Defense of the Presidency: 

1960-2006 

Darby Morrisroe, University of Virginia 

Overview: This paper explores the role and influence of White 

House Counsels in the defense of the institutional prerogatives of 

the presidency (1960-2006) and the institutional apparatus 

developed in the White House staff structure respond to such 

threats. 

Paper Organizing the Presidency: Lessons from the Bush 

Administration 

Matthew J. Dickinson, Middlebury College 

Overview: The paper examines George W. Bush's use of advisers 

in the decision to invade Iraq. This case study is used to illustrate 

some inherent weaknesses in the Nixon-based "standard" model of 

White House organization. 

Disc. Bert Rockman, Purdue University

39-5 THE POLITICS OF CONGRESS AND THE COURTS 

(Co-sponsored with Judicial Politics, see 41-26) 


Chair John P. Forren, Miami University 

Paper Explaining the Bork Effect: Senate Confirmation Votes and 

Electoral Politics 

James A. Rydberg, University of Iowa 

Robert McGrath, University of Iowa 

Overview: This paper explains the increasingly ideological nature 

of Supreme Court confirmation votes in terms of changing state 

electoral competitiveness. Our theoretical approach allows us to 

specify the underlying mechanism for the purported “Bork 

Effect.” 

Paper Ideology's Conditional Influence on Supreme Court 

Confirmation Votes 

Jonathan P. Day, University of Iowa 

Overview: Ideology’s influence on Supreme Court confirmation 

votes is conditioned upon the context in which the vote takes place 

and the previous justice’s ideology in relation to the nominee’s 

ideology is an important contextual variable influencing votes. 

Paper Civility in Supreme Court Confirmation Hearings, 1955-2006 

Harry C. Strine, IV, Bloomsburg University 

Overview: Did Martha Alito shed crocodile tears at her husband’s 

hearing or has the Judiciary Committee become more hostile to 

Supreme Court Nominees? Using Bales’ Interaction Process 

Analysis I perform a content analysis of these hearings from 1955- 

2006. 

Paper The Sources and Evidence of Temporal Variance in the Lower 

Court Appointment Process: Establishing Periodic Regimes of 

Appointment Events 

Marcus E. Hendershot, University of Florida 

Overview: This analysis looks at the potential source of temporal 

variance in the lower court appointment process and looks to 

competing internal and external hypotheses of this variance. It 

then utilizes an extensive source of appointment events to evaluate 

the potential source. 

Disc. Matthew M. Schneider, Washington University, St. Louis 

John P. Forren, Miami University 

39-18 PARTY LEADERS: HILL STYLE AND HOME 

STYLE 


Chair Linda L. Fowler, Dartmouth College 

Paper An Historical Footnote: Remembering Richard Bolling 

Richard F. Fenno, University of Rochester 

Overview: An in-depth analysis of the career of Richard Bolling, 

who was a leading member and student of the U.S. House in the 

1960s and 1970s. 

Paper Middleman or Middlewoman: Gender Dynamics of 

Congressional Leadership Elections 

Cindy Simon Rosenthal, University of Oklahoma 

Overview: This paper explores how gender factors into 

congressional elections since 1975 and analyzes the success of 

282 leadership candidates through a gendered lens. 

Paper Partisan Vote Gathering in the U.S. House: The Role of the 

Minority 


Overview: This paper employs a unique new data set (records of 

the private whip counts conducted by House Republican leaders 

during 1975-80 and 1989-94) to address four key questions about 

the evolving legislative role of the minority party. 

Paper Strategic Party Leadership 

Gregory Koger, University of Montana 

Matthew Lebo, Stony Brook University 

Overview: What makes a good leader? This paper posits that 

legislators choose party leaders to advance their shared electoral 

interests. We test the hypothesis that leader turnover is linked to 

disappointing election results. 

Disc. David W. Rohde, Duke University 

39-19 CAREERS INSIDE CONGRESS AND BEYOND 


Chair Matthew N. Green, Catholic University of America 

Paper Congressional Caucuses and Party Leadership in the U.S. 

House 

Kate Carney, University of Oklahoma 

Overview: Caucuses offer an alternative to the traditional avenues 

to party leadership. This paper examines careers of freshman 

members in the 98th - 106th Congresses to determine if caucus 

leadership influences a member's career path to party leadership. 

Paper Voluntary Retirement from the United States Congress: A 

Bicameral Analysis 

Karen Ramsey, George Washington University 

Maeve Carey, George Washington University 

Overview: Using an event history model, we examine retirement 

patterns from the U.S. House and Senate, determining what factors 

explain retirement trends and how they differ between the 

chambers. 

Disc. Larry Butler, Rowan University 

40-3 EXAMINING LEGISLATIVE ELECTIONS AND 

POLITICAL OUTCOMES 


Chair Craig Goodman, Texas Tech University 

Paper Distributive Consequences of Unequal Participation 

Jun Saito, Wesleyan University 

Yusaku Horiuchi, Australian National University 

Overview: Studies that tap the effect of turnout on pork suffer 

from measurement errors because of an unobservable proportion 

of voters who are not beneficiaries of pork. By using rainfall as an 

instrument, we show the OLS estimates have a large downward 

bias. 

Paper Ideological Polarization and the Vanishing of Electoral 

Margins 

Jeffrey W. Ladewig, University of Connecticut 

Stephen Napier, University of Connecticut 

Overview: We theorize and test a model that hypothesizes that 

legislators view their roll-call vote choices through a retrospective 

lens of their past vote margins. We find that wider margins allow 

legislators to show their true ideological colors. 

Paper Congressional Campaign Rhetoric and Legislative Agendas 

Tracy Sulkin, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Overview: I develop and test a new agenda-based model of 

campaign promise-keeping, defining it as the extent to which 

candidates' issue appeals in campaigns serve as reliable signals 

about their subsequent policy priorities in office. 

Paper Estimating Legislators' Efficiency: Do Expensive and 

Productive Go Together 

Milena I. Neshkova, Indiana University 

Alexander V. Borisov, Indiana University 

Overview: To examine if the most "expensive" legislators are also 

the most "productive" ones, we apply stochastic frontier analysis 

to assess legislators' efficiency in their use of campaign money 

and employ this measure to estimate their legislative output. 

Paper Read My Lips: Senatorial Promises and Performance 

Kristin L. Campbell, SUNY, Buffalo 

James B. Cottrill, Santa Clara University 

Overview: This paper proposes to examine the promises made by 

27 successful Senate candidates across three elections (1998, 

2000, and 2002) in an effort to further understand why politicians 

attempt to fulfill some campaign promises and not others. 

Disc. Craig Goodman, Texas Tech University 

John Wilkerson, University of Washington 

Page | 153

41-9 HOW STATE COURT SELECTION SYSTEMS 

AFFECT JUDICIAL BEHAVIOR (Co-sponsored with 

State and Intergovernmental Politics, see 44-15) 

Room Parlor E, 6 th Floor, Fri at 9:50 am 

Chair Melinda Gann Hall, Michigan State University 

Paper Institutions, Constraint, and Judicial Decision-Making 

Chris W. Bonneau, University of Pittsburgh 

Kevin Arceneaux, Temple University 

Paul Brace, Rice University 

Overview: Despite processing the vast majority of the nation’s 

litigation, state supreme courts are still largely unexplored 

institutions. Specifically, we know little about how the 

institutional context in which judges operate affects the on-bench 

behavior of individuals. 

Paper Influences on the Cases of the State Courts of Last Resort 

Meghan Callahan, University of Colorado 

Overview: This study examines the institutional differences 

present in state judicial systems that account for the disparity in 

the number of cases handled by each state court of last resort, and 

the ability of the courts to effectively deal with those cases. 

Paper Post-Columbine: Juvenile Offenders and the State Supreme 

Courts 

Madhavi M. McCall, San Diego State University 

Overview: I find elected state supreme court justices are more 

likely to rule conservative in juvenile offender cases after the 

Columbine shooting than before, suggesting case salience is an 

important consideration in studies of state retention methods. 

Paper Judicial Selection Systems and Racial Diversity 

Kaitlyn Sill, Louisiana State University 

Overview: This paper examines the effect of judicial selection 

systems on racial diversity of state supreme courts, and it explores 

the effect of the current racial composition of a court on the 

likelihood that a minority judge is selected. 

Paper Voting Behavior and the Selection Method of State Supreme 

Court Judges 

Sarah S. Wu, University of Tennessee 

Overview: I would like to empirically test and see if various 

selection methods of judges make any difference in the way they 

behave by looking at death penalty cases of 16 states between 

1995 and 1998. 

Disc. Rachel Paine-Caufield, Drake University 

Melinda Gann Hall, Michigan State University 

42-5 HISTORY, POLITICS, AND THE FORMATION OF 

DOCTRINE (Co-sponsored with Politics and History, 

see 51-8) 


Chair Kathleen S. Sullivan, Ohio University 

Paper Rethinking Hicklin: Common Law Antecedents of American 

Obscenity Doctrine 

James R. Alexander, University of Pittsburgh, Johnstown 

Overview: This paper re-examines critical elements in the English 

common la w case of Regina versus Hicklin (1868) that continue 

to direct current Court doctrine in American obscenity law. 

Paper Reassessing the Theory of Partisan Entrenchment: 

Reconstruction and the Politics of Supreme Court 

Appointments 

Lynda Dodd, American University 

Overview: This paper examines the Supreme Court appointments 

of Presidents Lincoln and Grant. Incorporating recent 

constitutional scholarship on theories of partisan entrenchment, I 

argue that much of the blame for the failure of Reconstruction 

should be left with the Supreme Court. 

Paper What Drove the Slaughterhouse Cases Opinion? 

Leslie F. Goldstein, University of Delaware 

This paper re-examines the Slaughterhouse Cases majority 

opinion, which gutted the well-known intent of the Privileges or 

Immunities Clause, with an eye to its social and political context 

and in light of other court decisions of the 1870s and 1880s. 

Page | 154 

Paper Establishing Orthodoxy in Constitutional Interpretation: The 

Ninth Amendment Debate 

Lisa K. Parshall, Daemen College 

Overview: This paper will address the notion of orthodoxy in 

constitutional interpretation by focusing on the Ninth Amendment 

debate. 

Paper Theorizing Communities and Judicial Change , Canada and 

the U.K. 

Jason L. Pierce, University of Dayton 

Overview: This paper explores how the legal professorate shaped, 

through theoretical scholarship, the roles that the Canadian and 

British courts assumed under the Charter and Human Rights Act, 

respectively. 

Disc. Kathleen S. Sullivan, Ohio University 

44-7 INTERGOVERNMENTAL FINANCE 

Room Parlor C, 6 th Floor, Fri at 9:50 am 

Chair J. Edwin Benton, Universitiy of South Florida 

Paper Regional Economic Development Districts and E.O. 12372- 

Covered/Non-Covered Grant Receipts 

Jeremy L. Hall, University of Alabama, Birmingham 

Overview: This paper examines the effects of regional economic 

districts on federal grant receipts in their service area. Specifically, 

it compares their performance on programs covered by, or not 

covered by, E.O. 12372. 

Paper How States Deal with Preemptions and Mandates: No Child 

Left Behind 

Elizabeth A. O'Shaughnessy, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Overview: How do states deal with federal preemptions and 

mandates? I show that states respond to the No Child Left Behind 

Act through bargaining, initiating state laws in protest, and 

through federal court action, although not always effectively. 

Paper Do National Parties Coordinate in Congress to Aid their Allies 

in the States 

Brandon C. Zicha, SUNY, Binghamton 

Conor Dowling, SUNY, Binghamton 

Overview: Do U.S. parties coordinate Congressional majorities to 

direct more federal outlays to friendly state governments? 

Evidence from the period 1972 – 2002 shows that Congressional 

parties award money to the states in a partisan manner. 

Paper Conditioning State Responses to External Influences: The 

Role of Internal Moderators in State Policy Change 

Edward Alan Miller, Brown University 

Overview: The study proposes that the extent to which the federal 

government and other states influence state policy adoption 

depends, in part, on internal state characteristics. This proposition 

is examined in the context of Medicaid reimbursement policy 

change. 

Disc. J. Edwin Benton, University of South Florida 

45-13 LEADERSHIP IN LOCAL POLITICS 


Chair Stephen C. Brooks, University of Akron 

Paper Is It All About the Kids? The Political Geography of School 

Board Elections 

Brady Baybeck, University of Missouri, St Louis 

Lana Stein, University of Missouri, St Louis 

Laura Wiedlocher, University of Missouri, St Louis 

Overview: Are school board elections different from those for 

other citywide offices? We examine the political geography of 

these elections through the lens of V.O. Key’s friends and 

neighbors, comparing them with other citywide results. 

Paper Modern Machines: Parties, Incumbency, and Patronage in 

Local Politics 

Jessica Trounstine, Princeton University 

Overview: Is there a corollary to political machines in today’s city 

politics? In this paper I use case study and large N analysis to 

investigate how parties and individuals maintain power for 

multiple terms of office in American cities.

Paper City Manager Leadership Techniques: Leading from the 

Front, Side or Rear? 

Gregory Kuhn, Northern Illinois University 

Overview: City managers must lead in a governmental system 

where multiple leaders are present; elected leaders, community 

leaders, administrative leaders and organizational leaders. A 

persistent question is this: how do city mangers lead? 

Paper Evaluating Performance of Mayoral Personality Types 

Andrew McNitt, Eastern Illinois University 

Christopher Newman, Elgin Community College 

Overview: The paper unites McNitt’s work assessing mayoral 

performance with Newman’s classifying mayoral personality 

types by analyzing mayoral addresses. The goal is to determine 

which personality types produce what type of performance 

outcomes. 

Disc. Stephen C. Brooks, University of Akron 

46-101 ROUNDTABLE: THE FUTURE OF PUNCTUATED 

EQUILIBRIUM 

Room Adams, 6 th Floor, Fri at 9:50 am 

Chair Frank Baumgartner, Pennsylvania State University 

Panelist Bryan D. Jones, University of Washington 

Christoffer Green-Padersen, University of Aarhus 

Vanessa A. Baird, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Adam Sheingate, Johns Hopkins University 

Overview: The Future of Punctuated Equilibrium 

49-201 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: ENVIRONMENTAL 

POLITICS AND LOCALITIES 


Presenter Clear Ponds, Open Spaces, and Ditched Alligators: 

Environmental Resource Management and Private 

Community Association Governance in Lowcountry South 

Carolina 

Angela C. Halfacre, College of Charleston 

Patrick Hurley, College of Charleston 

Jessi A. Shuler, College of Charleston 

Overview: Using a South Carolina Lowcountry case study, this 

paper assesses private neighborhood level environmental 

knowledge, perceptions, and behaviors, and the implications for 

community association resource management and governance 

generally. 

Presenter Sense of Place: A Case Study of the Buckeye Forest Council 

Nancy J. Manring, Ohio University 

Maeve R. Mason, South Carolina Department of Health and 

Environmental Control 

Overview: This paper describes how the Buckeye Forest Council, 

a nonprofit organization active in southeastern Ohio, has both 

created and utilized a sense of place to achieve its organizational 

mission and advocacy. 

49-202 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: UNCERTAINTY AND 

ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY 


Presenter Environmental Decision-Making Under Scientific Uncertainty 

Joice Y. Chang, Indiana University 

Tatyana B. Ruseva, Indiana University 

Overview: This paper examines the implications of the 

Precautionary Principle in American jurisprudence. In particular, 

we analyze how courts have applied it, and how it might impact 

judicial, administrative, and legislative environmental decisionmaking. 

Presenter Remote Choices: Adaptive Decision-making in Long-Term 

Climate Policy 

Jurgen Scheffran, University of Illinois 

Overview: Long-term climate policies face difficult choices and 

pose challenges to decision-making across multiple levels. The 

paper introduces adaptive approaches to long-term decisionmaking 

under uncertainty and complexity. 

49-301 POSTER SESSION: ENVIRONMENTAL POLITICS 


Presenter Between Seeds and Symbols: Sub-national Climate Policy in 

Massachusetts and Quebec 

(Board 16) 

Daniel Marien, Salem State College 

Overview: The paper asks whether climate change mitigation 

policies by American states and Canadian provinces can produce 

effective greenhouse gas reduction measures and policy learning 

opportunities, or function merely as symbolic exercises by subnational 

leaders. 

Presenter A Voluntary Public-Private Partnership:: Do State Regulatory 

Regimes Matter? 

(Board 17) 

Seong-Gin Moon, Grand Valley State University 

Tun Myint, Indiana University 

Overview: This paper examines how state regulatory regimes 

influence a firm's decision to participate in a voluntary publicprivate 

partnership -- National Environmental Performance Track 

program -- that EPA initiated in 2001. 

50-6 MORALE AND PERFORMANCE IN 

GOVERNMENT AGENCIES 


Chair Marissa M. Golden, Bryn Mawr College 

Paper The Effects of Work Environment on Organizational 

Effectiveness 

Sungjoo Choi, University of Georgia 

Overview: The effects of work environment on employees' 

psychological well-being and performance are receiving greater 

attention in public management. This study examines the impacts 

of quality-of-work life from the perspective of spillover theories. 

Paper Making the Most of Public Service Motivation 

Bonnie J. Johnson, University of Kansas 

Overview: A big question of public management is how to 

motivate staff to pursue public issues. This study shows that 

managers should worry less about motivation and more about 

making an environment conducive to staff using their public 

service proclivities. 

Paper Investigation of Reform Trends in Federal Agencies Over Five 

Years: An Empirical Analysis of Federal Employee Attitudes 

and Performance Using Latent Growth Curve Time-Series 

Modeling 

Sung Min Park, University of Georgia 

Overview: The main research interest of this study centers on 

probing the relationship between the ongoing dynamic reform 

process and its impact on employee attitudes and performance in 

federal agencies by employing multivariate latent growth curve 

modeling. 

Disc. David J. Houston, University of Tennessee 

Sara R. Jordan, Texas A&M University 

50-14 NEW PERSPECTIVES ON NEW PUBLIC 

MANAGEMENT 


Chair Gregory C. Hill, Boise State University 

Paper Contracting-Out Performance: Policy Process and the Role of 

Evaluation 

Kaifeng Yang, Florida State University 

Overview: This paper assess how governmental capacity affects 

the cost, quality, and innovation of the services that have been 

contracted-out. Particular attention is paid to the limitation of 

using evaluation as a tool to enhance performance. 

Paper The Importance of False Claims Act in the Middle Age of the 

NPM and Reinventing Government 

Yongjin Chang, American University 

Overview: This paper examines the relationship between 

efficiency, economy, and result oriented reforms and issues of 

corruption and fraud, and emphasizes on the importance of 

whistleblower protection in the government contract area. 

Page | 155

Paper Corruption and NPM: A Cross State Analysis 

Justin J. Hopkins, American University 

Overview: This paper generates a theoretical case for increased 

corruption levels based upon NPM reforms and presents a cross 

state analysis on the effects of NPM reforms on perceived levels 

of corruption in US States. 

Disc. Gregory C. Hill, Boise State University 


51-5 TOPICS IN AMERICAN POLITICAL 

DEVELOPMENT 


Chair Thomas H. Hammond, Michigan State University 

Paper Conquest and Frontier in American Political Development 

Stephen G. Bragaw, Sweet Briar College 

Overview: The Law of Conquest inherited from Spain and 

England shaped instrumentally American articulation of the idea 

of the frontier. Together, these legal concepts of conquest and 

frontier fundamentally defined the project of American statebuilding. 

Paper The Effects of Katrina: Far Beyond the Storm 

Gloria Simo, DePaul University 

Overview: The effects of Hurricane Katrina go far beyond the 

physical damage to buildings and infrastructure. This paper 

examines the more personal effects of this tragedy and how 

recovery still varies by neighborhood in the city of New Orleans. 

Paper The Rise of LGBT Rights in American Political Development 


Overview: This paper utilizes an APD framework to explain the 

rise of rights and equality claims for sexual minorities. 

Paper Women Educator Citizens and the Public Sphere, 1880-1920 

Michael C. Pisapia, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: In American cities between 1880-1920, schools were a 

free space where women acted as public persons in a system 

normally relegating them to the private sphere. This public role 

contributed to the success of the suffrage movement. 

Paper Majoritarianism as a Causal Mechanism in American Political 

Development 

James Simeone, Illinois Wesleyan University 

Overview: This paper uses evidence from the creation of the 

Democratic Party in Illinois to support the claim that a 

majoritarian conception of democracy perpetuated both the liberal 

and illiberal traditions which shape American political 

development. 

Disc. Ryan J. Barilleaux, Miami University 

Thomas H. Hammond, Michigan State University 

53-301 POSTER SESSION: RELIGION AND POLITICS 


Presenter The Moral Paradox of Jubilee? Debt Forgiveness As Policy 

Image 

(Board 18) 

Larycia A. Hawkins, University of Oklahoma 

Larisa Yun, University of Oklahoma 

Overview: Jubilee 2000 betrays a clash of titans: the moralistic 

tale of debt forgiveness versus the technical tale of the harsh 

realities of globalization. This paper examines whether the causal 

story of debt forgiveness was consistent across policy venues. 

Presenter Eastern Orthodox Fundamentalism, Globalization and 

Radical Politics 

(Board 19) 

Irina A. Papkova, Georgetown University 

Overview: Eastern Orthodox fundamentalism has developed as a 

response to globalization. Currently limited in influence, this 

religious phenomenon is growing in capacity; it will increasingly 

pose challenges to democracy in several East European countries. 

Page | 156 

Presenter 1st Amendment Rights for Religious Groups?: When Law and 

Belief Conflict 

(Board 20) 

David K. Ryden, Hope College 

Overview: This paper uses current litigation and judicial opinions 

to examine the nature and extent of 1st amendment religious free 

exercise and associational protections for religious groups faced 

with contrary state or federal law. 

54-3 INTERPRETIVE ANALYSIS OF AMERICAN 

POLITICS AND POLICY-MAKING 

Room Parlor J, 6 th Floor, Fri at 9:50 am 

Chair Subir K. Kole, University of Hawaii, Manoa 

Paper Taking Metaphors Seriously: An Interpretive Account of A 

Local Policy 

Morris Bidjerano, SUNY, Albany 

Overview: The paper tries to inquire into the contextual 

significance of the metaphor of the “shield” as a lens for seeing 

and understanding the process of policy making in the case of the 

Patuxent River, Maryland water quality improvement strategy. 

Paper Methamphetamine, Rural Culture, and Public Policy: An 

Ethnographic Analysis 

William C. Garriott, Jr., Centre College 

William C. Garriott, III, Princeton University 

Overview: An ethnographic analysis of individuals in a rural area 

who have been convicted of meth-related crimes, and an 

examination of the policy implications of taking local culture into 

account. 

Paper Reversing the Causality: Considering the Impact of Politics on 

Religion 

Ariane Zambiras, University of California, Berkeley/LaSSP/IEP 

Toulouse 

Patrick Meier, The Fletcher School, Tufts University 

Overview: Our paper employs anthropological approaches to shed 

light on the issue of religion and politics in the United States, 

analyzing characterizations of atheists, opinions about the death 

penalty, and church shopping behavior. 

Disc. Subir K. Kole, University of Hawaii, Manoa 

59-102 ROUNDTABLE: SCHOLARSHIP AND ACTIVISM 

Room Monroe, 6 th Floor, Fri at 9:50 am 

Chair Daniel R. Pinello, City University of New York 

Panelist Mark Wojcik, John Marshall Law School 

Ellen Andersen, Indiana University Purdue University, 

Indianapolis 

Mark Wojcik, John Marshall Law School 

Steve Sanders, Mayer, Brown, Rowe & Maw, LLP 

Sheila Suess Kennedy, Indiana University Purdue University, 

Indianapolis 

Overview: TBA

Friday, April 13 – 12:45 pm – 2:20 pm 

1-104 AUTHOR MEETS CRITICS: MCCARTY, POOLE, 

AND ROSENTHAL'S POLARIZED AMERICA 

Room Parlor F, 6 th Floor, Fri at 12:45 pm 

Chair David Brady, Stanford University 

Panelist Sarah Binder, George Washington University 

Jeff Stonecash, Syracuse University 

Michele Swers, Georgetown University 

Rodney Hero, University of Notre Dame 

Richard Johnston, University of Pennsylvania 

Keith Poole, University of California, San Diego 

Nolan McCarty, Princeton University 

Overview: Panelists on this roundtable will discuss the recently 

published book, Polarized America: The Dance of Ideology and 

Unequal Riches, by Nolan McCarty, Keith Poole and Howard 

Rosenthal. 

2-7 THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF SKILLS AND 

PRODUCTIVITY 

Room Salon 1, 3 rd Floor, Fri at 12:45 pm 

Chair Cathie Jo Martin, Boston University 

Paper Institutional Change in the German Vocational Training 

System 

Marius R. Busemeyer, Max Planck Institute for the Study of 

Societies 

Overview: This paper argues that the German vocational training 

system has undergone incremental, yet transformative change 

during the last decades. The challenges of upskilling and 

Europeanization put pressure on the classical dual system model. 

Paper The Politics of Coalitions for High-Skilled Immigration 

Policies 

Lucie Cerna, University of Oxford 

Overview: Why are some advanced industrial countries more open 

to high-skilled immigration than others when they focus on both 

filling similar labour market shortages and recruiting ‘best 

brains’? 

Paper New Skills Institutions in Old Industrialized Economies? The 

Case of IT 

Sara Jane McCaffrey, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 

Overview: Though education and training remain deeply 

embedded in national settings, rapid technological change and 

standardization has boosted the power of international firms and 

standard setting organizations at the expense of domestic actors. 

Paper Economic Openness, Skills-Based Coalitions, and Service 

Sector Development 

Anne T. Wren, Stanford University 

Overview: Where the capacity exists for the formation of political 

coalitions around the expansion of high-productivity export lead 

service sectors, distributional conflict along the lines predicted in 

Iversen and Wren's (1998) service sector trilemma is substantia 

Disc. Cathie Jo Martin, Boston University 

2-201 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: PERSPECTIVES ON 

JAPANESE POLITICS 

Room State, 4 th Floor, Table 1, Fri at 12:45 pm 

Presenter Career Ambitions of Local Politicians in Pre- and Post- 

Reform Japan 

Ko Maeda, University of North Texas 

Jun Saito, Wesleyan University 

Overview: We explore how the 1994 electoral law reform in Japan 

changed the pattern in which local legislators step up to the 

national politics. The implications for the future of the Japanese 

party system will also be discussed. 

Presenter Arenas for Pork or Policy? Committee Debates in the 

Japanese Diet 

Akitaka Matsuo, Rice University 

Shunta Matsumoto, Meijo University 

Overview: This research conducts computer content analyses for 

committee discussion in the Japanese lower house. The 

dimensionality of discussion in each committee is determined by 

the nature of its jurisdiction. 

2-202 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: POLITICS AND 



Presenter The Influence of Electoral Cleavage Patterns on Social 

Movement Activity 

Lori M. Poloni-Staudinger, Northern Arizona University 

Overview: This study examines the influence of electoral cleavage 

patterns on activity choice among environmental organizations in 

the UK, France and Germany by asking if changes in electoral 

politics influenced the political opportunity structure for activity. 

3-6 EFFECTS OF INDIGENOUS POLITICAL 

INSTITUTIONS 


Chair Todd A. Eisenstadt, American University 

Paper Indigenous Custom and Democratic Theory in Southern 

Mexico 

Matthew R. Cleary, Syracuse University 

Overview: This paper uses evidence from Oaxaca, Mexico, to 

inform debates about multiculturalism and liberal democratic 

theory that, to this point, have largely been disengaged from actual 

empirical cases. 

Paper Communitarianism and Individualism in Southern Mexico 

Todd A. Eisenstadt, American University 

Overview: Based on an unprecedented survey in Southern 

Mexico, this paper shows that pluralist and class - rather than 

ethnic - identities, have been rural Mexico’s most salient social 

cleavages even since the post-1994 Zapatista-inspired indigenous 

rights movement. 

Paper Elections Without Parties: Authoritarian Survival and the 

Politics of Multiculturalism in Oaxaca, Mexico 

Guillermo Trejo, Duke University 

Rodrigo Elizarraras, New School for Social Research 

Overview: This paper seeks to explain why incumbent ruling 

elites in electoral autocracies would willingly decentralize 

political power to ethnic communal assemblies at the expense of 

political parties, the incumbent party included. 

Paper Indigenous Parties and Institutional Innovation in the Andes 

Donna Lee Van Cott, Tulane University 

Overview: The author examines how indigenous peoples' political 

parties are incorporating what they claim to be traditional cultural 

practices into the design of local government institutions where 

such parties control the mayor's office. 

Disc. Edward Gibson, Northwestern University 

4-6 PROBLEMS OF TRANSITION IN EASTERN 

EUROPE 

Room PDR 4, 3 rd Floor, Fri at 12:45 pm 

Chair Vladimir V. Popov, New Economic School 

Paper A Multi-Level Model of Strategic Media Use in Democratizing 

Countries 

Paul M. Loveless, Georgetown University 

Overview: Using the Czech and Slovak Republics as a quasiexperiment, 

this paper demonstrates how citizens’ informationseeking 

during democratic transition both manifests itself in media 

choices and is determined by the processes of institutional reform. 

Paper After the Revolution: The Fate of Independent Media in Post- 

Transition Polities 

Eric Schwartz, Binghamton University 

Overview: The media play an important role in opposition to 

authoritarian regimes, yet too often they are rewarded with 

repression by new regimes. The character of pre-transition 

competition is a key factor in explaining the fate of post-transition 

media. 

Paper Comparing the Democratic and the New Electoral Revolutions 

in Eastern Europe 

Klara Sogindolska, SUNY, Geneseo 

Overview: The paper provides a comparative review of the new 

Electoral Revolutions in Serbia, Georgia and Ukraine and the 

1989 Democratic Revolutions in East Central Europe. 

Page | 157

Paper The Problem of Democratic Erosion in Belarus and Slovakia 

Ludmila Krytynskaia, Princeton University 

Overview: The paper addresses the survival of new democracies 

threatened by democratically elected chief executives by focusing 

on the role of opposition elites in the prevention of complete 

democratic breakdown and reinstallation of authoritarianism. 

Disc. Mikhail G. Myagkov, University of Oregon 

5-4 ELECTIONS AND PARTY SYSTEMS 


Chair Myunghee Kim, Southern Illinois University 

Paper Executive Constraint and Economic Growth in Latin America 

Andrea L. Morrison, University of California, Davis 

Overview: I use level of executive constraint to explain changes in 

economic growth. Contrary to the hypothesis, I find that low 

levels of constraint lead to positive economic change. 

Paper Political Parties' Role in Democratic Consolidation 

Maria Ilcheva, Florida International University 

Amanda Gorski, Florida International University 

Overview: The paper explores the role of political parties in the 

consolidation of democracy in Latin America and Southeastern 

Europe arguing that parties are shaped by the political context in 

which they operate. 

Paper Electoral Institutions and Equilibrium Forces on Party System 

Size 

Robin E. Best, Syracuse University 

Overview: This paper examines the extent to which legislative 

seat rewards function as an equilibrium force on party system size 

over time. The results suggest this equilibrium force has 

diminished in recent decades across Western democracies. 

Paper The Quantity versus the Quality of Party Systems: Party 

System Polarization and Its Consequences 

Russell J. Dalton, University of California, Irvine 

Overview: Instead of counting the number of parties, it is more 

important to measure the degree of polarization within a party 

system. This analysis of the CSES I & II demonstrates the 

variation in party polarization and its impact on vote turnout and 

party choices. 

Paper Electoral Reform 

Brian F. Crisp, Washington University, St. Louis 

Yael Shomer, Washington University, St. Louis 

Overview: Are electoral systems which are "extreme" in intraparty 

and/or interparty terms more likely to be reformed and do the 

specific reforms undertaken moderate the system? 

Disc. Rachel K. Cremona, Flagler College 

Gregory Robinson, Michigan State University, East Lansing 

6-9 SOCIAL MOVEMENTS 

Room Sandburg 7, 7 th Floor, Fri at 12:45 pm 

Chair Naomi Levy, University of California, Berkeley 

Paper Recovering the Street: Political Strategies in Peru's 2000 

Mobilizations 

Carmen Ilizarbe, New School for Social Research 

Overview: The paper analyzes political strategies in the massive 

popular street protests that launched Peru's democratic transition 

in 2000 and reflects on its significance to recover the street as a 

public space for political expression. 

Paper Exploring Protest Participation in South Korea 

Young C. Kim, University of Evansville 

Overview: This study focuses on individual level explanations of 

political protest in South Korea in the process of democratization. 

Paper Mechanisms of Aggregation and Disintegration in Contentious 

Movements 

Michael Malecki, Washington University, St. Louis 

Overview: Using data on groups involved in strikes, protest, and 

violence in Argentina 1955-74, the paper shows that certain actors 

repeatedly herald the beginning of the end of a wave of protest, 

and investigates waves' diminuendo as well as their crescendo. 

Paper The Process of Donor Funding as the Cause of Social 

Movement Decline 

Kristin A. McKie, Cornell University 

Overview: Employing the case of the Barabaig land rights 

movement in Tanzania, this paper argues that the mechanisms of 

Page | 158 

cooptation and leader alienation, which are inherent in the donor 

funding process, can yield a causal explanation of social 

movement decline 

Disc. Young C. Kim, University of Evansville 

7-8 DOMESTIC POLICY RESPONSES TO THE 

EUROPEAN UNION 


Chair W. Rand Smith, Lake Forest College 

Paper EU Patterns of Governance: Social and Immigration Policies 

Sonal R. Desai, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: While the members of the EU have surrendered 

increasing authority over immigration policy to the organization, 

they have proven hesitant to shift authority over social policy. 

This project examines determinants of levels of governance in the 

EU. 

Paper How Bureaucratic Elites Imagine the European Union 

Claudio M. Radaelli, University of Exeter 

Fabrizio De Francesco, University of Exeter 

Overview: This paper provides a systematic comparison of how 

expertise and politics interact in the European Union. In our 

project, called INTUNE, we chart and explain the mode of 

interaction of bureaucratic elites in the EU by considering three 

variables. 

Paper European Police Cooperation: The Politics of EUROPOL 

Development, 1992+ 

Magdalena Krajewska, Brandeis University 

Overview: The paper examines the political aspects of the origins 

and development of the European Police Office (Europol). 

Europol’s powers have been consistently expanded since 1992, yet 

it remains one of the lesser-known institutions of the European 

Union. 

Paper Devolution, the EU and Environmental Policy: The Case of 

Great Britain 

Debra J. Holzhauer, Southeast Missouri State University 

Overview: While the British devolution process has created new 

opportunities for both Scotland and Wales to address the 

development of environmental policy at the European level, the 

regional governments have not taken advantage of these 

opportunities. 

Paper The Europeanization of Italy’s Budget Institutions, 1990-2001: 

A Bottom-Up Approach 

Francesco Stolfi, Allegheny College 

Overview: This paper assesses the impact of European factors on 

the reforms of Italy’s budget institutions in the 1990s. By 

integrating European and domestic factors in a single explanatory 

framework it concludes that the timing of the reforms is largely 

explained. 

Disc. Yuliya Yurchenko, University of Sussex 

8-8 ELECTORAL BEHAVIOR IN LATIN AMERICA 


Chair Carole J. Wilson, University of Texas, Dallas 

Paper Violent Contexts and Electoral Behavior in Colombia 

Miguel Garcia-Sanchez, University of Pittsburgh 

Overview: I analyze the impact of violent contexts on the 

individuals’ decision to vote, their vote choices and ideological 

preferences. I show that persons embedded in violent contexts 

have a different political behavior than those living in peaceful 

areas. 

Paper Voter Turnout in Latin America: Institutions, Economy, 

Political Process, and Public Opinion 

Gregg B. Johnson, SUNY, Buffalo 

Sooh-Rhee Ryu, SUNY, Buffalo 

Overview: Building upon the extant literature, this paper examines 

the effects of public opinion and the interaction of traditional 

institutional, socioeconomic, and political process explanations of 

electoral turnout in Latin America. 

Paper Causes of Split-Ticket Voting: Strategic Voting vs. Cognitive 

Madisonianism 

Juan A. Rodriguez Zepeda, University of Pittsburgh 

Overview: This paper is about the sources of split-ticket voting. 

Using survey data from the 2006 Mexican presidential elections,

two theories about the causes of this political behavior are tested: 

strategic voting and “Cognitive Madisonianism”. 

Paper The Mexican 2006 Election: How to Explain the New Electoral 

Behaviour? 

Leonardo Valdes, Universidad de Guanajuato 

Overview: The 2006 presidential election had an unexpected 

outcome. It was the narrowest election in Mexican history. How to 

explain a large switch on Mexican electoral behaviour? 

Disc. Simone R. Bohn, York University 

9-6 LOCAL POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE IN 

AUTHORITARIAN REGIMES 


Chair Wenfang Tang, University of Pittsburgh 

Paper The Consequentiality of Local Elections Under One-Party 

Rule in Taiwan 

Shiru Wang, Yale University 

Overview: Do formal institutions of elections at the local level 

affect the behavior of the ruling party in an authoritarian regime? 

Using electoral data collected before and after democratization in 

Taiwan, this paper argues that authoritarian election helps these. 

Paper The Nexus of Institutions and Unexpected "Unintended 

Consequences" in China's Fiscal Reform 

Victor Shih, Northwestern University 


Xueyan Su, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences 

Overview: Strategic Actors can Informal institutions in order to 

circumvent formal one. Using the case of the enforcement of tax 

quotas in Chinese townships, this paper documents how actors 

confronted with an array of both formal and informal institutions 

choose to. 

Paper Political Engagement in Rural China 

Pierre Landry, Yale University 

Deborah Davis, Yale University 

Overview: While considerable research in comparative politics 

has linked social capital to political engagement, we show that it is 

not the case in rural China despite the introduction of electoral 

politics at the village level. 

Paper Do New Democratic Institutions Contribute to more 

Democratic Political Engagement? A Within-County 

Comparative Study of Village Elections in China 

Mayling Birney, The Brookings Institution 

Overview: Does access to new democratic institutions contribute 

to more democratic political engagement? The question is 

investigated using an unusual two-wave dataset on village election 

quality, villager attitudes, and political behavior in China. 

Disc. Wenfang Tang, University of Pittsburgh 

13-3 VOTING IN THE POST-COMMUNIST CONTEXT 

(Co-sponsored with Voting Behavior, see 22-17) 

Room Sandburg 2,7 th Floor, Fri at 12:45 pm 

Chair Andrew Roberts, Northwestern University 

Paper Testing Sociological Model of Voting: A Case of Polish 

Parliamentary Elections, 1997-2005 

Piotr Paradowski, Loyola University, Chicago 

Overview: This research paper explores the links between social 

structure and voting behavior in parliamentary elections in Poland 

using individual level data. 

Paper Economic Voting in Post-Communist Europe: Is It Special or 

Ordinary? 

Zeynep Somer, University of California, Davis 

Overview: Not only the government parties but all parties of ten 

post-Communist countries are examined for the evidence of 

economic voting. Unemployment and “clarity of responsibility” 

are found to have the expected effects on party vote shares. 

Paper The Macro Agenda and Expressive Engagement 

Calvin J. Mouw, University of Illinois, Springfield 

Didi Popova, University of Illinois, Springfield 

Overview: Traditionally, variance in vote forms has focused on 

institutional factors. We offer a counter explanation that focuses 

on the macro agenda as the cause of the relative patterns of 

affective and cognitive engagement. 

Paper Pro-Western Attitudes in the Central and East Europe: 

Electoral Behavior 

Liudas Mazylis, Vytautas Magnus University 

Asta Skirmantiene, Vytautas Magnus University 

Overview: Electoral behavior in post-communist states was 

analyzed in order to discover pro- and anti-Western attitudes. 

Economic characteristics, ethnic composition as well as opinion 

poll data in sub-national territories were taken into account. 

Paper Economic Voting in Poland, 1992-2005 

Owen Andrew, Princeton University 

Joshua A. Tucker, New York University 

Overview: We provide a detailed study of economic voting in a 

single country transitioning from communist to democratic rule. 

Using a variety of election studies, we explore variation in 

economic voting both over time and across individuals in Poland. 

Disc. Andrew Konitzer, Austin College 

Erik Herron, University of Kansas 

14-5 POLITICAL CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF FDI 

Room Clark 5, 7 th Floor, Fri at 12:45 pm 

Chair Nathan M. Jensen, Washington University, St Louis 

Paper Political Institutions and Patterns of Foreign Direct 

Investment 

Yu Zheng, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: Using industry-level data, the paper finds that strong 

political institutions tend to attract more large-scale, capitalintensive 

and domestic market-seeking FDI whereas weak 

institutions tend to attract more labor-intensive and exportoriented 

FDI. 

Paper Effects of FDI on Human Rights Practices of Host 

Governments 

Ozen Eren, Texas Tech University 

Overview: This paper explores whether or not, in the presence of a 

significant FDI inflow, some underlying conditions make host 

governments more likely to violate their citizens' basic human 

rights. Ethnic conflicts are thought to be among such conditions. 

Paper The Nature of Conflict and Foreign Direct Investment 

Hoon Lee, University of Iowa 

Overview: This study examines how different characteristics of 

military conflict affect the inflow of FDI, such as conflict 

frequency, hostility, revisionist, rivalry, fatality, and conflict 

outcome, and then tests the proposed hypotheses, respectively. 

Paper Foreign Direct Investment and Conflict Duration 

GeiGuen Shin, University of Missouri, Columbia 

Kwang-Jin Kim, University of Missouri, Columbia 

Overview: This paper examines that the larger the proportion of 

FDI in the host country’s economy before a conflict begins, the 

shorter the length of time until the conflict is terminated. 

Paper The Politics of Investment: Estimating Implicit Government 

Preferences 

Pablo M. Pinto, Columbia University 

Santiago M. Pinto, West Virginia University 

Overview: We estimate a host government’s implicit preferences 

in regulating foreign direct investment that would be an optimum 

given a formal model of the economy in which FDI can enter as 

either a complement or a substitute to domestic labor or capital. 

Disc. Nathan M. Jensen, Washington University, St Louis 

14-203 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: POLITICS OF 

AIRPLANE PRODUCTION 


Presenter Russian Strategic Interests and the European Aeronautics 

Industry 

David W. Thornton, Campbell University 

Overview: Examines recent and ongoing developments in the 

European aeronautical sector in relation to the region’s larger 

strategic and security environment, with particular emphasis on 

the priorities and capabilities of the Russian state in shaping its 

future trajectory. 

Page | 159

Presenter The Airbus-Boeing Dispute: Political and Theoretical 

Implications 

Vicki L. Birchfield, Georgia Institute of Technology 

Timothy P. Gallagher, Georgia Institute of Technology 

Overview: The Boeing-Airbus rift has deep implications for the 

aerospace industry, domestic politics and US-EU relations. This 

paper argues that current theoretical frameworks do not capture 

the complexities of the dispute and offers new analytical 

frameworks. 

14-204 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: ECONOMIC 

NATIONALISM 


Presenter Economic Sociological Sources of Economic Nationalism 

Valerie S. K. Teo, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale 

Overview: Part I surveys the emergent fields of economic 

nationalism and economic sociology. Part II explores economic 

sociological explanations of economic nationalism in relation to 

comparative and international political economy literature. 

15-7 INTERNATIONAL CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES 

OF DEMOCRATIZATION 


Chair Desha M. Girod, Stanford University 

Paper Signaling Credible Commitment: Transitions and Conflict 

Reciprocation 

Aparna Kher, SUNY, Binghamton 

Overview: The paper empirically tests the effect of transitions on 

the quality and quantity of commitment signals. Transitioning 

institutions provide inadequate or incoherent information, 

increasing uncertainty and the probability of conflict 

reciprocation. 

Paper Dependence Networks and the Diffusion of Democracy 

Darren Hawkins, Brigham Young University 

Jay Goodliffe, Brigham Young University 

Overview: We introduce a novel theoretical explanation for the 

international diffusion of democracy by focusing on the set of 

network partners on whom a state is dependent for trade, 

investment, security, and international cooperation. 

Paper Denouncing Frauds: Transnational Coalitions and Post- 

Electoral Crises 

Enrique Bravo-Escobar, Georgetown University 

Overview: The role of coalitions between domestic opposition and 

international actors has been crucial to prevent further postelectoral 

conflicts. Structured, focused comparisons of recent 

cases in the post-Communist world and Latin America are used. 

Disc. Desha M. Girod, Stanford University 

15-203 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: DOMESTIC 

POLITICS AND INTERNATIONAL 

NEGOTIATIONS 


Presenter International Negotiation Returns for Ministries. A Multilevel 

Analysis 

Paul W. Thurner, University Mannheim 

Martin Binder, University Mannheim 

Overview: Using multi-level analysis we estimate the impact of 

formal and informal (network), domestic, transgovernmental and 

intergovernmental determinants on ministries’ returns from 

international negotiations. 

Presenter National Position Taking in International Negotiations 

Martin Binder, University Mannheim 

Overview: The paper develops a formal model of national position 

taking prior to international negotiations. Looking at a case study, 

the question is raised, how influential the national ministries were 

in determining the national bargaining positions. 

Page | 160 

15-204 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: NEW 

METHODOLOGIES IN INTERNATIONAL 

RELATIONS 


Presenter An Experimental Assessment of the Bargaining Model of War 

Katri K. Sieberg, Binghamton University 

David Clark, Binghamton University 

Charles Holt, University of Virginia 


William Reed, Rice University 

Overview: This paper uses an experiment to test a novel claim 

derived from an international relations bargaining model: that the 

chances of war are determined by the disparity between the ex 

ante distributions of power and benefits. 

16-9 SECURITY PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS IN ASIA 


Chair Bridget L. Coggins, Dartmouth College 

Paper A More Dangerous Dragon: China’s Diminishing Growth and 

the Adoption of an Aggressive Foreign Policy Agenda 

Brock F. Tessman, University of Georgia 

Overview: The growing economic, military, and political strength 

of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) has been a matter of 

considerable recent debate among international relations scholars. 

How will the strategic objectives of an increasingly powerful 

China evolve? 

Paper Security Implications of the Taiwanese Chip Industry 

Migration to China 

Ming-chin Monique Chu, University of Cambridge 

Overview: The migration of the Taiwanese chip industry to China 

is found to be extensive, thus triggering complex security risks for 

Taiwan, the USA and China including industrial-base concerns, 

technological risks and the PLA-microelectronics links. 

Paper Origin of U.S. Alliances in the Asia-Pacific in A Comparative 

Perspective 

Tatsuya Nishida, Harvard University 

Overview: This paper examines why the U.S. built multiple 

bilateral alliances in the Asia-Pacific while constructing a 

multilateral alliance, the NATO in Europe, and argues that the 

degree of security interdependence among allies is a key for a 

state’s choice. 

Paper Russian and American Approaches to Central Asian Security 

Bek-Myrza Tokotegin, Bosphorus University, Turkey 

Overview: This research paper aims to scholarly examine and 

analyze an American and Russian approaches to Central Eurasian 

security in the context of U.S.’ and Russian geopolitical 

competence in the region after Afghan Strike. 

Disc. Virginie Grzelczyk, Lafayette College 

17-8 CIVIL WAR -- THE STATE 


Chair Mahendra Lawoti, Western Michigan University 

Paper Coercive Capacity, Institutional Authority, and the Risk of 

Civil War 

Bethany A. Lacina, Stanford University 

Overview: The relationship between state strength and the risk of 

civil war is tested by coding two distinct components of the 

archetypal modern state: coercive capacity and institutional 

authority. These variables independently predict civil conflict 

onset. 

Paper Rebellion, Mobilization, and Institutions in Post-Colonial 

Societies 

Jean-Pierre Tranchant, CERDI-CNRS and Université 

d'Auvergne 

Overview: 3SLS and 2SLS estimations for post-colonial societies 

reveal that a strong state, captured by bureaucratic quality, exerts a 

strong preventive effect on rebellion. But, working institutions 

increase also rebellion, indirectly, through mobilization. 

Paper Civil-Military Relations, State Weakness and Civil Wars 

Naunihal Singh, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: This paper examines the impact of state weakness on 

civil war onset and duration. State weakness is proxied using a

country’s history of past successful and failed coups, drawn from 

an original dataset of 500 post-WWII coup attempts worldwide. 

Paper State Capacity, Taxation and Civil Wars 

Zeynep Taydas, Clemson University 

Dursun Peksen, University of Missouri 

Overview: State capacity is an important determinant of civil 

wars. Our paper shows that weaker states are more likely to 

experience civil wars. 

Disc. Jessica A. Stanton, Columbia University 

18-5 PUBLIC OPINION, CONGRESS, AND FOREIGN 

POLICY 


Chair James M. McCormick, Iowa State University 

Paper Ideology, Economy, Policy Opposition, and the Strategic 

Targeting of the U.S. 

Dennis M. Foster, Virginia Military Institute 

Overview: Explores the intervening role of partisan ideology on 

the relationships amongst diversionary incentives, congressional 

foreign policy opposition, and the strategic targeting/avoidance of 

the United States. 

Paper Playing with AIPAC: The Growing Arab Lobby's Strength 

Khalil M. Marrar, DePaul University 

Overview: Scholarship on domestic actors shaping American 

policy toward the Israeli-Palestinian conflict has always 

concentrated on pro-Israel lobbying groups while ignoring the 

growing effectiveness of the pro-Arab lobby. This paper attempts 

to remedy that. 

Disc. Elizabeth A. Bloodgood, Concordia University 

19-6 INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION AND 

VIOLENCE 


Chair Alexander Thompson, Ohio State University 

Paper Does Hierarchy Matter? International Hierarchy and the 

Final Solution 

Ethan J. Hollander, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: This paper demonstrates that the efficient 

implementation of the Final Solution depended upon the level of 

hierarchy between Germany and each occupied country. It thus 

elucidates the factors that contribute to the success of policy 

implementation. 

Paper Accounting for Endogeneity in the Success of UN 

Peacekeeping Missions 

Andrew G. Long, University of Mississippi 

Greg Day, University of Mississippi 

Harvey D. Palmer, University of Mississippi 

Overview: We evaluate a bivariate probit model that accounts for 

endogeneity in the decision-making calculus determining where 

the UN intervenes and the impact of UN intervention, as well as 

other factors, on the likelihood of conflict reoccurrence. 

Paper Time Out: Examining the Duration of Interventions 

Susan Hannah Allen, Texas Tech University 

Shelli Keck, Texas Tech University 

Overview: What determines when an international intervention 

effort will end? Higher casualties increase the likelihood of 

intervention (Gilligan and Stedman 2003), but do more intense 

conflicts lead to longer or shorter intervention efforts? 

Disc. Alexander Thompson, Ohio State University 

21-3 VOTER RESPONSE TO CANDIDATE STRATEGY 

AND INFORMATION (Co-sponsored with Voting 

Behavior, see 22-18) 


Chair Dan Cassino, Fairleigh Dickinson University 

Paper Do Citizens Follow the Crowd at Election Time? How Polls 

Affect Decisions 

Cheryl Boudreau, University of California, San Diego 

Mathew D. McCubbins, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: We use experiments to assess whether and when polls 

help citizens to improve their decisions. Specifically, we examine 

whether polls help even unsophisticated citizens and whether 

opportunity costs prevent citizens from seeking polling 

information. 

Paper What to Attack? Candidate Strategy and Voter Response 

David A. M. Peterson, Texas A&M University 

Overview: This paper focuses on the content of attacks by 

candidates. I ask two questions: 1) do candidate chose to attack 

their opponents' perceived strengths or weaknesses? and 2) which 

attack is more effective at persuading voters? 

Paper Like leader, Like Party: Leadership Assessments and Party 

Images in NL 

Tereza Capelos, Leiden University 

Sabine van der Eijk, Leiden University 

Ron van den Akker, Leiden University 

Overview: This paper examines how trait perceptions of political 

leaders determine the image of political parties. This question is 

particularly timely in the context of more personalized and 

candidate centered politics in parliamentary European 

democracies. 

Paper Candidate Ambiguity and Political Competition 

Robert P. Van Houweling, University of California, Berkeley 

Michael Tomz, Stanford University 

Paul Sniderman, Stanford University 

Overview: We use survey experiments to assess the effects of 

candidate ambiguity on voter perceptions and choice. Our 

findings have important implications for politics, because they 

demonstrate a partisan bias citizens responses to ambiguous 

platforms. 

Disc. Cindy D. Kam, University of California, Davis 

21-101 ROUNDTABLE: 25 YEARS OF POLITICAL 

TOLERANCE 

Room Red Lacquer, 4 th Floor, Fri at 12:45 pm 

Chair Stanley Feldman, Stony Brook University 

Panelist George Marcus, Williams College 

Dennis Chong, Northwestern University 

Darren Davis, Michigan State University 

James Gibson, Washington University, St. Louis 

Overview: Reflections on the past, present, and future of tolerance 

research. 

22-6 THE POLITICAL IMPLICATIONS OF 

GEOGRAPHY 


Chair Scott McClurg, Southern Illinois University 

Paper The Political Geography of the 2006 Election 

David A. Hopkins, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: Voting patterns have become more geographically 

distinct in recent U.S. elections. This paper investigates the extent 

to which this trend continued in 2006. 

Paper The Effects of Racial Segregation on Political Participation 

Ryan D. Enos, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: This paper shows that racial homogeneity at the 

neighborhood level increases individual political participation 

among African Americans; while segregating these neighborhoods 

within cities also increases participation. 

Paper There Goes the Neighborhood: The Impact of Population 

Growth on Turnout 

Joseph D. Giammo, University of Arkansas, Little Rock 

Overview: In this paper I examine the impact of population 

growth on the rate of turnout in a community, focusing on a 

random sample of counties across the country over the past eight 

presidential elections. 

Paper Voters Like Me: Domestic Migration and Proximity to Shared 

Ideology 

Ian R. McDonald, Duke University 

Overview: Does migration within the United States lead to 

geographic sorting of political preferences? This paper considers 

the claim that individuals tend to migrate towards other residents 

who share their political ideology. 

Page | 161

Paper How Spatial Factors Influence Voter Support for 

Environmental Public Goods 

Anne F. Peterson, University of Washington, Bothell 

Barbara S. Kinsey, University of Central Florida 

Hugh Bartling, DePaul University 

Overview: Paper explores in depth how spatial accessibility to 

public goods influences voter behavior. Two voter referenda 

explored indepth: preservation of open space in suburban Chicago 

(2005), and proposed construction of mass transit in Seattle 

(2002). 

Disc. Scott McClurg, Southern Illinois University 

23-6 AGENDA SETTING IN CAMPAIGNS 


Chair Shanto Iyengar, University of California, Los Angeles 

Paper Vying for Agenda Control 

Mary C. Deason, University of North Carolina 

Overview: This paper examines how organized interests can 

manipulate candidates' campaign agenda by running issue 

advertisements. Specifically, it addresses under what 

circumstances candidates will respond to these ads and alter their 

campaign messages. 

Paper Running on Iraq Running from Iraq: Deliberate Priming in 

Mid-Term Elections 

David Dulio, Oakland University 

Peter F. Trumbore, Oakland University 

Overview: We test the theory of deliberate priming in the 2002 

and 2006 mid-term elections focusing on the issues of Iraq and the 

war on terror. 

Paper The Campaign Dynamics of Issue Dialogue 

Noah J. Kaplan, University of Houston 

Travis Ridout, Washington State University 

Overview: A number of recent works have found that U.S. 

presidential and Senate candidates often discuss the same issues 

(e.g., Kaplan et al., Sides, Sigelman and Buell). This study is a 

first step in incorporating a temporal dimension into the study of 

issue dialogue. 

Paper Competing Agendas: Issue Agenda Dynamics in the 2000 

Presidential Campaign 

Corwin D. Smidt, Ohio State University 

Overview: Do the news media or candidates drive campaign 

agendas? This paper uses time series analysis of the 2000 

campaign to evaluate the dynamic interactions among voter, 

candidate, and news media issue agendas. 

Disc. Seth C. McKee, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg 

25-7 VALUES: CONTENT, CAUSES AND 

CONSEQUENCES 


Chair William G. Jacoby, Michigan State University 

Paper The Impact of Political Events on Values Change 

Dukhong Kim, Northwestern University 

Overview: This paper explores the impact of the 9/11 attacks and 

the invasion of Iraq on Americans’ attachment to values by using 

the surveys conducted by the Chicago Council on Foreign 

Relations in 1998, 2002, and 2004. 

Paper The Content and Electoral Purpose of Moral Values 

Erin S. McAdams, Ohio State University 

Overview: Analyzing data from The 2006 Congressional Election 

Study and The Ohio Political Survey, the paper examines how 

individuals define moral values, what structures those definitions, 

and how these varying conceptions impact electoral decisions. 

Paper Exploring the Political Values of Americans 

Daniel Stevens, Hartwick College 

Barbara Allen, Carleton College 

J. Michael Angstadt, Hartwick College 

Andrew Seligsohn, Harwick College 

Overview: This paper is part of a project on the political values of 

ordinary Americans. We draw on more than 150 hours of 

interviews conducted with more than 50 small-town Minnesotans 

and New Yorkers to examine how people reason and think about 

politics. 

Page | 162 

Paper A Sibling Study of Value Preferences: 20-Year Panel Data on 

Postmaterialism 

Martin Kroh, German Institute of Economic Research 

Overview: Tracing the similarity in siblings’ preferences for 

postmaterialistic values over two decades, we show that shared 

preadult experiences both in form of economic scarcity and 

parental education exert lasting effects on time-invariant value 

priorities. 

Paper Equality Matters: Value Meaning and Public Opinion 

Susan J. Tabrizi, Bucknell University 

Overview: This paper explores the relationship between multiple 

meanings of equality (equality of opportunity, equality of results 

and equality of treatment) and their influence public attitudes 

regarding minimum wage, gay rights and public school funding. 

Disc. William G. Jacoby, Michigan State University 

25-19 LINKAGES BETWEEN POLICY AND PUBLIC 

OPINION 

Room Suite 9-128, 9 th Floor, Fri at 12:45 pm 

Chair Paul M. Kellstedt, Texas A&M University 

Paper Issue Devolution and Public Opinion on Immigration 

James E. Monogan III, University of North Carolina, Chapel 

Hill 

Overview: Whether an issue fits into the common ideological 

divide depends on whether elite discourse is symbolic or 

pragmatic. This theory is tested on the immigration issue, 

contrasting opinion after proposition 187 and after Bush’s guestworker 

proposal. 

Paper The Politics of Economics: Attitudes Toward Immigration and 

Foreign Trade 

Ian B. Yohai, Harvard University 

Overview: The public appears to be much more skeptical toward 

both free trade and open immigration policies than are elites. This 

paper uses public opinion data from 1935 to the present to explore 

how positions at the mass level have changed over time. 

Paper Religion, Racism, and Representation: Societal Determinants 

of Policy Mood 

J. Tobin Grant, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale 

Philip D. Habel, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale 

Overview: We examine the dynamic relationship among societal 

changes, economic conditions, public opinion, and policy. We find 

that mood is determined by economic conditions, religiosity, and 

racial equality, and that mood drives government spending. 

Paper When the Supreme Court Decides, Does the Public Follow? 

Jack Citrin, University of California, Berkeley 

Patrick J. Egan, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: The Supreme Court is an institution that enjoys wide 

public legitimacy. When it decides controversial opinions does 

public opinion on the relevant issue change. In short does the 

Courrt legitimize policy, polarize opinion, or have no effect at all? 

Disc. Paul M. Kellstedt, Texas A&M University 

26-7 WHO VOTES AND WHY IT MATTERS: BIAS IN 

VOTER PARTICIPATION 


Chair Brad Gomez, University of Georgia 

Paper The Influence of Electoral Participation on House Legislative 

Behavior 


Overview: This paper studies the influence of varying turnout 

rates on congressional legislative behavior. 

Paper Political Effects of Low Turnout in the 2002 Irish General 

Election 

Patrick Bernhagen, University of Aberdeen 

Michael Marsh, Trinity College, Dublin 

Overview: We simulate the effects of different scenarios of 

increased and decreased election turnout on parties’ vote share in 

the 2002 Irish General Election, using a statistical model of 

multiple imputation to estimate the vote choices of non-voters.

Paper The Policy Preferences and Priorities of Voters vs. Non-voters, 

1972-2004 

Jan E. Leighley, University of Arizona 

Jonathan Nagler, New York University 

Overview: We analyze the policy preferences and priorities of 

voters and non-voters in U.S. national elections using ANES data 

from 1972 to 2004. 

Paper Party Mobilization and Social Class: Inequalities in the 


Carly Schmitt, Southern Illinois University 

Overview: Class biases in turnout and political participation has 

continually existed in the American political system. My research 

analyzes whether parties are contacting potential voters of the 

various economic levels at the same rate. 

Disc. Brad Gomez, University of Georgia 

Betsy Sinclair, California Institute of Technology 

27-8 POLITICAL COMMUNICATION THROUGH 

ENTERTAINMENT 


Chair Craig L. Brians, Virginia Tech University 

Paper Living With War in the Public Sphere: Neil Young’s 

Discourse of Dissent 

Jamie Warner, Marshall University 

Daniel Mistich, Marshall University 

Overview: Neil Young’s recent protest album troubles the neatly 

drawn lines around what counts as the “rational-critical” discourse 

that Habermas holds up as the democratic ideal. Music can work 

to expand the boundaries of the contemporary public sphere. 

Paper The Influece of Popular Music on Public Opinion 

Jessica E. Timpany, University of California, Santa Barbara 

Overview: This paper advances part of a larger study which holds 

that the relationship between music and politics is derived from 

the ability of political music to influence the way people perceive 

the climate of general public opinion. 

Paper The "O" Factor: The Impact of Bush and Gore's Appearances 

on Oprah 

Carrie A. Cihasky, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 

Overview: Did Bush and Gore's appearances on Oprah in 2000 

influence viewers and if so, how? Given Oprah's power of 

persuasion and viewers' opinion she is a trusted source, her show 

may serve as a beneficial boost for presidential campaigns. 

Disc. Craig L. Brians, Virginia Tech University 

Lester K. Spence, Johns Hopkins University 

28-205 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: WHO'S CALLING 

THE SHOTS? WOMEN COACHES IN DIVISION 1 

SPORTS 


Presenter Who's Calling the Shots? Women Coaches in Division 1 

Sports 

Susan Welch, Pennsylvania State University 

Lee Sigelman, George Washington University 

Overview: Examining the 331 Division 1 institutions with 

women’s sports programs, we consider three explanations for the 

current minority role of women’s coaches: competence, 

discrimination, and candidate pools. 

28-206 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: WOMEN AND 

REPRESENTATION IN COMPARATIVE 

PERSPECTIVE 


Presenter A Politics of Equality vs. a Politics of Difference: Do 

Constitutions Matter? 

Priscilla Lambert, Western Michigan University 

Druscilla Scribner, University of Wisconsin, OshKosh 

Overview: Should women's rights advocates pursue a politics of 

difference or a politics of equality? We compare countries with 

constitutions that emphasize women's different needs to those that 

emphasize equality or gender neutrality. 

29-7 RACE, CLASS, AND ECONOMIC EQUALITY 


Chair Armando Xavier Mejia, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Paper Credit Cards, Race and the Expropriation of Wealth: Policy 

Alternatives 

Adrian J. Lottie, Eastern Michigan University 

Overview: As the use of credit cards has become widespread, 

credit company practices have had a negative impact on the 

African American community . Similar to redlining, these 

practices call for agressive public policy solutions. 

Paper Structural Changes in the Economy and the Lives of Minority 

People 

Bumsoo Kim, Seoul National University 

Overview: This study compares the postwar experience of the 

Korean minority in Japan (zainichi) with that of Black Americans, 

and shows that structural changes in the economy play a 

significant role in determining the overall situations of minority 

people. 

Paper Race, Concentrated Poverty and Policy: Empowerment Zones 

in Urban Areas 

Michele A. Gilbert, Cleveland State University 

Overview: This paper demonstrates that Empowerment Zones 

have had a significant impact on socioeconomic outcomes 

compared with high poverty areas not served by the program. 

However, this effect is conditioned on the racial composition of 

the neighborhood. 

Paper The American Dream: A Family's Financial Nightmare 

Susan L. Gaffney, Governors State University 

Overview: This research will attempt to determine what affect 

offering homeowners 40 year mortgages has on housing 

foreclosures in predominately African-American municipalities 

located in south suburban Cook County. 

Paper Does Race Matter? An Exploratory Analysis of Race, 

Managerial Networking, and Performance Outcomes 

Bettie C. Ray, Texas A&M University 

Overview: Scholars have ignored the idea that managers are more 

likely to network with actors who share similar descriptive 

characteristics. This paper argues that a manager's race influences 

their ability to interact with other actors in a given system. 

Disc. Martin Urbina, Howard College 

Marisa Abrajano, University of California, San Diego 

30-3 POSTMODERNITY AND ANTIQUITY 

Room Dearborn 1, 7 th Floor, Fri at 12:45 pm 

Chair Michael A. Gillespie, Duke University 

Paper Political Order and Philosophical Disruption: Reading Plato 

with Heidegger 

Timothy Dale, University of South Carolina, Upstate 

Overview: This paper explores the complex and contentious 

relationship between Heidegger and Plato, with a focus on the 

relationship that each has toward pre-Socratic philosophy, and on 

the problem of philosophical disruption in political order. 

Paper Strauss's Athens: On Part of Strauss's Response to Heidegger 

Alexander S. Duff, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: Strauss's revival of classical philosophy is not strictly a 

return to the ancients. The peculiarities of his reconsideration of 

"the problem of Socrates," as may be found in his studies of 

Xenophon, respond to problems bequeathed by Heidegger. 

Paper The Legacy of Isocrates: Derrida and Postmodern Political 

Theory 

Jamie R. Muir, University of Winnipeg 

Overview: Western political philosophy may be more diverse than 

its supporters or critics have allowed in recent scholarship.This 

paper argues that similarities between Isocrates and Derrida help 

us to better understand both the political thought of both thinkers, 

Paper Lucretius and the Comedy of Politics 

Benjamin T. Lundgren, Michigan State University 

Overview: In a reading of Lucretius, I contend that his materialism 

leads to a radically different outlook than contemporary theorists 

'because, besides diminishing our greatest fears, more importantly, 

Epicureanism saves us from our greatest hopes. 

Disc. Richard G. Avramenko, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Page | 163

31-3 LEGAL ARGUMENTATION IN MEDIEVAL AND 

EARLY MODERN THOUGHT 


Chair Alexandra E. Hoerl, Rutgers University 

Paper Natural Law and Law of Nations: From Aquinas to Suarez 

Yoshihisa Yamamoto, Catholic University of America 

Overview: In this paper, I will analyze the theories of natural law 

by Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274) and Francisco Suarez (1548- 

1617). I will analyze natural law in contrast with the law of 

nations. 

Paper Private Law Models for Public Law Concepts 

Daniel Lee, Princeton University 

Overview: This paper investigates the contributions of 

Renaissance civil law in the development of early modern 

doctrines of popular sovereignty. 

Paper Don't Believe What You've Heard: Reconsidering Grotius's 

Skepticism 

Loren C. Goldman, University of Chicago 

Overview: This paper reinterprets Grotius as a probabilistic, not 

Pyrrhonic, skeptic, thereby solving problems in the traditional 

literature about his belief in human sociability. 

Paper Covenant, Caring, and Conquest: The Logic of Contract in 

States by Acquisition and Generation 

Brookes C. Brown, Princeton University 

Overview: This paper uses Hobbes’ theory of knowledge and the 

three potential mechanisms of state formation Hobbes describes, 

states by institution, acquisition and generation, to interrogate 

Hobbes’ general views of sovereignty and the commonwealth. 

Disc. Phillip Gray, Texas A&M University 

32-7 HOBBES 


Chair Ronda L. Roberts, Michigan State University, East Lansing 

Paper Hobbes and the War on Terror 

Yishaiya Abosch, California State University, Fresno 

Overview: A textual analysis of Hobbes's Behemoth will inform a 

critical examination of parallels between the current War on 

Terror and the Weimar period. 

Paper Hobbes' Pedagogy: A Portrait of the Potential Hobbesean 

Graham R. Howell, Carleton University 

Overview: The paper examines several of major works to argue 

that Hobbes shaped the presentation of his thought to a specific 

kind of student, which in turn shapes how his thought must be 

read. 

Paper Political Anthropomorphism 

Alice Ristroph, University of Utah 

Overview: Political anthropomorphism describes accounts of state 

power that analogize the state to an embodied human being. I 

critically evaluate this anthropomorphic approach to power, 

especially as it is invoked in the name of national self-defense. 

Paper Who Is the Hobbes's Sovereign? Analysis of Hobbes's 

Theories of Leadership 

Michael T. Rogers, Lindsey Wilson College 

Overview: First, I argue there are 3 plausible and competing 

theories of leadership in Hobbes. After exploring Hobbes's 

democratic, aristocratic and Platonic theories of leadership, I 

construct a clearer picture of who the Hobbesian sovereign is. 

Paper The States of Nature in Hobbes’ Leviathan 

Gregory B. Sadler, Ball State University 

Overview: 5 diferent conditions of the state of nature are 

distinguishible in Hobbes' Leviathan. Hobbes' main focus is on 

preventing the state of nature as civil war within a previously 

existing civil society. 

Disc. Wynne Walker Moskop, St. Louis University 

32-20 POLITICS, MEMORY, AND NARRATIVITY 

Room LaSalle 1,7 th Floor, Fri at 12:45 pm 

Chair Onur Bakiner, Yale University 

Paper Political Obligation, Public Memory, and Recognition 

Controversies 

Steven M. DeLue, Miami University 

Overview: Paper discusses the basis of political obligation in a 

liberal democratic state replete with recognition controversies. I 

Page | 164 

survey some basic arguments, critique them as inadequate to 

address recognition controversies, and provide a solution. 

Paper An Outline of a Theory of Political Storytelling 

David J. Lorenzo, Virginia Wesleyan College 

Overview: I outline a theory of storytelling that locates stories in 

relationship to understandings of the world by connecting the 

functions of stories to a group of variables that describe their 

temporal, intellectual, and metaphorical characteristics. 

Paper The American Stain: Virtue, Memory, and Corruption in 

Philip Roth 

Robb A. McDaniel, Middle Tennessee State University 

Overview: An examination of the recent political fiction of Philip 

Roth in light of debates over "liberalism" and "republicanism" in 

the American political tradition. 

Paper The Politics of Memory: Algeria, South Africa and Rwanda 

Smita A. Rahman, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Overview: This paper examines the complex negotiations 

involved in the politics of memory. How do societies with 

grievously injured pasts come to terms with their continued 

presence? Viewed through the prism of Nietzsche's Untimely 

Meditations. 

Paper Adorno's Emancipatory Politics and the Idea of Philosophy 

After Auschwitz 

Alireza Shomali, Harvard University 

Overview: Adorno’s critique of the Enlightenment, it is said, blurs 

the possibility of emancipatory praxis. My paper questions the 

validity of this position and investigates the possibility of 

emancipatory praxis in Adorno’s idea of philosophy after 

Auschwitz. 

Disc. Christian D. Dean, Dominican University of California 

33-5 POLITICAL THEORY AND THE ECONOMY 


Chair Robert Mayer, Loyola University, Chicago 

Paper Human Economics: The Intrinsic Failure Of Markets For The 

Poor 

Eamon Aloyo, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Overview: We should reevaluate economists' fundamental 

assumptions concerning the human consequences of money 

demand driven markets, and instead reconsider how human 

demand might assist in ethical analysis and reform. 

Paper Dewey’s Democracy and Hayek’s Liberalism 

Colin Koopman, University of California, Santa Cruz 

Overview: Both Dewey and Hayek understand politics through a 

pragmatic-praxeological critique of subject-centered rationalism. 

Recognizing their convergence here opens up new options for 

both theories and also illuminates previously unexplained 

differences. 

Paper Deliberation, Property, and Economic Justice 

Peter M. Lindsay, Georgia State University 

Overview: This paper explores the following potential paradox: 

are the property relations necessary for the functioning of a 

deliberative democracy the relations that would be chosen by 

deliberative democrats? 

Paper Challenging the Privatization of Consumption 

Steve Vanderheiden, University of Minnesota, Duluth 

Overview: I examine the emerging anti-consumerist critique in 

light of its implications for liberal theory as well as in the 

normative claims that it makes in its own right, considering its 

implications for how individual consumer decisions are regarded. 

Disc. Robert Mayer, Loyola University, Chicago 

35-7 EMPIRICAL IMPLICATIONS OF THEORETICAL 

MODELS (EITM) 

Room Montrose 2, 7 th Floor, Fri at 12:45 pm 

Chair John Patty, Harvard University 

Paper Dynamics of 2 Party Competition: Empirical Estimation of a 

Theoretical Model 

Tasos Kalandrakis, University of Rochester 

Arthur Spirling, University of Rochester 

Overview: We estimate the parameters of a stochastic game of 

two-party competition using the sequence electoral outcomes in 

four countries with two-party parliamentary systems.

Paper A Strategic Model and Empirical Test of Communal Forest 

Management 

Eric A. Coleman, Indiana University 

Overview: We develop both a strategic model and a probability 

model to test common pool resource management success, where 

individuals in a communal forest place random utility weights 

(determined by management type and monitoring) on the act of 

harvesting. 

Paper Learning over Repeated Elections: PACs and Campaign 

Contribution Decisions 

Jonathan Wand, Stanford University 

Overview: I examine PACs contribution 1979--2004, by modeling 

the repeated discrete choice facing PACs of whether to support 

individual candidates in each election. Theories of partisan and 

investor giving, and the value of majority positions are tested. 

Paper Estimation of Belief Updating in International Crisis 

Bargaining 

Taehee Whang, University of Rochester 

Overview: In this paper, I explain why current statistical models 

of strategic choice allow for very little belief updating and in their 

stead offer a new fully strategic choice estimator that retrieves the 

correct amount of belief updating. 

Disc. Michael Kellermann, Harvard University 

36-2 BLOGS AND NEW SOURCES OF POLITICAL 

INFORMATION, (Co-sponsored with Mass Media and 

Political Communication, see 27-19) 

Room Parlor E, 6 th Floor, Fri at 12:45 pm 

Chair S. Suzan Harkness, University of the District of Columbia 

Paper Stay Tuned! Political Information, Infotainment and Viewers’ 

Behavior 

Frédérick Bastien, Université de Montréal 

Overview: In this paper, we use micro-level data collected with 

portable peoplemeters to demonstrate that citizens are less 

resistant to political information than is usually believed, despite 

the more entertaining alternatives offer by new media. 

Paper Young Adults’ News Consumption Online 

Eszter Hargittai, Northwestern University 

Overview: Using unique data from a representative survey of a 

diverse group of first-year college students, the paper looks at the 

types of online sources young adults visit for news and political 

information. 

Paper Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender Bloggers: Politics and 

Participation 

Antoinette J. Pole, Brown University 

Overview: This paper explores the role of gay, lesbian, bisexual, 

and transgender (GLBT) bloggers in the blogosphere, and how 

GLBT use their blogs for purposes related to politics and 


Paper Entering a New Era: The Effect of Blogs on the Electorate 

Geoffrey D. Sheagley, University of Minnesota, Morris 

Overview: Blogs are one of the fastest growing sources of political 

information. This project analyzes the interactions between blogs, 

source credibility, and partisan affiliation and discusses the 

implications for American democracy. 

Paper The Mass Public and Blogs: Is Anyone Listening? 

Kevin J. Wallsten, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: This paper develops a measure of the “blog agenda” – 

the issues which receive attention in the blogosphere – and 

addresses the extent to which it influences the mainstream media, 

Congressional, executive and campaign agendas. 

Disc. Joel Bloom, SUNY, Albany 

Amy E. Jasperson, University of Texas, San Antonio 

37-5 INTEREST GROUPS AND LOBBYING THE 

STATES 

Room LaSalle 2, 7 th Floor, Fri at 12:45 pm 

Chair Gaylord G. Candler, Indiana University, South Bend 

Paper Congressional Influence on State Lobbying Activity 

Virginia H. Gray, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Frank Baumgartner, Pennsylvania State University 

David Lowery, University of Leiden 

Overview: Does national legislative activity influence the demand 

for lobbying at the state level? This question is examined by 

adding the hearings data from the Policy Agendas Project to Gray, 

Lowery et al's ESA model and specifying 4 possible linkages. 

Paper The Subversion of Administrative Oversight in the American 

States 

Frederick J. Boehmke, University of Michigan 

Overview: I study the effect of campaign contributions from 

nursing facilities on their performance on annual inspections, 

governed by Federal regulations, in order to understand whether 

political activity can subvert the oversight process. 

Paper Lobbying Activity and State Legislatures: An Empirical 

Analysis 

Nathan J. Grasse, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 

Overview: This study uses empirical analysis to examine lobbying 

activity in the Wisconsin State Legislature. Multiple policy areas 

are examined in order to assess patterns of interest group behavior 

as well as the influence groups exert on policy-making. 

Paper Interest Groups in Market-Based Environmental Governance: 

Southern California’s Experience 

Xueyong Zhan, University of Southern California 

Overview: This article addresses the role of various interest 

groups in market-based environmental governance. Its main 

research context is the implementation process of RECLAIM-an 

emission trading program-in Southern California. 

Disc. John Carrol, Providence College 

38-4 PRESIDENT AND CONGRESS (Co-sponsored with 

Legislative Politics, see 39-27) 


Chair Richard M. Skinner, Williams College 

Paper Spending His Capital: Presidential Position-Taking in the U.S. 

House 

William D. Anderson, University of South Dakota 

Marcus Bevier, University of South Dakota 

Jacob Mortenson, University of South Dakota 

Overview: Using a novel data set of over 6,000 presidential 

position and non-position votes in the U.S. House, this paper 

examines how momentum and presidential capital shape the 

president's decision to take positions on issues before Congress. 

Paper The Softer Side of Presidential Power 

Matthew N. Beckmann, University of California, Irvine 

Overview: We propose an alternative conception of presidential 

power than is often assumed, one where presidents’ impact the 

ideological direction of new laws, not the outcome of key votes 

per se. Hypotheses are tested on a sample of 745 policy 

initiatives. 

Paper Beyond Chadha: The Modern Legislative Veto as 

Macropolitical Conflict 

Michael J. Berry, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Overview: This paper examines the modern legislative veto as an 

important congressional oversight device. In particular, the 

legislative veto is analyzed as a context for institutional 

macropolitical conflict between the legislative and executive 

branches. 

Paper Where the President Stands: Presidential Centrality and 

Member Concurrence in the House, 1953-2002 

Cameron J. Matthews, University of Houston 

Overview: This paper examines the relationship differences in the 

president's position in ideological space and that of the House and 

Senate has on member concurrence. 

Disc. Richard M. Skinner, Williams College 

Michael E. Bailey, Berry College 

Page | 165

39-301 POSTER SESSION: LEGISLATIVE POLITICS: 

INSTITUTIONS 

Room Exhibit Hall, 4 th Floor, Fri at 12:45 pm 

Presenter Abstention and Absence in Parliamentary Voting 

(Board 1) 

Martin Ejnar Hansen, University of Aarhus 

Overview: Using both quantitative and qualitative data from 

Ireland and Denmark I analyze the use of abstention and absence 

in parliaments. I find and explain that in both cases some 

legislators are more likely to abstain or be absent than others. 

Poster Rules, Organizations, Institutions, and Legislative 

Development 

(Board 2) 

Jesus S. Peralta, University of West Georgia 

Overview: In the legislative literature, rules, organizations, and 

institutions are confounded. I argue that the failure to recognize 

theoretical differences between these concepts limits our 

understanding of how legislatures develop. 

40-301 POSTER SESSION: CANDIDATES, INSTITUTIONS, 

AND OUTCOMES IN LEGISLATIVE ELECTIONS 


Presenter Candidates and Voter Turnout in Congressional Elections 

(Board 3) 

Nathan A. Ilderton, Texas A&M University 

Overview: This paper examines voter turnout in congressional 

elections. It tests whether or not the quality of challengers in U.S. 

House elections enhances voter turnout. 

Presenter Modernization and the Politics of Survival in the Middle East 

(Board 4) 

Caroleen Marji Sayej, Long Island University 

Overview: This paper examines the claim that modernization in 

the Middle East lags behind other regions. Regimes in the Middle 

East not only embrace, but also survive expressly because they 

follow the Western model. 

Presenter Variation of Votes, a Variation of Representational Style? 

(Board 5) 

Peter W. Brusoe, American University 

Overview: Senators face numerous constraints on how they 

represent their states, including their relationship with the other 

senator, and areas of expertise. This paper attempts to add to this 

discussion by examining how electoral support may vary the 


Presenter Party or Personality in the Present: Reassessing Senate 

Election Outcomes 

(Board 6) 

Brendan P. Toner, Southern Illinois University 

Joshua L. Mitchell, Southern Illinois University 

Overview: This work is an extension of Abramowitz’s work on 

Senate election outcomes. The main finding from our work is 

candidate characteristics outweigh state characteristics in 

incumbent races. However, in open seats state characteristics 

matter more. 

Disc. Cynthia R. Rugeley, Florida State University 

41-6 INTEREST GROUPS, LITIGATION, AND 

ATTORNEY EXPERTISE 

Room Parlor H, 6 th Floor, Fri at 12:45 pm 

Chair Eric N. Waltenburg, Purdue University 

Paper Who is Demanding Litigation? A Roll Call Analysis 

Sean Farhang, University of California, Berkeley 

Miguel de Figueiredo, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: We analyze congressional roll call votes from 1887 to 

2005 on legislative provisions encouraging or discouraging private 

litigation in federal policy implementation. 

Paper Does Advocacy Matter? The Impact of Attorney Expertise in 

Federal Courts 

Rachael K. Hinkle, University of Toledo 

Overview: This paper examines the relationship between attorney 

expertise and case outcomes in the United States Courts of 

Appeals and concludes that there is no such relationship at any 

significant level. 

Page | 166 

Paper The Impact of Amicus Briefs on Supreme Court Justices and 

Their Opinions 

Timothy G. Howard, North Harris College 

Overview: This paper looks at data accumulated on Supreme 

Court decisions over a period of approximately 60 years and 

analyzes which amicus filers have the greatest impact on Supreme 

Court decisions, and on the votes of individual justices. 

Paper Amicus Curiae at Oral Argument: How the Court Uses its 

Information Sources 

Matthew M. C. Roberts, Calvin College 

Overview: This paper builds off of recent research about the 

impact that oral arguments have on the Court's decision making— 

in particular, how the Court treats amicus curiae that are allowed 

to participate at oral arguments. 

Paper The Supreme Court and Participant Strategies for Framing 

Issues 

Justin Wedeking, University of Minnesota 

Overview: I investigate how petitioners, respondents, and amici 

frame important issues before the Supreme Court. 

Disc. Eric N. Waltenburg, Purdue University 

James C. Brent, San Jose State University 

41-19 INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF COURTS FROM A 

COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE: LEGITIMACY, 

INDEPENDENCE, AND AUTHORITY 

Room Burnham 1, 7 th Floor, Fri at 12:45 pm 

Chair Shannon I. Smithey, Westminster College 

Paper Formation vs. Action: What Empowers Constitutional 

Courts? 

Sabrina L. Pinnell, University of California, Santa Barbara 

Overview: This paper concentrates on constitutional courts of 

three countries (Hungary, South Africa, and the Russian 

Federation) to explore what establishes court legitimacy and 

authority: their initial formation, or actions of courts after 

formation. 

Paper The Politics of Supreme Court Reform in Argentina: In 

Search for Legitimacy 

Alba M. Ruibal, Instituto de Investigaciones Juridicas, UNAM 

Overview: The paper argues that the reforms related to the 

independence of the supreme court promoted in Argentina in 2003 

can be explained as a movement of governmental self-restriction, 

in order to build legitimacy in a context of institutional crisis 

Paper Determinants of Judicial Institutionalization 

Kirill M. Bumn, University of Kentucky 

Overview: Our paper evaluates several explanations for judicial 

institutional growth, focusing on the regional and domestic 

political influences on the development of post-communist 

constitutional courts. 

Paper (De)Juridicialization and American Politics 

Sarah Staszak, Brandeis University 

Overview: This paper examines de-juridicialization-- efforts to 

roll back the court's role as implementer of administrative law-- by 

examining relevant mechanisms across a range of policy areas and 

court doctrine in order to assess what accounts for durability. 

Paper Instability of Argentine Justices in Office: A Critical 

Appraisal 

Maria Andrea Castagnola, University of Pittsburgh 

Overview: Why do argentine justices remain a short time in 

office?In this paper I argue that it is the political power of the 

president and the electoral executive-cycle, rather than the 

justice’s own voting behavior, what determines the durability of 

justices 

Disc. Richard L. Vining, Emory University 

Shannon I. Smithey, Westminster College

42-101 AUTHOR MEETS CRITICS: MARK GRABER'S 

DRED SCOTT AND THE PROBLEM OF 

CONSTITUTIONAL EVIL 

Room Parlor B, 6 th Floor, Fri at 12:45 pm 

Chair Bradley D. Hays, University of Nevada, Las Vegas 

Panelist Paul Finkelman, Albany Law School 

Evan Carton, University of Texas, Austin 

Ran Hirschl, University of Toronto 

Paul Frymer, University of California, Santa Cruz 

Mark A. Graber, University of Maryland 

Overview: Author Meets Critics: Mark A. Graber's Dred Scott and 

the Problem of Constitutional Evil. 

44-14 TOPICS IN STATE POLITICS 

Room Parlor C, 6 th Floor, Fri at 12:45 pm 

Chair Juhem Navarro, University of Connecticut 

Paper Symbolic Politics Out of Florida: Elian Gonzalez and Terri 

Schiavo 

Martin Gruberg, University of Wisconsin 

Overview: These two cases had a lot in common: self-proclaimed 

guardians of the mute (both sides claiming that Elian and Terri 

wanted what they wanted and attributing bad motives to the other 

camp), media and political (including congressional) 

grandstanding. 

Paper California-Blue State or More Multi-Colored State 


Overview: This research examines the geographical and political 

make-up of California, utilizing census tract and voting data from 

the 1990s, to better understand the diversity of California state and 

local political attitudes and behavior. 

Paper Administrative Growth as a Function of Judicial 

Independence 


Overview: This paper examines the link between the growth of 

state administrative agencies and state judicial independence. 

Disc. Juhem Navarro, University of Connecticut 

David L. Schecter, California State University, Fresno 

46-9 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY IMPLEMENTATION 

ISSUES 


Chair Mark Lubell, University of California, Davis 

Paper Impacts Of Governmental Funding On Financial Efficiency 

Of Public Wastewater Services 

Robert J. Eger, Georgia State University 

Hyun Jung Park, Georgia State University 

Overview: Does governmental funding cause any unintentional 

distortion of financial efficiency of wastewater services? This 

paper seeks an answer by exploring the factors that affect financial 

efficiency by government type, by funding source, and over time. 

Paper Taking Out the Trash: A Policy Study of Private Solid Waste 

Management 

Mahalley D. Allen, California State University, Chico 

Overview: Environmental laws about solid waste have led to strict 

regulations, which have made privatization of waste disposal an 

attractive option for cities. I examine the influence of these laws 

on the privatization of residential solid waste disposal. 

Paper Presidential Policies and the Bureaucracy: The Dynamics of 

EPA Enforcement Actions 

Colin L. Provost, University College London 

Brian J. Gerber, West Virginia University 

Mark Pickup, University of Oxford 

Overview: Studies have shown bureaucratic resistance at EPA in 

response to Reagan policy initiatives. We examine EPA 

enforcement actions to see whether similar resistance exists under 

the current Bush Administration. 

Paper Political Institutions and the Dynamics of Local Policy Change 

Mark Lubell, University of California, Davis 

Richard Feiock, Florida State University 

Edgar Ramirez, 

Overview: Analysis of how the influence of interest group 

communities on local government policies depends on the 

structure of political institutions. 

Paper Collaborative Policy: Time Wasted or Well Spent? 

Mark Lubell, University of California, Davis 

Adam Henry, University of California, Davis 

Mike McCoy, University of California, Davis 

Overview: Quantitative analysis of the effectiveness of 

collaborative policy using survey data from land-use and 

transportation policy elites in two California regions. 

Disc. Ramiro Berardo, University of Arizona 

David C. Nixon, University of Hawaii, Manoa 

50-13 LEADERSHIP, STRATEGY, AND 

ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE 


Chair David R. Connelly, Western Illinois University 

Paper Strategy, Structure, Process and Environment in English 

Local Governments 

George A. Boyne, Cardiff University 

Rhys Andrews, Cardiff University 

Kenneth J. Meier, Texas A&M University/Cardiff University 

Laurence J. O'Toole, University of Georgia 

Richard M. Walker, University of Hong Kong/Cardiff University 

Overview: Miles and Snow's (1978) model of strategic 

management argues that organizations should adopt distinctive 

strategies which 'fit' their operating environment and their internal 

structures and processes. We apply this model to English local 

governments. 

Paper Leadership and Transaction Costs: Building Contract 

Management Capacity 

Mary K. Feeney, University of Georgia 

Craig Smith, University of Georgia 

Overview: This paper uses qualitative and quantitative data to 

assess the ongoing efforts of a single agency to build managerial 

capacity, highlighting the importance of technical knowledge, 

agency culture, and professional norms among public managers 

and contractors. 

Paper Empirical Literature Review Strategic Planning in the Public 

Sector 

Carolyn A. Hanaway-Benjamin, North Carolina State 

University 

Overview: An examination and summary of recent literature and 

empirical s tudies to address the question: What does strategic 

planning offer public agencies? 

Paper Hoping for the Dick Vermeil Effect: Performance and the 

Selection Decision 

Vicky M. Wilkins, University of Georgia 

Madinah F. Hamidullah, University of Georgia 

Kenneth J. Meier, Texas A&M University 

Overview: This paper examines how prior performance may 

influence the decision of a public organization to either promote 

from within or hire from the outside when selecting a leader. Are 

low performing organizations more likely to hire from the 

outside? 

Disc. David R. Connelly, Western Illinois University 

Richard Wandling, Eastern Illinois University 

50-101 ROUNDTABLE: PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION -- 

CHANGING POLICY DISCOURSE: 

PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT 

CONTROVERSIES 

Room Adams, 6 th Floor, Fri at 12:45 pm 

Chair Frank M. Anechiarico, Hamilton College 

Panelist Dennis C. Smith, New York University 

Beryl A. Radin, American University 

H. George Frederickson, University of Kansas 

David G. Frederickson, U.S. Department of Labor 

Overview: All of the panelist above have written on performance 

management: Anechiarico and Smith in a relatively positive way 

and Radin and the H. George and David Frederickson from a more 

Page | 167

Page | 168 

critical perspective. This keystone of contemporary public 

administration. 

51-6 COURTS, POLITICS, AND POLICIES 


Chair Leslie F. Goldstein, University of Delaware 

Paper The Privileges and Immunities of American Citizenship: 

Thick or Thin? 

Jordon B. Barkalow, Bridgewater State College 

Overview: The question of what it means to be an American is 

pursued through an analysis of the Congressional debate over the 

Fourteenth Amendment. Analysis demonstrates that American 

citizenship is best understood in liberal terms. 

Paper Prosecuting the Powerful: State Regulation of 19th Century 

Corporations 

Jonathan Chausovsky, SUNY, Fredonia 

Overview: State Attorneys General in the 19th Century actively 

prosecuted corporations for violations of their charters. I position 

Attorneys General as political actors, and explain when and why 

they sought to rein in powerful economic actors. 

Paper Corruption in History: The 1853 Impeachment Trial of Judge 

Levi Hubbell 

Michael A. Kwas, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: This paper examines the 1853 impeachment trial of 

Judge Levi Hubbell. It vividly illustrates conceptions of political 

corruption in flux and demonstrates both the instrumental and 

normative role that narratives of corruption played in creating a 

legitimate trial. 

Paper Laissez-Faire Redux: The Supreme Court and Age/Disability 

Discrimination 

William M. Leiter, California State University, Long Beach 

Overview: The Supreme Court has embraced laissez-faire themes 

in its statutory and constitutional treatment of age and disability 

discrimination, while being more deferential to race/gender/ethnic 

antidiscrimination claims. 

Paper Letting Politics Make Law: The Judicial Restraint of the 

Warren Court 

Rebecca E. Zietlow, University of Toledo 

Overview: This talk celebrates the often overlooked judicial 

restraint of the Warren Court, which allowed Congress to enact 

legislation protecting individual rights. It reconsiders the proper 

relationship between politics and law in the ongoing debate over 

judicial restraint. 

Disc. Francis J. Carleton, University of Wisconsin, Green Bay 

53-5 RELIGIOUS INFLUENCE ON INTEREST GROUP 

FORMATION AND STRATEGY 


Chair Caroline M. Nordlund, Dickinson College 

Paper Argument Frame Diversity in Religious Group Rhetoric 

Katherine E. Stenger, Gustavus Adolphus College 

Kathryn L. Johnson, Gustavus Adolphus College 

Overview: In this paper, we use a new collection of over 3,000 

press releases from a sample of Christian groups to test the 

accuracy of the claim that religious groups are limited in the types 

of argument frames they use. 

Paper Religious Conservatives and Social Movement 

Institutionalization 

Kimberly H. Conger, Iowa State University 

Overview: The religious conservative movement in the U.S. 

shows less organizational institutionalization than we would 

expect. I examine the reasons for this and implications for social 

movement theory and the study of the religious conservative 

movement. 

Paper The Political Consequences of Premillennial Theology in 

America 

Paula N. Booke, University of Chicago 

Overview: This paper examines the relationship between 

premillennialism and politics by examining the social network of 

premillennial websites. 

Paper A New Sacred History: The Political Foundation of the New 

Christian Right 

James M. Patterson, University of Virginia 

Overview: The political foundation of the New Christian Right 

(NCR) uses a historical narrative to demand political action from 

membership, who then seek positions in government to encourage 

the completion of that narrative. 

Disc. Franklyn C. Niles, John Brown University 

55-2 WHY SERVICE LEARNING? 


Chair Suzanne Soule, Center for Civic Education 

Paper Quality Internship and Service Learning Programs: The New 

CAS Standards 

Eugene J. Alpert, The Washington Center for Internships and 

Academic Seminars 

Overview: The Council for the Advancement of Standards in 

Higher Education recently adopted national standards as 

guidelines for internship and service learning programs. This 

presentation reviews these guidelines and implementation. 

Paper Missing Incentives: Faculty Attitudes about Service Learning 

Jackson Sellers, University of Kansas 

Overview: This paper uses qualitative and quantitative data to 

discuss factors associated with attitudes about service learning by 

political science faculty and provides suggestions for increasing 

the use of service learning in the field. 

Paper Public Service, Service Learning and Undergraduate 

Education 

Ronald Matthews, Jr., Mount Union College 

Amanda Espenschied-Reilly, Mount Union College 

Overview: This presentation provides participants with the 

importance of incorporating public service and service learning 

into the undergraduate educational experience within the field of 

political science. 

Paper Service Learning and Government Agencies: Partnerships 

that Work 


Indianapolis 

Steven G. Jones, Indiana University Purdue University, 

Indianapolis 

Timothy M. Koponen, Indiana University Purdue University, 

Indianapolis 

Overview: This paper examines service learning partnerships with 

government agencies, highlighting the long-term benefits for both 

faculty members and the agencies. 

Disc. Steven Jones, Indiana University Purdue University, 

Indianapolis 

Tom Caiazzo, East Georgia College 

63-1 LATINO POLITICS IN THE MIDWEST 


Chair Chris Olds, Texas A&M University 

Paper Latinos in Illinois: What Explains their Participation? 

Julia Albarracin, Western Illinois University 

Overview: This paper analyzes the factors shaping participation 

among Latinos in Illinois. 

Paper The Role of the Spanish Media in Chicago Latino Political 

Organizing 

Antonio Rodriguez, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale 

Overview: The role of the Spanish language news media in the 

Chicago Latino Community was explored by conducting a series 

of interviews with Latino elected officials, Spanish language news 

media representatives and leaders in Latino Organizations. 

Paper Latino Cultural Assimilation, Divided Loyalties, and World 

Cup Television Ratings 

Brandon G. Valeriano, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Cynthia M. Mosqueda, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: We challenge the hypothesis that the choice of a 

person’s favored national team can measure cultural assimilation 

as a simplistic, naïve, and flat out wrong assumption for many 

reasons. 

Disc. Sylvia Manzano, Texas A&M University

64-101 ROUNDTABLE: SETTING AN AGENDA FOR THE 

SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF BUREAUCRATIC 

DECISION-MAKING WITHIN DEMOCRATIC 

SETTINGS 

Room Monroe, 6 th Floor, Fri at 12:45 pm 

Chair Daniel P. Carpenter, Harvard University 

Panelist Anthony M. Bertelli, University of Georgia 

John Brehm, University of Chicago 

Sean Gailmard, Northwestern University 

Lael R. Keiser, University of Missouri 

Michael M. Ting, Columbia University 

Andrew B. Whitford, University of Georgia 

Overview: This roundtable comprises of several leading scholars 

of public bureaucracy within the political science discipline who 

have earned their Ph.D. degrees since 1990. The aim of this 

roundtable is prospective – that is, roundtable participants will 

discuss areas of research, paradigms, approaches, and the like that 

public bureaucracy scholars have yet to tap, but should do so in 

future scholarship. 

Page | 169

Friday, April 13 – 2:35 pm – 4:10 pm 

1-109 ROUNDTABLE: PATHS TO POWER: ANALYZING 

THE CAREERS OF NANCY PELOSI AND 

HILLARY CLINTON (Co-sponsored with Gender and 



Chair Michele L. Swers, Georgetown University 

Panelist Kathryn Pearson, University of Minnesota 

Debra Dodson, Eagleton Institute 

Cindy Simon Rosenthal, University of Oklahoma 

Sarah Brewer, American University 

Overview: Scholars on this roundtable will discuss the leadership 

style and challenges faced by Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi 

(D-CA) and potential presidential candidate Senator Hillary 

Clinton (D-NY). 

2-8 EXPLAINING COOPERATION: EMPLOYERS, 

SOCIAL PACTS AND CORPORATISM 


Chair Patrick Bernhagen, University of Aberdeen 

Paper Policy by Contract: Social Pacts in Australia and New Zealand 

John S. Ahlquist, University of Washington 

Overview: I propose a model of union-government "social pacts", 

tested via the empirical puzzle of why Australia signed a pact in 

the 1980s while New Zealand did not. The discussion relies on 

over 40 interviews with key policy makers in both countries. 

Paper Redefining Corporatism: Functional Corporatism in Modern 

Nations 

Gina A. Del Priore-Loera, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Overview: Development of corporatism is assessed using a 

multinomial logistic model using data from eighty countries. 

Probability of developing a functional corporate state is dependent 

on historical/cultural experience, level of modernization, and 

social unrest. 

Paper Politics of Employer Coordination 

Alexander G. Kuo, Stanford University 

Overview: What explains the political organization of employers 

across countries? Sector characteristics and initial linkages 

between certain sectors and the state can account for variation in 

the roles of employer organizations across states. 

Paper The Political Origins of Coordinated Capitalism 

Cathie Jo Martin, Boston University 

Duane H. Swank, Marquette University 

Overview: This paper seeks to explain the causes of employer 

organization during the early decades of industrial capitalism. We 

argue that the electoral and party system and state structures shape 

the choices employers make about collective organization. 

Paper Supporting the "Varieties of Capitalism" with Partisan 

Equilibrium 

Brandon C. Zicha, SUNY, Binghamton 

Steve B. Lem, SUNY, Binghamton 

Overview: We argue that as larger blocs of voters have a stake in 

pro-welfare collective bargaining agreements, vote-seeking major 

right parties will become less traditionally “right” on issues that 

are of specific importance to collective bargainers. 

Disc. Patrick Bernhagen, University of Aberdeen 

3-7 ELECTIONS IN LATIN AMERICA 


Chair Mona M. Lyne, University of South Carolina 

Paper Political Knowledge and Political Attitudes and Behavior in 

Mexico 

Maria F. Boidi, Vanderbilt University 

Overview: This study explores the consequences of political 

knowledge for citizens’ participation in politics and for attitudes 

toward political tolerance and preference for democracy in 

Mexico. 

Paper Judicial Independence in Venezuela 

Lesley M. Burns, University of British Columbia 

Overview: This study explores the role the Venezuelan Supreme 

Court has played in the increased electoral representation of Hugo 

Chavez since 1998. 

Page | 170 

Paper Forging a New Social Contract? Bolivia's 2006 Constituent 

Assembly Election 

Miguel Centellas, Dickinson College 

Overview: This paper provides an analysis of the July 2006 

Bolivian constituent assembly election in historical political 

perspective, with particular attention to the country’s recent 

regional polarization. 

Paper Income, Ideology and Ticket Splitting Voting in Brazil 

Eduardo L. Leoni, Harvard University 

Overview: We combine roll call data and aggregate level electoral 

data to investigate the issue of split-ticketing voting in Brazil. 

Disc. Mona M. Lyne, University of South Carolina 

3-16 POLITICAL COMPETITION AND POLICY 

REFORM 


Chair Pedro J. Sanoja, Temple University 

Paper Redistributive Politics and the Poor 

Christian Ponce de Leon, University of Chicago 

Overview: This paper presents a formal model of redistributive 

taxation to represent the causal relation between political regimes 

in developing countries and their political capacity to implement 

poverty alleviation policies. Empirical evidence is provided. 

Paper The Political Economy of Poverty Alleviation: The Case of 

PROGRESA in Mexico 

Yuriko Takahashi, Cornell University 

Overview: Focusing on Mexico’s Program for Education, Health, 

and Nutrition (PROGRESA), this study examines whether the 

distribution in 2000 was used for electoral purposes, and if it did, 

what form the manipulation took under the neoliberal policy 

constraint. 

Paper The Politics of Dollar Scarcity in Latin America 

Daniela Campello, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: I analyze a sample of 89 elections during 25 years in 

order to check whether the need to attract foreign investment in 

periods of dollar scarcity contributes to explain a post electoral 

"move to the right" by progressive candidates in Latin America. 

Disc. Guillelrmo Trejo, Duke University 

Pedro J. Sanoja, Temple University 

4-8 NEW THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL 

APPROACHES TO TRANSITIONS TO 

DEMOCRACY 


Chair Hiroki Takeuchi, University of California, Los Angeles 

Paper Authoritarian Reversals and Democratic Consolidation 

Milan Svolik, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Overview: I investigate the determinants and the dynamics of 

authoritarian reversals and democratic consolidation. A novel 

estimation technique, a split-population model, is applied to data 

on authoritarian reversals. 

Paper Presidentialism, Parliamentarism, and the Stability of 

Democracy 

Taeko Hiroi, University of Texas, El Paso 

Sawa Omori, University of Tokyo 

Overview: Contrary to the conventional wisdom, we show that 

presidential regimes are not more susceptible to democratic 

breakdowns than parliamentary regimes. 

Paper Gambling on Reform 

Jay Ulfelder, Science Applications International Corp. (SAIC) 

Overview: Focused on the tensions between transaction costs, 

economic performance, and opportunity for political mobilization, 

this paper uses game theory to generate an alternative explanation 

for some expansions of civil liberties under authoritarian rule. 

Paper Power and Politics: Exit, Voice, and Loyalty Revisited 

Matthew R. Golder, Florida State University 

Sona N. Golder, Florida State University 

William R. Clark, University of Michigan 

Overview: We present a game-theoretic model in which we 

reformulate and extend Albert Hirschman's Exit, Voice, and 

Loyalty (EVL) argument to examine the role of power in the

elationship between states and their citizens. Our model reaffirms 

some of the ideas found. 

Paper State Change: Assessing The Impact Of Regime Transition On 

Democracy 

Gary A. Stradiotto, University of California, Davis 

Overview: Does the way that states transition from authoritarian 

rule impact democratic quality and longevity? 

Disc. Anibal Perez-Linan, University of Pittsburgh 

5-11 IMPACT OF INSTITUTIONS ON GOVERNMENT 

SPENDING 


Chair Daniela Iorio, University of Pennsylvania 

Paper With a Little Help from our Friends: Coalition Governments 

and Privatization 

Nancy E. Brune, University of Pennsylvania 

Jose A. Cheibub, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Overview: Using new datasets containing information on the 

composition of democratic governments in the world (Cheibub 

2005) and all privatization transactions (1980-2002)(Brune 2006), 

we examine the role of political institutions on privatization 

reforms. 

Paper Institutions and Government Expenditures 

Carlos E. Costa, Washington University, St. Louis 

Overview: This research looks at the impact of institutional 

arrangements on goverment growth. 

Paper The Political Economy of Transport Infrastructure Funds 

Andreas D. Kopp, OECD 

Overview: The paper shows in a formal model of voter, party and 

interest group interaction under which conditions the political 

process drives up the social costs of infrastructure provision and 

infrastructure funds provide benefits to voters. 

Paper Globalization, Domestic Political Institutions, and Welfare 

States 

Su-Hyun Lee, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 

Overview: This paper explores the relationship between 

globalization, domestic political institutions, and welfare 

spending. It analyzes how electoral systems and institutional veto 

points intermediate the effects of globalization on welfare states. 

Paper Decentralization and Globalization as Mediated by Political 

Competition 

Mikhail Filippov, Binghamton University 

Irina Busygina, MGIMO 

Overview: The paper argues that effect of globalization on 

decentralization is mediated by logic of political competition, thus, 

depends on political institutions. We estimate relationship between 

decentralization, globalization and institutional variables. 

Disc. Gunther M. Hega, Western Michigan University 

6-4 PARTISANSHIP AND POLITICAL CHOICE 


Chair Barry C. Burden, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Paper Explaining the Rise of Partisan Voting in Korea’s Local 

Elections 

Byung-Kwon Song, Seoul National University 

Overview: This study suggests and tests three hypotheses 

explaining the rise of partisan voting in Korea’s local elections. 

To test these hypotheses, this study will rely on survey data on 

Korea’s local, congressional and presidential elections. 

Paper Regime Change and Partisan Stability in Twentieth-Century 

Argentina 

Noam Lupu, Princeton University 

Susan C. Stokes, Yale University 

Overview: Using surveys and disaggregated ecological data over 

the sweep of a century, we show that democratic processes, when 

they are allowed to run their course, produce a growing stability in 

people’s electoral choices, a stability that erodes during 

authoritarian interludes. 

Paper Are Generational Effects Real? Political Generations and 

Electoral Choice in Korea 

Woojin Kang, Florida State University 

Sang-Jung Han, University of Michigan 

Overview: This paper examines first, whether political 

generational effects have existed in Korea and, second, whether 

these effects play a major role in voter choice in recent Korean 

elections. 

Paper The Political Economy of the Japanese Gender Gap 

Barry C. Burden, University of Wisconsin 

Overview: I test competing hypotheses about the sources of the 

gender gap in Japanese opinion toward political parties and 

leaders. The data shed light on hypotheses about the reactions of 

men and women to economic performance. 

Paper Political Parties, Partisanship and the Gender Gap 

Meredith Rolfe, University of Oxford 

Adrienne LeBas, Michigan State University 

Overview: In this paper, we use data from emerging democracies 

in Africa to argue that political leaders play a major role in 

creating and sustaining a gender gap in political attitudes. 

Disc. Cheng-Lung Wang, National University of Singapore 

7-9 THE DEMOCRATIC DEFICIT IN THE NEW 

EUROPE? 


Chair Bjorn Hoyland, University of Oslo 

Paper Raising Democracy? EU Membership, the Democratic Deficit 

and Rule by Decree? 

David Ellison, Grinnell College 

Overview: The paper questions the conventional view that the 

pursuit of EU membership has propelled democracy in Central 

and Eastern Europe. Based on a case study of Hungary, the paper 

argues that democracy remains under-developed. 

Paper The Future of the EU Trust in Social Institutions 

Katja E. Vermehren, University of Colorado 

Erin Mewhinney, University of Colorado 

Overview: The goal of this paper is to examine how the EU is 

“bringing the EU closer to its citizens.” Essentially, this is a 

question of political trust. Our research will examine whether 

different levels of knowledge with regard to the EU’s social 

agenda (particularly issues of crime, unemployment and 

integration of foreigners) have an effect on the level of citizen 

support for further political integration. 

Paper Shifting Focus: A Multi-level Model of the Democracy Deficit 

in the EU 

Robert Rohrschneider, Indiana University 

Matthew Loveless, Georgetown University 

Overview: This paper blends the shifting criteria that individuals 

in old and new member states use to evaluate the EU with 

increasingly comparative national institutional evaluations to 

provide a multi-level explanation for the democratic deficit. 

Paper Parties, the Public and the EU: Who Cares about the 

Democratic Deficit? 

Charlotte L. Ridge, University of Iowa 

Overview: One of the biggest issues in the forming of the 

European Union is democratic representation. I address how 

political party membership and beliefs about EU policies impact 

public opinion on the perception of a democratic deficit. 

Disc. Seth K. Jolly, University of Chicago 

Fiona C. Barker, Harvard University 

8-10 INDIGENOUS MOVEMENTS IN LATIN AMERICA 


Chair Gregg B. Johnson, SUNY, Buffalo 

Paper Nationalism in Latin American Indigenous Movements: 

Bolivia and Ecuador 

Eduardo Frajman, Saint Xavier University 

Overview: Although indigenous social movements in Latin 

America are known to pursue autonomy and rights for their 

members, once they have become part of broad national 

movements they have adopted nationalist stances that contradict 

their original goals. 

Page | 171

Paper Contesting Municipal Power: An Indigenous Group's 

Strategies in Bolivia 

Lisa Heaton, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: This study highlights how a Bolivian indigenous group 

is incrementally acquiring the requisite skills for understanding 

and utilizing current legislation to gain access to power over 

resources and decision-making processes at the municipal level. 

Paper Post-colonial Integration of Indo-Caribbeans in The 

Caribbean 

David H. Richards, Texas Lutheran University 

Overview: During the 1980s and 1990s, People of Indian Origin 

began to integrate the political landscape of Caribbean states. This 

study looks at factors that influenced this change of political 

behavior. 

Paper Popular Protest, Social Networks, and Environmental Conflict 

in Indigenous Chile 

Patricia M. Rodriguez, University of Notre Dame 

David V. Carruthers, San Diego State University 

Overview: This project chronicles both the promise and the 

limitations of social movement networks as tools of indigenous 

political voice, providing a vital test of the quality of democracy in 

Chile. 

Disc. Gregg B. Johnson, SUNY, Buffalo 

9-7 REFORM UNDER AUTHORITARIAN REGIMES 


Chair Jeffrey S. Payne, Indiana University Purdue University, 

Indianapolis 

Paper China's Role in North Korean Institutional Change and 

Economic Reform 

Mika Marumoto, Harvard-Yenching Institute 

Overview: When do authoritarian states “succeed” in economic 

reform? The paper examines North Korea’s switch from hostility 

to acquiescence in the Chinese model and explains North Korea’s 

divergence from the Chinese path. 

Paper Confronting Burma's Human Rights Violence with 

"Compassionate Forgiveness" 

Cindy L. Kleinmeyer, Northern Illinois University 

Overview: This paper argues that if Burma’s successor political 

elites aim to reconcile political peace and justice, a policy of 

“compassionate forgiveness”, rather than promoting 

reconciliation, could instead prompt a backlash from Burmese 

“spoiler” groups. 

Paper Economic Integration, Social Stability, and the Welfare 

System in Authoritarian China 

Yu Bin, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Overview: This paper explores the relationship between economic 

integration, social stability, and the welfare state in nondemocracies. 

It analyzes how social stability intermediates the 

effects of globalization on the welfare state in authoritarian China. 

Paper Learning Through Mistakes: Expanding China's Interactions 

with the International Economy 

Lawrence C. Reardon, University of New Hampshire 

Overview: The paper will analyze Chinese elite’s ability to learn 

from previous policy mistakes, resulting in two distinct views on 

implementing an outwardly-oriented development regime based 

on export promotion in the 1980s. 

Disc. Zhiyue Bo, St. John Fisher College 

10-3 ETHNICITY AND IDENTITY IN AFRICA 


Chair Emmanuel Uwalaka, St. Louis University 

Paper Who Riots? Individual Participation in Localized Ethnic 

Violence in Nigeria 

Alexandra L. Scacco, Columbia University 

Overview: This paper uses unique survey data from Nigeria and 

original data on local government characteristics for all 774 of 

Nigeria’s Local Government Areas to explore the determinants of 

individuals' willingness to participate in localized ethnic violence. 

Page | 172 

Paper Ethnic Politicization: A Comparative Study of Senegal and 

Côte d’Ivoire 

Shan J. Sappleton, University of Oklahoma 

Overview: The study addresses the questions of why is ethnicity 

more salient in some countries than others and the conditions 

under which ethnic politicization become an attrative political 

option for elites? 

Paper Ethnicity and Democratic Support in Africa 

Jason M. Wells, University of Missouri 

Overview: Does the extent of ethnic fragmentation at the nationallevel 

influence, either directly or indirectly through citizen's status 

a member of an ethnic majority or ethnic minority, perceptions 

and evaluations of democracy at the individual-level? 

Paper The African National Congress and the Production of 

Africaness 

Vincent Darracq, CEAN/French Institute of South Africa 

Overview: The Africanist discourse of the ANC has come back to 

the fore for a few years now. One wonders whether such a 

discourse is really coherent and reliable, whether it truly is a 

blueprint of ANC political ideas and public policies. 

Paper Tradition as a Shortcut: Information, Ethnicity, and the 

Media in Africa 

Jeffrey K. Krutz, Columbia University 

Overview: All voters use shortcuts to collect information. A 

common shortcut in Africa is use of traditional leaders as 

referents, contributing to communal voting. This paper examines 

how declines in information costs as new media arise affect 

communalism. 

Disc. Alexandra L. Scacco, Columbia University 

12-2 CANADIAN FEDERAL-PROVINCIAL RELATIONS 


Chair James T. McHugh, American University 

Paper Do Minority Governments Weaken Ottawa in Relation to the 

Provinces? 

Louis Massicotte, American University 

Overview: This paper provides a critical review of the argument 

that minority governments in Ottawa weaken the federal 

government in relation to the provinces. 

Paper Power Resources and Inequality in Canadian Provinces 

Michael Kellermann, Harvard University 

Overview: The power resources explanation for cross-national 

differences in income inequality emphasizes the role of labor 

unions and left party governments. This paper demonstrates that a 

similar empirical relationship exists within the Canadian 

provinces. 

Paper The Newfoundland and Labrador Strategic Social Plan: 

Governance Misconceived and Ill-Applied 

David Close, Memorial University 

Overview: Newfoundland's Strategic Social Plan (1998-2004) was 

to bring the voluntary sector (VS) into the policy process both to 

deliver services and plan policy but failed to do so. The likely 

causes were ill-designed structures and flawed views of the VS. 

Disc. Don Desserud, University of New Brunswick 

13-8 PULLING TOGETHER, PUSHING APART IN 

POST-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES 


Chair Philip J. Howe, Adrian College 

Paper The Cherished and The Abandoned: Public Opinion On City 

Rivalry in China 

Meimei Zhang, University of California, Santa Barbara 

Overview: This paper examines the psychological causes of 

relative deprivation belt by Chinese people between two pairs of 

rival cities. It uses data from Internet discussion to detect the 

reciprocal relationship between policy and public opinion in 

China. 

Paper Does Trust Explain Democracy? The Overarching Power of 

Trust in Ukraine 

Alexander H. Cohen, University of Iowa 

Vicki L Hesli, University of Iowa 

Overview: We argue that levels of trust have a powerful influence 

on important political outcomes. We explore the relationship

etween political and interpersonal trust and support for 

democratic values and institutions. 

Paper Hate Crimes and Hooliganism: Counteracting Identity 

Violence in Contemporary Russia? 

Michele L. Crumley, Mercyhurst College 

Overview: Discernable patterns related to hate crimes in Russia 

and Germany are analyzed in this paper. Specifically, the impact 

changes in the political environment, economic shifts, and 

prejudice within legal systems have on identity violence are 

analyzed. 

Paper Ethnic Competition and Trust in Post-Communist Europe 

David O. Rossbach, Texas A&M University 

Overview: This paper examines the effects of ethnicity and ethnic 

position in post-communist societies on generalized trust. The 

paper argues that ethnic "winners and losers" can be identified and 

that this distinction affects individual trust. 

Paper Deference to Authority and Support for Rights Protection in 

Russia 

Debra Javeline, University of Notre Dame 

Vanessa A. Baird, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Overview: We find that if and when authoritative institutions grant 

rights to minorities, a usually unpalatable characteristic, deference 

to authority, is significantly related to the potential to persuade the 

Russian public to support rights protection. 

Disc. Heather L. Tafel, Grand Valley State University 

Marie-Eve Reny, University of Toronto 

14-6 SOCIETAL PREFERENCES IN IPE 


Chair Angela J. O'Mahony, University of British Columbia 

Paper Inter-sectoral Labor Mobility, Inward FDI and Industry 

Lobbying in the U.S. 

Hak-Seon Lee, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Overview: This research investigates how a given sector’s level of 

labor mobility may affect the sector's lobbying efforts in the 

demand side of U.S. trade politics when other sectors receive 

foreign direct investment (FDI) and expand production. 

Paper Is Fair Trade Just Protectionism in Disguise? 

Sean D. Ehrlich, Florida State University 

Overview: This paper investigates new survey data from the 

United States to determine whether the factors that influence 

support for fair trade are the same as the factors that influence 

support for protectionism. 

Paper What Trumps? Trade Policy Preferences Under Conflicting 

Interests 

Yotam M. Margalit, Stanford University 

Judith Goldstein, Stanford University 

Overview: The paper studies the way in which individuals form 

attitudes on trade policy when trade has conflicting effects on 

them or within their household. Using original survey data, we test 

hypotheses about the hierarchy of people’s interests. 

Paper Do Firms Care about Exchange Rates? An Examination of 

Exchange-Rate Preferences 

Michael A. Pisa, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: Much of the recent political economy literature on 

exchange-rate policy is based on assumptions about firm 

preferences towards certain exchange-rate regimes. This paper 

uses World Bank firm survey data to test these assumptions. 

Disc. Angela J. O'Mahony, University of British Columbia 

15-8 DOMESTIC POLITICS AND MILITARY POLICY 


Chair Benjamin O. Fordham, Binghamton University 

Paper Are Private Military Companies Organic to Western 

Liberalism? 

Matthew C. Armstrong, University of Southern California 

Overview: Are private military companies the next stage in 

Western liberal democracy or are these new mercenaries 

appearing because of challenges to norms and international 

institutions that marginalized them 150 years ago? 

Paper Modeling Government Military Resource Allocation: 

Mercenaries or the Army? 

James A. Rydberg, University of Iowa 

Gail Buttorff, University of Iowa 

Overview: This paper formally models an actor’s choice between 

Private Military Companies and national troops. Both the model’s 

internal assumptions and predictions are empirically evaluated. 

Paper Death and Inequality in America's Wars 

Douglas L. Kriner, Boston University 

Francis X. Shen, Harvard University 

Overview: In a large-scale empirical analysis spanning WWII 

through Iraq, we analyze deceased soldier’s hometowns and find 

that starting with Korea, the less well-off parts of America have 

borne a greater portion of the human costs of America’s foreign 

wars. 

Paper Compulsion and Casualties: Electoral Rules, Voter Turnout 

and Conflict 

Benjamin Freeman, Texas A&M University 

Michael T. Koch, Texas A&M University 

Overview: Does it matter who votes in regards to democratic 

conflict behavior? We hypothesize that as participation increases 

states become less conflict prone, however, once engaged in 

conflict these same states are likely to incur greater casualties. 

Paper Battlefield Information and Domestic Actors 

Kristopher B. Grady, Michigan State University 

Overview: An original coding of battles is utilized to assess the 

possibility that certain segments of a state’s population evaluate 

battlefield information and subsequently apply political pressure 

upon the executive to modify war policies. 

Disc. Benjamin O. Fordham, Binghamton University 

16-6 TERRORISM AND ITS NETWORKS 


Chair Mariya Y. Omelicheva, Purdue University 

Paper Behind Extreme Actions: Institutional Survival vs. Gaining 

Operational Goals 

Kevin E. Grisham, Victor Valley College 

Masahiro Omae, University of California, Riverside 

Overview: Terrorist activities are often as seen as gaining a 

defined operational goal. Yet, terrorist groups -- under given 

conditions -- may use these actions to maintain their core 

membership. This study will examine these conditions. 

Paper The Strategy of Terror: Conditions for Conflict and Peace 

Joshua C. Walton, Claremont Graduate University 

Kristin Johnson, Claremont Graduate University 

Overview: We analyze a generalized game-theoretic model of the 

terror group-adversary government interaction focusing on the 

resources used to fight and the political benefits being fought over, 

then empirically test the general results of the model. 

Paper Reputation Formation and Network Centrality: A Dynamic 

Evaluation of Southeast Asian Terror Networks 

Dominick E. Wright, University of Michigan 

Justin Magouirk, University of Michigan 

Overview: The paper addresses a possible underlying cause of 

endogenous leadership formation in apparently resilient terror 

networks. 

Paper Harmony and Disharmony: Exploiting Al-Qaeda's 

Organizational Vulnerabilities 

Jeff G. Bramlett, United States Military Academy 

Brian Fishman, United States Military Academy 

Lianne Kennedy, United States Military Academy 

Jacob Shapiro, Stanford University 

Joseph Felter, United States Military Academy 

Jarret Brachman, United States Military Academy 

Overview: This paper studies the inherent vulnerabilities in al- 

Qaeda and the global Salafist-Jihadist movement drawing on 

historical lessons, organizational theory, and dozens of captured 

and recently declassified documents. 

Page | 173

Paper Predictors of Suicide Terrorism: An Empirical Study 

James A. Piazza, University of North Carolina, Charlotte 

Overview: This study empirically tests recent hypotheses about 

the causes of suicide terrorism. It finds no empirical support for 

two key assertions by Pape (2005): that suicide terrorism targets 

occupying democratic states and is a tactic used by groups. 

Disc. Jacob F. English, InterMedia: Global Research 

Jordan M. Miller, University of Michigan, Ypsilanti 

16-10 THEORIES OF STATE FORMATION, FAILURE, 

AND WAR 


Chair Dan Lindley, University of Notre Dame 

Paper The Geopolitics of State Failure 

Dylan Craig, American University 

Overview: An examination of the interplay between geopolitical 

realities and various forms of state failure. 

Paper A Bellicose Theory of State Formation in the Developing 

World 

Ariel I. Ahram, Georgetown University 

Overview: This article reformulates the hypothesis that warmaking 

led to state-making and explains in detail how the external 

security environment influences the process of state formation in 

the developing world. 

Paper Do Balanced and Unbalanced Multipolarities Matter to the 

Causes of War? 

Wanfa Zhang, University of Alabama 

Overview: This is an empirical test of Mearsheimer’s “offensive 

realism” proposed in his book The Tragedy. Though he discusses 

only wars among great powers, this research will test conflicts 

among dyads of different combinations at different intensity 

levels. 

Paper Great Power Casualty Tolerance and Grand International 

Transformations 

Paul Vasquez, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: I arque that great power casualty tolerance transformed 

international relations during the last century via the creation of 

the bipolar international system at the end of WW II, the dawn of 

the nuclear age, and the end of Cold War bipolarity. 

Disc. Brock F. Tessman, University of Georgia 

17-2 DOMESTIC POLITICS AND INTERNATIONAL 

CONFLICT 


Chair Brian Lai, University of Iowa 

Paper When Does the Dog Get Wagged? An Ideologically-Tempered 

Theory of Conflict 

Laron K. Williams, Texas A&M University 

Overview: I argue that partisanship is channeled into conflict 

propensity through two mechanisms: first, by altering the public’s 

perception of leader competence, and second, by determining 

which foreign policies various constituencies support. 

Paper Resource Scarcity and Domestic Institutions: Explaining the 

Relationship 

Stephen C. Nemeth, University of Iowa 

Overview: Few have examined the interaction between the 

characteristics of resources and the environments in which 

resource conflicts occur. I show how domestic institutions and 

economic conditions affect states’ strategies for securing access to 

resources. 

Paper ‘Short-circuiting’ the Legislature: Institutions and Conflict 

Behavior 

Gaye B. Muderrisoglu, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 

Overview: This paper takes a new angle on resolving territorial 

disputes. I hypothesize that certain electoral systems will be more 

susceptible to populist demands making obtaining of majority 

standing the legislature a contest. 

Paper Informed Decisions and War: How the Institutional Structure 

of Governments Shapes Their Behavior Regarding Threats 

and War 

Wayne A. Thornton, Harvard University 

Overview: This paper presents a new methodology for 

characterizing political regime types, and applies it to analze how 

Page | 174 

the institutional structure of governments shapes their behavior 

regarding threats and war. 

Paper When Are Friends Unreliable?: Unilateral Withdrawal from 

Coalition Forces 

Atsushi Tago, University of Tokyo 

Overview: Previous studies have tested alliance reliability in terms 

of likelihood of third-party intervention. I propose a new research 

strategy to answer the question by analyzing the timing of 

unilateral exit from a coalition of forces. 

Disc. Robert F. Trager, University of California, Los Angeles 


17-9 CIVIL WAR -- TERMINATION AND PEACE 


Chair David E. Schmitt, Northeastern University 

Paper Rebel Power and Commitment Problems in Civil Conflicts 

Stephen E. Gent, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Overview: This paper examines the conditions under which 

governments and rebel groups will be willing to make credible 

peace agreements to end civil wars. 

Paper When the Fighting Stops: State Concessions and the End of 

Civil Wars 

Frank D. Vaughan, West Virginia State University 

Overview: Civil wars between 1945 and 1997 are examined to 

determine the factors that influence state concessions in those 

wars that end in a negotiated settlement. A theoretical explanation 

is developed from existing literature and inductive analysis. 

Paper Civil War and the Fates of Factions: Effects on Peace 

Duration 

Caroline A. Hartzell, Gettysburg College 

Overview: This paper uses a new data set on factions that fight in 

civil wars to test the claim that military victories make for a more 

enduring post-civil war peace by destroying the organizational 

identity of the factions that fight, and lose, in civil wars. 

Paper Non-Random Selection of Civil Wars and the Duration of 

Post-Conflict Peace 

Lena M. Schaffer, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) 

Overview: We theoretically develop and empirically test a 

selection duration model of domestic political institutions, civil 

war, and the endurance of post-conflict peace. 

Disc. Shanna A. Kirschner, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 

18-6 SECURITY AND ECONOMICS IN FOREIGN 

POLICY 


Chair Julie M. Bunck, University of Louisville 

Paper How States Decide on Unilateral and Multilateral Sanctions 

Lucie Spanihelova, Binghamton University 

Overview: This paper argues that states seek international support 

when the expected cost of a sanction exceeds the cost of 

cooperation. When sender demands increase the target’s cost of 

compliance states choose multilateral instead of unilateral 

sanction. 

Paper The Macropolitics of Anti-Americanism: Political and 

Economic Implications for the United States 

Monti N. Datta, University of California, Davis 

Overview: To what extent does it matter if the world loves or 

hates America? In this paper, I test several hypotheses that assess 

the extent to which anti-Americanism may be predictive of 

political and economic outcomes deleterious to the US national 

interest. 

Paper Security Strategy: An Analysis of Weak States Foreign Policy 

Xinwu Zhou, University of New Orleans 

Overview: Security has always been the main concern of weak 

states due to their limited military and economic capability. This 

defines their foreign policy to be defensive. The enforcement of 

this defensive foreign policy can be attained by different foreign 

policy

Paper EUs "Power of Attraction" and Relations with the U.S.: A 

Glance to the Future 

Kseniya M. Khovanova, Ashburn Institute and University of 

Illinois, Chicago 

Overview: The study addresses the complexity of the 

contemporary challenges of the U.S.-European relationship by 

analyzing the key areas of today’s transatlantic tensions and 

proposes possible scenarios for the future transatlantic relations. 

Disc. Donald D. A. Schaefer, Tulane University 

Julie M. Bunck, University of Louisville 

19-7 REGIONAL INTEGRATION IN EUROPE AND 

ELSEWHERE 


Chair Pamela Blackmon, Valparaiso University 

Paper Uncertainty and Gradualism in International Union 

Formation 

Nikitas Konstantinidis, Princeton University 

Overview: We present a coalition-formation model with 

uncertainty about the benefits of integration to explain piece-meal 

EU enlargement. Gradualism may thus be viewed as policy 

experimentation helping countries discover the real value of 

integration. 

Paper Discriminatory Membership and the Redistribution of 

Enlargement Gains 

Thomas Plümper, University of Essex 

Christina J. Schneider, Max Planck Institute 

Overview: The paper suggests a rational explanation of EU 

enlargement based on the re-distribution of enlargement gains 

through temporary discrimination of new members. 

Paper Do State Interests Explain Bargaining Outcomes in the EU? 

Dana Adriana Puia, University of Pittsburgh 

Overview: By investigating how states bargain within the 

European Union and to what extent they follow the negotiation 

rules, one can understand how institutions sustain cooperation 

when states follow a logic of consequences or a logic of 

appropriateness. 

Paper Understanding IOs’ Political Membership Conditionality: The 

Case of the EU 

Beken Saatcioglu, University of Virginia 

Overview: This paper uses content analysis and process tracing to 

investigate the link between the EU’s post-1993 political 

accession conditionality and compliance with the Copenhagen 

political criteria. It studies the cases of Poland, Romania and 

Turkey. 

Disc. Ethan J. Hollander, University of California, San Diego 

Pamela Blackmon, Valparaiso University 

21-10 POLITICAL SOPHISTICATION AND AWARENESS 


Chair Jamie N. Druckman, Northwestern University 

Paper Should Voters Be Encyclopedias? Measuring the Relative 

Performance of Sophistication Indicators 

Christopher N. Lawrence, Saint Louis University 

Overview: An investigation of the relative performance of 

knowledge-based and problem-solving measures of political 

sophistication among voters. 

Paper Total Recall: The Influence of Campaign Contact on Vote 

Accessibility 

Rolfe D. Peterson, University of California, Davis 

Overview: Using response latency data, this paper examines the 

effect campaign contact has on accessibility of vote-related survey 

items. The findings are indicative of the subtle effects campaigns 

have on how people think about politics. 

Paper Does Direct Mail Persuade Voters? A Field Experiment 

Daniel Rubenson, Ryerson University 

Peter John Loewen, Univesite de Montreal 

Overview: We present results of a field experiment on the effects 

of direct mail in a political party leadership election. We 

manipulate the volume of direct mail sent by two campaigns and 

test for differences using a survey of members. 

Paper Motivating Sources of Political Awareness: Do Personal 

Stakes Matter? 

Toby W. Bolsen, Northwestern University 

Overview: Does self-interest play a role in determining the 

political issues to which citizens attend? This study examines the 

relationship between self-interest and political awareness by 

testing variation in attention to issues as a function of materialinterests. 

Disc. Julia Rabinovich, Northwestern University 

Jamie N. Druckman, Northwestern University 


LEADERSHIP 


Presenter Survey Structure, Measurement Effects, and the Evaluation of 

Party Leaders 

Amanda J. Bittner, University of British Columbia 

Overview: Do leaders matter in election outcomes? Why do 

certain traits matter in some circumstances and not others? This 

paper examines the impact of differences in national election 

study survey structure on the nature of respondents’ evaluations of 

leaders. 

Presenter The Impact of Leaders on Party Support: The Importance of 

Contextual Effects 

Georgios Xezonakis, University of Essex 

Overview: The paper explores the conditionality of leadership 

effects. The main research question is whether the effect that the 

leader has on party support is conditional upon perceptions of 

ideological distance between the main competitors for office. 

22-202 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: GUBERNATORIAL 

ELECTIONS 


Presenter Gubernatorial Approval and Strategic Entry 

Adam R. Brown, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: Using a newly available monthly series of 

gubernatorial approval data, I explore whether the observed 

correlation between gubernatorial election outcomes and national 

partisan swings can be attributed to strategic entry by electoral 

challengers. 

Presenter State and National Forces in Forecasting the 2006 

Gubernatorial Elections 

Jay A. DeSart, Utah Valley State College 

Overview: An analysis of the performance of a election forecast 

model in predicting the outcomes of the 2006 gubernatorial 

elections. The model utilizes three main variables: September 

polls, historical election data and third quarter Presidential 

approval. 

23-12 CAMPAIGN EFFECTS AND TARGETING VOTERS 

(Co-sponsored with Voting Behavior, see 22-19) 


Chair Donald Green, Yale University 

Paper Campaign Microtargeting and Presidential Voting in 2004 

Sunshine Hillygus, Harvard University 

Quin Monson, Brigham Young University 

Overview: Using the 2004 Campaign Communications Survey 

(CCS), a unique sample of campaign communications collected 

and reported by a national sample of registered voters in the 

closing weeks of the 2004 campaign, we examine the nature and 

influence of ground war . 

Paper Forget Me Not? The Importance of Timing and Frequency in 

Voter Mobilization 

David W. Nickerson, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: The timing and frequency of voter mobilization 

activities were randomly varied during the 2005 Virginia 

gubernatorial election to detect the decay of campaign contact and 

possible ceiling effects. 

Page | 175

Paper Prediction Markets, Volatility, and Campaign Events in the 

2004 Election 

Jill Rickershauser, Duke University 

Overview: How can we test which campaign events matter? 

Using price and volatility data from a political prediction market, I 

develop a model of information effects that identifies which 

events of the 2004 were actually consequential. 

Paper Campaigning Where the Ducks Are: Targeting of Campaigns 

in U.S. Elections 

Joel D. Rivlin, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: This paper describes and explains patterns of targeting 

by electoral campaigns, and discusses the possible implications of 

these activities on the electorate and future targeting decisions. 

Paper The Effect of Presidential Ads on the National Electorate 

David W. Romero, University of Texas, San Antonio 

Overview: This paper examines the effect presidential campaign 

ads have on the national electorate’s information and its vote 

(1952-2000). 

Disc. Brian Arbour, University of Texas, Austin 

24-6 ELECTORAL PROCEDURE AND ITS 

CONSEQUENCES 


Chair Indridi H. Indridason, University of Iceland 

Paper The Electoral Fallacy Revisited: A Comparative Analysis of 

Election Quality 

Erik S. Herron, University of Kansas 

Overview: This study assesses various approaches to identifying 

fraudulent election results using precinct-level data from several 

countries. 

Paper A New Game in Town: Rules Changes and Voting in an Open 

Primary 

Arnold Fleischmann, University of Georgia 

Damon Cann, University of Georgia 

Ellen M. Key, University of Georgia 

Overview: This paper uses individual-level data in a model to 

predict the conditions under which a voter will choose a 

Republican or Democratic ballot in an open primary system, 

including after a law changed some offices to nonpartisan. 

Paper Electronic Voting and Elections: Evaluating Optical Scan and 

Digital Ballots 


Gregory Vonnahme, Rice University 

Overview: This study looks at the effects of different methods of 

voting on the effective administration of elections including voter 

service times, rates of under and over voting, and individuals' 

personal evaluation of different voting technologies. 

Paper A Preferential and Proportional System Without 

Geographical Divisions 

Stéphane Rouillon, Tecsult Inc. 

Overview: This system uses equivalent samples of the population 

to provide a non-discriminatory definition of districts, keeps 

independant candidatures, alleviates votes-splitting in favor of a 

common philosophy and guarantees at least a two-parties 

coalition. 

Disc. Stephen D. Fisher, University of Oxford 

25-201 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: NATIONALISM AND 

INTOLERANCE 


Presenter Pride and Prejudice: Resurgent Nationalism and Its 

Consequences for Multiethnic Democracies 

Kathleen M. Dowley, SUNY, New Paltz 

Brian D. Silver, Michigan State University 

Overview: This paper re-examines the claims of earlier research 

from the 1990s that nationalism and national identity are in 

decline in the west, especially in light of "war on terror." Types 

and levels of expressed national pride are examined among 

majority population. 

Page | 176 

Presenter Religion, Fundamentalism, and Political Intolerance 

Lilliana H. Mason, Stony Brook University 

Stanley Feldman, Stony Brook University 

Overview: A number of empirical studies of political intolerance 

have found evidence of a relationship between religion and 

intolerance. This paper argues that religious fundamentalism is the 

primary religious correlate of political intolerance. 

26-8 THE EFFECTS OF VOTING LAWS ON VOTER 

PARTICIPATION 


Chair Michael Crespin, University of Georgia 

Paper Not the If but the How of Vote Procedure Changes and their 

Effect on Voter Turnout: An Elite or Mass Based Causal 

Process? 

JulieMarie A. Shepherd, University of Colorado 

Eric Gonzalez Juneke, University of Colorado 

Overview: This study seeks to evaluate the recent shift from 

traditional precinct voting to centralized vote centers in Denver 

and Mesa counties in Colorado and how elites (candidates and 

parties) utilize centers to their advantage (generating turnout). 

Paper Early Voting in the 2000 and 2004 Presidential Elections 

James M. Siira, Louisiana State University 

Overview: In this individual level research I use a multinomial 

logit model to explore the differences between early voters, 

Election Day voters and non-voters using a national representative 

data set in 2000 and 2004. 

Paper Overseas Voter Disenfranchisement: 2006 Post Election 

Survey Results 

Susan T. Dzieduszycka-Suinat, Overseas Vote Foundation 

Overview: Has awareness of the key role of overseas voters led to 

growing participation and decreased rates of disenfranchisement? 

Overseas Vote Foundation's 2006 survey results will provide 

comparisons with 2004 trends in overseas voter participation. 

Paper Race, Gender and the Costs of Voting: Predicting Turnout for 

Blacks, Latinos and Women 


Daniel Bowen, University of Iowa 

Bridgett King, Kent University 

Overview: Race, Gender and the Costs of Voting: Predicting 

Turnout for Blacks, Latinos and Women 

Disc. Melissa Miller, Bowling Green State University 

Ryan Claassen, Kent State University 

26-201 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: CIVIC 

ENGAGEMENT AND CITIZEN PARTICIPATION 


Presenter Communication and Citizen Participation 

Georgette E. Dumont, Northern Illinois University 

Overview: The call for increased citizen participation, while 

admirable, does face obstacles. This paper will discuss how 

communication and polarization can impact the successfulness of 

an increase in citizen participation. 

Presenter Civic Engagement Activities and the Political Attitudes of 

College Students 

Theresa L. Johnson, University of Wisconsin, Green Bay 

Overview: This research builds upon the work of scholars and 

fellow colleagues Furlong & Scheberle (Midwest Political Science 

Association Conference, 2005). They sought to determine 

whether college students taking introductory political science 

courses were more civic minded. 

28-5 THE IMPACT OF DESCRIPTIVE 

REPRESENTATION ON VOTERS 


Chair Jennifer L. Lawless, Brown University 

Paper Gendered Trust: Intersecting Descriptive Representation and 

Political Trust 

Valerie M. Hennings, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: Does having a female elected representative influence 

the trust women have in government? This paper explores the role

of gender in the intersection of descriptive representation and 

governmental trust using survey data and personal interviews. 

Paper The Link between Substantive and Symbolic Representation 

Sarah R. Neal, Loyola University, Chicago 

Overview: This paper uses pooled NES data to test the hypothesis 

that increased visibility of women will close the gender gap in 

knowledge and participation over time. 

Paper Gendered Identity Cues and the Gender Gap 

Corrine M. McConnaughy, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: This paper investigates the question of the "gender 

gap" - gen der differences in political preferences - by examining 

how communication from political elites can create and shape 

political preferences through appeals to gender-specific identities. 

Paper Descriptive Representation and Political Behavior: Dealing 

with Endogeneity 

Katherine W. Drake, University of Michigan 

Overview: I use NES panel data to re-examine the effect of 

descriptive representation on citizens’ political attitudes and 

behavior, accounting for the problem of endogeneity. 

Disc. Jennifer C. Lucas, St. Anselm's College 

Jennifer L. Lawless, Brown University 

29-21 MULTIPLE PERSPECTIVES AND APPROACHES 

TO RACIAL POLITICS (Co-sponsored with Gender 

and Politics, see 28-15) 


Chair Dara Z. Strolovitch, University of Minnesota 

Paper Black Women in Politics: A Retrospective View and a 

Projection Towards 2008 

Tracy D. Snipe, Wright State University 

Overview: This paper will present a historical overview of some 

of the pioneering black female political leaders and icons of the 

twentieth century such as the late Shirley Chisolm and Barbara 

Jordan and assess the future political prospects of individuals like 

Condeliza Rice. 

Paper Third World Feminism in America: Gendered Nationalism 

and Korean-American Women 

Soo-Bin You, Rutgers University 

Overview: My paper explores the complexity of Korean-American 

women’s c ultural identities and gendered nationalism in the 

diaspora. Korean-American women are represented by the 

situation that shows the most remarkable conflict between 

allegedly universal (western) women. 

Paper A Never Ending Job: Teaching From Multiple Perspectives 

Mildred M. Pearson, Eastern Illinois University 

Overview: Learning to teach is never easy, despite some popular 

myths to the contrary. Figuring out how to do it is a challenge for 

all who join the profession, as well as for those who guide them in 

this effort. A never ending job. 

Paper Are They Still Hot?: Utilizing Feeling Thermometers as Part 

of the Answer 

Paul G. Gottemoller, Southern Illinois University 

Randolph Burnside, Southern Illinois University 

Overview: By utilizing anchoring vignettes, feeling thermometers 

can now have fixed ordinal values and can be used for 

interpersonal comparisons. We utilize this technique to develop 

measures of feelings towards blacks, whites, and homosexuals by 

respondents. 

Disc. Shayla C. Nunnally, University of Connecticut 

Dara Z. Strolovitch, University of Minnesota 

29-101 AUTHOR MEETS CRITICS: MARK SAWYER'S 

RACIAL POLITICS IN POST-REVOLUTIONARY 

CUBA 

Room Adams, 6 th Floor, Fri at 2:35 pm 

Chair Janelle Wong, University of Southern California 

Panelist Mark Sawyer, University of California, Los Angeles 

Melissa Harris-Lacewell, Princeton University 

Phillip Klinkner, Hamilton College 

Lester Spence, John Hopkins University 

Paul Frymer, University of California, Santa Clara 

Merle Bowen, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Overview: Mark Sawyer discusses his book “Racial Politics in 

Post-Revolutionary Cuba”. Scholars representing several fields 

comment on the book’s contribution and offer candid criticisms. 

32-8 NIETZCHE 


Chair Xavier Marquez, University of Notre Dame 

Paper Epic Spirituality and Reconciliation in Nietzsche's Philosophy 

Roberto Alejandro, University of Massachusetts 

Overview: In this paper I spell out Nietzsche’s epic spirituality 

and examine the issue of how different strands of his thought 

merge in a philosophy of reconciliation that he anticipated in 

Human (1878) and later defended in The Anti-Christ and Ecce 

Homo (1888). 

Paper Heroes and Fools: The Idea of Responsibility in Nietzsche and 

Arendt 

Onur Bakiner, Yale University 

Overview: This paper examines the concept of responsibility in 

the works of Nietzsche and Arendt. While Nietzsche's account 

fails to understand the nature of political responsibility, Arendtian 

judgment offers a successful corrective. 

Paper Nietzsche and Individuality 

Jeffrey Church, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: I examine the following puzzle in Nietzsche’s thought: 

the "individual is our last and greatest abstraction," yet Nietzsche's 

revaluation of values requires a concept of the “individual,” 

especially in the form of the “overman.” 

Paper Friedrich Nietzsche on Courage and Nobility 

John F. Ryan, Bates College 

Overview: Through an analysis of Nietzsche’s major works this 

research explores his views on courage and nobility, including 

their relationship to morality (past, present, future), philosophy 

(including its future) and philosophers (past, present, and future). 

Paper Nietzsche's Image of the Political Philosopher 

William H. Winstead, George Washington University 

Overview: Nietzsche's critiques of traditional political forms has 

led to the view that his work is unpolitical. I argue instead that 

Nietzsche offers one of the most radical and important 

reconceptualizations of political philosophy and politics since 

Plato. 

Disc. Juan G. Gomez Albarello, Illinois Wesleyan University 

33-6 SPEECH AND SILENCE: THE LIMITS OF PUBLIC 

DISCOU RSE 


Chair Keith Topper, Northwestern University 

Paper Are We Ready? Assessing the Preconditions for Deliberative 

Democracy 

Zsuzsanna Chappell, London School of Economics 

Overview: This paper examines whether the individual, social and 

institutional preconditions for deliberative democracy are present 

to a sufficient degree in current liberal democracies to allow us to 

pursue deliberative reforms. 

Paper Crossing Disciplinary Boundaries and Theorizing Silence 

Vince Jungkunz, Ohio University 

Overview: This paper goes beyond the boundaries of political 

theory in order to examine the ways in which silence might be a 

form of political resistance. Literary theory will help illuminate 

how silence is one among many forms of communication. 

Paper A Critical Theory of Academic Freedom 

Eli L. Meyerhoff, University of Minnesota 

Overview: A new justification of academic freedom is developed 

as an ideal of academic practice that links disciplinary norms and 

the public good via Habermas’s discourse ethics, integrated with 

Bourdieu’s sociology for reflexivity about its limits. 

Page | 177

Paper Difference in the Rhetorical Public Sphere 

Jeff Motter, Indiana University, Bloomington 

Melanie Loehwing, Indiana University, Bloomington 

Overview: This paper argues that inflecting conceptions of the 

public sphere rhetorically realigns previous understandings by 

demonstrating the public sphere’s reliance on difference. 

Disc. Keith Topper, Northwestern University 

33-22 NATURE, SCIENCE, AND TECHNOLOGY 


Chair Jonathan McKenzie, Purdue University 

Paper Ethics of the Mundane: Cognitive Science and Cultivating 

Moral Character 

Christian D. Dean, Dominican University of California 

Overview: Cognitive science suggests that teleological ethical 

theories are more plausible than deontological ethical theories. A 

Heideggerian phenomenology of moral character development 

resonates with these findings, supporting an ethics of the 

mundane. 

Paper The Sanctity of Life, Moral Responsibility, and Human 

Therapeutic Cloning 

Jeffrey Alan Johnson, Cameron University 

Overview: This paper argues against proposed bans on human 

therapeutic cloning. Arguing for the preservation of biographical 

over biological and metaphysical life, the paper shows that such 

research ought to be pursued even if human embryos are 

destroyed. 

Paper Politics, Nature and Food 

Maya Joseph, New School for Social Research 

Overview: Is it possible to examine the relationship of politics to 

nature through food? This paper will question the role that politics 

plays in shaping nature by examining how American food is 

farmed, produced, regulated, and consumed. 

Paper The Moral and Political Implications of an Undisturbed 

Natural Lottery 

Anja J. Karnein, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: Many scholars, in particular those who oppose the new 

technologies that seek to change the genetic constitution of 

embryos, claim that there is something essential about human 

nature that is worth preserving. I examine this premise in more 

detail. 

Paper From Bio-power to Neuropolitics: Stepping Beyond Foucault 

Ivelin Sardamov, American University in Bulgaria 

Overview: According to Foucault, the imperatives of power are 

internalized by individuals who become tied to a particular 

identity. This process can be seen as a form of “neuropolitics” 

through which social and power relations become ingrained in 

human brains. 

Disc. Jonathan McKenzie, Purdue University 

34-13 POLITICAL TRANSITIONS 


Chair Elizabeth M. Penn, Harvard University 

Paper Opposition to Reforms: Why Not Undermine It? 

Birol Baskan, SUNY, Fredonia 

Overview: Reforms face different fates. Some succeed, some fail. 

The success of opposition sorts the two. Why can reformers 

undermine the opposition in some cases, but not in others? This 

paper addresses this question through state building reforms. 

Paper Ruling-Party Institutionalization and Autocratic Success 

Scott Gehlbach, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: I argue that institutionalized ruling parties can provide 

a mechanism for autocrats to make credible commitments to 

investors, and derive conditions for autocrats to want to create 

such parties. 

Paper Human Rights, Repression, and the Emergence of Rebel 

Movements 

Alejandro Quiroz Flores, New York University 

Overview: Why do some political movements rebel and fight the 

government? This paper presents several hypotheses and carries 

out an empirical test of the relationship between concessions and 

repression, and the emergence of rebel movements. 

Page | 178 

Paper The Origin of Elections: An Economic Explanation 

Krishna Ladha, University of Mississippi 

Overview: This paper presents a game-theoretic model to establish 

why we have elections in the practice of democracy. Elections 

emerge under the threat of civil war between contending factions. 

The model is substantiated with the case of the maiden 

democracy. 

Disc. Elizabeth M. Penn, Harvard University 

35-14 METHOD ACROSS CONTEXTS 


Chair Zachary Elkins, University of Illinois 

Paper Assessing Comparability in Cross-National Survey Research 

Zachary Elkins, University of Illinois 


Overview: We describe forms of non-equivalence in survey 

research across contexts and evaluate methods to assess such nonequivalence. 

Paper Contextualized Comparison: Challenges and Solutions in 

Comparative Research 

David Collier, University of California, Berkeley 

Diana Kapiszewski, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: This paper draws on new perspectives on concept 

analysis and validity assessment to suggest how meaningfully 

contextualized comparison can be achieved, without giving up 

broader analytic goals. 

Paper On the Meaning and Measurement of National Identity 

Christopher Parker, University of California, Berkeley 

Derek Stafford, University of Michigan 

Overview: This paper explores the assumption that national 

identity is measured without error. We argue that race affects the 

measurement of national identity and, therefore, its meaning. 

Disc. Jonathan Wand, Stanford University 

36-101 ROUNDTABLE: THE IMPLICATIONS OF THE 

BROADCAST FLAG ON MEDIA IN TEACHING 

AND RESEARCH 


Chair Amy E. Jasperson, University of Texas, San Antonio 

Panelists Jonathan Band, American Library Association 

Robert Samors, NASULGC 

Miriam Nisbet, American Library Association 

Alex Curtis, Public Knowledge 

Randy Picker, University of Chicago 

Overview: This roundtable aims to inform the discipline about 

potential widespread reforms and regulations surrounding 

developments in technology and the future use of media in 

teaching and research. 

37-6 AMERICAN PARTIES AND ISSUE POLITICS 


Chair Peter W. Wielhouwer, Western Michigan University 

Paper Parenthood, Family, and the Political Parties, 1952-2004 

Laurel Elder, Hartwick College 

Steven Greene, North Carolina State University 

Overview: In this paper we explore the extent to which, and how, 

the parties have talked about parents and families over the past 52 

years by analyzing party platforms, presidential nomination 

acceptance speeches, and state of the union addresses. 

Paper Partners in Crime? Issue Ownership Reconsidered 

Paul Parker, Truman State University 

Overview: A study of law and order in party platforms and NES 

data 1960-2004 traces the development of crime as a salient issue, 

and the arc of its “ownership.” Issue ownership is more fluid than 

much of the literature has recognized. 

Paper Issue-Competition, Issue-Ownership and Political Parties 

Peter B. Mortensen, Universityof Aarhus 

Christoffer Green-Pedersen, University of Aarhus 

Overview: Inspired by literature on issue-ownership and issuevoting 

this paper examines whether political parties systematically 

emphasize their owned issues and under what circumstances they 

succeed to make the other political parties address these issues.

Paper Dual Defection: Liberating Party Factions in American 

Politics 

Brian Anderson, Mississippi University for Women 

Overview: Left and right factional parties can promote "values" 

issues, leaving economics to the Democrats and Republicans--and 

increasing party responsibility. Defection of legislators may avoid 

electoral barriers to minor party success. 

Paper Do Words Still Matter? Platforms and ideological Change in 

American Political Parties 

Stephen M. Engel, Yale University 

Julia Azari, Yale University 

Overview: We assess the extent party platforms are used to justify 

ideological shifts in American parties. We build a theory by 

investigating elite communications with reference to ideological 

change within the Republican party of the 20 th century. 

Disc. Eric D. Russell, Ohio State University 

Holly Brasher, University of Alabama, Birmingham 

38-14 THE POLITICS OF PRESIDENTIAL EXECUTIVE 

APPOINTMENTS 


Chair James D. King, University of Wyoming 

Paper A Tradeoff Model of the Presidential Appointment Calculus: 

From the Court of St. James to Burkina Faso 

Richard W. Waterman, University of Kentucky 

John G. Bretting, University of Texas, El Paso 

Joseph Stewart, Jr., Clemson University 

Overview: A Tradeoff Model of the Presidential Appointment 

Calculus: From the Court of St. James to Burkina Faso. 

Paper Politicizing Priority Departments: Presidential Policy 

Priorities and Subcabinet Nominations 

Kevin Parsneau, University of Minnesota 

Overview: This study examines the presidential choices of 

subcabinet nominees between 1961 and 2000 to examine how 

presidential policy priorities drive efforts to promote bureaucratic 

responsiveness and competence within the cabinet departments. 

Paper Patronage, Policy, and Politics in Modern Presidential 

Appointments 


Overview: This paper explains politicization of appointments by 

disentangling politicization due to patronage and to achieve policy 

change. Analyses show that perceptions of agency ideology 

influence presidential politicization decisions in predictable ways. 

Paper The Impact of Statutory Partisan Requirements on 

Regulatory Policy 

Daniel E. Ho, Stanford University 

Overview: Using a hierarchical ideal point model, this paper 

studies how congressional partisan requirements, limiting the 

number of commissioners of the same party, affect substantive 

policy decisions by independent regulatory commissions from 

1965-2006. 

Disc. Karen M. Hult, Virginia Tech University 

39-6 ACCOUNTING FOR CONSTITUENTS 


Chair Christian Grose, Vanderbilt University 

Paper Congressional Office Communications and Accessibility Post- 

9/11 

Jocelyn J. Evans, University of West Florida 

Olivia E. Lagergren, University of West Florida 

Overview: We explore changes in protocol, introduced by the 

terrorist attacks of 2001, concerning congressional office 

communication with and accessibility to constituents. We argue 

these changes hold significant implications for representation. 

Paper Home Style and Member Allocation of Office Resources 

Craig Goodman, Texas Tech University 

David C. W. Parker, Indiana University, South Bend 

Laura Roach, 

Overview: This paper examines how a member's home style alters 

their allocation of office resources and whether such strategies 

alter citizen perceptions of their elected officials. 

Paper Constituency Connections and Extended Leadership Positions 

in the U.S. House 

Scott R. Meinke, Bucknell University 

Overview: Evaluates the relationship between constituency 

characteristics and House members’ decisions both to serve in the 

extended party leadership and to use that service in selfpresentation 

to the constituency. 

Disc. Gregory Robinson, Michigan State University, East Lansing 

Christian Grose, Vanderbilt University 

39-26 INSTITUTIONAL INFLUENCES ON 

LEGISLATURES 


Chair Asbjorn Skjaeveland, University of Aarhus 

Paper Lawmaking Under Uncertainty in Semi-Presidential Regimes 

Sebastien G. Lazardeux, University of Washington 

Overview: This paper proposes a quantitative analysis of the effect 

of cohabitation (a situation where the President and the Premier 

are from opposing political parties) on governing efficiency in 

semi-presidential regimes. 

Paper National Parliaments and the European Court of Justice 

Tracy H. Slagter, University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh 

Overview: Although much scholarship exists to demonstrate that 

national parliaments in Europe are increasingly attuned to the 

legislative role played by their national courts, very little research 

has examined the relationship between European parliaments. 

Paper Analyzing the Legislative Success of Strong Presidents: The 

Case of Chile 


Navia Patricio, New York University 

Overview: We examine the legislative success of presidential bills 

in Chile. We argue that approval depends on bill specific 

characteristics as well as contextual factors, model approval as a 

hierarchical process, and test predictions with a new dataset. 

Paper Evaluating Expertise in Upper House Decision Making 

David L. Fisk, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: This paper examines the role expertise plays in upper 

house assertion, as well as whether assertion in policy areas falling 

under the chamber's area of expertise will be more successful in 

shifting outcomes towards the upper chamber's ideal point. 

Paper Policy Bargaining in the EU: Who Wins? 

Deniz Aksoy, University of Rochester 

Overview: Which EU countries are better at getting the policy 

outcomes they prefer? What kind of institutional factors determine 

their ability to do so? I examine the positioning of member state 

preferences and policy outcomes on a diverse set of EU policies. 

Disc. Monica Pachon, University of California, San Diego 

Asbjorn Skjaeveland, University of Aarhus 

40-5 COMPETITIVENESS AND CHANGE IN 

LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS 


Chair Eric S. Heberlig, University of North Carolina, Charlotte 

Paper Searching for the Second Dimension(s): The Structure of the 

National and Sub-National Political Spaces 


Michael Ensley, Indiana University 

Scott de Marchi, Duke University 

Overview: Using the 2000 National Annenberg Election Survey, 

we estimate a national first dimension to the political space and 

then estimate state-level second dimensions. We compare the 

shape and structure of these second dimensions to each other. 

Paper Redistricting and Electoral Competitiveness in State 

Legislative Districts 

John I. Hanley, University of California, Berkeley 


Bruce E. Cain, University of California, Berkeley 

Justin Levitt, New York University 

Overview: We investigate the effects of redistricting institutions 

on the partisanship of state legislative districts and primary and 

general election competitiveness. 

Page | 179

Paper Electoral Volatility in U.S. House Elections, 1962-2000 

Joshua A. Strayhorn, Emory University 

Overview: This paper treats electoral volatility as a district-level 

rather than aggregate phenomenon.Using a data set which covers 

1962-2000, it examines district returns to determine which factors 

influence variations in volatility across districts. 

Paper Redistricting and the House: An Analysis Incorporating the 

Brookes Method 

Tony Hill, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 

Overview: The Brookes method shows the relevance to electoral 

outcomes of redistricting, which can affect different forms of bias 

in contradictory ways. An analysis shows an asymmetry as 

Democrats more easily convert votes into House seats than 

Republicans. 

Disc. Phillip J. Ardoin, Appalachian State University 

41-1 AGENDA SETTING ON THE U.S. SUPREME 

COURT 


Chair Richard L. Pacelle, Georgia Southern University 

Paper Grand Strategies and Agenda Setting on the U.S. Supreme 

Court 

Scott E. Graves, Georgia State University 

Overview: I analyze the influences of various factors on individual 

justices' case selection votes to discover the tradeoffs and 

consistencies that constitute what Murphy (1964) conceived of as 

the "grand strategy." 

Paper Certiorari and the Separation of Powers 

Ryan J. Owens, Washington University, St. Louis 

Overview: This paper anylzes the conditions under which other 

institutional actors like Congress and the president can influence 

whether justices vote to grant or deny certiorari. 

Paper First Amendment Cases and the Grant of Certiorari 

Barry Pyle, Eastern Michigan University 

Bruce A. Carroll, Eastern Michigan University 

Overview: An analysis of certiorari grants for all first amendment 

cases filed from a federal court of appeals during the last ten 

years. The cases are analyzed using a two stage analysis that 

utilizes both quantitative and qualitative measures. 

Paper A Network Analysis of Agenda Setting on the U.S. Supreme 

Court 

Paul J. Wahlbeck, George Washington University 

James F. Spriggs, Washington University 


James H. Fowler, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: Existing literature on Supreme Court agenda setting 

usually focuses on either the decision of the Court to grant 

certiorari in specific cases or on the changing nature of the general 

issues that comprise its agenda. 

Disc. Chris W. Bonneau, University of Pittsburgh 

Richard L. Pacelle, Georgia Southern University 

41-8 JUDICIAL ELECTIONS: VOTERS, JUDGES, AND 

ACCOUNTABILITY 


Chair Bradley C. Canon, University of Kentucky 

Paper The Women's Movement's Impact on State Courts: A Time- 

Series Analysis 

Sarah Fischer, American University 

Overview: This analysis seeks to determine the ability of women's 

groups to affect the gender make-up of U.S. state supreme courts-does 

the presence of a strong women's movement within a state 

increase the percentage of the state's highest court that is female? 

Paper Money Well Spent? Campaign Finance Regulations and 

Spending in State Supreme Court Elections 

Meghan E. Leonard, University of Arizona 

Overview: This paper examines the role of money in campaigns 

for state supreme courts. The main hypotheses ask if campaign 

spending influences who wins and by what margins. Further, I 

consider the role state campaign finance laws play in these 

elections. 

Page | 180 

Paper Judicial Accountability in Intermediate Appellate Court 

Elections 

Matthew J. Streb, Northern Illinois University 

Brian Frederick, Northern Illinois University 

Casey LaFrance, Northern Illinois University 

Overview: We test whether intermediate appellate court elections 

(nonpartisan, partisan, and retention) promote judicial 

accountability by examining contestation rates, 

reelection/retention rates, and incumbent vote totals from 2000- 

2006. 

Paper Creating a Unified Framework for Comparative Judicial 

Selection Research thei 

Rebecca Wood, Clark University 

Overview: This paper creates an expanded framework for 

analyzing the judicial selection systems in an attempt to 

encompass judiciaries from multiple legal traditions. This 

approach allows for researchers to categorize countries based on 

the actors involved. 

Disc. C. Scott Peters, University of Northern Iowa 

Margaret S. Williams, Goucher College 

42-6 DIVINING CONSTITUTIONAL MEANING AND 

LEGITIMACY 


Chair Michael Comiskey, Pennsylvania State University, Fayette 

Paper Dworkin, Scalia, and the Integrity of the Law 

Philip J. Benesch, Lebanon Valley College 

Overview: This paper examines the intersection of Dworkinian 

concern with the improvement of the integrity of law with Scalian 

resistance to the encroachment of common-law approaches in 

constitutional and statutory interpretation. 

Paper Justice Breyer’s Challenge to Originalism and the Fourteenth 

Amendment 

Kenyon D. Bunch, Fort Lewis College 

Overview: An examination of whether the values Justice Breyer 

and Justice Scalia ascribe to the Fourteenth Amendment’s Section 

1 clauses can be reconciled with their respective approaches to 

constitutional interpretation. 

Paper Is There Really a Countermajoritarian Problem? 

Michael Comiskey, Pennsylvania State University, Fayette 

Overview: The paper explains why judicial review poses no 

countermajoritarian problem or, to the extent there is 

countermajoritarianism, why it is not a problem. 

Disc. Leslie F. Goldstein, University of Delaware 

Sean Wilson, Pennsylvania State University 

44-4 STATE AND LOCAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND 

AGENDA-SETTING 


Chair Kim Hill, Texas A&M University 

Paper Minority Pathbreakers in State Elected Offices 

Susan A. MacManus, University of South Florida 

Andrew F. Quecan, University of South Florida 

Overview: Biographical, historical, and interview data are used to 

gain insights into electoral risk-taking by African American, 

Haitian, Hispanic (Cuban, Puerto Rican, Mexican, Colombian) 

and Asian candidates who were the "first" to be elected to state 

executive. 

Paper State Governors of Policy Entrepreneurs: An Examination of 

Gubernatorial Influence on Charter School Legislation 

David A. Goodman, Rice University 

Overview: Research on policy entrepreneurs at the state level has 

consistently found the political actors to be influential in the 

innovation and diffusion of state policy by providing funds, 

building coalitions, defining and disseminating ideas. 

Paper Setting the Gubernatorial Redistribution Agenda: An 

Integrative Approach 

Brianne M. Heidbreder, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 

Overview: This paper examines the impact that state political and 

economic contexts have on the gubernatorial redistribution 

agenda. Using panel analysis, I study gubernatorial agenda-setting 

across time and states.

Paper The Public and School Board Agenda Setting: A New 

Interpretative Model 

Bryce J. Dietrich, University of Kansas 

Overview: By examining school board presentations this essay 

will advance a cyclical theory of influence in which peaks of 

participatory influence will be outlined and compared with 

competing governance models, filling a current analytic gap. 

Disc. Kyle A. Scott, Miami University 


46-7 ASSESSING HIGHER EDUCATION POLICIES 


Chair Dorothy Daley, University of Kansas 

Paper Does Commercialization Matter in the Ivory Tower? 

Yixin Dai, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville 

Overview: This empirical research checks whether university 

commercialization process shift university's mission on 

contributing to the public knowledge pool by publishing or not, by 

checking faculty’s dissemination decision between publication and 

patent. 

Paper Race, Gender, and Representative Bureaucracy in Higher 

Education 

Alisa Hicklin, University of Oklahoma 

Vicky Wilkins, University of Georgia 

Overview: We investigate the determinants of minority retention 

rates by turning to theories of representative bureaucracy, to 

explore whether the composition of the faculty, in terms of race 

and gender, affect participation and retention rates for each group. 

Paper Do Networks Effect the Composition of Science and 

Engineeering Research Laboratories? 

Zeynep E. Tanyildiz, Georgia State University 

Overview: This study investigates the determinants of location 

selection of foreign doctoral students in the U.S., specifically 

investigating the effects of networks. 

Paper Market and State in Higher Education: A New Nation at Risk 

David C. Paris, Hamilton College 

Overview: The Spellings Commission report, like A Nation at 

Risk, emphasizes the economic threat of educational failures and 

offers policy responses to them. This paper examines the claims 

of "market" and "state" on higher education. 

Paper The Impact of Hurricane Rita on an Academic Institution, 

Lessons Learned 

Dominic M. Beggan, Lamar University 

Overview: This research sought to examine the impact of 

hurricanes at a micro-level; in particular it sought to examine how 

academic institutions may be impacted by such an occurrence. 

Disc. Michele M. Hoyman, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Dorothy Daley, University of Kansas 

46-301 POSTER SESSION: POLICY I (Co-sponsored with 

Social Policy, see 47-301) 


Presenter Professional Standards as Public Policy: A Case Study 

(Board 1) 

Michelle R. Ranville, George Mason University 

Overview: The standards set by professional organizations are 

often the sole authority in a specific policy area. How do these 

private standards gain broad legitimacy? A case study suggests 

that one avenue of legitimacy is the avoidance of legal issues. 

Presenter The Fatal Consequences of Issue Framing in General Aviation 

Safety Policy 

(Board 2) 

Shane A. Nordyke, Indiana University 

Overview: An analysis of general aviation fatalities for the last 

decade reveals that the way in which issues are defined and 

framed in safety policies blurs a clear understanding of the causes 

of fatalities in this sector. 

Presenter Obesity: A Hidden Political Issue 

(Board 3) 

Robert J. Thompson, East Carolina University 

Overview: This paper argues that policy and healthcare 

professionals must acquire a better understanding of each other’s 

expertise in order to deal with the consequences of obesity. 

Obesity may be as complex a political issue as it is a healthcare 

issue. 

Presenter Producing Poverty: Medical Debt Policies at the State and 

National Levels 

(Board 4) 

Serena Laws, University of Minnesota 

Overview: This paper examines the role of U.S. federal and state 

governments in producing medical debt. A comparison of laws 

and regulations regarding hospital billing and collection practices 

suggests that such policies contribute to debt among the uninsured. 

Presenter Institutional Design for Pension Insurance Program 

(Board 5) 

Il Hwan Chung, University of Georgia 

Yu Jin Choi, University of Georgia 

Overview: This paper examines moral hazard problems and 

incentive systems for pension insurance program across different 

countries. It shows the proper structure and governance of 

organization for institutional design in government insurance 

program. 

Presenter Public Utility Franchising in East Asia: The Case of Electricity 

(Board 6) 

Yu Jin Choi, University of Georgia 

Il Hwan Chung, University of Georgia 

Overview: This article explores public utility franchising in the 

electricity sector of East Asia, specifically China, Japan, and 

South Korea. 

Presenter American Foreign Policy: Domestic Politics and the 

Palestinian Question 

(Board 7) 

Joseph N. Patten, Monmouth University 

Overview: This article highlights the influence of domestic 

politics on U.S. foreign policy in the Middle East. 

46-302 POSTER SESSION: POLICY II (Co-sponsored with 

Social Policy, see 47-302) 


Presenter Regulating PracticeThrough Information: Promoting Drug 

Safety at the FDA 

(Board 8) 

Susan L. Moffitt, Harvard University 

Overview: When does the FDA use information to regulate firm, 

physician and patient practice? This paper develops and tests a 

reputation and learning model of regulation to explain FDA 

decisions to use information-based regulatory tools to promote 

drug safety. 

Presenter Political Empowerment of Self-Help Groups in Hong Kong 

and Shanghai 

(Board 9) 

Bong-ho Mok, Chinese University of Hong Kong 

Terry T. F. Leung, Chinese University of Hong Kong 

Overview: Findings from two empirical studies of self-help groups 

conducted in capitalist Hong Kong and socialist Shanghai 

indicated that political empowerment is a distant reality and that 

social change has never been a common objective. 

Presenter How Do Federal Dollars Impact Civic Engagement? 

(Board 10) 

Zahra G. Ahmed, University of California, Irvine 

Overview: Through an in-depth policy and discourse analysis, this 

paper seeks to examine how organizational and federal policy 

interact within the larger discourse of civic and political 

engagement. 

Presenter Public Participation and the Power of Information 

(Board 11) 

Juita-Elena Yusuf, University of Kentucky 

Jacob T. Fowles, Martin School of Public Policy and Public 

Administration 

Lenahan O'Connell, University of Kentucky 

Overview: This paper demonstrates that exposure to information 

can lead to public acceptance of otherwise contentious policy 

solutions. These findings are discussed from a policy process 

perspective, with emphasis on the importance of public 


Page | 181

Presenter Older Adults and Prescription Drug Abuse: An Emerging 

Public Policy Issue 

(Board 12) 

Sara J. Reed, Northern Illinois University 

Overview: Prescription drug abuse by older adults has become 

increasingly problematic as the U.S. population ages. This paper 

examines to what extent existing substance abuse policies and 

programs appropriately address the needs of the older adult 

population. 

Presenter Toward a Theory of Public Bads Management 

(Board 13) 

Thomas F. Schaller, University of Maryland, Baltimore County 

Overview: The growth of public bads management has altered the 

expectations that citizens have for the behaviors with one another 

and the role of their governments as mediators. This paper 

examines the changing policy frontier for public bads 

management. 

Presenter The Coming Physician Shortage: The Problem and Policy 

Options 

(Board 14) 

Ed J. Miller, University of Wisconsin, Stevens Point 

Overview: The paper will discuss the demand and supply causes 

of the projected shortage of physicians and examine several public 

policy options. Emphasis will be given to the impacts of market 

failure and interest group activity. 

Presenter Catalysts, Costs and Preventative Negotiations for 

Encroachment on Military Bases by Urban Communities 

(Board 15) 

Erika R. Chavez-Graziano, University of Louisville 

Overview: This paper will explore encroachment on military 

bases. It will discuss the costs of encroachment using the Resource 

Capability Model, and explore how to prevent encroachment using 

negotiation techniques of the Coase Theorem. 

Presenter Explaining the Policy Process of Structural Reform in 

Denmark 

(Board 16) 

Karsten Vrangbaek, University of Copenhagen 

Ulrik Bundgaard, City of Copenhagen, Department of Finance 

Overview: The paper analyzes the policy process of a recent 

structural reform affecting all parts of the Danish public sector. 

Presenter Setting the Agenda: Bureaucratic Influence in Problem 

Definition 

(Board 17) 

Samuel G. Workman, University of Washington 

Overview: I argue that agency agenda setting influences how 

Congress comes to understand, and ultimately decide, issues. 

Agency agenda setting influences the problem definitions that 

provide the parameters of choice in Congressional policy debates. 

Presenter The Role of Policy Environment in Deliberative Democracy 

(Board 18) 

Ryan A. Smith, University of Oregon 

Overview: This paper seeks to better understand policy issue 

conditions under which an actor that is involved or interested in a 

given policy will seek out deliberation and how we can determine 

the actual emergence of deliberation. 

47-2 WOMEN WORKING, CHILDREN LEARNING: 

DYNAMICS OF WORK-FAMILY POLICY 

Room Parlor J, 6 th Floor, Fri at 2:35 pm 

Chair Kristin A. Goss, Duke University 

Paper A Tale of Two Prefectures: Regional Differences in Japanese 

Child Care Policy 

Priscilla Lambert, Western Michigan University 

Overview: Why do some local governments provide more 

generous social policies than others? I examine regional 

differences in the provision of child care services in Japan to test 

alternative theories of social welfare. 

Page | 182 

Paper Social Policy and Women's Employment in Comparative 

Perspective 

Eunju Kang, Claremont Graduate University 

Overview: This paper explores the relationship between social 

policies--specifically work-family policies--and women's 

employment. Women's economic participation along with political 

participation serves as an important gauge of women's societal 

status. Both historical and empirical research will answer the 

question of why democracies have different work-family policies 

and accordingly various levels of government spending for such 

policies. 

Paper Venue Shopping, Policy Feedback, and American Preschool 

Policy 

Andrew Karch, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: Why does the United States, alone among Western 

nations, carry out preschool policy in a highly decentralized 

fashion? This paper argues that American preschool policy 

reflects the long-term consequences of decisions made in the early 

1970s. 

Paper Early Childhood Education: Public Opinion and Policy 

Domains 

Rachel A. Fulcher Dawson, Michigan State University 

Overview: I use NES data to compare and contrast public attitudes 

and orientations toward welfare and education - the two policy 

domains related to early childhood education (ECE) policy. 

Disc. Elizabeth Rigby, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Ann C. Lin, University of Michigan 

51-201 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: PATH DEPENDENT 

PERSPECTIVES OF THE AMERICAN STATE I 


Presenter Laying Down Tracks: American State Support for Railroads 

Zachary A. Callen, University of Chicago 

Overview: Space is a key element in state development. This 

essays seeks to analyze why some states undertake infrastructure 

projects while other states appear to ignore this central issue. 

Presenter The Historic Progressive Challenge to Founding Ideas on 

Article V 

Darren P. Guerra, Vanguard University of Southern California 

Overview: This paper chronicles the historic Progressive 

Challenge to Founding era ideas on Constitutional amendment. 

The Progressives explicitly embraced a Darwinian model of an 

organic Constitution rejecting the Founders’ implicit Newtonian 

model. 

51-202 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: FEDERALISM AND 

AMERICAN POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT 


Presenter Connecticut Federalism: Roger Sherman's Political Thought 

and Modern Devolution 

Michael W. Hail, Morehead State University 

Overview: This paper presents Roger Sherman's political thought 

on federalism at the 1787 Philadelphia Convention. A careful 

interpretation of Sherman's thought provides a framework for 

understanding modern federalism and the challenges of 

devolution. 

Presenter Liberal Democracy, Civic Virtue, and American Federalism 

Stephen J. Lange, Morehead State University 

Overview: Liberal democracy requires a degree of civic virtue for 

its maintenance. This paper examines American Framers' 

thoughts on fostering good character, morality, and public 

spiritedness through federalism, especially existing local 

institutions.

51-203 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: PATH DEPENDENT 

PERSPECTIVES OF THE AMERICAN STATE II 


Presenter "President of the United States" or "president of the United 

States"?: An Historical Analysis of the Evolution of the 

Presidency (or presidency) 

Richard J. Hardy, Western Illinois University 

David J. Webber, University of Missouri, Columbia 

Overview: Great confusion exists among writers concerning 

whether to capitalize the President (president) of the United States. 

Our content analysis of historical document reveals that the recent 

trend toward de-capitalization was led by political scientists. 

51-204 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: AMERICAN LABOR’S 

WAR IN VIETNAM 


Presenter American Labor’s War in Vietnam: The AFL-CIO, The 

Vietnamese Confederation of Labor, and the Vietnam War 

Edmund F. Wehrle, Eastern Illinois University 

Overview: War has profoundly shaped the fate of U.S. organized 

labor several times this century—often bonding trade unions 

closer to the state. 

53-6 RELIGION AND INTEREST GROUP BEHAVIOR 


Chair Katherine E. Stenger, Gustavus Adolphus College 

Paper Explaining the Politics of Pastors 

Daniel Hofrenning, St. Olaf College 

Overview: Clergy play an important and multidimensional 

political role. This paper attempts to explain the different kinds of 

clergy politics with particular reference to context and theology. 

Paper Agenda Setting in Small Religious Interest Groups 

Franklyn C. Niles, John Brown University 

Paul A. Djupe, Denison University 

Overview: We explore how agenda setting occurs within 

ministerial organizations (MO). Using a national survey of MO 

leaders, we find that issue mobilization occurs at the intersection 

of group structure, membership characteristics, and community 

context. 

Paper Is There a Protestant Left on the Ground? Grassroots Issues 

and Ideologies 

Laura R. Olson, Clemson University 

Overview: This paper explores the extent to which there might be 

a mobilizable base in the American electorate for a "religious left" 

political movement. Is there a potentially unified mass base for a 

resurgent Protestant left? If so, how might we characterize it 

Disc. Katherine E. Stenger, Gustavus Adolphus College 

Daniel Hofrenning, St. Olaf College 

55-5 TOO COOL FOR SCHOOL: NEW TECHNOLOGIES 


Chair John W. Williams, Principia College 

Paper A Pocket Full of Power: Teaching and Learning With The 

iPod 

S. Suzan J. Harkness, University of the District of Columbia 

Overview: This paper assesses the use of the iPod in teaching and 

learning in institutions of higher education. 

Paper Facebook: Classroom Tool for a Classroom Community? 

Abigaile M. VanHorn, Purdue University 

Terri L. Towner, Purdue University 

Overview: This study addresses the impact of web-based 

resources on student learning. It examines the possibilities of 

virtual learning communities for aiding in academic growth and 

assesses their plausibility and effectiveness as viable teaching 

tools. 

Paper My Professor has a Blog? Blogging for Teaching and 

Managing an Academic Department 

Mark J. Richards, Grand Valley State University 

Overview: This paper evaluates the utility and effectiveness of 

commercial blogging software in three areas: course blogs for 

teaching, departmental blogs for promoting cocurricular and 

extracurricular learning, and managing departmental public and 

alumni relations. 

Paper Active Learning with Technology 

Lynn D. Nelson, Virginia Commonwealth University 

Overview: I will describe an integrated approach to using 

technology for facilitating active learning in both large and small 

classes, from live and asynchronous message board exercises to 

online surveys, feedback forms and collaborative learning 

exercises. 

Disc. Scott R. Furlong, University of Wisconsin, Green Bay 

Mel Cohen, Miami University 

59-3 EMPIRICAL AND THEORETICAL 

CONSIDERATIONS OF SAME-SEX MARRIAGE 


Chair Rebekah L. Herrick, Oklahoma State University 

Paper The Sources of Media Opinion on Same Sex Marriage 

Daniel Chomsky, Temple University 

Scott Barclay, SUNY, Albany 

Overview: Chomsky and Barclay (2006) found a significant 

correlation between local newspapers and state public opinion on 

lesbian and gay rights. But what affects newspaper opinion? In 

this paper, we seek to determine whether the media respond to 

local public opinion. 

Paper Belief in Human Evolution: The Missing Link in Support for 

Same-Sex Marriage? 

Gregory B. Lewis, Georgia State University 

Overview: This paper tests the hypothesis that rejection of the 

theory of human evolution predicts disapproval of homosexuality 

and same-sex marriage more strongly than religion, ideology, 

party, education, age, race, and sex. 

Paper Litigating Within the Backlash: Same-Sex Litigation Iowa and 

Wisconsin 


Overview: This paper examines relationship equality litigation in 

Iowa and Wisconsin in the context of the current backlash against 

such litigation. The decision of "cause lawyers" to initiate the 

litigation and its consequences will be explored. 

Disc. Mark E. Wojcik, John Marshall Law School 

Page | 183

Friday, April 13 –4:25 pm – 6:00 pm 

1-102 ROUNDTABLE HONORING IRIS MARION 

YOUNG, WINNER OF THE WOMEN'S CAUCUS 

OUTSTANDING PROFESSIONAL ACHIEVEMENT 

AWARD (Co-sponsored with Political Philosophy: 

Approaches and Themes and Midwest Women's 

Caucus, see 33-102 and 57-106) 


Chair Patchen Markell, University of Chicago 

Panelist Melissa Williams, University of Toronto 

Bill McBride, Purdue University 

Laurel Weldon, Purdue University 

Isaac Balbus, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Michaele Ferguson, University of Colorado, Boulder 

David Ingram, Loyola University 

Martin Matustik, Purdue University 

Overview: Young is the recipient of the Outstanding Professional 

Achievement Award from the Midwest Women's Caucus. 

Participants will reflect on the contributions and legacy of Young's 

work in philosophy, political science, feminism, and social 

activism. 

2-9 VARIETIES OF CAPITALISM AND ECONOMIC 

PERFORMANCE 


Chair John S. Ahlquist, University of Washington, Seattle 

Paper Institutional Incentives and Cooperative Capitalism: The 

Case(s) of EEIGs 

Andrew M. Appleton, Washington State University 

Brianna K. Lawrence, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Overview: This paper looks at the more than 1200 cases of joint 

ventures established under the EU rules permitting so-called 

European Economic Interest Groups. We demonstrate that 

political institutions matter in determing patterns of cooperative 

capitalism. 

Paper Revisiting Varieties of Capitalism: Innovation and Dynamics 

of Capitalism 

Soo Oun Choi, Seoul National University 

Overview: This paper empirically examines the validity of VOC 

theory’s claims using extended data. Specifically, this paper tests 

robustness of VOC theory on innovation and dynamics of 

capitalion to the change of countries and to the change of period 

covered. 

Paper Does Varieties of Capitalism Explain National Patterns of 

Labor Relations? 

John Kelly, University of London 

Overview: The paper explores the value of the Varieties of 

Capitalism approach in explaining varieties of national labor 

relations systems. It argues the approach has major problems and 

underplays the role of the state as an agent of change. 

Paper Economic Vulnerability and Industrial Relations in Developed 

EU Countries 

Sung Ho Park, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Overview: This paper explores how the interaction between 

industrial organizations and political party system mediates the 

causal linkage between economic vulnerability and industrial 

relations in the developed EU countries. 

Disc. John S. Ahlquist, University of Washington, Seattle 

3-8 ETHNIC CONFLICT AND COOPERATION 


Chair Sunita Parikh, Washington University, St. Louis 

Paper Punishment and Public Goods: A Field Experiment in a 

Divided Society 

Marcus Alexander, Harvard University 

Fotini Christia, Harvard University 

Overview: This paper uses a field n-person public goods 

experiment to assess the role of sanctions on fostering cooperation 

in ethnically diverse post conflict societies. 

Page | 184 

Paper Effects of Political Leadership on Ethnic Separatist 

Movements in India 

Jugdep S. Chima, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: How do patterns of political leadership affect the 

trajectories of ethnic separatist movements? This paper tries to 

answer this question by comparing and contrasting several ethnic 

movements in India including Punjab, Kashmir, and the Northeast. 

Paper Assimilation and its Alternatives: Explaining Nation-Building 

Policies 

Harris G. Mylonas, Yale University 

Overview: Based on archival material on nation-building from 

Aegean Macedonia (early 20th century) I explore the conditions in 

which a core group is likely to target a non-core group with 

assimilationist instead of exclusionary policies. 

Paper Ethnic Mobilization: the Bodos, Dimasas and Mishings in 

India’s Northeast 

Pahi Saikia, McGill University 

Overview: My paper will address a question related to ethnic 

violence, among the large set of minority ethnic groups, seeking 

greater political autonomy, why are some engaged in violent 

mobilization while others remain relatively peaceful? 

Paper Measuring Development and Legitimacy in Sub-Saharan 

Africa 

Tiffany S. Seibert, Creighton University 

James S. Wunsch, Creighton University 

Overview: This paper re-examines the Englebert thesis linking 

development in Africa to governance, policy, historical political 

institutions and ethnic congruence with the contemporary state, 

using new data. 

Disc. Sunita Parikh, Washington University, St. Louis 

3-19 PROPERT RIGHTS 


Chair Catherine Hafer, New York University 

Paper Democratic and Autocratic Constraints on Rulers 

Anjali T. Bohlken, New York University 

Overview: The ability of rulers to change growth rates, for better 

or worse, depends on their political environment. Only longerlasting 

autocrats can significantly change their countries' growth 

rates. 

Paper Property and Political Development: Land Tenure and the 

African State 

Catherine Boone, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: This paper argues that in many African countries, 

fundamentals of constitutional order are at stake in land politics: 

the issues center on citizenship, political authority, and the 

possibility of building liberal nation-states. 

Paper The Politics of Property Rights and Economic Exclusion 

Thomas E. Flores, University of Michigan 

Overview: This paper promotes our understanding of the political 

dimensions of development by demonstrating in great detail how 

the design of political institutions affects the efficiency and 

inclusiveness of property rights institutions. 

Paper Political Expectations and Economic Performance 

Maria Petrova, Harvard University 

Robert H. Bates, Harvard University 

Overview: We show that “Partial democracies” can more 

successfully influence expectations and promote economic growth 

than can full democracies or autocracies. This emphasizes the 

importance of good governance for economic development. 

Paper Political Investments and Property Rights Enforcement in 


Jennifer L. Tobin, University of Oxford 

Overview: Using surveys of investors, this paper finds a negative 

relationship between the use of incentives for foreign investment 

and the overall domestic property rights environment. 

Disc. Catherine Hafer, New York University 

Cristina Bodea, Michigan State University

4-9 DEMOCRATIC TRANSITIONS - PERSPECTIVES 

FROM EAST ASIA 


Chair Youngtae Shin, University of Central Oklahoma 

Paper A Recount of Illiberal Democracy: Misrepresenting Pacific 

Asia Ten Years On 

Eric H. Honda, Independent Researcher 

Overview: This paper will argue that the supposed rise of illiberal 

democracy in Pacific Asia defies such criteria. Based on Freedom 

House Rankings (between 1996-2006), the subsequent 

foundations do not support frameworks of illiberal democracy. 

Paper A Comparative Analysis of Democratization in South Korea 

and Taiwan 

Chen Pao Chou, Hamline University 


Overview: This research applies a multidimensional utilizing both 

macro- and micro-level approaches as well as historical and 

contextual factors to examine democratization in South Korea and 

Taiwan. 

Paper Democratization or Other? Factors of the Democratic 

Evaluation in East Asia 

Fu-Yi Yang, University of Oregon 

Overview: Five East Asian countries experienced the democratic 

transition in 1990s. Is democracy consolidated in the region? This 

paper distinguishes factors relevant to democratization and 

examines what factors impact on the evaluation of democracy the 

most. 

Disc. Jeeyang Baum, University of California, San Diego 

5-5 THE FOUNDATIONS OF LEADERSHIP SURVIVAL 


Chair Brian F. Crisp, Washington University, St. Louis 

Paper Electoral Uncertainty and the Stability of Coalition 

Governments 

Daniela Iorio, University of Pennsylvania 

Overview: I develop a strategic model of government formation 

and termination, and structurally estimate it. The counterfactual 

experiments evaluate the effects of electoral uncertainty and 

institutional features on the stability of coalition governments. 

Paper Interrupted Presidencies in Third Wave Democracies 

Young Hun Kim, Pennsylvania State University 

Donna L. Bahry, Pennsylvania State University 

Overview: 40 percent of countries with popularly elected 

presidents in Third Wave democracies have resigned or been 

removed from office before their terms ended. We examine the 

roots of presidential vulnerability in Third Wave democracies, 

1974 through 2003. 

Paper Semi-Presidential Systems: Separating Myth from Reality 

Svitlana Chernykh, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Overview: Research on semi-presidential systems argues that 

these systems are inherently unstable. This paper offers a new 

measure of cabinet duration and shows that semi-presidential 

cabinet life spans are not different from parliamentary ones. 

Paper Tying the Dictator's Hands: Leadership Survival in 

Authoritarian Regimes 

Erica Frantz, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: I look at how the institutional structures of 

dictatorships affect leadership tenure rates. I analyze how 

differences in the nature of the elite coalition in single party, 

military, and personalist regimes affect the survival of the dictator. 

Paper Political Institutions and Executive Survival: Empirical 

Weaknesses and Theoretical Revisions of Selectorate Theory 

in the Non-Democratic Context 

Ryan Kennedy, Ohio State University 

Andrew McKenna, 

Overview: Building on foundations of "selectorate theory" 

developed by De Mesquita, Morrow, Silverstein and Smith, this 

paper suggests both empirical weaknesses and theoretical 

revisions that are necessary in non-democratic contexts. 

Disc. Christopher Kam, University of British Columbia 

Brian F. Crisp, Washington University, St. Louis 

7-10 TIME AND INSTITUTIONS IN EUROPE 


Chair Tobias Hofmann, Princeton University 

Paper The Strategic Use of EU-Referendums in Great Britain and 

Denmark 

Rasmus L. Nielsen, University of Southern Denmark 

Overview: The paper presents a game-theoretical framework to 

EU-referendums, a most-different-system-design comparative 

case study, and an analytical account as to why Britain and 

Denmark render similar observable elite-strategies of electoral 

vote-seeking. 

Paper Strategically Timing the Announcement of Referendums: The 

Case of the EU Constitution 

Tobias Schulz, University of Zurich 

Overview: The underlying motivation of a referendum on the EU 

constitution is revealed by an examination of the timing of the 

referendum announcements. The results suggest that the timing is 

merely determined by strategic considerations. 

Disc. Gabriele Birnberg, London School of Economics 

8-9 EXECUTIVE-LEGISLATIVE RELATIONS IN 

LATIN AMERICA 


Chair Felipe Botero, Universidad de los Andes 

Paper “Unite and Reign.” When do Presidents Ask for Delegated 

Decree Authority? 

Ana Carolina Garriga, University of Pittsburgh 

Juan J. Negri-Malbran, University of Pittsburgh 

Overview: Why do Presidents ask for delegated decree authority 

(DDA) when they already have a majority in Congress that will 

allow their legislation to pass? This paper analyzes the presidents’ 

incentives for asking DDA using data from Latin American 

countries 

Paper Presidentialism and Democratic Breakdown in Latin America: 

Too Many or Too Few Legislative Checks? 

Mona M. Lyne, University of South Carolina 

Scott Morgenstern, University of Pittsburgh 

Overview: We review evidence for divided government and 

gridlock as cause of democratic breakdown and find it wanting. 

We suggest that the problem in fact is the legislatures inability to 

check presidents that leads to breakdown. 

Paper Colombian Presidents: Fated to Repeat the Past? Studying 

Uribe's Re-election 

Patricia H. Micolta, Florida International University 

Overview: Colombian executive-legislative relations are a 

dynamic between reformist executives and obtrusive legislatures. 

Alvaro Uribe averted this trend by reforming the presidential 

reelection. How did he avoid being a lame-duck? 

Paper Legislative Delegation and Presidential Power: Constitutional 

Limits and Judicial Response in Chile and Argentina 

Druscilla L. Scribner, University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh 

Overview: Comparative analysis of legislative delegation in Chile 

and Argentina over last century based on landmark decisions 

focused on understanding historical differences and current 

similarities in how the courts define the boundaries of power. 

Paper Incentives and Consequences of Presidents’ Spoils 

Distribution Strategies 

Cesar Zucco, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: In this paper I present a formal model of presidentiallegislative 

relations in multiparty systems, discuss its results, and 

test some of its implications using data from Brazil and Uruguay. 

Disc. Patricio Navia, New York University 

9-8 REFORMING ASIAN EDUCATION 


Chair Eric C. Browne, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 

Paper Academic Achievement, Government Spending and Inequality 

in Japan 

Tomoaki Nomi, Southeast Missouri State University 

Overview: This study tries to discover the impacts of education 

spending by the government on the performance level of 

secondary school students in Japan. 

Page | 185

Paper Politics, Markets, and Higher Education Reform in Post-Mao 

China-Through Examining the Graduate Placement System 

Reform and Its Effects 

Qinghua Wang, University of Oregon 

Overview: I will look into the manifestations of single Party rule, 

the "half-right" role of the state, and the incomplete transition of 

China in the higher education sector through examining the 

graduate placement system reform and its effects on China's 

higher education. 

Paper The Relationship Between Perceived Curriculum of Political 

Ideology and National Identification: Taking Junior High 

School Teachers as Examples 

Su-ching Lin, National Changhwa University of Education 

Shu-Jian Chen, National Changhwa University of Education 

Overview: The main purpose of this study was to explore the 

relationship between perceived curriculum of political ideology 

and national identification. 326 questionnaire respondents were 

social study teachers drawn from different senior high schools in 

central Taiwan. 

Disc. TBA 

11-3 ISLAM AND DEMOCRACY IN THE MIDDLE EAST 


Chair Kevin E. Grisham, University of California, Riverside 

Paper Democracy, Muslims, and Christians, Too: Political 

Preferences in Lebanon 

Daniel Corstange, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 

Overview: Using original survey data, this paper compares 

institutional preferences between Lebanese Sunnis, Shiites, and 

Christians, demonstrating that attitudes toward autocratic systems 

follow more from political incentives than religiosity per se. 

Paper The Politics of Gender Policymaking in Jordan and Kuwait 

Nami Ishihara, New School for Social Research 

Overview: Why did certain gender policies become the focus of 

national debate in Jordan and Kuwait? The paper examines how 

the dynamics of contestation between the government and 

Islamists has set the agenda of gender policymaking since the 

1980s. 

Disc. Jane Menon, University of Michigan 

Emile Sahliyeh, University of North Texas 

13-6 GOVERNANCE IN THE POST-COMMUNIST 

WORLD 


Chair Olga Bychkova, Ohio State University 

Paper Corporate Governance As Political Defense Mechanism 

Stanislav Markus, Harvard University 

Overview: The paper explores the Westernization of governance 

institutions in Russian corporations. New data and theory shed 

light on institutional creation (and creativity) of firms in emerging 

markets. 

Paper Globalization, Privatization and Corporate Governance in 

Postsocialism 

Roger Schoenman, University of California, Santa Cruz & 

Columbia University 

Overview: This paper explores the effects of privatization, 

regulatory change, economic reform and external forces such as 

globalization on corporate governance in Poland, Romania and 

Bulgaria. 

Paper Business Representation in Eastern Europe: Failure of 

Corporatism? 

Dinissa S. Duvanova, Ohio State University 

Overview: In the 1990s, pluralist and corporatist models of 

business representation emerged in East European countries. 

Subsequently, many corporatist-style systems were abandoned. 

The paper examines factors that account for this seeming failure of 

corporatism. 

Page | 186 

Paper Phoenix Demystified: The Resilience of Italian and Russian 

Incumbents to Accusations in Corruption 

Olesya Tkacheva, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 

Overview: This paper studies when and why elections fail to serve 

as a mechanism for keeping corrupt politicians out of office in 

Russia and Italy. I examine reelection patterns of legislators 

accused by law-enforcement agencies of breaking the law and 

uncover the conditions when the news about corrupt behavior of 

the legislators have the highest impact on their constituents’ 

willingness to recall them out of office. 

Paper Transnational Dimensions of Elite Recruitment in 

Postcommunist Countries 

Carol S. Leff, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Overview: Based on a larger study of 2500 cabinet ministers in 13 

post-communist countries, 1990-2005, this paper focuses on the 

process by which native elites acquire political credentials abroad 

and repatriated elites re-enter homeland politics. 

Disc. Jeffrey S. Payne, Indiana University Purdue University, 

Indianapolis 

Daniel J. Beers, Indiana University, Bloomington 

14-7 CURRENCY CRISES AND EXCHANGE RATE 

REGIMES 


Chair Robert W. Walker, Washington University, St. Louis 

Paper Delaying the Inevitable? A Political Economy Model of 

Currency Defenses and Capitulation 

Stefanie Walter, ETH,, Zurich 

Thomas D. Willett, Claremont Graduate University 

Overview: Time asymmetry and distributional considerations can 

explain why devaluations are delayed until an orderly exit from an 

exchange rate peg is no longer possible. The empirical results 

show that politics can encourage time inconsistent behavior. 

Paper Special Interests, Regime Choice, and Currency Collapse 

Jamus J. Lim, Centre College 

Overview: This paper discusses how special interests and 

government policymakers interact in the decisionmaking 

processes concerning the optimal level of the exchange rate, and 

how these interactions may affect the timing and possibility of a 

currency crisis. 

Paper The Costs and Benefits of Uncertainty During Currency 

Crises 

Thomas Sattler, ETH Zurich 

Overview: I use a two-period signaling model of a speculative 

attack to show that uncertainty may trigger an attack that would 

not occur under complete information. Under very specific 

conditions, some uncertainty helps the government to manage 

crises. 

Paper Tie My Hands Up! Fiscal Decentralization and Exchange Rate 

Regime Choices 

Han-Pu Tung, Harvard University 

Overview: The paper extends the conventional view on the 

exchange rate regimes’ disciplinary effects to incorporate the 

commitment problem between different levels of governments 

into account. The peg is a device for making no bailout policy 

credible. 

Paper Measurement and Models for the Political Economy of 

Exchange Rate Regimes 

Robert W. Walker, Washington University, St. Louis 

Overview: This paper considers the measurement and modeling of 

exchange rate regimes. I survey the host of different measures and 

consider the political economy implications of common modeling 

choices. 

Disc. David A. Singer, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

15-17 EAST ASIAN SECURITY POLITICS 


Chair Yufan Hao, University of Macau 

Paper A Nested Game Approach to Foreign Policy Choice: The Case 

of South Korea 

Jung-Yeop Woo, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 

Timothy Romanowich, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 

Overview: Considering the importance of cooperating with the 

U.S.in dealing with North Korea nuclear crisis President Roh's 

policy choice seems not optimal. In this study, nested game 

framework is employed to explain President Roh's North Korea 

policy. 

Paper Internationalizing and Pluralizing International Studies in 

China 

Hong Duan, Cornell University 

Overview: This study seeks to show how different schools of 

thought emerged and became influential or marginalized in 

China's international studies in the past three decades and then 

attempts to explain those ideational shifts across time. 

Paper Arms or Talks: A Protege's Choice 

Jung-Ming Chang, National Chung Cheng University 

Overview: Previous studies on extended deterrence have focused 

on attackers and defenders, but not protégés. In this article, the 

author attempts to find out what options will a protégé, Taiwan, 

choose in dealing with its potential attacker, China. 

Paper Iran and North Korean: Different Regime, Same Behavior 

Sirivalaya Kachathan, Texas Tech University 

Overview: Rationalist explanations for a nuclear threat. A starting 

of nuclear program is a kind of bargaining process.They act as a 

rational actor with the expected pay-off of maintaining their 

regime. 

Disc. Yufan Hao, University of Macau 

16-11 DEMOCRACY, MARKETS, AND WAR 


Chair Brent Strathman, Dartmouth College 

Paper American Power: Security Burden or Security Blessing? 

Olga Bogatyrenko, University of California, Davis 

Overview: This paper evaluates effectiveness of contemporary 

U.S. security policy in light of terrorist attacks against different 

components of American power. 

Paper A Theory of Conscription: Loyalty, Threats, and Labor 

Markets 

Nikola Mirilovic, University of Chicago 

Overview: The causes of conscription are a heavily regulated 

labor market, authoritarian regime type, and a dangerous 

international environment. There is no significant causal link 

between nationalism and conscription. 

Paper Democracy and Territorial Change 

Ajin Choi, Yonsei University 

Overview: I propose to examine the impacts of democratic states 

on territorial change after international conflict. 

Disc. Ariel I. Ahram, Georgetown University 

17-203 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: WHAT DO WE 

KNOW ABOUT CIVIL CONFLICT? 


Presenter Operationalizing Civil War 

Omur Yilmaz, University of Kansas 

Overview: This study introduces two different datasets of all civil 

wars that have started since 1945 and utilizes them in a survival 

analysis of how different factors affect the likelihood of civil war 

relapse once a civil war is terminated one way or another. 

Presenter Political Economy of Civil War 

Robert B. Packer, University of Michigan 

Overview: Review of the literature and tests to see what 

arguments hold best in explaining the onset of civil war. 

17-204 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: LEADERS, 

LONGEVITY, AND MILITARIZED DISPUTES 


Presenter The Effect of Aid on Regime Survival, 1960-2000 

Brian Lai, University of Iowa 

Amanda Licht, University of Iowa 

Overview: Does aid influence a regime’s survival? This paper 

empirically examines two theoretical approaches: one that predicts 

aid should lengthen the duration of all regimes and one that 

predicts aid should shorten the duration of non-democratic 

regimes. 

Presenter Miltiary Experience, Education, and Leader Behavior in 

Militarized Disputes 

Michael Horowitz, Harvard University 

Overview: This paper examines how variations in the military 

experience and education level of leaders influences their behavior 

in miltiarized disputes once they enter office. 

17-301 POSTER SESSION: CONFLICT PROCESS 


Presenter Alterity as a Weapon to Deconstruct Conflicts in Transitional 

Societies 

(Board 1) 

Mulago Jean-Pierre Shamvu, University of Calgary 

Overview: Conflicts are not innate but socially constructed, 

therefore if the conflictual behaviour is socially constructed, then 

it should be possible to deconstruct it. We are suggesting alterity 

as a way to achieve this deconstruction. 

Presenter Culture of Contention Between the Global and the Local 

(Board 2) 

Ana M. Velitchkova, Southern Illinois University 

Overview: Grassroots affiliates to global movements engage in a 

dynamic process of creating raisons d’être through multiple 

vertical and horizontal channels of communication challenging 

understandings of grievances, rational choice, and political 

opportunity. 

18-301 POSTER SESSION: FOREIGN POLICY 


Presenter Global Security in the 21st Century 

(Board 3) 

Amentahru Wahlrab, Illinois State University 

Overview: The new global security agenda of the 21st century 

centers on the following: Democratization, Weapons of Mass 

Destruction, and Terrorism. This consensus, if found, would 

provide grounds for increased cooperation and a decrease in 

global violence. 

Presenter Third Party Interventions in Civil Conflicts 

(Board 4) 

G. Jiyun Kim, University of Michigan 

Overview: Based on formally derived results, I indentify certain 

conditions that favor or disfavor third party military interventions 

in civil conflicts and point out the conditions where economic 

diplomacy. 

19-8 UNDERSTANDING INTERNATIONAL JUSTICE 

(OR THE LACK THEREOF) 


Chair Isabella Alcaniz, University of Houston 

Paper Image Dissonance: The Darfur Dilemma and US Foreign 

Policy 

Cosette D. Creamer, Harvard University 

Overview: This paper examines the sources of the U.S. decision to 

abstain on a UN Security Council resolution referring the situation 

in Darfur, Sudan to the International Criminal Court as a test case 

for a socialization explanation of foreign policy change. 

Page | 187

Paper Disaggregating International Politics: Individuals and the 

Making of World Order 

Matthew S. Weinert, University of Delaware 

Overview: This paper reflects on the significant normative shift in 

international relations towards concern for and recognition of the 

individual. 

Paper Human Rights as 'Literalized Metaphor' 

Diana G. Zoelle, Bloomsburg University 

Overview: This paper proposes an alternative to a rights-based 

discourse on protection of human dignity, an alternative in which 

protections extend beyond narrowly defined rights to include an 

ethic of concern for dissimilar and unfamiliar others. 

Disc. Mark Sachleben, Shippensburg College 

Isabella Alcaniz, University of Houston 

19-201 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: NGOS 


Presenter INGO Interactions With Local Government in Post-Tsunami 

Sri Lanka 

Steven K. Overfelt, Washington State University 

Overview: An evaluation of the interactions between small NGO's 

and larger INGO's in dealing with the local government and being 

effective in implementing programs that improved the lives of 

those affected by the tsunami in Galle District, Sri Lanka. 

Presenter Collective Action Dilemma: State, NGOs and Foreign 

Agitators in Russia 

Aleksandra B. Chauhan, University of South Carolina 

Overview: The paper reassess the “top-down” argument of 

international normative promotion of NGOs and analyzes the 

relationship between the Russian state and NGOs, emphasizing 

the issue of reliance on foreign funding and the direct 

consequences of the it. 

23-7 NEGATIVE CAMPAIGNING AND THE VOTE 


Chair Joel D. Rivlin, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Paper The Impact of Negative Campaign Messages on Vote Choice 

and Participation: Results from an Experiment in Brazil 

Scott Desposato, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: This paper reports on an experiment conducted in 

Brazil to investigate the differential impacts of negative and 

positive campaigning on affect, vote choice, participation, and 

learning. 

Paper Consider the Source: Variations in the Effects of Attack 

Advertising 

Tyler Johnson, Texas A&M University 

Johanna Dunaway, Sam Houston State University 

Overview: This paper determines whether the source of negative 

information (official campaigns, independent groups, or the 

media) plays a role in determining the effect of information on 

individual assessments of candidates. 

Paper Anti-Votes: Do Negative Candidate Evaluations Boost Youth 

Turnout? 

Lance M. Vandenbroek, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: Young voters are often maligned as apathetic. They’ve 

been told to “Move On,” they’ve been told to “Vote or Die,” but 

could strong negative feelings towards presidential candidates be 

enough to lurch them from their stalled inertia? 

Disc. Joel D. Rivlin, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

24-301 POSTER SESSION: ELECTORAL CONTEXT AND 

ELECTORAL OUTCOMES 


Presenter Federal and Provincial Election Timing in Canada, 1957-2006 

(Board 5) 

Matthew Kerby, Trinity College, Dublin 

Overview: The hypothesis that government leaders call early 

elections in anticipation of a future decline in popularity is 

assessed using Canadian federal and provincial data for the period 

1957-2006. 

Page | 188 

25-9 PUBLIC OPINION, REPRESENTATION AND 

LEGITIMACY 


Chair Gerald C. Wright, Indiana University 

Paper Electoral Strategies and Patterns of Representation 

Andrew Owen, Princeton University 

Overview: This paper explores the link between electoral strategy 

and public policy output. I assess the relative responsiveness of 

Canadian governing parties to the government spending 

preferences of their ‘core supporters’ and ‘swing voters’. 

Paper Public Opinion and Policy Congruence: Gay Rights in the 

States 

Justin H. Phillips, Columbia University 

Jeff R. Lax, Columbia University 

Overview: This paper uses dozens of national surveys and a 

statistical technique developed by Park, Gelman, and Bafumi 

(2004) to examine the congruence between public opinion and a 

number of state-level policies directly affecting gays and lesbians. 

Paper Who Represents Me? Race, Gender, Party, and Extra- 

Institutional Representation 

Dara Z. Strolovitch, University of Minnesota 

Overview: I examine to whom voters look for representation, 

focusing on the influences of party ID, race, and gender in 

increasing their reliance on extra-institutional representatives such 

as advocacy organizations, congressional caucuses, and party 

leaders. 

Paper Preserving Polling for Democracy and Social Science after the 

1948 Polling Debacle 

Amy Fried, University of Maine 

Overview: This paper examines a time when polling's legitimacy 

was challenged and scholars worked to preserve polling as a tool 

to understand the social and political world and to promote 

democracy. 

Disc. Brian J. Gaines, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Gerald C. Wright, Indiana University 

26-9 SOCIAL CAPITAL AND POLITICAL 

PARTICIPATION 


Chair David E. Campbell, University of Notre Dame 

Paper Discounting Democracy?: Wal-Mart's Impact on Social 

Capital in the U.S. 

David S. Brown, University of Colorado 

Overview: The goal of the proposed study is to understand Wal- 

Mart’s impact on social capital. The study provides a very broad, 

systematic examination of how Wal-Mart influences social capital 

in the United States. 

Paper Voluntary Group Types and Democracy: Making the Case for 

Today’s Translocals 

Melissa K. Miller, Bowling Green State University 

Overview: New data from a large survey of voluntary groups 

reveals differences in mobilization tactics, membership profiles 

and member opportunities based on group-type. Chapter-based 

organizations enhance democracy better than national advocacy 


Paper Litigating Alone: Judicial Participation and the Limits of 

Social Capital 

Matthew Holleque, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: Arguing that participation in the judicial system 

constitutes another form of political participation, this paper 

examines how social capital affects the likelihood that an 

individual will seek redress for justiciable grievances. 

Paper The Lingering Costs of War: Local Casualties and Political 

Engagement 

Douglas L. Kriner, Boston University 

Overview: Our analysis of NES and Social Capital Benchmark 

Survey data finds that respondents from communities with higher 

Vietnam casualty rates reported lower levels of trust in 

government, interest in politics, and electoral and non-electoral 


Disc. David E. Campbell, University of Notre Dame 

Keiko Ono, University of Oklahoma

26-14 ON THE PERIPHERY: THE PARTICIPATION OF 

MARGINALIZED GROUPS IN COMPARATIVE 

PERSPECTIVE 


Chair Steven Weldon, University of South Carolina 

Paper Political Disengagement Among the Young in the Mature 

Democracies 

Paul Howe, University of New Brunswick 

Overview: An examination of evolving patterns of political 

disengagement among the young, drawing on survey data for six 

established democracies, and focusing on the areas of political 

knowledge, political interest and attention to politics in the media. 

Paper Transnationalism and Immigrant Participation in Britain, 

Spain and Germany 

Laura Potter, University of Michigan 

Cara Wong, Harvard University 

Overview: We investigate whether immigrants see cross-border 

political participation as a zero-sum process. We test 

transnationalism theory controlling for traditional theories of 

participation using survey data from immigrants in Britain, Spain 

and Germany. 

Paper Ethnic Minorities and Political Participation 

Maria Elena Sandovici, Lamar University 

Ola Listhaug, Norwegian University of Science and Technology 

and Centre for the Study of Civil War, PRIO 

Overview: This paper compares the participation rates of ethnic 

and linguistic minorities to those of the majority. Rates of 

participation are similar for six types of action explored, but differ 

greatly when it comes to voting, turnout among members of 

minority group. 

Paper Islam and Individual Voter Turnout in Transitional 

Kyrgyzstan 

Benjamin J. Darr, University of Iowa 

Vicki J. Hesli, University of Iowa 

Overview: Established predictors for individual voter turnout from 

socioeconomic and mobilization theories (derived from developed 

democracies) are tested in transitional Kyrgyzstan on Muslims and 

non-Muslims in the 2005 legislative and presidential elections. 

Disc. Steven Weldon, University of South Carolina 

Alberto Simpser, University of Chicago 

27-10 CHANNELS AND POWER 


Chair Tim Vercelotti, Rutgers University 

Paper Swift Boats and the Flow of Communication in the 2004 

Campaign 

Glenn W. Richardson Jr., Kutztown University of Pennsylvania 

Overview: Analysis of print and electronic communications 

channels is used to track the volume of spreading flows of 

communication and the effects of such communication on the 

substantive content of subsequent communication during the 2004 

election campaign. 

Paper Agenda Setting and Priming in High Choice Media 

Environments 

Justin W. Holmes, University of Minnesota 

Overview: This study examines the imact of new media on 

priming and agenda setting. An online experiment allows the 

study of the role of information context and individual differences 

in determining exposure to political content and effects on 

opinion. 

Paper Latent Class Modeling: Network Preferences, Advertising 

Exposure, and Channel-Switching during the 2006 Midterm 

Elections 

Lynn Vavreck, University of California, Los Angeles 

Simon D. Jackman, Stanford University 


Overview: We develop a latent-class-based approach to analyze 

media habits by using unique data collected by Integrated Media 

Measurement Incorporated (IMMI). Through patented cell-phone 

technology, IMMI stores data on all audible media. 

Paper Channel Surfing: Does Choice Reduce Videomalaise? 

Kevin Arceneaux, Temple University 

Martin Johnson, University of California, Riverside 

Overview: We analyze experimental data that gives some subjects 

the option to change the channel, allowing us to investigate 

whether choice moderates the negative effects of incivility in 

political debate that previous scholars have uncovered. 

Disc. Tim Vercelotti, Rutgers University 

28-6 RECONSIDERING THE ROLE AND INFLUENCE 

OF THE FEMINIST MOVEMENT 


Chair Sue Tolleson-Rinehart, University of North Carolina, Chapel 

Hill 

Paper Reconceptualizing State-Movement Connections 

Lee Ann Banaszak, Pennsylvania State University 

Overview: Using examples from the U.S. women’s movement, 

this paper argues that social movements and the state intersect to 

varying degrees and develops hypotheses for how this intersection 

influences the tactics, development and outcomes of social 

movements. 

Paper A Movement Transformed: The U.S. Feminist Movement and 

Domestic Diversity 

Janet K. Boles, Marquette University 

Overview: The U.S. feminist movement concentrates more 

resources on issues of diversity, race, and class. Coverage of these 

issues in Ms., 1972-2006, and the 2006 daily postings on Women's 

eNews is examined in terms of quantity, topic, and frame. 

Paper Evaluations of and Emotional Responses to the Women's 

Movement 

Mary-Kate Lizotte, SUNY, Stony Brook 

Overview: An experiment measuring emotional responses to the 

women’s movement uses different labels to refer to it (women’s 

movement, women’s liberation, equal rights, and feminism) with 

the expectation that feminism will elicit the most negative reports. 

Paper I Am Not A Feminist! How Female Media Icons Frame the 

Feminism Discussion 

Christina L. Caldwell, University of California, Riverside 

Overview: What explains the fact that women who believe in 

social, political, and economic equality are unwilling to label 

themselves as feminists? I believe the answer lies, at least in part, 

with the fact that the female icons with whom many women 

identify. 

Disc. Francis X. Shen, Harvard University 

Sue Tolleson-Rinehart, University of North Carolina, Chapel 

Hill 

29-8 RACE AND PUBLIC POLICY IN AMERICA 


Chair Terrell L. Strayhorn, University of Tennessee 

Paper Analysis of the Effect of a State Aid Program on Low-Income 

Students 

Jesse P. Mendez, Oklahoma State University 

Overview: Analysis of the effect of a state aid program on lowincome 

students. 

Paper The Racial Representation of Policy Variation 

Chaun Stores, West Virginia University 

Katie Stores, West Virginia University 

Overview: This paper examines the interrelationship between 

politics, social diversity, and policy outcomes. We suggest that 

poor policy outcomes for minorities in homogeneous states are a 

reflection of representational politics. 

Paper Health Matters: Determinants of Health Disparities 

Joshua G. Behr, Old Dominion University 

Overview: Documents the disparities in health status of minorities; 

includes spatial analysis using Geographic Information Systems 

(GIS); addresses implications for health-related public policy. 

Page | 189

Paper Race, Class and the Policy Process: Social Groups as Actors 

and Objects 

Elizabeth Rigby, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Sarah Bruch, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Joe Soss, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: This project tests association between states’ 

race/ethnic and class-based social diversity and their health, 

welfare, and immigrant policy choices, as well as how these 

relationships vary under different patterns of political 


Paper Social Equity Consequences of Transportation Finance 

Mechanisms 

Patricia L. Scholl, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: This paper examines the equity and efficiency of 

metropolitan level transit funding allocations using data on annual 

funding expenditures, racial composition, poverty status, ridership 

levels, and fare revenue, for 16 Bay Area transit operators in the 

San Francisco. 

Disc. Ismail K. White, University of Texas, Austin 

Terrell L. Strayhorn, University of Tennessee 

29-201 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: RACE, CLASS, AND 

ETHNICITY I 


Presenter Coming in from the Cold?: Minorities in Minnesota Politics 

Janet L. Donavan, University of Minnesota, Duluth 

Overview: This paper looks at the integration of minority groups 

into Minnesota politics by examining voting patterns of minority 

groups, patterns in electing minorities to office and minorities 

running in elections in the state. 

29-202 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: RACE, CLASS, AND 

ETHNICITY II 


Presenter Is Racism Rational? 

Matthew T. Yanni, West Virginia University 

Overview: In this study, I examine the conditions under which 

racism is rational; and whether unconscious, race-based 

perceptions correspond with reality. 

30-4 RHETORIC AND POLITICAL THEORY 


Chair Arlene Saxonhouse, University of Michigan 

Paper “The Decline of Rhetoric and the Rhetoric of Decline: 

Freedom and Speech in Tacitus’ Dialogue on Orators.” 

Daniel Kapust, University of Georgia 

Overview: This paper explores Tacitus’ analysis of the decline of 

rhetoric and his rhetoric of decline, focusing on their implications 

for republicanism, rhetoric, and contemporary understandings of 

freedom and public reason. 

Paper “Feeding the Demos: Rhetoric and Democratic Rule in 

Aristophanes’ Knights and Plato’s Gorgias.” 

John T. Lombardini, III, Georgetown University 

Overview: This paper explores the literary and theoretical 

connections between Aristophanes' Knights and Plato's Gorgias 

while examining their respective analyses of the problems political 

rhetoric poses for politics and especially for democracy. 

Paper Power, Persuasion and the Patrician Perspective in 

Machiavelli’s Discourses 

John P. McCormick, University of Chicago 

Overview: This paper argues that readers must take seriously The 

Discourses' audience to understand Machiavelli's positions on: the 

preeminence of liberty or empire for republics; the tribunate and 

the senate; and elections and political trials as elite accountabillity. 

Disc. Bryan Garsten, Yale University 

Page | 190 

32-301 POSTER SESSION: POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY: 

MODERN THEORISTS AND TEXTS 


Presenter Warped Individualism: A Recognition of a Communitarian 

Approach to Peace 

(Board 6) 

Lee M. Rademacher, Purdue University, Calumet 

Overview: Thomas Hobbe's philosophy creates a radical 

subjectivity that can only be reconciled with a recognition of 

communitarian theory if peace or social justice is to be attained. 

Presenter Tradition and its Disavowal 

(Board 7) 

Philip J. Harold, Robert Morris University 

Overview: The article will deal with the French thinker Emmanuel 

Lévinas and his relation to the field of hermeneutics, and attempts 

to discern how much of the hermeneutic approach Levinas can 

accept. 

Presenter Formidilosus 

(Board 8) 

Collin T. Glenn, University of Toledo 

Dan Muszynski, University of Toledo 

Amanda Boyd, University of Toledo 

Overview: Since 9/11 terrorism has preoccupied the world. The 

term has been used by both perpetrators and protectors to achieve 

strategic interests; so, it is necessary to understand how the 

epistemology of terrorism influences its perception and power. 

Presenter Intellectual Murder: Walter Rodney's Groundings in the 

Jamaica of the 1960's 

(Board 9) 

Fragano S. J. Ledgister, Clark Atlanta University 

Overview: A consideration of Walter Rodney's "The Groundings 

With My Brothers" (1969) in the context of Jamaican politics in 

the 1960s. 

Presenter Articulating Presences in Unsettled Places: Edward Said and 

Political Space 

(Board 10) 

John R. LeBlanc, University of Texas, Tyler 

Overview: Palestinian-American cultural critic Edward Said's 

analysis of the settling/unsettling dynamic suggests that insisting 

upon the articulation of all place-claims, including those which 

underlie contemporary claims of sovereignty. 

Presenter Frantz Fanon and the Just War Tradition 

(Board 11) 

Thomas C. Ellington, Wesleyan College 

Overview: This paper focuses on Frantz Fanon's The Wretched of 

the Earth to demonstrate that Fanon's theory of violence can be 

reconciled with the tradition of just war. 

Presenter Self-Knowledge and the Politics of Individuality in 

Montaigne's Essays 

(Board 12) 

Benjamin W. Storey, Furman University 

Overview: This paper presents a critical assessment of our modern 

politics of individuality as a framework for the search for selfknowledge 

by examining the treatment of self-knowledge in 

Montaigne's Essays. 

Presenter When and Why Did Leo Strauss Become a Straussian? 

(Board 13) 

Rodrigo Chacon, New School for Social Research 

Overview: I analyze the 'turns' in Leo Strauss' thought, focusing 

on his arrival in America when Strauss ceased to be a historian of 

ideas and became a Straussian 'political philosopher' thus 

reinterpreting and in effect reenacting the idea of political 

philosophy. 

Presenter Outside the Market: Symbolic Capital and Online Political 

Action 

(Board 14) 

Tim Kersey, Indiana University 

Overview: This paper uses Bourdieu’s constructs of practice and 

symbolic capital to create an analytical framework for 

understanding individual and group-level political action online.

Presenter Integrated Spectacle: Original Accumulation and the War on 

Terror 

(Board 15) 

James A. Buccellato, Wayne State University 

Overview: Ever evolving, the integrated spectacle emerges as a 

mutated form of contemporary capital. A war of images is taking 

place where spectacular antagonists compete over cyberspace and 

cable networks integrating capital and terror. 

Presenter Outline for a Commitment-Based Theory of Political 

Obligation 

(Board 16) 

Mara G. Marin, University of Chicago 

Overview: Political commitment, I argue, is a better basis for a 

theory of political obligation than contract. 

33-7 GROUP IDENTITY, SELF-DETERMINATION, AND 

DEMOCRACY 


Chair Patti Tamara Lenard, Harvard University 

Paper The Democratic Subject: A Ruse of Liberalism 

David Bleeden, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Overview: This paper explores the idea that the democratic subject 

presents a ruse within liberalism. The ruse is that while liberal 

theory relies upon democratic subjectivity to provide the means 

for the formation of group subjects which are capable of 

confronting. 

Paper Birthright: Transforming Inheritance, Transforming Politics 

Winter E. N. Brown, Duke University 

Overview: Considering "birthright" generates political theory and 

practices that negotiate the contentious politics between racial and 

ethnic minorities and majorities around understandings of 

community, collective identity, and political agency. 

Paper A Critique of Identity as a Justification for Territorial Claims 

Barton T. Edgerton, London School of Economics 

Overview: This paper critiques arguments that use concepts of 

identity to justify claims to particular pieces of territory. 

Paper Max Weber's Nationalism: Our Responsibility Before History 

Ross A. Edwards, University of Minnesota,Twin Cities 

Overview: This paper constructs a view of Max Weber's 

understanding of nationalism. Highlighting his ideas on 

generational responsibility and his nuanced historical awareness, I 

claim that Weber offers a complex and challenging way to think 

of nationalism. 

Paper The Nation-State and its Competitors: Citizenship, Polity, and 

Sovereignty 

Steven J. Wulf, Lawrence University 

Overview: Many argue that globalization demands stronger 

international governance and diffused conceptions of citizenship. 

This paper argues that confederated nation-states are the only 

morally authoritative political communities under current 

circumstances. 

Disc. Patti Tamara Lenard, Harvard University 

33-23 POLITICAL RESPONSES TO VIOLENCE AND 

TRAGEDY 


Chair Thomas Albert Gilly, ERCES 

Paper Heroism in Homer's Iliad: Violence, Mortality, and Moral Life 

Choices 

Ari Kohen, James Madison University 

Overview: That none of us can be like Achilles or Hektor and 

need not sympathize with them, however, does not affect our 

ability to learn a lesson from them. And the lesson that Homer 

offers, through the tragic story of Achilles, is that our lives are 

brief. 

Paper Nihilism and the Narcissist: Freudian Aggression as Political 

Strategy 

Jonathan McKenzie, Purdue University 

Overview: This paper provides a Freudian critique of tragic 

politics through an emphasis on the narcissist's gaze toward the 

public situation. An understanding of Freudian narcissism 

enhances the possibility of robust individualism in political theory. 

Paper Uneasy Commemorations: Liberal Values and National 

Monuments 

Avital Shein, University of Maryland, College Park 

Overview: The paper examines the merit of liberal nationalism 

and roots this discussion in the possibility of having national 

monuments in a liberal nation. 

Disc. Molly A. Patterson, Aquinas College 

34-8 BUREAUCRATIC OVERSIGHT INSTITUTIONS 


Chair Matthew Stephenson, Harvard University 

Paper Judicial Deference and Congressional Oversight of Agency 

Policy-Making 


Overview: I model the relationship between deference given to 

administrative agencies by reviewing courts and oversight of those 

agencies by Congress. I explore this relationship empirically with 

original panel measures of oversight and judicial deference. 

Paper Walking the Watchdog: Congressional Use of the GAO 

Anne Joseph, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: Drawing on information from the GAO Documents 

Database for 1978-1999 and interviews conducted with GAO 

officials, this paper examines how members of Congress use the 

GAO to oversee administrative agencies 

Paper Delegation and Positive-Sum Bureaucracies 

Alan Wiseman, Ohio State University 

Overview: I develop a model in which a legislature delegates to an 

agency subject to review by an executive with diverse preferences, 

and I show how executive clearance of rulemaking can be optimal 

for both the legislature and executive. 

Paper Bureaucratic Decision Costs and Endogenous Agency 

Expertise 

Matthew Stephenson, Harvard University 

Overview: This paper considers how oversight institutions (e.g., 

courts, legislatures, OMB) can affect an agency’s investment in 

expertise by manipulating decision costs. The model highlights 

the trade-off between promoting expertise and reducing policy 

bias. 

Disc. Jacob Gersen, University of Chicago 

37-7 POLITICAL PARTY ACTIVITY IN THE STATES 


Chair Christian A. Farrell, University of Oklahoma 

Paper Getting Out the Vote: An Organization-Centered Approach 

Kjersten R. Nelson, University of Minnesota 

Overview: The author investigates the strategies of non-partisan 

organizations in voter mobilization, as compared to party-based 

mobilization strategies. The analysis is based on the 2006 

Minnesota elections. 

Paper Parties Where We Least Expect Them 

Seth E. Masket, University of Denver 

Marty Cohen, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: This paper examines how political parties can thrive in 

hostile environments. Examples include Wisconsin (with its open 

primaries), Colorado (with its leagues of unaffiliated voters), and 

California’s 2003 recall election (which lacked primaries). 

Paper The Effects of Intraparty Financial Transfers on Turnout and 

State Politics 

Robert C. Lowry, University of Texas, Dallas 

Overview: I use data on transfers from national to state and local 

party committees for the 1996 through 2006 election cycles to 

investigate whether these transfers had effects on voter turnout, 

state elections and state party organizations. 

Disc. Richard M. Skinner, Williams College 

Christian A. Farrell, University of Oklahoma 

Page | 191

38-5 EXECUTIVE INFLUENCE 


Chair Bruce E. Altschuler, SUNY, Oswego 

Paper The President's Honeymoon in Congress: An Empirical 

Reassessment 

Carlos E. Diaz-Rosillo, Harvard University 

Jordan Teti, Harvard University 

Overview: Using extensive data from the Nixon through the Bush 

(43) administrations, this paper provides an empirical analysis of 

the President's alleged “honeymoon period” of heightened 

political power and greater success in Congress. 

Paper Happy Birthday and Other Sentiments: Touching Base as a 

Political Strategy 

Jennifer J. Hora, Valparaiso University 

Overview: President Nixon, not known for his persuasive 

adeptness, none-the-less knew the importance of touching base 

with Congress members. Nixon, aided by his Legislative Liaison 

Timmons, seems to have mastered the strategy of wishing 

members Happy Birthday. 

Paper Cleveland's Veto Threats Over Divided, Unified, and Split 

Governments 

Matthew G. Jarvis, California State University, Fullerton 

Overview: The power of the veto lies in its threat, not in its use. 

This paper explores how the varied political environment that 

Grover Cleveland operated in interacted with his own history of 

executing on his threats. 

Paper Lame Ducks and Legacies 

Seth W. Petersen, Georgetown University 

U. Jin Wong, Georgetown University 

Overview: This paper defines “legacy goals” as the preferred 

policy positions of two term presidents over both terms. “Legacy” 

may be important to political science since it could predict 

presidential behavior in the second term. 

Paper Executive Dominance and Legislative Capitulation: ‘The 

Schwarzenegger Model’ and His Return to Power in 

California 

David L. Schecter, California State University, Fresno 

Overview: This research is the second part of a larger research 

project begun in 2004 to evaluate the ever-changing relationship 

between the executive and legislative branches in California in the 

post-recall era. 

Disc. Samuel B. Hoff, Delaware State University 

Dan Kenney, Brandeis University 

39-7 COMMITTEE POLITICS AND PREFERENCES 


Chair J. Mark Wrighton, University of New Hamsphire 

Paper The Politics of Appropriations Subcommittee Chair Selection 

Damon M. Cann, University of Georgia 

Overview: Beginning in 2002, would-be Appropriations 

Subcommittee Chairs were subjected to an interview process with 

the Republican Steering Committee. This paper analyzes the 

determinants of subcommittee chair selection on the House 

Appropriations Committee. 

Paper Moving Beyond the Mean: Estimating the Value of 

Committees 

Kami Whitehurst, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale 

Overview: I extend the Groseclose and Stewart estimator of 

committee values by adding recent data, new transfer options, and 

constituency characteristics. 

Paper Modeling Seniority Violations in the House of Representatives 

Daniel E. Ponder, Drury University 

Russell D. Renka, Southeast Missouri State University 

Overview: We model seniority violations in the House as a 

function of a vector of exogenous variables, particularly the 

member's "aposate" score, which is a measure of the ideological 

deviation away from the member's party toward the opposition 

party. 

Page | 192 

Paper Delegation to Biased Agents: Legislative Resources and 

Information Asymmetries 

Sarah J. Poggione, Florida International University 

Overview: This paper examines the conditions under which state 

legislative majorities knowingly delegate policymaking authority 

to committees that do not reflect the preferences of the majority. 

Disc. J. Mark Wrighton, University of New Hamsphire 

Burdett Loomis, University of Kansas 

39-17 PARTY PREFERENCES AND ROLL CALL 

VOTING 


Chair Steven Smith, Washington University 

Paper An Analysis of the Dimensionality of House Appropriations 

Roll Calls 

Michael Crespin, University of Georgia 

David Rohde, Duke University 

Overview: In this study we seek to shed light on the question of 

unidimensionality of voting in the House of Representatives. We 

analyze appropriation roll calls and find theoretically 

comprehensible variations in members’ voting scores across 

jurisdictions. 

Paper A Reassessment of Party Voting in the U.S. Congress 

Richard Fleisher, Fordham University 

Jon R. Bond, Texas A&M University 

Overview: Paper examines variability in party voting in both the 

U.S. House and Senate for the period 1953-2004 using a measure 

of party votes that is not affected by the number of non-conflictual 

roll-calls. 

Paper Majority Power in the Republican House 

Kevin A. Roust, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: The Majority in the House has control over the 

consideration of bills and amendments, yet they regularly are 

rolled. In recent Congresses, most Republicans voted against the 

party at least occasionally, revealing many cleavages in the party. 

Paper Partisanship, Agency Loss, and Agenda Construction in Lame 

Duck Sessions 

Timothy P. Nokken, University of Houston 

Jeffery A. Jenkins, Northwestern University 

Overview: We analyze roll call behavior and party cohesion 

across sessions to answer whether departing members make 

notable changes in their voting behavior and how party pressures 

and party leadership changes in lame duck sessions. 

Disc. Steven Smith, Washington University 

Joshua D. Clinton, Princeton University 

40-4 ADS AND MESSAGES IN CONGRESSIONAL 

ELECTIONS 


Chair Garrett Glasgow, University of California, Santa Barbara 

Paper Campaign Advertising and Credit Claiming in the 2002 House 

Elections 

Scott J. Basinger, Stony Brook University 

Andrew H. Sidman, SUNY, Stony Brook 

Overview: How strong is the link between distributive politics 

(i.e., pork) and pro-incumbent voting behavior? To what extent is 

the strength of this link conditional on campaigns? 

Paper Running Against the President: Making Midterm Elections 

Presidential Referenda 

James D. King, University of Wyoming 

Overview: Midterm elections are presidential referenda in part 

because candidates campaign against the president. This research 

examines the consequences of candidates making the president 

and his policies the focus of the campaign at the constituency 

level. 

Paper Deciding What to Run On: Campaign Messages in 

Congressional Elections 

Matthew Bergbower, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale 

Overview: Analyzing congressional campaign advertisements 

during the 2000 election, I argue that political messages are 

formulized by a strategic calculation of district demographics and 

interest.

Paper Going Negative in a New Media Age: Congressional 

Campaign Websites-2002-06 

James N. Druckman, Northwestern University 


Michael Parkin, Oberlin College 

Overview: This study explains variations in congressional 

campaign negativity by using a unique framework to code 

hundreds of individual House and Senate campaign websites from 

2002, 2004, and 2006. 

Paper Declaring Independence from the President in the 2008 

Midterm Elections 

Stephen Purpura, Harvard University 

Kevin Esterling, University of California, Riverside 

Dustin Hillard, University of Washington 

David Lazer, Harvard University 

Michael Neblo, Ohio State University 

Overview: Did vulnerable Congressional Republicans run from 

the President in the 2008 midterm elections? We use 

methodological innovation in natural language processing to 

collect evidence from Congressional Member Web Sites and 

assess the question. 

Disc. Garrett Glasgow, University of California, Santa Barbara 

Lonna Atkeson, University of New Mexico 

41-7 SUPREME COURT DECISION MAKING: 

ATTITUDES, ARGUMENTS, AND PRECEDENT 


Chair Wendy L. Martinek, Binghamton University 

Paper Of Opportunities and Constraints: Decision Making on the 

Supreme Court 

Richard L. Pacelle, Georgia Southern University 

Bryan W. Marshall, Miami University, Oxford 

Brett W. Curry, Georgia Southern University 

Overview: We examine whether institutional decision making on 

the Supreme Court varies as a function of two dimensions: 

constitutional vs. statutory grounds and civil rights and indivdiual 

liberties v. economic cases. 

Paper A Fresh Approach: How Constitutional Words Structure the 

Judicial Mind 

Sean Wilson, Pennsylvania State University 

Overview: This work breaks new ground by showing how a 

cognitive language construct can structure judicial choice. Legal 

language appears to both encourage and constrain the political 

attitudes of justices, depending upon how rigid law's nomenclature 

is. 

Paper Law versus Ideology: Disentangling the Effects of Ideology 

and Judicial Deference on Supreme Court Behavior 

Michael Bailey, Georgetown University 

Forrest Maltzman, George Washington University 

Overview: We explore the empirical effect of legal values that 

justices may hold about the proper role of the court vis a vis 

Congress, state and local elected bodies and the Executive Branch 

and contrast this to attitudinal model explanations. 

Paper Supreme Court Oral Arguments as a Heresthetical Tool: 

Questions from the Bench about Jurisdiction and Justiciability 


Ryan C. Black, Washington University, St. Louis 

Overview: We test whether Supreme Court justices use oral 

arguments to heresthetically change the outcome of cases. 

Paper Explaining the Role of Stare Decisis in Judicial Decision 

Making 

Jim F. Spriggs, Washington University, St. Louis 

Tom G. Hansford, University of California, Merced 

Overview: This paper seeks to explain the conditions under which 

precedent will influence judicial decision making. We build a 

model that defines specific circumstances under which precedent 

will have greater (or lesser) influence on judges' decisions. 

Disc. Wendy L. Watson, University of North Texas 

Wendy L. Martinek, Binghamton University 

41-20 DECISION MAKING IN STATE AND FEDERAL 

APPELLATE COURTS 


Chair Scott Comparato, Southern Illinois University 

Paper State High Courts and Other Actors: Campaigns and 

Elections and Welfare, 1995-1997 

Tara W. Stricko-Neubauer, Kennesaw State University 

Overview: This study explores the influence of institutional and 

environmental factors on judges’ decisions across different areas 

of law in all fifty states. My findings show that judges are 

constrained depending upon the salience of an issue to a particular 

actor. 

Paper State Dominance of a Circuit: An Exploration 

Stephen L. Wasby, University at Albany 

Overview: Might dominance by one state or district in a judicial 

circuit affect development of the circuit's law? This paper 

undertakes exploration of a state’s or district’s relative proportion 

of filings, dispositions, and Supreme Court rulings. 

Paper Ideological Effects in Published versus Unpublished Judicial 

Opinions 

Denise M. Keele, University of Illinois, Springfield 

Overview: This study utilized the attitudinal model of judicial 

behavior to investigate differences between published and 

unpublished judicial opinions for district and court of appeals U.S. 

Forest Service land management cases initiated from 1989 to 

2002. 

Paper The Role of Litigants and Judges in Explaining Case 

Dispositions in Federal District Courts 

Christina L. Boyd, Washington University 

Overview: I assess the role of judges and litigants in determining 

how and why civil cases are disposed of in a way that is more 

comprehensive than previous work. 

Paper Designated Justice: Effects of Senate Delay on United States 

Courts of Appeals' Decisions 

Christine L. Nemacheck, College of William & Mary 

Overview: In this paper, I analyze the role of federal district court 

judges sitting as designated judges on federal appeals court panels. 

I document the degree to which this occurs in circuits where there 

has been substantial delay in considering judges to the bench. 

Disc. Erin B. Kaheny, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 

Scott Comparato, Southern Illinois University 

42-12 THE DYNAMICS OF STATE COURTS, 

STRUCTURES, AND POLICIES (Co-sponsored with 

Judicial Politics and State and Intergovernmental 

Politics, see 41-28 and 44-16) 


Chair James Magee, University of Delaware 

Paper The Next Gay Marriage? The Battle Over Same-Sex 

Adoptions 

Alison L. Gash, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: Thie paper compares attempts to ban gay marriage with 

recent efforts to limit or ban gay adoptions. The purpose of the 

paper is to identify the conditions that contribute to a policy's 

success (or failure) within specific policy venues. 

Paper Explaining Variance in Tort Litigation across the States 

Jeffery Green, Southern Illinois University 

Overview: I examine patterns of tort litigation exploring 

specifically what factors drive the considerable variance in the 

concentration of litigation among the states? I find that sociocultural 

structures offer a plausible explanation for this variance. 

Paper State Legislative Anticipatory Compliance with the U.S. 

Supreme Court 

Jinney S. Smith, Northwestern University 

Overview: Findings from nationally representative surveys of state 

legislators and legislative and executive branch attorneys suggest 

the routine and widespread practice in state legislatures of 

anticipatory federal constitutional compliance. 

Disc. Michael R. Fine, University of Wisconsin, Eau Claire 

Page | 193

44-13 THE POLITICS OF STATE POLICYMAKING (Cosponsored 



Chair Lilliard E. Richardson, University of Missouri 

Paper Scandals, Symbols, and Substance: The Politics of Child 

Welfare Policy 

Juliet F. Gainsborough, Bentley College 

Overview: Analyzes the effect of scandals and lawsuits on child 

welfare policy making in the states and considers the way in 

which state context may mediate the effect. 

Paper Tar and Taxes: Investigating State Allocations of Tobacco 

Settlement Funds 

Rumman Chowdhury, Columbia University 

Overview: This study examines various partisan, institutional, and 

economic variables and their impact on tobacco settlement 

allocations towards anti-smoking programs. The study provides 

some insight into the influences on state budgeting. 

Paper Sexual Segregation in the U.S. and the Attainment of Full 

Liberal Democracy 


Overview: I address the role the state plays in helping minority 

groups achieve equal treatment through the legal recognition of 

rights by placing same-sex marriages within the literature on 

federalism and political tolerance. 

Paper Decisions to Adopt: The Case of the States and Minimum 

Wage Laws 

Eric A. Whitaker, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 

Mitchel Herian, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 

Overview: In this paper, we use event history analysis to consider 

the broader political environment within states in an effort to 

uncover the relationship between politics and economics in the 

context of minimum wage debates. 

Paper HIV/AIDS Policy in American States: The Case of Syringe 

Exchange Programs 

Juhem Navarro, University of Connecticut 

Overview: Syringe Exchange Programs (SEPs) have been a 

controversial policy in many American cities and metropolitan 

areas. This paper attempts to fill a gap in the SEP literature by 

analyzing SEP policy in state legislatures. 

Disc. Lilliard E. Richardson, University of Missouri 

James A. Newman, Idaho State University 

45-14 ISSUES IN URBAN ADMINISTRATION 


Chair Theresa L. Johnson, University of Wisconsin, Green Bay 

Paper Yucca Mountain’s Bottom Line: The Cost of Increased Public 

Safety Services 

Sheila Conway, Urban Environmental Research 

Irene Navis, Clark County Comprehensive Planning: Nuclear 

Waste Division 

Amanda Dean, Urban Environmental Research 

Alvin Mushkatel, Urban Environmental Research 

Overview: This paper presents a thorough study of the costs of the 

transportation of nuclear waste shipments to Yucca Mountain to 

local public safety and first responding agencies to prepare for a 

potential radiological incident or accident. 

Paper An Urban Ecology of Nonprofit Movement 

Sue E. Crawford, Creighton University 

Joshua Potter, Creighton University 

Heather Bloom, University of Nebraska, Omaha 

Overview: This study examines the movement of nonprofit 

organizations in Omaha, Nebraska in light of urban ecology 

theories. 

Paper Increasing School Choice: Value and Implications 

Sinan Sarpca, Koc University 

Kuzey Yilmaz, Koc University 

Overview: An analysis of the combined "residential decision 

making and educational choice" problem of a city's residents when 

education is also provided privately. 

Paper Devolution in Ohio's Welfare System 

Barry L. Tadlock, Ohio University 

Overview: Ohio Works First promised county flexibility in 

welfare. Now evidence exists that can be used to assess 

Page | 194 

devolution. This paper reports on county-level differences with 

respect to urban influence, county government modernization, and 

population loss. 

Disc. Theresa L. Johnson, University of Wisconsin, Green Bay 

46-13 TAXING AND SPENDING DYNAMICS 


Chair Donna T. McCarthy, National Institute of Governmental 

Purchasing, Inc. 

Paper Federal Spending in Rich and Poor Counties 

Barry S. Rundquist, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Greg Holyk, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Overview: Recent research suggests that aggregate federal 

spending, although mildly redistributive among American states, 

tends to favor wealthier counties within states. This paper 

examines several explanations of this paradox of federal spending. 

Paper Agenda Setting and Government Growth 

Samuel G. Workman, University of Washington 

Overview: I argue that government growth is a response to 

uncertainty in the policy environment. I use time series techniques 

to demonstrate that the size of the government adjusts to the 

amount of uncertainty facing Congress and the President over 

time. 

Paper Socially Responsible Expenditure of Public Funds at State and 

Local Levels 

Donna T. McCarthy, National Institute of Governmental 

Purchasing, Inc. 

Overview: As government increasingly is called on to be "run like 

a business", can the public sector be judged for its socially 

responsible activities in the same manner we expect of the private 

sector with regard to leveraging the power of the purse? 

Disc. Kevin Corder, Western Michigan University 

Michael J. New, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa 

48-4 POLITICAL ECONOMY OF REGULATION 


Chair Andrew B. Whitford, University of Georgia 

Paper Geography and Policy: How the Changing Location of 

Interests Altered IP 

Jesse T. Richman, Old Dominion University 

William Keech, Carnegie Mellon University 

Overview: To understand the transformation of U.S. patent policy 

that took place in the 1980s and 1990s, we explore the geographic 

distribution of patenting activity, and the consequent distribution 

of members with pro-patent district interests in Congress. 

Paper The Common Law and the Reduction of Regulatory 

Uncertainty 


Karen Wong, University of Georgia 

Overview: This essay quantitatively investigates the reduction of 

regulatory uncertainty in the case of international tax regimes. 

Paper Electoral Accountability and Consumer Monopsonists 

Dino Falaschetti, Montana State University 

Overview: Consumers can pressure regulators in a manner that 

diminishes economic performance. Evidence of this effect from 

the U.S. telecommunications sector is difficult to rationalize with 

alternative explanations or as an artifact of endogeneity bias. 

Disc. Sebastian M. Saiegh, University of California, San Diego 

49-4 UNANTICIPATED EFFECTS IN 



Chair John T. Scholz, Florida State University 

Paper Underexamined Impacts of the Watershed Environmental 

Laws of the 1970s 

Frank T. Manheim, George Mason University 

Gregory Fuhs, George Mason University 

Overview: The 1970s environmental laws created revolutionary 

changes in federal legislative practice as well as in regulatory 

policy. We review the circumstances leading up to the 1970s 

developments, the nature of the changes in policy, and their 

consequences.

Paper Does Environmental Policy Design and Affect 

Implementation? 

Chris Koski, University of Washington 

Overview: This paper investigates the affects of policy design 

attributes on implementation efforts. I use policy design 

characteristics as explanatory factors accounting for variation in 

implementation, controlling for existing theoretical explanations. 

Paper Regulatory Enforcement in Border Counties: Do States Free 

Ride? 

David M. Konisky, University of Missouri, Columbia 

Neal D. Woods, University of South Carolina 

Overview: We test the hypothesis that state regulatory 

enforcement effort is less vigorous in border counties than in nonborder 

counties through time-series, cross-sectional analysis of 

Clean Air Act enforcement actions from the period of 1985-2000. 

Disc. Warren S Eller, Texas A&M University 

50-3 REPRESENTATIVE BUREAUCRACY: GENDER 

AND ORGANIZATION 


Chair David Pitts, Georgia State University 

Paper Occupational Segregation and Employment of Women by 

Federal Agencies 

Gregory B. Lewis, Georgia State University 

Overview: This paper examines the effect of changes in the sexual 

segregation of occupations on changes in the employment and 

status of women in federal agencies. 

Paper Determinants of Diversity in the Federal Government 

Sungjoo Choi, University of Georgia 

Overview: The present study explores what determines variation 

in the workforce diversity of federal agencies, using the sample 

drawn from 291 federal agencies. 

Paper The Relative Influence of Race and Gender: Descriptive 

Representation and Perceptions of School Discipline 

Lael R. Keiser, University of Missouri, Columbia 

Don P. Haider-Markel, University of Kansas 

Overview: Using survey data, we examine how the race and sex of 

administrators, street level bureaucrats and clients influences 

policy outputs and perceptions of organizational effectiveness. 

Paper Return on Human Capital Investment: What Every Mentor's 

Protege Should Know 

Bonnie G. Mani, East Carolina University 

Overview: An analysis of federal government expenditures for 

human resource development, with an emphasis on the career 

development of women in the public service. 

Paper Executive Pay Comparisons: Women and Minorities in 

Government and Nonprofits 

Bethany G. Sneed, Eastern Michigan University 

Overview: We examine public and nonprofit agencies regarding 

the salary of women and minorities in executive level positions to 

determine and compare the earning potential at the various 

governmental levels and in nonprofit organizations. 

Disc. David Pitts, Georgia State University 

50-7 PUBLIC TRUST AND BUREAUCRACY 


Chair Kaifeng Yang, Florida State University 

Paper Citizen Attitudes of Government Administrators as Public 

Stewards 

David J. Houston, University of Tennessee 

Lauren Harding, University of Tennessee 

Abe Whaley, University of Tennessee 

Overview: What attitudes are held about public administrators as 

public stewards and what explains these attitudes? GSS data are 

used to examine perceptions about government administrators’ 

commitment to serving the public and involvement in corruption. 

Paper Trust in Politics and Administration: Reconciling the 

Differences 

Enamul Choudhury, Miami University 

Overview: Drawing upon the research in public opinion and 

public administration, the paper discusses how the evidence and 

arguments on trust and distrust complement one another in 

democratic governance. 

Paper Why People Do Not Trust Ambitious Bureaucrats 

Christopher W. Larimer, University of Northern Iowa 

Rebecca J. Hannagan, Northern Illinois University 

Overview: Do the personal traits of bureaucrats matter? This 

paper uses two laboratory experiments to test how people react to 

ambitious decision makers. We find that people tend to equate 

ambition for authority with self-interested and unfair behavior. 

Paper Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Systems and 

Local Government Management 

Lydia A. Murray, City of Chicago 

Shayne Kavanagh, Government Finance Officers Association 

Overview: Implementation of CRM is a growing trend in local 

government as a way to improve service delivery and performance 

mangement. This paper examines lessons learned from early 

adapters of this approach: Chicago (US), Westminster (UK) and 

Southwark Council (UK). 

Disc. Thomas A. Bryer, University of Southern California 

Kaifeng Yang, Florida State University 

51-7 DEMOCRATIZATION PROCESSES: 

INSTITUTIONAL AND TEMPORAL DIMENSIONS 


Chair Robert Mickey, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 

Paper Policy Feedback and Regime Change 

Petra Hejnova, Syracuse University 

Overview: This paper explores the ways through which state 

policies developed and implemented under one political regime 

continue to affect citizens' participation in public life after a 

regime transformation. 

Paper All But Forgotten: Thomas Jefferson as an Administrative 

Creator 

Stephanie P. Newbold, University of Texas, Dallas 

Overview: Thomas Jefferson’s role in establishing the University 

of Virginia refutes the notion that he did not have an 

administrative mind or was interested in the daily operations of 

government. Such efforts, instead, point to his abilities as an 

administrator. 

Paper Property Qualifications, Political Parties, and American 

Democratization 

Justin A. Moeller, University of Georgia 

Overview: This paper examines the roll of economic development, 

class and social conflict, and political parties in the removal of 

property qualifications for voting in the United States. 

Paper Precursor to the Civil Rights Movement: African-Americans 

at Home and Abroad in World War II 

Robert P. Saldin, University of Virginia 

Overview: Major U.S. wars ultimately enhance democracy 

because marginalized minority groups (including women in World 

War I and African-Americans in World War II and Korea) 

participate in the war effort and then reap the benefits of greater 

inclusion in society. 

Paper Democratic and Authoritarian Stabilization in the Post-WWI 

Successor States 

Elisa M. Tarnaala, Universidad de Bogota JTL, The New School 

for Social Research 

Overview: This paper examines how inclusion and exclusion, 

repression and tolerance between governments and the radical Left 

and Right oppositions were essential mechanisms relevant to 

democratization in interwar Czechoslovakia, Estonia, Finland and 

Hungary 

Disc. Stephen G. Bragaw, Sweet Briar College 

Zachary A. Callen, University of Chicago 

Page | 195

52-101 ROUNDTABLE: THE WAR WOMB: 

INTERDISCIPLINARY FEMINIST PERSPECTIVES 

ON THE BUSH ADMINISTRATION 


Panelist Alison D. Dagnes, Shippensburg University 

Dawn M. Vernooy-Epp, Shippensburg University 

Kara A. Laskowski, Shippensburg University 

Cynthia A. Botteron, Shippensburg University 

Overview: The Bush Administration's attitudes towards and 

actions affecting women span the gamut of policy initiatives. In 

this roundtable discussion, scholars from the fields of Political 

Science, Human Communication, and English will examine the 

impact of the Bush Administration. 

53-13 RELIGION AND POLITICS IN ASIA 


Chair Runa Das, University of Minnesota, Duluth 

Paper The Red Flag and the Ring: Dances Surrounding Sino-Vatican 

Ties 

Laura M. Luehrmann, Wright State University 

Overview: This research employs historical insitutitonal analysis 

to explore the absence of formal diplomatic relations between 

Beijing and the Holy See. 

Paper An Ungodly China under Civil Religion 

Xiaheng Xie, Baylor University 

Overview: This paper applies civil religion to China and argues it 

will benefit in cultivation of nationalism and patriotism. It also 

discusses the possible social effects and influences on other 

existing belief systems of the quasi-establishment of Buddhism. 

Disc. Runa Das, University of Minnesota, Duluth 

57-104 ROUNDTABLE: NAVIGATING PROFESSIONAL 

SERVICE: WHEN TO SAY "YES" AND HOW TO 

SAY "NO" 


Chair Karen Kaufmann, University of Maryland 

Panelist Elsa Chen, Santa Clara University 

Georgia Duerst-Lahti, Beloit College 

Claudine Gay, Harvard University 

Laurie Rhodebeck, University of Louisville 

Overview: This roundtable will discuss the various service 

demands often placed on faculty, especially women and scholars 

of color, and provide feedback on the relative benefits and/or 

disadvantages associated with different kinds of professional 

service. 

58-3 KNOWLEDGE AND IGNORANCE IN CLASSICAL 

POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY (Co-sponsored with 

Foundations of Political Theory: Ancient, see 30-9) 


Chair Bernard J. Dobski, Assumption College 

Paper Farabi’s Adaptation of Platonic Political Thought and 

Ghazali’s Response 

Robert A. L'Arrivee, Notre Dame University 

Overview: Farabi, adapting Plato’s political thought, argued that 

prophetic knowledges subordinate to intellect and hence can be 

criticized by it. Ghazali, attempting to prevent the corruption of 

Islam, argued that prophetic knowledge supersedes intellect. 

Paper Socratic Ignorance: A Moment of Conversion to the 

Philosophic Way of Life 

Elizabeth A. L'Arrivee, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: Socratic ignorance is not merely a knowledge claim of 

the “early” Plato. Rather, Socratic ignorance is an initial moment 

in the conversion from the political to the philosophic way of life, 

which requires political philosophy for its completion. 

Paper Self-Knowledge in Plato's Charmides 

Lucas B. Allen, Michigan State University 

Overview: In this paper I outline the discussion of sophrosyne in 

Plato's Charmides and explain the implications of the 

identification of sophrosyne as self-knowledge. 

Disc. Bernard J. Dobski, Assumption College 

Xavier Marquez, University of Notre Dame 

Page | 196 

60-2 WHO LEADS? 

Room Parlor J, 6 th Floor, Fri at 4:25 pm 

Chair Scott T. Nissen, Indiana University 

Paper Policy Entrepreneurs and Policy Change: What Qualifies as 

Significant Change? 

Tera McCown, University of Charleston 

Overview: Examining policy entrepreneurs' strategies can enhance 

our understanding of how policy changes occur in the policy 

making process. Defining what qualifies as significant policy 

change and strategies used to pursue these preferences are 

contemplated. 

Paper Minority Leadership and Workplace Diversity in State 

Government: Does Minority Leadership Afford Equal 

Employment Opportunity? 

Sara J. Reed, Northern Illinois University 

Lina M. Rombalsky, Northern Illinois University 

Overview: This paper examines the relationship between the 

representation of minority leaders and workplace diversity in state 

government. The association between state minority populations 

and the number of minorities working for state governments is 

also explored. 

Paper Management and Leadership Performance in the Defense 

Department: Evidence from Surveys of Federal Employees 

Paul S. Oh, Princeton University 


Overview: In this paper we use data from the Federal Human 

Capital Survey to evaluate comparative leadership and 

management performance among executives in the military 

bureaucracy. 

Disc. Scott T. Nissen, Indiana University

Saturday, April 14 – 8:00 am – 9:35 am 

1-110 ROUNDTABLE: A MATTER OF FAITH? THE 

PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE OF RELIGION IN 

U.S. POLITICS (Co-sponsored with Politics and 

Religion, see 53-101) 

Room Red Lacquer, 4 th Floor, Sat at 8:00 am 

Chair David Campbell, University of Notre Dame 

Panelist Larry Bartels, Princeton University 

Byron Shafer, University of Wisconsin 

Corwin Smidt,Calvin College 

Eric Uslaner, University of Maryland 

Overview: This roundtable features scholars of differing 

perspectives on the role religion does, and does not, play in 

contemporary American politics. 

2-13 THE POLITICS OF IMMIGRATION, CITIZENSHIP 

AND IDENTITY 

Room Salon 1, 3 rd Floor, Sat at 8:00 am 

Chair Markus Crepaz, University of Georgia 

Paper Voters and the Extreme Right in Western Europe: Economics 

or Identity? 

Deniz Aksoy, University of Rochester 

Overview: This paper examines the impact of increasing 

immigration and worsening economic conditions on the 

development of anti-immigrant attitudes in Western Europe and 

the electoral success of extreme right parties. 

Paper What Motivates Immigrant Assimilation? How Select 

Individuals Respond 

Louise A. Hendrickson, University of California, Riverside 

Overview: What causes people to assimilate and become 

naturalized in a host country. Two groups will be compared; 

immigrants from India and Russia. The analysis of involvement 

and assimilation will be in four countries, the U.S., Canada, 

Ireland, and England. 

Paper Citizenship and the Anti-immigrant Vote in Western Europe: 

Institutional and Cultural Dimensions 

Barbara S. Kinsey, University of Central Florida 

Juan Gabriel Gomez-Albarello, Illinois Wesleyan University 

Overview: We examine the effects of two dimensions of 

citizenship, institutional and cultural, on the anti-immigrant vote 

across Western European countries over time. 

Paper The Emerging Politics of Identity in France and Belgium 

Lawrence C. Mayer, Texas Tech University 

Alan T. Arwine, Texas Tech University 

Overview: We conceptualize and analyze the causes of an 

emerging politics of identity as distinct from the classic right and 

supplanting the politics of interests using data from France and 

Belgium. 

Paper Moving From Preferences to Politics of Immigration Reform 

Mariana Medina, Washington University, St. Louis 

Overview: In this paper I analyze what determines congressional 

votes on immigration in the U.S. using roll call votes, census data 

on the composition of the regions, and measures of regional 

dependence on trade. 

Disc. Markus Crepaz, University of Georgia 

3-9 ETHNIC PARTIES 


Chair Donna Lee Van Cott, Tulane University 

Paper Indigenous Identity as a Political Product in Latin America 

Daniel E. Moreno, Vanderbilt University 

Overview: As a social construct, ethnic identity can derive from 

political processes and is not necessarily a political prior. This 

paper focuses on the political factors that are related to indigenous 

self-identification in Latin American countries. 

Paper State, Religion and Gender in India 

Chandra Y. Mudaliar, Michigan State University 

Overview: The interaction between the state as political authority, 

and religion and society has been longstanding, if varied. The 

paper examines the nature and role of the secular state, and how it 

has shaped the secular policy and gender in India. 

Paper Politics, Institutions and Ethnic Voting in Plural Democracies 

Kunle P. Owolabi, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: This paper examines a variety of structural, 

institutional and contingency hypotheses in order to explain 

variations in the prelevance of ethnic voting in three plural 

democracies: Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana and Mauritius. 

Paper When Does Ethnicity Structure Party Systems? Explaining 

Ethnic Politics across India’s States 

Adam Ziegfeld, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 

Overview: This paper argues that ethnic groups’ size and relative 

position in the social hierarchy determine the extent to which 

ethnicity structures party competition. Empirically, it focuses on 

state-level party systems in India. 

Disc. Donna Lee Van Cott, Tulane University 

4-10 NEW COMPARATIVE THEORETICAL 

APPROACHES TO DEMOCRATIZATION 

Room PDR 4, 3 rd Floor, Sat at 8:00 am 

Chair Monica Dorhoi, The World Bank 

Paper Demography and Democracy: Falling Fertility and Increasing 

Democracy 


Overview: This paper studies the role of fertility as a determinant 

of democracy. Following the literature in demography, strong 

support is found for falling ferility rates as a determinant of 

increased future levels of democracy. 

Paper A Modernization Theory: Development, Inequality and 

Democratic Transitions 

Daniel C. O'Neill, Washington University, St. Louis 

Overview: Expanding on Boix's theory, I argue that there is no 

clear relationship between income equality and economic growth, 

and that the effect of income equality on the likelihood of 

democratic transition varies with income levels. 

Paper The Political Economy of Language Regime Change: Lessons 

from South Africa 

Eric S. McLaughlin, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Overview: This paper examines how language regimes change – 

or fail to change – in new democracies. I use field data from 

South Africa to test a model of language regime change with 

important implications for democratic transitions in diverse 

societies. 

Paper Endogenizing the Exogenous as a Means to Explain 

Democratic Breakdown 

Peter A. Ferguson, University of Western Ontario 

Overview: An endogenous theory of democratic breakdown is 

introduced that re-connects structure through actor preferences 

arguing that breakdowns occur when cases fall into a risk zone, 

not just as exogenous conditions but rather as endogenous to actor 

choice. 

Disc. Gabriel Negretto, CIDE 

5-101 AUTHOR MEETS CRITICS: LUIS MEDINA'S 

"UNIFIED THEORY OF COLLECTIVE ACTION 

AND SOCIAL CHANGE" 

Room Parlor F, 6 th Floor, Sat at 8:00 am 

Panelist Luis F. Medina, University of Virginia 

Rick K. Wilson, Rice University 

Rod Kiewiet, California Institute of Technology 

Katri K. Sieberg, Binghamton University 

Overview: Author meets critics roundtable. 

6-5 PERSONALITY, PATRIOTISM, AND NEO- 

CONSERVATISM 

Room Sandburg 7, 7 th Floor, Sat at 8:00 am 

Chair Kathleen Dowley, SUNY, New Paltz 

Paper The Administrations of Fear: A Comparative Analysis 

Between the Administrations of Saddam Hussein and George 

W. Bush 

Alexander R. Dawoody, University of Texas, Brownsville 

Overview: This paper is a comparative analysis of similarities and 

differences between the administration of former Iraqi President 

Page | 197

Saddam Hussein, and that of United States President George W. 

Bush. 

Paper A Study of the Relationship Between Follower's Personality 

and Leadership Ratings of George W. Bush 

Charles R. Salter, Schreiner University 

Overview: This research was designed to link traits from the 5factor 

model of personality (the Big 5) by utilizing the 

International Personality Item Pool (IPIP), to a followers’ 

perception of the leadership style of George W. Bush, based on 

Bass & Avolio. 

Paper Are Patriots Really More Patriotic than their Anti-patriotic 

Rivals? 

Eyal Lewin, University of Haifa, Israel 

Overview: The analyses of interviews with soldiers and combat 

veterans as well as the testimonies of pacifists and peace activists 

enables us to study what patriotism is all about. 

Paper An Esoteric Social Movement: The Case of Neoconservatism 

Caleb T. Goltz, University of Minnesota 

Overview: Handling Neoconservatism as a unique social 

movement, I argue that an historical approach has greater 

explanatory power than behaviorist methods in analyzing covert 

strategies for manipulating the hegemony of cloudy, discourseparalyzing 

language. 

Disc. Kathleen M. Dowley, SUNY, New Paltz 

7-11 THE EU CONSTITUTION AND ITS AFTERMATH 


Chair Hartmut Lenz, Oxford University 

Paper The Importance of Actor Cleavages in Negotiating the 

European Constitution 

Madeleine O. Hosli, Leiden University 

Christine Arnold, Universiteit Maastricht 

Overview: This paper aims to explore government preferences, 

cleavages and patterns of coalition-formation among a variety of 

actors in the bargaining process on the European Constitution, 

across the range of the current twenty-five European Union (EU) 

member states. 

Paper Analyzing Member States’ Integration Preference Since 

Amsterdam 

Daniel Finke, German University of Administrative Science 

Overview: European Integration reveals two conflicts: I. The 

distribution of power among member states. II. The distribution of 

power between the domestic and the European level. The 

empirical test combines three unique data sets in one item 

response model. 

Paper The Dutch No to the EU Constitution: Issue Voting, Proxies 

and the Campaign 

Andreas Schuck, University of Amsterdam 

Overview: This multi-method study investigates vote choice in the 

Dutch EU Constitution referendum. Alternative explanations for a 

No vote are tested and the impact of the campaign on final vote 

choice is assessed. 

Paper European Constitution and European Identity 

Ana P. Tostes, Michigan State University 

Overview: This paper analyze why the identity matters in the 

European Union and the relationship between the crisis of the 

Constitution and the other old crisis. 

Disc. Rasmus L. Nielsen, University of Southern Denmark 

8-11 INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE IN LATIN AMERICA 


Chair Laura Wills-Otero, University of Pittsburgh 

Paper Economic Growth and Institutions: The Influence of External 

Actors 

David Arellano Gault, Teaching and Research in the Social 

Sciences (CIDE) 

Walter Lepore, 

Overview: This paper incorporates a relevant variable into the 

analysis of the relationship between democracy and economic 

growth in Latin America: power relationships between dominant 

local groups and the economic and political elites of developed 

countries. 

Page | 198 

Paper Convergence or Divergence: Institutional and Policy Change 

in the Dominican Social Sector 

Ken E. Mitchell, Monmouth University 

Overview: This paper discusses institutional and policy changes in 

the Dominican Republic. It focuses on data from the social sector 

and tries to test whether a convergence or a divergence approach 

to institutional change is most appropriate. 

Paper Institutions and Ideas: Explaining Political Change in Latin 

America 

Pedro J. Sanoja, Temple University 

Overview: In this paper I build on the literature on ideas and the 

limits of institutions in explanatory accounts of change. I focus on 

Venezuela and use this case to develop an analytic framework that 

I apply to three other Latin American cases. 

Paper Electoral Systems in Latin America: The Adoption of PR 

Systems During the 20th Century 

Laura Wills-Otero, University of Pittsburgh 

Overview: What political conditions explain a country’s 

movement from a restrictive majoritarian electoral system to one 

that encourages competition among different political parties, i.e., 

a proportional representation (PR) system? 

Disc. Melissa Scheier, Georgetown College 

9-9 STUDYING SOCIAL-CAPITAL IN ASIA 


Chair Toru Oga, Ibaraki University 

Paper Not Just a Western Phenomenon? Testing the Impact of Social 

Capital in Asia 

Willy Jou, University of California, Irvine 

Overview: Studies on the impact of social capital on the quality of 

democracy have mostly focused on western societies. Using 

survey data, this paper seeks to assess the impact of interpersonal 

trust and voluntary participation on democratic values in Asia. 

Paper “The Developmental State in Retreat”: Comparative Civil 

Society Study in East Asia 

Lichao He, University of Georgia 

Overview: The paper conducts a comparative study on the boom 

of the NGO sectors in three major East Asian countries: China, 

Japan and South Korea. It argues that civil societies in East Asia 

develops as a result of the restructuring of the developmentalist 

state. 

Paper The Effect of Civic Associationalism on Democratic Attitudes 

Among the Korean Mass Public 

Rollin F. Tusalem, University of Missouri, Columbia 

Doh C. Shin, University of Missouri, Columbia 

Overview: Our paper analyzes the sources of civic 

associationalism among the Korean public using survery data .Our 

findings indicate that traditional forms of civic membership 

enhance feelings of interpersonal trust and tolerance for outside 

political groups. 

Disc. Toru Oga, Ibaraki University 

13-11 INSTITUTIONS AND INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE 

IN POST-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES 

Room Parlor H, 6 th Floor, Sat at 8:00 am 

Chair Sarah E. Wilson, Ohio State University 

Paper Measuring Judicial Performance in Former Communist 

Countries of Eastern Europe 

Joseph L. Staats, Valdosta State University 

Marc G. Pufong, Valdosta State University 

Overview: This paper discusses the measurement of judicial 

performance in ten former Communist countries of Eastern 

Europe for 1996-97 and 2006-07 using results obtained from a 

survey administered by the authors to panels of legal experts in 

each such country. 

Paper Changing the Rules: The Two Electoral Transitions in Russia 

Igor Logvinenko, Villanova University 

Overview: What motivates political actors to change the rules of 

the game they are already winning? Recent drastic modification of 

the electoral rules in Russia is a case of institutions limiting actors 

even when competition is restricted.

Paper Is Federalism Dead in Russia, and Does It Matter? 

Heather L. Tafel, Grand Valley State University 

Overview: This paper assesses the arguments concerning Putin’s 

overhaul of Russian federalism on the basis of their conceptual, 

causal, and comparative foundations. 

Paper Partisanship without Elections: Russia’s Governors and 

United Russia 

Brandon M. Wilkening, Indiana University 

Overview: The 2004 decision to discontinue gubernatorial 

elections in Russia led to a wave of governors joining the propresidential 

party "United Russia." This paper examines these 

development and its implication for the future trajectory of 

Russia's party system. 

Disc. Tatiana P. Rizova, University of California, Los Angeles 

14-8 POLITICS OF FOREIGN AID 


Chair Shahdad Naghshpour, University of Southern Mississippi 

Paper Foreign Aid and Government Stability 

Elena V. McLean, Texas A&M University 

Overview: This paper develops and empirically evaluates the 

argument that donors may use aid cuts as a form of pressure to 

extract policy concessions from recipient governments or as a 

punishment, thereby undermining the stability of the recipient 

governments. 

Paper Ties That Bind: Explaining U.S. Foreign Aid Decisions 

Steven R. Hall, Ball State University 

Overview: Despite the potential for addressing world poverty and 

resulting conflict with the close to eighty billion dollars developed 

countries devote to foreign aid each year, politicization of the 

allocation process hampers aid's effectiveness. 

Paper Language Bias and Foreign Aid Allocation 

Bonfas K. Oduor-Owinga, Western Michigan University 

Overview: Robust evidence shows that other considerations rather 

than real need of the recipient countries, determines foreign aid 

allocation. I develop a model that shows that language of recipient 

country determines the amount of aid received. 

Paper If You Build it, Will They Come?: Foreign Aid and Foreign 

Direct Investment 

Richard A. Nielsen, Brigham Young University 

Steve Kapfer, Brigham Young University 

Overview: Using a newly developed aid dataset, we test for a 

relationship between development aid aimed at sectors of physical 

capital (communication, transportation, and energy) and show 

how these types of aid attract foreign direct investment. 

Disc. Chris Way, Cornell University 

15-10 DOMESTIC POLITICS AND INTERNATIONAL 

ORGANIZATIONS 


Chair Turan Kayaoglu, University of Washington, Tacoma 

Paper Institutional Reforms, Membership Conditionality, and 

Domestic Needs 

Ridvan E. Peshkopia, University of Kentucky 

Arben F. Imami, Institute for Policy and Legal Studies, Tirana, 

Albania 

Overview: The endogeneity problem, creates difficulties for the 

study of membership conditionality. We resolve this problem by 

simultaneously implementing two strategies proposed by King, 

Keohane and Verba. 

Paper Determinants of the IMF Conditionality: The Influence of 

Domestic Politics 

Byungwon Woo, Ohio State University 

Overview: Conceptualizing "the IMF program" as two staged 

process, this paper examines how domestic interests shift the 

international negotiation outcomes in the IMF conditionality 

negotiation, by building a game theoretic model and testing 

empirically. 

Paper Democracy, Economic Voting, and Preferential Trade 

Agreement (PTA) 

Jung Won Yang, University of Pittsburgh 

Overview: This paper examines whether elected political leaders 

take into consideration economic voting when joining preferential 

trade agreements by analyzing worldwide PTA data between 1950 

and 1992 with a logit model. 

Paper Transnational Linkages: Turkish Civil Society and the 

European Union 

Zeynep Alemdar, Okan University 

Overview: The paper argues that nonstate actors use 

intergovernmental organizations to alter the preferences of their 

states in favor of their own position and examines whether and 

how Turkish nonstate actors use the EU. 

Disc. Turan Kayaoglu, University of Washington, Tacoma 

16-12 PREEMPTION, PREVENTION, AND THIRD- 

PARTY INTERVENTIONS 


Chair Unislawa M. Wszolek, Ohio State University 

Paper The Practice of Pre-emptive and Preventive Wars: What is the 

Custom? 

Dan Lindley, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: Debates about the legality of pre-emptive and 

preventive wars became urgent after 9/11. I use the COW and 

MID databases to find that states engage in pre-emptive and 

preventive wars 29% of the time, with revisionist wars comprising 

the rest. 

Paper Preventive War Impulses and Outside Support for Secession 

Chad Rector, George Washington University 

Overview: Outsiders contemplating aiding a secession movement 

in a rival state will base their decision on the likely post-secession 

relations between the newly independent and rumps states. 

Evidence from the British Empire demonstrates. 

Paper External Military Intervention in Civil Wars: A Quantitative 

Study of the Initiation and Escalation of Third-Party State 

Interventions 

Jordan M. Miller, University of Michigan 

Overview: Since the end of the Cold War, civil wars and the 

involvement of third-party states in civil wars have received 

increasing attention from scholars of international relations. This 

paper offers and quantitatively tests hypotheses concerning the 

initiation. 

Disc. Ribhi I. Salhi, Roosevelt University 

17-10 ETHNIC CONFLICT 


Chair David A. Siegel, Florida State University 

Paper The Creation of Social Orders in Ethnic Conflict 

Keisuke Nakao, Boston University 

Overview: This paper considers a situation in which collective 

violence is taken for the creation of intra-group policing. The 

success of inter-ethnic cooperation hinges on each group's ability 

of controlling members and on the tight network between groups. 

Paper Fear and Family: Ethnic Civil War Duration 

Shanna A. Kirschner, University of Michigan 

Overview: Fear and co-ethnics play different roles in ethnic civil 

wars, making these conflicts longer compared to other types of 

intrastate wars. These features also help explain discrepant case 

study and large-n results on ethnic war duration. 

Paper Is the World Flat? Globalization Factors Relationship with 

Ethnic Conflict 

Samuel S. Stanton, Jr., Grove City College 

Joseph J. St. Marie, University of Southern Mississippi 

Shahdad Naghshpour, University of Southern Mississippi 

Overview: A cross-sectional time-series analysis of factors of 

globalization relationship with ethnic conflict. This paper seeks to 

provide more insight into the reactions of losers in the race to 

globalization over the last thirty years. 

Paper Ethnic Groups, Polarization and Civil War 

Andreas Beger, Florida State University 

Will H. Moore, Florida State University 

Overview: This study explores whether all civil wars are fought 

over ethnic divisions, and ethnic civil wars are bipolar. To do so 

we generalize the R-Q measure of ethnic polarization and study it 

using a cross-national data set covering the years 1946-1999. 

Disc. Sue J. Nahm, Columbia University 

Page | 199

18-1 THE POLIHEURISTIC THEORY OF DECISION- 

MAKING: NEW RESEARCH 


Chair Yi Edward Yang, James Madison University 

Paper Leadership Styles, Decision Contexts, and the Poliheuristic 

Theory of Decision-Making 

Jonathan Keller, James Madison University 

Yi Edward Yang, James Madison University 

Overview: This paper draws on theory and research on political 

leadership and decision-making to suggest modifications to the 

poliheuristic model, and then tests these expectations using 

experimental methods. 

Paper Poliheuristic Theory and Crisis Decision-Making: A 

Comparative Analysis of Turkey with China 

Nukhet Sandal, University of Southern California 

Enyu Zhang, Seattle University 

Carolyn C. James, University of Southern California 

Patrick James, University of Southern California 

Overview: The main substantive question in this study is: How 

does the degree of uniqueness of China, in campairson with turkey 

vis-à-vis foreign policy crises, affect its foreign policy decision 

making and consequences from its actions in times of crises? 

Paper The Decision Calculus of Terrorist Organizations: A 

Computerized Process Tracing Analysis 

Alex Mintz, Texas A&M University 

Bradley Podliska, Texas A&M University 

Overview: The Decision Calculus of Terrorist Organizations: A 

Computerized Process Tracing Analysis 

Paper The Poliheuristic Research Program: An Assessment and 

Suggestions for Progress 

David Brule, University of Tennessee 

Overview: This paper reviews research rooted in the Poliheuristic 

Theory of Decision Making. 

Disc. David Brule, University of Tennessee 

19-13 REGIONAL COOPERATION IN ASIA AND 

ELSEWHERE 

Room Clark 10, 7 th Floor, Sat at 8:00 am 

Chair Thomas Plⁿmper, University of Essex 

Paper Combating Infectious Diseases in Asia: Regional Impediments 

to Cooperation 

Kathleen M. Appenrodt, University of California, Irvine 

Overview: This paper contends that the best way to prepare for 

and respond to threats posed by infectious diseases, and other nontraditional 

security threats, is through utilizing regional institutions 

and enhancing regional cooperation. 

Paper Cooperation in Contention: The Evolution of ASEAN Norms 

Avery D. H. Poole, University of British Columbia 

Overview: This paper explores the dynamics of interstate 

cooperation within the Association of Southeast Asian Nations 

(ASEAN). It demonstrates the ongoing evolution of ASEAN’s 

norms, focusing on the case study of Burma’s membership. 

Paper Regionalism: A New Explanation 

Haifeng Qian, George Mason University 

Overview: Traditional theories of regionalism cannot fully explain 

either the first or the second wave of regional integration. This 

paper develops a new model of regionalism by combining 

economic, political and structural considerations. 

Disc. Thomas Plⁿmper, University of Essex 

20-3 POLITICAL SCIENCE AND ETHNIC POLITICS: 

NEW ASSESSMENTS AND NEW APPROACHES 


Chair Abdulkader Sinno, Indiana University 

Paper The State of the Art: Mapping the Field of Ethnicity and 

Politics 

Britt A. Cartrite, Alma College 

Dan Miodownik, Hebrew University 

Overview: Based on a dataset of published journal articles and 

books, this study combines statistical and content analyses to map 

over three decades of study of ethnicity and politics, highlighting 

the evolution of both themes and case selection over time. 

Page | 200 

Paper Rethinking the Foundations of Ethnic Politics: Risk and 

Conflict 

Henry E. Hale, George Washington University 

Overview: Rethinking the Foundations of Ethnic Politics: Risk 

and Conflict. 

Paper Culture and Power: Avoiding Method, Idealism in the Study 

of Ethnicity 

Marc Helbling, University of Zurich 

Overview: Analyzing naturalization processes in Swiss 

municipalities it will argue that the study of ethnicity should not 

only be enriched by cognitive approaches. Interactions between 

mental and social structures should also be accounted for. 

Disc. Paul R. Brass, University of Washington 

21-8 CORE VALUES, CAMPAIGNS, AND ISSUE 

ATTITUDES 


Chair David Redlawsk, University of Iowa 

Paper Declaring Values: The Use of Values Rhetoric in Presidential 

Primary Campaigns, 1988-2004 

Christopher J. Galdieri, University of Minnesota 

Overview: How do candidates talk to voters about values? An 

analysis of presidential primary candidates' rhetoric from 1988 to 

2004 explores the differences in their use of values language in 

campaign speech. 

Paper Partisan Persuasion and Value Modification 

Christopher M. Federico, University of Minnesota 

Paul N. Goren, University of Minnesota 

Miki Caul Kittilson, Arizona State University 

Overview: Using new survey experiments, we examine the 

hypothesis that party cues crystallize citizens’ values. That is, 

when citizens learn that their party or the opposition favors a 

value, their own value responses will show greater internal 

coherence. 

Paper Value Recruitment in Public Disputes over Evolution and the 

Environment 

Thomas E. Nelson, Ohio State University 

Dana E. Wittmer, Ohio State University 

Allyson F. Shortle, Ohio State University 

Overview: We propose a theory of value recruitment that 

addresses why and how communicators refer to social values 

when seeking to influence issue attitudes. 

Paper Attitude Structure Regarding Democracy and Religiosity 

Pazit Ben-Nun, SUNY, Stony Brook 

Mina Zemach, Dahaf Institute 

Asher Arian, CUNY/Israel Democracy Institute 

Overview: The comparison of dimensionality, consistency, and 

inter-attitudinal correlations of democracy performance evaluation 

among Jews in Israel shows they comprehend the concept of 

democracy differently, as well as holding diverse positions. 

Paper Deciding What is Fair 

Jennifer Wolak, University of Colorado, Boulder 

David Doherty, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Overview: Using an experimental design, we investigate how 

people decide whether a policy is fair or unfair. We consider 

explanations such as core values, partisan priors, and the nature of 

political processes. 

Disc. Eric W. Groenendyk, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 

22-8 ELECTIONS ACROSS THE WORLD 


Chair James W. Endersby, University of Missouri, Columbia 

Paper How Affectively Intelligent are Dutch Voters?: Emotions and 

Vote Choice 

Tereza Capelos, Leiden University 

Sanne Rijkhoff, Leiden University 

Raimon Leeuwenburg, Leiden University 

Overview: We ask whether citizens’ anxiety can point to the 

conditions under which party heuristics are used in the 

Netherlands. We use public opinion data to test the hypothesis that 

higher anxiety points to the use of leader and issue cues rather 

than party.

Paper External and Domestic Issues in Sarawak State Elections of 

2001 and 2006 

Ghazali Bin Mayudin, Universiti Kebangsaan, Malaysia 

Mohamad Zain Bin Musa, Universiti Kebangsaan, Malaysia 

Overview: My paper examines the external and domestic issues 

raised by Chinese-based parties, Sarawak United People's Party 

(SUPP) and Democratic Action Party (DAP), in Sarawak State 

Election of 2001 and 2006 and its effect on election reesults. 

Paper Electoral Behaviour in the Portuguese Legislative Elections 

Paula Espírito Santo, ISCSP-Universidade Técnica de Lisboa 

Overview: This paper focuses the Portuguese legislative elections 

that occurred in 2002 and 2005, having as a basis two postelectoral 

pools. The results enhance the importance of a set of 

socio-political explanatory voting motives. 

Paper The Impact of Party Strategies on the Formation of Voting 

Choices 

Romain Lachat, University of Zurich 

Overview: This paper proposes a model of voting choice where 

different parties may be evaluated by different criteria (or vote 

functions). The model is used to test some implications of the 

issue ownership model in national elections in Western Europe. 

Disc. James W. Endersby, University of Missouri, Columbia 

22-16 ISSUES OF BALLOTING AND TURNOUT 


Chair Richard W. Boyd, Wesleyan University 

Paper Who Votes and Who Makes Excuses: Understanding Turnout 

with a Better Question 

Brian Duff, University of New England 

Michael J. Hanmer, Georgetown University 

Won-ho Park, University of Florida 

Ismail K. White, University of Texas, Austin 

Diana Watral, Georgetown University 

Overview: Using the 2002 and 2004 NES we examine the effects 

of a new voting question on turnout reports, showing that the new 

question significantly reduces over-reporting. Additionally, we 

find evidence of panel and interview mode effects. 

Paper Out of Line: Forensic Comparison of Election Returns from 

Multiple Contests 

Mark Lindeman, Bard College 

Overview: Election forensics often entail comparing returns across 

two or more contests – but what should the null be? Using 

precinct-level election returns and simulated miscounts, I explore 

the forensic value of simple models of vote choice across contests. 

Paper Voter Choice and Turnout of America's Youth: The 2004 


Joseph W. Boesch, University Texas, Austin 

Overview: A unified model of voter turnout and choice to test six 

theories of youth participation and candidate selection in the U.S. 

2004 presidential election. 

Paper Strategic Voting under Two Ballots: Cross-National 

Experiments 

Jill N. Wittrock, University of Iowa 

Overview: This paper examines the impact of a second ballot in 

parliamentary elections for voter decision-making. Under 

experimental settings, it asks whether the voter behaves more or 

less strategically when offered a second opportunity to vote. 

Disc. Richard W. Boyd, Wesleyan University 

24-1 METHODOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS IN THE 

STUDY OF ELECTORAL SYSTEMS 

Room Suite 9-128, 9 th Floor, Sat at 8:00 am 

Chair Karen L. Jusko, University of Michigan 

Paper What do Voters Learn about the Economy 

Raymond M. Duch, University of Oxford 

Overview: Empirical tests of a selection model of context and vote 

choice employing a multi-mode cross-national research design. 

Paper Voters, Members of Congress, Supreme Court Justices, and 

the President: A Map of the American Electorate in 2005-2006 

Michael Herron, Dartmouth College 

Joseph Bafumi, Dartmouth College 

Overview: We seek to place voters, members of the 109th 

Congress, the president. and current Supreme Court justices in a 

single policy space. To do this we scale Congressional roll call 

votes, positions taken on these votes by the president, Supreme 

Court decisions. 

Paper Understanding Congressional District Heterogeneity 

Phillip J. Ardoin, Appalachian State University 

Jason Windett, Appalachian State University 

Overview: Building on the work of Koetzle, we develop a 

measure of district heterogeneity which produces a more reliable 

and valid measure of political diversity. We then employ this 

measure to examine variation in heterogeneity over the last half 

century. 

Paper When Experts Can't Agree: Making Sense of Variance in 

Expert Surveys on Party Positions 

Achim Kemmerling, Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin 

Overview: Most analyses of electoral competition that are based 

on expert surveys use measures of central tendency such as the 

mean or the median. There are many theoretical cases, however, 

that imply the use of measures of dispersion. 

Disc. Kenneth R. Benoit, Trinity College, Dublin 

25-10 PRESIDENTIAL APPROVAL (Co-sponsored with 

Presidency and Executive Politics, see 38-15) 


Chair Sara Margaret Gubala, Michigan State University, East Lansing 

Paper The Role of Partisan Assessments on Presidential 

Performance 

Laura K. Frey, University of California, Santa Barbara 

Overview: This project addresses the role of partisanship and its 

effect on presidential approval from January 1977 through 

December 2005. 

Paper Bankers are Bankers; Peasants are Peasants 

Delia N. Goolsby, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Joseph D. Ura, Louisiana State University 

Overview: We revisit two important questions: Does the public 

employ retrospective or prospective evaluations of the economy 

when asked whether it approves or disapproves of the president? 

And are these economic evaluations myopic or sociotropic in 

nature? 

Paper Is It Still the Economy, Stupid? W and the Dynamics of 

Presidential Approval 

Chris Rodgers, University of Texas, Dallas 

Overview: Does Bush II represent a departure from long-term 

political economy relationships? Time series analysis evaluates 

rival models while controlling for party id, class, education, and 

gender heterogeneity to assess attenuating economic effects on 

PA. 

Paper The Impact of Political Capital on Symbolic Representation 

Heather A. Larsen-Price, University of Memphis 

Mary R. Anderson, University of Memphis 

Overview: How does presidential approval affect the likelihood 

that presidents will spend more time addressing issues of high 

public concern in their annual State of the Union addresses? 

Paper Do Presidents Affect Their Own Public Approval Through 

Rhetoric? 

B. Dan Wood, Texas A&M University 

Han Soo Lee, Texas A&M University 

Overview: Past research by presidency scholars has produced 

mixed results on whether the president’s permanent campaign 

alters public approval of the president’s job performance. 

Disc. Matthew G. Jarvis, California State University, Fullerton 

Sara Margaret Gubala, Michigan State University, East Lansing 

26-10 VOTING LAWS AND THE COSTS OF VOTING 


Chair Jon Dalager, Georgetown College 

Paper The Cost of Voting and Turnout -- Evidence from a Poll 

Consolidation 

John E. McNulty, SUNY, Binghamton 

Carrie B. Gerber, SUNY, Binghamton 

Overview: Tioga County, New York is consolidating polling 

places in 2006, changing the location of the polling place and 

commute distance for some voters. We shall determine how much 

Page | 201

changes in poll location and commute distance discourage voters 

from voting. 

Paper Electoral Institutions and Voter Turnout in the American 

States, 1920-2000 

Melanie J. Springer, Washington University, St. Louis 

Overview: In this paper, I evaluate numerous state electoral laws 

from 1920-2000 and assess the extent to which electoral 

institutions affect turnout levels in the American states over and 

beyond the impact of partisan and demographic variables. 

Paper Voter Turnout of Ex-Felons: An Assessment Using 

Individual-Level Data 

Michael V. Haselswerdt, Canisius College 

Overview: Actual voting turnout of ex-felons is described through 

the use of individual-level data. Ex-felons participate at singledigit 

rates; rates substantially lower than those suggested by 

statistical estimates and self-reported behaviors. 

Disc. Michael P. McDonald, George Mason University 

Jon Dalager, Georgetown College 

27-11 THE POWER OF RHETORIC 


Chair Paul Parker, Truman State University 

Paper The Cross of Gold in the Modern Age: Neo-Populist Party 

Leaders and Charismatic Rhetoric 

Claire Haeg, St John's University 

Overview: Using Diction 5.0 software the study analyzes speeches 

made by neo-populist politicians in three countries. Charismatic 

Neo-populists use language with an extraordinarily high levels of 

certainty and commonality, but low levels of realism. 

Paper Talking Representation: Representative Rhetoric and Poll 

References in Presidential Speeches and Media Coverage 

Bas W. van Doorn, University of Minnesota 

Overview: How and when do politicians talk about leadership and 

representation? And how do the media discuss these matters? 

This paper addresses these questions through content-analyses of 

major presidential speeches and political news content. 

Paper Pardoning the President: Framing in a Major Scandal and the 

U.S. Press 

Jennifer R. Hopper, City University of New York 

Overview: When a major presidential scandal hits, framing will be 

a critical strategy used by the president to redeem himself. His 

choice of frames will affect the cooperation (or lack thereof) of the 

media in conveying them to the public. 

Paper Clinton Campaign Rhetoric 

Kathy A. Elrick, Illinois State University 

Overview: Looking into how Clinton effectively used rational and 

emotional rhetoric within the 1992 campaign to win his audience. 

Paper Power of Speech: A Field Experiment of Political 

Speechmaking 

John W. Williams, Principia College 

Overview: This paper documents are set of field experiments 

aimed at testing the power of political speechmaking using 

speeches of Republican J.C. Watt (conservative former 

congressman) and Democrat Barack Obama (Illinois’ liberal 

junior U.S. Senator). 

Disc. Glenn W. Richardson Jr., University of Pennsylvania, Kutztown 

28-7 GENDER EQUALITY AND DESCRIPTIVE 


PERSPECTIVE 


Chair Miki Kittilson, Arizona State University 

Paper Gender and Democratization in Africa: Phases, Spaces, and 

Processes 

Jane O. Okwako, Western Michigan University 

Overview: The study develops an analytic triad linking phases, 

spaces, and processes of the democratic transition trajectory 

associated with political liberalization, particularly the expansion 

of women’s representation. 

Page | 202 

Paper Empowering Women: Four Theories Tested on Four Different 

Aspects of Gender Equality 

Amy Alexander, University of California, Irvine 

Christian Welzel, Jacobs University, Breman 

Overview: Through analysis of three distinct stages of women’s 

empowerment in over 60 nations, I explore the relative impact of 

cultural and political factors in predicting gains in gender equality. 

Paper Gender Quota Legislation in Latin America: The End of a 

Wave? 

Adriana M. Crocker, University of Illinois, Springfield 

Overview: Employing an Event History Analysis (EHA), this 

paper focuses on the current status of gender quota legislation in 

Latin America and argues that the regional “gender quota wave” 

of the 1990s has lost its strength and effectiveness. 

Paper The Politics of Group Representation: Quotas for Women and 

Minorities 

Mona Lena Krook, Washington University, St. Louis 

Diana O'Brien, Washington University, St. Louis 

Overview: This paper adds to the literature on group 

representation by calling attention to the role of politics in shaping 

the structure of political cleavages and influencing the choice to 

adopt particular measures to guarantee group representation. 

Paper Gender Equality as a Political Value Among African 

Christians and Muslims 

Virginia P. Beard, Michigan State University 

Overview: A gendered analysis at the value level among African 

Christians and Muslims will reveal a varied yet persistent fault in 

the foundation of lasting democratic political development. 

Gender and religion will affect gender equality as a political value. 

Disc. Aili Tripp, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Miki Kittilson, Arizona State University 

29-10 ETHNICITY AND IDENTITY: NEW RESEARCH 

FROM SURVEYS AND EXPERIMENTS 


Chair Taeku Lee, University of California, Berkeley 

Paper The Effectiveness of Co-Ethnic Contact on Latino Political 

Recruitment 

Matt A. Barreto, University of Washington 

Stephen A. Nuño, University of California, Irvine 

Overview: This paper tests whether or not co-ethnic partisan 

contact is more successful than "generic" contact for Latinos 

voters in 2004. In short, we ask, which is more important: message 

or messenger? 

Paper Language and Endorsement Effects in Campaigning for 

Latino Votes 

Ricardo Ramirez, University of Southern California 

Overview: We report the results of an experiment of campaign ads 

testing the effect of co-ethnic endorsements and bilingual 

translation on vote choice of Latino and non-Latino subjects. 

Bilingual campaign ads demobilize non-Latinos, and mobilize 

Latinos. 

Paper Lost in Translation? Validity and Reliability in Bilingual 

Political Surveys 

Efrén O. Pérez, Duke University 

Overview: Are survey measures comparable across linguistic 

groups? This paper develops multi-group measurement models 

that test the invariance of political constructs across Englishspeaking 

non-Latinos; English-speaking Latinos; and Spanishspeaking 

Latinos. 

Paper Racial Cues and Candidate Vote Choice Among Asian 

Americans 

Natalie Masuoka, University of California, Irvine 

Kathy Rim, University of California, Irvine 

Overview: This paper examines the effect of co-ethnic candidates 

on Asian American vote choice. We consider the dimensions of 

Asian American racial group attachment and how this attachment 

is translated into voter preferences.

Paper Ideology vs. Social Identity: Partisan Identification of Latinos 

Seung-Jin Jang, Columbia University 

Overview: In Latino partisan identification, liberal-conservative 

ideology and ethnic identity play distinct roles: ideology affects 

the choice between the two parties, while social identity as ethnic 

group concerns the probability of opting for Independency. 

Disc. Vincent Hutchings, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 

31-2 RELIGIOUS FOUNDATIONS OF POLITICAL 

THEORY 

Room Dearborn 1, 7 th Floor, Sat at 8:00 am 

Chair Joseph Cobetto, University of Missouri, Columbia 

Paper The Political Thought of Lactantius 

Joseph S. Kochanek, Harvard University 

Overview: This paper is an exposition of the political thought of 

Lactantius, treating the character of Christian political thought 

before the Roman Empire established Christianity as the state 

religion, emphasizing war and pacifism. 

Paper Should Tolerance Extend to the Intolerant? 

Katherine M. Gott, University of Minnesota 

Overview: Mozert v. Hawkins, Rawlsian Deliberation, the reach 

of liberal civic education, and what Saint Augustine can teach us 

about tolerance in a religiously diverse society. 

Paper Humility in the Monastic Polis: The Rule of St. Benedict 

Mary M. Keys, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: Against a backdrop of modern philosophic claims that 

humility is a "monkish virtue" or even a vice, this paper examines 

humility and its civic implications in a classic founding document 

of Western monasticism, the 6th century RULE OF ST. 

BENEDICT. 

Paper The Unarmed Prophet's Weapon: Civil Religion in the 

Thought of Savonarola 

Rebecca J. McCumbers, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: This paper will examine Girolamo Savonarola’s 

“Treatise on the Rule and Government of the City of Florence” 

and his sermons on Haggai in an attempt to understand his views 

concerning the proper role for religion in the political sphere. 

Paper Marsilius of Padua’s Forgotten Discourse 

Gerson Moreno-Riaño, Regent University 

Overview: An investigation into the purpose of the oft forgotten 

Discourse III of the Defensor Pacis. Consideration is given to 

whether or not Discourse III merely summarizes Marsilius’ 

conclusions within Defensor Pacis or suggests new theoretical 

insights. 

Disc. Cary Nederman, Texas A&M University 

32-9 ROUSSEAUAN REVERIES 


Chair Sarah Jordan, Hong Kong University 

Paper The Natural Education of Citizens in Rousseau's Emile 

Pablo Kalmanovitz, Columbia University 

Overview: There is a tension between the ideals of self-sufficiency 

and republicanism in Rousseau’s Emile. Emile proposes a 

synthesis and not a dilemma between men or citizens, and pictures 

the sort of citizen that can make political life good 

Paper Freedom's Paradox: A Rousseauan Commentary on Anarcho- 

Primitivism 

Elric M. Kline, Rutgers University 

Overview: John Zerzan's primitivist philosophy resonates with 

anti-globalization activists, but fails to attract an academic 

audience. Using a definition of "nature" developed through 

Rousseau's "Emile," the critical and theoretically relevant Zerzan 

is saved. 

Paper Divorcing Wisdom: On the Sequel to Rousseau's Emile 

J. Harvey Lomax, University of Memphis 

Overview: A lengthy, very close study of "Emile and Sophie" puts 

Rousseau's Emile into a significantly different light. The short 

text has important implications, largely neglected, for family life 

and for politics. 

Paper Walking With Rousseau and Thoreau: On Nature and 

Liberalism 

Mina Suk, Johns Hopkins University 

Overview: This paper analyzes Rousseau's "Reveries of a Solitary 

Walker" and Thoreau's "Walking" and their reflections on 

individuality, freedom, embodiment, and movement by comparing 

four literary tropes in each text--walks, woods, words, and the 

wild. 

Paper Platonism in Rousseau's Reveries 

David L. Williams, University of Wisconsin, Stevens Point 

Overview: Rousseau's Reveries of a Solitary Walker reveals a 

deep commitment to Platonism in multiple respects, including his 

understanding of human nature, metaphysics, ontology, and 

epistemology. 

Disc. Jonathan Marks, Ursinus College 

32-22 DEMOCRACY AND ITS CRITICS 

Room LaSalle 1, 7 th Floor, Sat at 8:00 am 

Chair Joseph P. Lampert, Yale University 

Paper The Contested Legitimacy of Majoritarian Democracy in 19th 

C. Thought 

Amel F. Ahmed, Swarthmore College 

Overview: I examine the contested legitimacy of majoritarian 

democracy in 19th century thought through the works of J.S Mill, 

François Guizot, and John C. Calhoun. I explore their 

justifications for elite governance and the impact it has had on 

democratic discourse. 

Paper On Power and Technology: A Critique of Arendt and 

Foucault 

Xavier Marquez, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: I examine and critique Arendt and Foucault's views of 

power and technology, using this examination as an occasion to 

theorize the technological sources of the power of the modern 

state. 

Paper Detractors and Apologists: Anti-Liberalism and the Carl 

Schmitt Debate 

Christopher A. McKoy, University of California, Santa Barbara 

Overview: This paper proposes an interpretation of the 

significance of Carl Schmitt’s Weimar political thought. I argue 

for a ‘weak detractor’ position that takes Schmitt’s anti-liberalism 

seriously but rejects the claim that he inevitably became a Nazi. 

Paper The Democracy of the Common Man: Revisiting Dewey’s 

Political Thought 

Thamy Pogrebinschi, Instituto Universitário de Pesquisas do 

Rio de Janeiro (IUPERJ) 

Overview: This paper analyses Dewey’s approach to democracy in 

order to reactivate his claim that democracy should be grounded 

on human experience rather than on political institutions. 

Disc. Gerald Doppelt, University of California, San Diego 

33-8 USES AND ABUSES OF EXECUTIVE POWER 


Chair Timothy O. Lenz, Florida Atlantic University 

Paper Executive Power and the Rule of Law 

Jeffrey A. Becker, University of the Pacific 

Overview: This essay argues that acts of executive power are 

essential for maintaining and preserving the rule of law in 

American democratic politics. 

Paper Conservative Theory and Executive Power 

Timothy O. Lenz, Florida Atlantic University 


Overview: The nature and scope of presidential power is 

controversial because it is hard to reconcile with the rule of law. 

This paper examines the tradition of support for executive 

governance in conservative political philosophy. 

Paper Bureaucratic Liberalism 

Roger M. Michalski, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 

Overview: This paper explores a neglected brand of continental 

liberalism that I call ‘bureaucratic liberalism.’ It serves as a useful 

site to explore contemporary concerns with establishing liberal 

institutions in weak or failing states. 

Page | 203

Paper State Secrecy and Misrule: A Perfect Dilemma 

Rahul Sagar, Harvard University 

Overview: Democratic and republican theory presume oversight 

of the executive by citizens and public institutions prevents 

misrule. However, by failing to account for the role of state 

secrecy they underestimate the scope for manipulation by 

officials. 

Disc. TBA 

34-2 BUREAUCRACY AND DELEGATION 


Chair Sean Gailmard, Northwestern University 

Paper Delegation as a Way to Fix Policy Choices Beyond the Next 

Election 

Nicolai Petrovsky, Cardiff University 

Overview: Several theories of delegation claim that legislators use 

bureaucracies to fix policy choices beyond the next election. My 

paper shows that those models are a special case of a more general 

model that accounts for when that does, and does not, occur. 

Paper Separation of Powers, Information, and Bureaucratic 

Structure 

John W. Patty, Harvard University 


Overview: We present a formal model of administrative policymaking. 

Separation of powers limits Congress’s willingness to 

affect policy through informational biases. Congress prefers 

agents who seek to communicate informatively with the 

President’s agent. 

Paper Politicians versus Bureaucrats: Evidence from U.S. Local 

Governments 

Ruben Enikolopov, Harvard University 

Overview: I present a model and provide empirical evidence using 

panel data on local governments in the U.S. that show that directly 

elected public officials choose higher level of public employment 

than their appointed counterparts for political reasons. 

Paper Implicit Incentives, Policy Competence, and Bureaucrats' 

Career Prospects 

George A Krause, University of Pittsburgh 

Overview: I test the theoretical implications of the bureaucratic 

“career concerns” model. That is, I examine whether bureaucratic 

decisions and collective performance has consequences for the 

career propsects of Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) 

members. 

Paper A Theory of Policy Expertise 

Steven Callander, Northwestern University 

Overview: This paper presents a new theory of policy expertise. In 

contrast to existing theories, I define expertise as knowledge of the 

policy process itself. The theory offers a solution to the 

commitment problem of legislative-bureaucratic policy making. 

Disc. Sven Feldmann, Northwestern University 

37-13 POLITICAL PARTIES AND THE PRESIDENCY 


Chair Mikel Wyckoff, Northern Illinois University 

Paper A Comparison of Voters in Early and Late Presidential 

Nomination Contests 

Christian A. Farrell, University of Oklahoma 

Mary E. Outwater, University of Oklahoma 

Overview: This paper analyzes the similarities and differences in 

the demographic and decision-making processes of voters in early 

and late presidential nomination contests in 2000 and 2004. 

Paper George W. Bush and the Perils and Promise of the Partisan 

Presidency 

Richard M. Skinner, Williams College 

Overview: George W. Bush has taken presidential party leadership 

to a new extreme; this has had both positive and negative 

consequences for him and the political system. 

Page | 204 

Paper One for All and All for One? A Theory of Presidents and 

Their Parties 

Vidal Romero, ITAM 

Overview: I assess the conditions under which presidents’ and 

their parties’ interests diverge and develop a theory explaining 

when and how presidents are able to get their parties’ support to 

modify the status quo. 

Disc. Robert C. Lowry, University of Texas, Dallas 

38-6 PRESIDENTS, MEDIA, AND PUBLIC OPINION 

Room Parlor B, 6 th Floor, Sat at 8:00 am 

Chair Brendan J. Doherty, American Political Science Association 

Paper Presidential Exchanges with Reporters: Who, What, and 

When 

Martha Joynt Kumar, Towson University 

Overview: There are three types of exchanges presidents have 

with reporters: presidential press conferences, short question-andanswer 

sessions, and presidential interviews with one or more 

journalists. Taken together, how often do presidents respond to 

reporters questions. 

Paper Presidential Media Management and the Rally "Round the 

Flag Phenomenon” 

Simona Kragh, University of South Carolina 

Overview: The "rally 'round the flag" is a widely recognized 

phenomenon. Here I explain which interventions of the president 

are more likely to generate a favorable coverage by the press. 

Paper Agenda Priorities in an Open System 

Lara A. Grusczynski, Cardinal Stritch University 

Overview: This research examines the relationship among 

presidential, congressional, media and public agendas in an open 

system. The president's agenda is treated as a dependent variable 

in order to better explain the president's ability to maintain his 

focus. 

Paper Going Local: Local Newspaper Coverage of the Presidency 

Matthew Eshbaugh-Soha, University of North Texas 

Overview: This paper does not support the conventional wisdom, 

which holds that presidents will receive primarily positive 

coverage from local news media. A sample from recent presidents 

reveals, instead, that local newspaper coverage is not entirely 

"local". 

Disc. Jeffrey S. Peake, Bowling Green State University 

Karen S. Hoffman, Wheeling Jesuit University 

39-20 OUTSIDE INFLUENCES ON CONGRESS: MEDIA, 

THINK TANKS, AND PUBLIC OPINION 

Room Montrose 1, 7 th Floor, Sat at 8:00 am 

Chair Sean M. Theriault, University of Texas, Austin 

Paper The Role of Money in Policy Expertise and the Mass Media 

William M. Minozzi, Princeton University 

Overview: To craft policy, legislators rely on privately funded 

experts. This paper analyzes donations, mission statements and 

media mentions of think tanks using a structural model based on 

an informational theory of political communication. 

Paper The Influence of the Media and the Public on Policy Agendas 

Henrik M. Schatzinger, University of Georgia 

Overview: This paper examines the effects of the mass media and 

public opinion on congressional agendas. Analyzing the issue 

salience of the economy, education, and health care clarifies 

possible directions of causality among the three major agendas. 

Paper What do Legislatures Contribute to Democratic Transitions? 

William Mishler, University of Arizona 

Overview: The paper uses pooled time series survey data from 

from 13 newly democratic countries in Eastern and Central 

Europe to assess the reciprocal effects of public support for 

legislatures and regimes from 1991-2004. 

Disc. Sean M. Theriault, University of Texas, Austin 

Scott Ainsworth, University of Georgia

39-102 ROUNDTABLE: THE STATE OF THE 

LEGISLATIVE POLITICS SUBFIELD 

Room Adams, 6 th Floor, Sat at 8:00 am 

Panelist Sarah Binder, George Washington University 

Richard Hall, University of Michigan 



Overview: This roundtable focuses on the legislative subfield's 

contributions. Expert scholars with a range of perspectives will 

offer their insight on topics that have been overtilled and 

undertilled. 

40-2 VOTER CONFIDENCE AND ELECTION 

ADMINISTRATION IN THE 2006 MIDTERM 

ELECTIONS 


Chair James McCann, Purdue University 

Paper Voter and Poll Worker Confidence in Elections 


Thad E. Hall, University of Utah 

Overview: This paper combines two data sources—exit polls of 

voters and a survey of poll workers—to examine how confident 

voters and poll workers were in Cuyahoga County were in the 

2006 primary election and the factors that affected that 

confidence. 

Paper Purple Mountain Majesty: The Politics of Voter Confidence in 

Election Administration in Colorado and New Mexico 

Lonna Rae Atkeson, University of New Mexico 

Kyle L. Saunders, Colorado State University 

Overview: Using an original data set collected after the November 

2006 general election, this paper examines voter confidence and 

voter satisfaction in their election administration and how that 

varied across election contexts. 

Paper Voter Confidence in the Congressional Election of 2006 

Kelly D. Patterson, Brigham Young University 

David B. Magleby, Brigham Young University 

Overview: We examine how structural factors influence the voting 

experience and voter confidence. We use exit poll data on the 

voting experience and characteristics of individual voters together 

with data of the actual conditions at the polling locations. 

Disc. James McCann, Purdue University 

Morgan H. Llewellyn, California Institute of Technology 

41-102 AUTHOR MEETS CRITICS: HETTINGER, 

LINDQUIST, MARTINEK,"JUDGING ON A 

COLLEGIAL COURT" 

Room Monroe, 6 th Floor, Sat at 8:00 am 

Chair Artemus Ward, Northern Illinois University 

Panelist Virginia A. Hettinger, University of Connecticut 

Stefanie A. Lindquist, Vanderbilt University 

Wendy L. Martinek, SUNY, Binghamton 

Susan B. Haire, University of Georgia 

Thomas G. Hansford, University of California, Merced 

Richard L. Pacelle, Jr., Georgia Southern University 

Overview: The authors explain how law is shaped by dissensus in 

federal appeals courts. They focus on disagreement both within a 

judicial panel and between the levels of the federal judicial 

hierarchy to explain how attitudes impact judicial decisionmaking. 

42-1 BRINGING THE SUPREME COURT INTO 

AMERICAN POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT (Cosponsored 

with Judicial Politics and Politics and 

History, see 41-27 and 51-15) 


Chair Carol Nackenoff, Swarthmore College 

Paper Women Lawyers Forging Visions of Political Change and 

Shaping Public Agendas, 1900-1925 

Carol Nackenoff, Swarthmore College 

Overview: Using data from an open-ended 1918 survey of women 

lawyers in the United States, this paper will examine ways in 

which women lawyers took their training and knowledge into the 

public sphere, engaged in state-building activities, and worked for 

policies. 

Paper Legal Time, Political Time and Popular Constitutionalism: 

The Supreme Court in American Political Development 

Ronald Kahn, Oberlin College 

Overview: : Legal time is very different from political time as 

viewed by American Political Development scholars, and this 

raises questions both about applying APD generalizations to the 

Supreme Court and about popular constitutionalism. 

Paper From Lochner to the Brandeis Brief: The Supreme Court, 

Problem Definitions and the Burden of Proof 

Noga Morag-Levine, Michigan State University 

Overview: Using the Lochner-era as its focus, this paper explores 

the impact of change in the Court’s due-process doctrine on the 

problem definitions and litigation. 

Paper Notes Toward a Legal Genealogy of Color Blindness 

Julie Novkov, University of Albany 

Overview: This paper brings the insights of feminist international 

relations scholars and of constitutional law scholars on the “war 

on terror” to argue that the specific integration of formal case 

precedents and also discussion of the nature of the threats 

launched. 

Disc. Andrew McFarland, University of Illinois, Chicago 

42-4 INTERPRETING FOUNDING MOMENTS, RIGHTS, 

AND LEGITIMACY 

Room Burnham 1, 7 th Floor, Sat at 8:00 am 

Chair Laura J. Hatcher, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale 

Paper Founders at Cross Purposes: Framers of the State and 

National Constitutions 

Michael R. Fine, University of Wisconsin, Eau Claire 

Overview: The paper compares the principal participants at the 

National Constitutional Convention, state ratifying conventions 

and early state constitutional conventions to see if these 

participants recognized the different theories of federalism. 

Paper "Constitutional Politics as Paradigm" 

Mark A. Graber, University of Maryland 

Overview: This paper suggests that constitutional politics provides 

a better paradigm for constitutional studies that the law/politics 

distinction that structure New Deal analysis. 

Paper The Properties of a Person in U.S. Constitutional Terms 

David M. Speak, California Institute of Technology 

Overview: Drawing on materials from diverse settings, this paper 

argues for a constitutional return to an older wholistic and 

humanistic understanding of the core concept of property in U.S. 

Foundational terms. 

Paper Faith in the System: The Iraqi Constitution in Comparative 

Perspective 

Catherine Warrick, Villanova University 

Overview: Will providing a role for Islamic law in the Iraqi 

constitution preclude democracy? This depends on how religious 

law affects constitutional law and politics, as shown by 

comparative analysis of Arab, Israeli, European and American 

constitutions. 

Disc. Mitchell Pickerill, Washington State University 

43-3 INSTITUTIONAL DESIGN 


Chair Mark Sachleben, Shippensburg University 

Paper Legalization and (non-) Compliance with International Law 

Carina Sprungk, University of Victoria 

Overview: Bringing together the International Relations literatures 

on legalization and compliance, we develop and empirically test 

hypotheses on how legalization might matter for compliance with 

international law. 

Paper The Design of Monitoring Institutions in Environmental 

Agreements 

Hyeran Jo, University of Michigan 

Overview: To understand the process of this design of monitoring 

institutions in environmental agreements, I identify the 

determinants of monitoring institutions and theorize their effects. 

Page | 205

Paper Solving Cooperation Problems: When Membership Provisions 

Perform the Task 

Papia Debroy, University of Michigan 

Barbara Koremenos, University of Michigan 

Overview: I explore how membership provisions can solve 

enforcement and information problems by examining the history 

of the provisions in case studies and in a large-N statistical 

analysis using a dataset of randomly selected international 

agreements. 

Paper International Institutions, Transnational Advocacy and 

Reproductive Rights 

Feryal M. Cherif, University of California, Riverside 

Overview: Transnational advocacy has delivered what are hailed 

as noteworthy reforms in the area of reproductive rights, but as 

with other women’s rights, there is little understanding of how this 

issue-advocacy has influenced states’ reproductive policies. 

Paper Saw No Evil? The Influence of Attitudes on Decision Making 

at the ICTY 

McKinzie C. Craig, University of North Texas 

Christopher J. Fariss, University of North Texas 

Overview: We evaluate decisions at the International Criminal 

Tribunals for the Former Yugoslavia to see if the attitudinal model 

or the legal model better explains decisions in the international 

realm. 

Disc. Valerie O. Morkevicius, University of Chicago 

Mark Sachleben, Shippensburg University 

44-8 THE ROLE OF MONEY IN STATE POLITICS 

Room Parlor C, 6 th Floor, Sat at 8:00 am 

Chair Edward Alan Miller, Brown University 

Paper Does Campaign Finance Reform Influence State Alcohol 

Policy? 

Lilliard E. Richardson, University of Missouri 

Jeff Milyo, University of Missouri 

Overview: Do contribution limits affect the provision of public 

policy? Using cross-sectional time-series analysis of data from the 

50 states from 1986 to 2002, we assess the effect of corporate and 

PAC contribution limits on alcohol policies adopted by the states. 

Paper Connecting Contributors: Contribution Networks in State 

Legislative Elections 

Andrea McAtee, Indiana State University 

Kimberly A. Fredericks, Indiana State University 

Overview: What accounts for differences between networks of 

party contributions between parties and amongst states? We use 

the emerging methodology of social network analysis to derive 

measures describing variation in Democratic and Republican 

contribution network. 

Paper Distribution and Redistribution in the American States 

Nathan Kelly, University of Tennessee 

Josh Grubbs, University of Tennessee 

Overview: This paper examines cross-temporal and crosssectional 

variation in market inequality and redistribution in the 

American States. A variety of macro-political, demographic, and 

economic determinants are examined. 

Disc. Sarah M. Morehouse, University of Connecticut 

45-8 RACE, INCOME, AND POLITICAL 

PARTICIPATION 


Chair Paul Schumaker, University of Kansas 

Paper Voting and Inequality: Evidence from a Philadelphia Election 

Hillard W. Pouncy, Princeton University 

Amy Hillier, University of Pennsylvania 

Jason Booza, Wayne State University 

Overview: This case study determines that neighborhood support 

for political candidates differs significantly by local inequality 

structures. As American cities lose their share of middle income 

families their share of high and low-income families rises. 

Page | 206 

Paper The Politics of Integration Development: The Seattle Public 

Schools and The Seattle Plan 

Jennifer M. Hehnke, University of Oregon 

Overview: This paper focuses on desegregation/integration policy 

development and the changing politics and movements 

surrounding the history of the Seattle Plan, Seattle’s 

comprehensive mandatory desegregation plan beginning in 1978. 

Paper Civic Participation of Asian Americans in Suburbs: A Case 

Study of Southern Californian Suburbs 

HyeYoung Chang, University of Southern California 

Young Joo Chi, University of Southern California 

Overview: Suburbanization has been one of the biggest changes in 

the United States over the last fifty years. However, despite the 

enormous change that has occurred in American society, few 

research has been done examining the impacts of suburbanization. 

Paper Bridging the Contact and Threat Hypotheses: An Empirical 

Examination of the Conditioning Effect of Socioeconomic 

Context 

Jason C. Booza, Wayne State University 

Overview: The purpose of this paper is to propose a study that will 

bridge the empirical and theoretical gaps between the contact and 

threat frameworks. Both frameworks assert that the racial context 

of an environment exerts and influence on individual racial 

attitudes. 

Paper Organizing Salinas Style: The Consequences of Active Ethnic 

Mobilization 

Sarah E. Reckhow, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: To explore the active organizational sector in Salinas, 

California, I survey 23 organizations which represent racial and 

ethnic groups in local politics and interview several organizational 

leaders. 

Disc. Paul Schumaker, University of Kansas 

Tatishe M. Nteta, University of California, Berkeley 

46-8 CONNECTING OPINION AND POLICY 


Chair Max Neiman, University of California, Riverside 

Paper What’s The Problem? Using Risk Perception to Understand 

Policy Problems 

Grant W. Neeley, University of Dayton 

Overview: To investigate how individual’s attitudes, demographic 

characteristics and risk perceptions determine the ability to 

understand scope of problems across multiple domains. 

Paper The Public's Support for Disaster Preparedness Planning 

Policy 

Max Neiman, University of California, Riverside 

Dean Bonner, Public Policy Institute of California 

Overview: Using a survey of Californians, we analyze items that 

explore the views about preparing disaster planning and public 

support for taxes specifically designed to provide disaster 

planning. Results show the enduring role of ideology and 

partisanship. 

Paper Tinkering Towards a National Identification System: 

Opinions from Citizens 

Valentina A. Bali, Michigan State University 

Overview: This paper seeks to understand citizens’ opinions 

towards reform and standardization of identification systems, in 

particular as mandated by the REAL ID Act of 2005, and how 

these opinions may be shaped by alternative “framings” of the 

issue. 

Paper Dimensions of Religosity, the Death Penalty and Public 

Opinion 

Joshua T. Matthews, Mount Union College 

Alecia Varner, Mount Union College 

Andrew Hickerson, Mount Union College 

Overview: This research utilizes Lam's (2001) dimensions of 

religiosity to examine how religious traditions generate public 

opinion as it pertains to public policy issues, in this case, the death 

penalty.

Paper Why Do You Believe So?: Policy Beliefs and Social Capital 

Hyun J. Yun, University of Florida 

David M. Hedge, University of Florida 

Overview: This study shows how beliefs about redistributive, 

morality, and government activism policies are influenced by 

individuals’ various levels of general trust and multi-dimensional 

social networks (i.e., types, time spent, extensiveness, and size). 

Disc. Andrea` L. Campbell, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 

47-4 POLICY INNOVATIONS AND IMPACT 

Room Parlor E, 6 th Floor, Sat at 8:00 am 

Chair Erin O'Brien, Kent State University 

Paper Nursing Facility Deficiencies: Relations with Quality and 

Enforcement 

Charles Lockhart, Texas Christian University 

Jean Giles-Sims, Texas Christian University 

Kristin Klopfenstein, Texas Christian University 

Overview: Using cross-state, time-series regression, we examine 

whether low rates of nursing facility care deficiencies are more 

indicative of high quality of care or weak enforcement of care 

standards, affirming the former possibility. 

Paper Illusion of Reform: Persistent Failures of Immigration 

Reorganization 

Sharon A. Barrios, California State University, Chico 

Overview: Far from improving the implementation of immigration 

policy, the recent reorganization of the immigration services will 

only exacerbate their perennial problems, ensuring that they 

continue to be among America’s most dysfunctional agencies. 

Paper Unintended Consequences: Political Outcomes of the 

Compassion Capital Fund 

Jennifer Shea, University of Massachusetts, Boston 

Overview: Public policies come with unintended consequences. 

This paper examines the unintended consequences of the 

Compassion Capital Fund on the political and civic engagement of 

faith and community based organizations in Massachusetts. 

Paper Maternal Employment and the New Politics of Retrenchment 

Jason Jordan, Florida State University 

Overview: How have the new politics of retrenchment affected the 

gendered orientation of welfare states? Why have some states 

responded to retrenchment with labor-force activation, while 

others attempt to reduce the demand of mothers for paid 

employment? 

Disc. Mark C. Rom, Georgetown University 

Melissa B. Michaux, Willamette University 

50-19 DETERMINANTS OF POLICY CREATION AND 

ADOPTION 


Chair Randall Davies, Indiana University 

Paper Federal Home Loan Banks: A New Player in Community 

Development 

Mark Cassell, Kent State University 

Susan Hoffmann, Western Michigan University 

Overview: The paper explains how the Federal Home Loan Bank 

System, a government sponsored enterprise created during the 

depression to support home ownership, has become an important 

player in the field of affordable housing and community 

development. 

Paper Symbolic Racism as a Determinant of Support for Education 

Spending 

Shannon Davis, University of Arkansas 

Todd G. Shields, University of Arkansas 

Overview: We argue that other public evaluations of American 

schools must more carefully theorize about the importance of 

racial attitudes. 

Paper Collaborative Management and Social Capital: A Network 

Analysis of HUD COPC 

Christopher V. Hawkins, Florida State University 

Simon A. Andrew, University of North Texas 

Overview: A study of the HUD sponsored Community Outreach 

Partnership Center (COPC) program. A quasi-experimental 

research design with network analysis is used to test if the COPC 

program is successful in building inter-organizational social 

capital. 

Paper A Model of Bureaucratic Policy Innovation 

Wayne A. Thornton, Harvard University 

Overview: I propose a model of bureaucratic policy innovation. 

My paper first develops the model, and then demonstrates its 

plausibility by explaining historical cases from two disparate 

policy areas-- national defense and agriculture. 

Paper The Choice for Regulatory Impact Assessment 

Vera E. Troeger, University of Essex 

Claudio Radaelli, University of Exeter 

Fabrizio De Francesco, University of Exeter 

Overview: In this paper we construct a measure based on factor 

scores of the extent of the implementation of RIA for 21 European 

countries. We do a simple econometric analysis examining the 

factors that lead governments to implement RIA. 

Disc. Shelly Arsneault, California State University, Fullerton 

53-7 RELIGION AND PUBLIC OPINION 


Chair Reed L. Welch, West Texas A&M University 

Paper Authoritarianism and Church-State Attitudes in the United 

States 

Traci L. Nelson, University of Pittsburgh 

Overview: This paper examines the manner and extent to which 

authoritarianism predicts attitudes toward the relationship between 

church and state in the United States. 

Paper Am I My Brothers Keeper?: Religiosity and Attitudes Toward 

Homosexuality 

Paul G. Gottemoller, Southern Illinois University 

Randolph Burnside, Southern Illinois University 

Overview: By using feeling thermometers in conjunction with 

anchoring vignettes we explore the relationship between religious 

beliefs and individual feelings toward homosexuals. 

Paper The Role of Racial Worldview in White Evangelical Political 

Behavior 

Jessica H. Johnson, University of Cincinnati 

Overview: This paper gives an overview of the previous research 

explaining the role of religion in the political behavior of White 

evangelicals, and presents a new theory integrating racial 

worldview with religious interpretation. 

Paper Political Participation and Tolerance: American Evangelicals 

in Transition 

Robert G. Moore, Delta College 

Overview: This study evaluates changes in rates of voting and 

political participation for American Evangelicals and how 

participation interacts with increasing rates of tolerance among 

Evangelicals toward atheists, and gays and lesbians 

Disc. Ted G. Jelen, University of Nevada, Las Vegas 

Reed L. Welch, West Texas A&M University 

55-3 ACTIVE PARTICIPATION IN LEARNING 


Chair Eugene J. Alpert, The Washington Center for Internships and 

Academic Seminars 

Paper Undergraduate Moot Court: Lessons Learned from Students 

Charles R. Knerr, University of Texas, Arlington 

Anna Araka, University of Texas, Arlington 

Overview: In this paper, the authors examine the costs and 

benefits of Undergraduate Moot Court to faculty. 

Teaching American Politics with a Semester-Long Simulation 

Russell G. Brooker, Alverno College 

Overview: This paper describes a semester-long simulation used 

in American Politics courses. Students research political issues, 

interest groups, and members of the House and their districts, and 

participate in a simulated session of the House. 

Paper CSI, A Computer Assisted Simulation Game 

Richard W. Dutson, Mount Union College 

James Klayder, Mount Union College 

Overview: CSI, Crisis Simulation International, is a Computer 

Assisted Simulation Game. It is designed to be used in lower 

level Foreign Policy, National Security or International Relations 

Page | 207

courses to provide hands on application of the theories being 

taught. 

Paper Organizing a Congressional Candidate Debate as Experiential 

Learning 

Keith Boeckelman, Western Illinois University 

Janna Deitz, Western Illinois University 

Overview: This paper will describe and assess the impact of 

involving students in organizing and preparing questions for a 

debate between the two candidates in the open seat race for 

Illinois' 17th Congressional District. 

Disc. Mark J. Richards, Grand Valley State University 

60-4 CIVIL DIALOGUE ACROSS “ENEMY” LINES 

Room Parlor J, 6 th Floor, Sat at 8:00 am 

Chair Molly Patterson, Aquinas College 

Paper Civic Discourse and Opposing Views 

Geraldine Perreault, University of Northern Iowa 

Overview: Will describe leadership philosophy, assumptions, 

method used, and benefits in having students experience arguing 

views with which they disagree. 

Paper TBA 

Cheryl Faires, 

Overview: TBA 

Paper TBA 

Konnie Kuraz, 

Overview: TBA 

Disc. Molly Patterson, Aquinas College 

Page | 208

Saturday, April 14 – 9:50 am – 11:25 am 

1-115 ROUNDTABLE: MEET THE EDITORS OF APSR 

AND AJPS, JOP AND PRQ 

Room Red Lacquer, 4 th Floor, Sat at 9:50 am 

Chair APSR: Ronald Rogowski, University of California, Los Angeles 

Panelist APSR: Kathleen Bawn, University of California, Los Angeles 

APSR: Daniel S. Treisman, University of California, Los 

Angeles 

APSR: John Zaller, University of California, Los Angeles 

AJPS: Marianne Stewart, University of Texas, Dallas 

JOP: John Geer, Vanderbilt University 

PRQ: Amy Mazur, Washington State University 

Overview: The editors of the four journals will discuss journal 

policies and plans, answer questions, and exchange ideas with 

members of the scholarly community, including the new UCLAbased 

editorial team at APSR. 

3-10 GLOBALIZATION: WINNERS AND LOSERS 


Chair Thomas E. Flores, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 

Paper Globalization, Political Elite Choices: Democracy in Africa 

and Middle East 

Matthew T. Bradley, Indiana University, Kokomo 

Overview: Globalization wages uncertainty on fragile African and 

Middle Eastern states. Political mavericks can manipulate fragile 

governments while attempting to mitigate the impact of 

globalization. What impact does globalization have on nascent 

democracies? 

Paper Globalization, Power Shift, and Industrial Structure: 

Comparing the Post-Crisis Economic Development of S. Korea 

and Taiwan 

Chen-Hou Chiang, University of Denver 

Overview: To what extent does the power shift transform Korean 

and Taiwanese states to implement upgrading policies on the one 

hand and to what extent does globalization impact the existing 

industrial structure of South Korea and Taiwan on the other. 

Paper MNCs Accountability to Human Security in Africa: Rethinking 

Governance 

Cyril Fegue, New York University 

Overview: Amidst the avatars of globalization the unbundling 

process of private forces such as MNCs, entrenched in the profitmaximizing 

rationality, poses a threat to Human Security. How to 

hold MNCs responsive to ensuring Human Security in African 

context ? 

Paper Globalization, Leftist Government and Poverty: A Pooled 

Time-Series Analysis, 1975-2005. 

Eunyoung Ha, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: This paper examines the impact of globalization and 

the ideological position of the government on poverty rate using 

pooled time-series data analysis for eighty six countries from 1975 

to 2005. 

Paper The Politics of Globalization, Social Welfare and Citizenship 

in Africa 

Lauren M. Morris MacLean, Indiana University 

Overview: I compare the local impacts of economic globalization 

in Ghana and Ivory Coast. I show how divergent histories of state 

formation have stimulated differences in social reciprocity with 

significance for indigenous notions of citizenship and democracy. 

Disc. Thomas E. Flores, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 

3-22 STATES, TAXATION, AND REDISTRIBUTION 


Chair Jose Cheibub, University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana 

Paper The Politics of Resource Distribution in Developing 

Federations: Argentina and Brazil 

Lucas I. Gonzalez, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: I advance a game-theoretical framework to explain the 

shifting distribution of resources in federal democracies arguing 

that political power is critical but it is also necessary to look at the 

actors’ strategic interactions in different contexts and arena. 

Paper Regional-Racial Cleavages Effects on Taxation Outcomes: 

Argentina and Brazil 

Hiram J. Irizarry, Ohio State University 

Overview: Argentina has collected fewer taxes, although 

wealthier, than Brazil because of Brazil’s greater territorial 

resources de-concentration, earlier establishment of a central 

government, and greater percentage of non-white population than 

Argentina. 

Paper Pension Policy in East Asia and Latin America 

Illan Nam, Princeton University 

Overview: This project examines the different trajectory of 

pension policies in Latin America and East Asia. 

Paper The Network Foundations of State Capacity in Latin America 

Melissa Ziegler, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: Building upon state capacity theories that analyze the 

state as a network, I test how physical links (roads, railroads, 

phones, computers) between state and societal actors affect tax 

collection in Latin America. 

Disc. Jose Cheibub, University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana 

4-11 RESOURCE CURSE AND DEMOCRACY 


Chair John A. Doces, University of Southern California 

Paper Distribution and Power in Petro-States 

Ryan Kennedy, Ohio State University 

Overview: This paper provides theoretical and empirical evidence 

that a limited number of economic variables explain the 

concurrent observations of political stability and instability in fuel 

dependent states, and how it relates to the "natural resource curse." 

Paper High Oil and Natural Gas Prices, Property Rights and 

Democracy: A Comparative Study 

Parviz Soltanov, Texas Tech University 

Overview: With the comparative case studies of Russia, 

Venezuela, Bolivia, Iran, United Kingdom, Norway, Denmark and 

Netherlands I try to test the following hypothesis: democracy 

grades of countries rich in oil and natural gas decrease only when 

high world market plunges. 

Paper Oil-Gas and Transition to Democracy in the Middle East 

Islam Y. Qasem, Pompeu Fabra 

Overview: Does oil-gas wealth impede the transition from nondemocracy 

to democracy? If oil-gas inhibits democracy, then what 

are the causal mechanisms? The aim of this paper is to answer 

these two questions using cross-case analysis. 

Paper Oil: Curse or Blessing for Cambodia's Democracy and 

Economic Development? 

Kheang Un, Northern Illinois University 

Overview: This paper argues that, given present traditions and 

institutions based on patronage networks, Cambodia's recent oil 

discovery might become 'a curse' rather 'a blessing' for Cambodian 

democracy and development. 

Disc. Ben Ansell, University of Minnesota 

5-6 REGIONAL ORGANIZATION, REPRESENTATION, 

AND POLITICAL CONTROL 


Chair Robin E. Best, Syracuse University 

Paper Presidential Impeachment and Regional Party System in 

Korea in Comparative Perspective 

WooJin Kang, Florida State University 

Overview: Among institutional provisions, fixed term and nonconcurrent 

election play important role in regard to discrepancy of 

main concerns between two major actors: president and the 

legislator. 

Paper Who's Minding the Locals? Federalism, Ethnic Diversity, and 

Political Conflict in Democracies 

Claudia Dahlerus, Alion College 

Overview: This paper explains why federal and unitary 

institutional arrangements differently impact targeting of ethnic, 

gender-based, and labor organizers in the course of political 

protest in European democracies. 

Page | 209

Paper Indigenous Populations in Federal Systems: A Comparison of 

the U.S. and Canada 

Melissa S. Shaffer-O'Connell, Western Michigan University 

Gregory E. Rathje, Western Michigan University 

Overview: How indigenous peoples fit into the federal systems of 

Canada and the United States has been a vexing problem to both 

countries for centuries. Although the problem is similar, the two 

countries have addressed it in different ways. 

Paper Female Suffrage and Redistribution: A Case-Control Study of 

Swiss Cantons 

Holger L. Kern, Cornell University 

Overview: We use time-series data on government spending and 

economic outcomes in Swiss cantons together with a synthetic 

control group design to estimate the causal effect of extending the 

franchise to women. 

Disc. Robin E. Best, Syracuse University 

Bonnie M. Meguid, University of Rochester 

6-6 POLITICAL CONSEQUENCES OF ELECTORAL 

LAWS 


Chair Francois Gelineau, Universite Laval 

Paper The Institutional Determinants of Postmaterialism 

Salomon E. Orellana, Michigan State University 

Overview: It is argued here that citizens in democracies and 

proportional electoral systems should exhibit higher levels of 

postmaterialism than citizens in nondemocracies and majoritarian 

systems. 

Paper Electoral Reform and Voter Turnout: A Comparative 

Analysis 

Ryan Carlin, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Gregory Love, University of California, Davis 

Overview: We examine how electoral reform, in interaction with 

resources and political sophistication, influences turnout. Our 

multilevel models employ CSES data from over 50 elections in 

new and established democracies to address these questions. 

Paper Why it Might be More Rational to Vote for Parties That 

Won't Win 

Peter M. Jaworski, Bowling Green State University 

Overview: Given five fairly simple conditions, the paper aims to 

demonstrate that third party voting is more rational than voting for 

a major party that has a chance of winning. 

Paper What Determines Divided Government in Korea? 

Jaesung Ryu, Seoul National University 

Overview: Korean voters have frequently chosen split control over 

the executive and legislative branches of government since the 

1988 National Assembly election as the American voters have 

done so for the last couple of decades. 

Disc. Francois Gelineau, Universite Laval 

7-12 WELFARE STATES AND STATE-SOCIETY 

RELATIONS IN SOUTHERN EUROPE 


Chair W. Rand Smith, Lake Forest College 

Paper Voters, Politicians and Budget Constraints: Comparing 

Pension Reform in Southern Europe 

Nikolaos Biziouras, Harvard University 

Overview: Develops and tests a new model of party competition 

to show how declining voter turnout has led an increased reliance 

on public-sector unions which prevented pension reform in Italy, 

Spain, Portugal and Greece. 

Paper Social Enterprises and the Formation of Civic Capital in 

Southern Europe: Insights from Northern Italy 

Vanna Gonzales, Arizona State University 

Overview: Drawing on both qualitative and quantitative data 

gathered from an in-person survey of 140 social cooperatives in 

northern Italy, I will analyze the extent to which these 

organizations, as a unique blend of non-profit business and civic 

association, foster the formation of civic capital. 

Paper Health Reform Paradoxes in Southern Europe 

Katerina Linos, Harvard University 

Overview: This paper traces the development of National Health 

Services in three countries – Britain, a pioneer, and Spain and 

Page | 210 

Greece, two late comers, to develop and test a model of crossnational 

learning. 

Paper The Left Divided: Parties, Unions and the Politics of Wage 

Protection in Post-Authoritarian Portugal and Spain 

Sara Watson, University of British Columbia 

Overview: By focusing on Spain and Portugal, this paper analyzes 

the political coalitions which emerged out of the divided lefts in 

each country. It shows how these divisions led to different models 

of social protection in each country. 

Disc. W. Rand Smith, Lake Forest College 

8-12 LEGISLATIVE POLITICS IN LATIN AMERICA 


Chair Cesar Zucco, University of California, Los Angeles 

Paper Representative Careers: Career Patterns and Representation 

in Latin America 

Felipe Botero, Universidad de los Andes 

Overview: This paper examines the patterns of political careers in 

Colombia. It analyzes electoral results from 1958-1998 and 

inquires the extent to which Colombian legislators are reelection 

seekers as portrayed in the literature on American legislators. 

Paper Legislative Performance in Mexico: A Comparative Study of 

the Effects of Electoral Competition on Subnational 

Democratic Governance 

Yomara Guerra Aguijosa, Georgetown University 

Overview: This paper elucidates the effects of electoral 

competition on legislative parties’ behavior, policy-making 

capacities, and legislative effectiveness in the budgetary process 

and oversight in the Mexican states. 

Paper Representation in Multiparty Systems: The Importance of 

Organization 

Karleen A. Jones, University of Iowa 

Overview: Using data on legislative campaigns from the 2006 

elections in Ecuador, the analysis demonstrates that the 

representational style of candidates from small parties – such as 

ethnic parties – differs significantly from candidates of large 

parties. 

Paper Legislative Behavior of the Senators and Deputies under 

Federalism 

Hirokazu Kikuchi, University of Pittsburgh 

Overview: Do senators and deputies behave differently under 

federalism? If so, what factors influence the differences? To 

answer these questions, I analyzed the legislative behavior of the 

senators and deputies in Argentina using data on roll-call votes. 

Paper Authoritarian Patterns in Latin American Legislatures 

Marcelino Miranda, Université de Paris III-Sorbonne Nouvelle 

Overview: By analysing the centralisation of power by 

congressional parties in Latin American legislatures, this paper 

identifies authoritarian patterns in the legislatures that deter further 

democratisation. 

Disc. Brian Crisp, Washington University 


9-10 SUBNATIONAL POLITICS IN CHINA 


Chair Lawrence C. Reardon, University of New Hampshire 

Paper China's New Provincial Leaders 

Zhiyue Bo, St. John Fisher College 

Overview: As a precursor to the 17th National Party Congress in 

2007, elections for provincial party committees in China have 

been scheduled for the second half of 2006 and the first half of 

2007. 

Paper Local Political Business Cycle in Contemporary China 

Gang Guo, University of Mississippi 

Overview: This paper first explores the theoretical linkages 

between local leadership turnovers, budgetary behavior, and 

economic conditions in contemporary China, and then subjects 

that to an analysis of a comprehensive panel data set of all Chinese 

counties.

Paper A Study of Chinese Peasants’ Voting Behavior in Village 

Elections 

Xinsong Wang, Georgia State University 

Overview: This paper uses a nationwide survey collected in 2005 

to examine the effects of socioeconomic, subjective, and 

institutional factors on Chinese peasants’ voting behavior. 

Disc. Lawrence C. Reardon, University of New Hampshire 

13-7 POST-COMMUNIST STATE CAPACITY AND 

INSTITUTIONS 


Chair Dinissa S. Duvanova, Ohio State University 

Paper The Bureaucracy and Social Insurance in Post-Communist 

Countries 

Sarah E. Wilson, Ohio State University 

Overview: Using interviews, statistical data, and secondary 

sources from field research in 2006, I argue that bureaucratic 

autonomy and discretion, which do not coincide, are determining 

factors in healthcare and pension reform in the Russian 

Federation. 

Paper The Black Box of the Past: Postcommunist Governance, 

Legacies and Mechanisms 

Cristina Corduneanu-Huci, Duke University 

Lenka Siroky, Duke University 

Overview: The paper attempts to investigate the impact of 

institutional resilience (developmental legacies) and institutional 

change (civil service reform) on the quality and variance of 

current governance and economic performance in the postcommunist 

region. 

Paper Civil Service Reform in Southeastern Europe: The Impact of 

the EU Montoring Process 

Katja Michalak, Ohio State University 

Overview: During the last two decades political, social and 

economic changes have occurred in Eastern Europe. Many states 

have attempted to reform their civil service bureaucracies, but we 

know little about the determinants of success of such reform. 

Paper Kareiski: The Failed Political Engineers in the North Korean 

State-Building 

Joongho Kim, University of Hawaii, Manoa 

Overview: This research is to better understand the characteristics 

of North Korea by reviewing the memoirs of the eighty Korean 

Russians (kareiski) who actively participated in the North Korean 

state-building during the 1940s and 1950s. 

Paper Core Executive Reform and its Impact on Sectoral Reforms: 

The Cases of Russia and Poland 

S. Mohsin Hashim, Muhlenber College 

Overview: The paper seeks to evaluate the role of core executive 

reform in implementing “second generation” sectoral reforms in 

post-communist Russia and Poland. The paper will focus on two 

areas of sectoral reforms - namely housing and pension. 

Disc. George A. Vassilev, University of Chicago 

14-17 ISSUES IN MONETARY POLITICS (Co-sponsored 

with Economic Policy, see 48-6) 


Chair Daniela Campello, University of California, Los Angeles 

Paper Democracy and Sovereign Default Risk in International 

Credit Markets 

Yong Kyun Kim, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Overview: The paper presents and tests a dynamic model of 

sovereign default taking into account both a leader's time horizon 

and distributional effects of default within an economy. 

Paper Financial Market Crises and the Political Costs of Capital 

Controls 

Thomas B. Pepinsky, Yale University 

Overview: Using data from across the developing world, this 

paper shows that while capital controls can hasten economic 

recovery during financial sector crises, such barriers also decrease 

the likelihood of democratic transitions during these crises. 

Paper Electoral Rules and Central Bank Independence in 

Presidential Systems 

Gyung-Ho Jeong, Washington University, St. Louis 

Overview: Party-centered electoral rules in presidential systems 

tend to generate high levels of bureaucratic discretion, because 

they reduce legislators' incentive and ability to develop legislative 

professionalism and a strong legislative committee system. 

Paper Conflicting Mandates: Central Banks, Regulation, and 

Inflation 

David A. Singer, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 

Mark S. Copelovitch, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: Central banks that are also responsible for bank 

regulation will be more sensitive to the profitability and stability 

of the banking sector, and therefore less likely to alter interest 

rates solely on the basis of price stability objectives. 

Paper Doing the Impossible: Rethinking the Unholy Trinity and the 

Effects of Capital Mobility 

David Steinberg, Northwestern University 

Overview: Conventional wisdom holds that it is impossible for 

states to simultaneously have mobile capital, currency pegs and 

independent monetary policy. I show that this conclusion is not 

supported by either logic or evidence. 

Disc. Steven R. Hall, Ball State University 

15-11 THE DOMESTIC IMPACTS OF INTERNATIONAL 

TRADE AND FINANCE 


Chair Katri K. Sieberg, Binghamton University 

Paper International Trade and Domestic Political Elites in 


Antonio C. Pedro, Jr., Washington University, St. Louis 

Overview: This paper models political elites as economic actors, 

and responds to two questions. How does international trade affect 

the durability of political elites? How do political elites cope with 

pressures exerted under increasing global trade? 

Paper Domestic Institutions and Embedded Liberalism 

Stacy Bondanella, University of Pittsburgh 

Overview: This paper asks whether domestic institutions mediate 

the effect of imports on welfare state spending. It is argued that 

spending on policies aimed at offsetting the costs of increased 

imports will be higher in systems with higher proportionality. 

Paper A Study of Economic Integration and State Repression 

Dona Roy, University of South Carolina 

Overview: This paper investigates if the liberal proposition that of 

economic interdependence leads to peaceful state behaviour 

extends to domestic behaviour of the states. 

Paper International Finance and Civil Conflict in Heterogeneous 

Societies 

Terrence L. Chapman, Emory University 

Eric Reinhardt, Emory University 

Overview: We examine a redistributive politics model with a 

foreign finance component to demonstrate a link between 

restrictions in finance and expropriation from a minority. We test 

results on data on repression and civil conflict, correcting for 

endogeneity. 

Disc. Katri K. Sieberg, Binghamton University 

16-13 SECRECY, UNCERTAINTY, AND STRATEGIC 

AMBIGUITY 


Chair Randall L. Schweller, Ohio State University 

Paper Keeping Them Guessing: A Theory of Strategic Ambiguity 

Brett V. Benson, Vanderbilt University 

Emerson M. S. Niou, Duke University 

Overview: International relations theory maintains that 

commitments should be firm and transparent in order to be 

credible. The paper demonstrate conditions under which 

deliberate ambiguity can outperform traditional transparent 

deterrence commitments. 

Page | 211

Paper Signals and Silence: Public vs. Secret Military Mobilization 

Philipp Fuerst, Emory University 

Overview: This paper offers a formal signaling model that 

incorporates the possibility of secret mobilization in interstate 

crises. 

Paper Uncertainty, Crisis Negotiations and Signaling 

Unislawa M. Wszolek, Ohio State University 

Overview: Uncertainty in crises has been identified as one of the 

perennial causes of war. Yet in the context of crises, leaders 

frequently obfuscate their communications. This paper argues that 

they do so because uncertainty can be strategically useful. 

Disc. Andrew H. Kydd, University of Pennsylvania 

17-11 CASE-BASED APPROACHES TO TERRORISM 

AND ETHNIC CONFLICT 


Chair Maria V. Koinova, Harvard University/University of 

Massachusetts, Amherst 

Paper Securing the State: Political Violence and Ethnic Conflict in 

Sudan 

Jennifer De Maio, California State University, Northridge 

Lisa Blaydes, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: This paper examines the sources of conflict and 

patterns of violence in the Sudan from 1990-2004. 

Paper The Effect of Peace Organizations on Terrorism in Spain 

Evan J. Wilson, University of Illinois, Springfield 

Overview: A look at terrorism in Spain and how the peace 

organizations Gesto por la Paz and Elkarri are helping the Basque 

region see that terror is not the answer. 

Paper The Ethnic Dimension of the Maoist Insurgencies: Nepal, 

Peru, and India 

Mahendra Lawoti, Western Michigan University 

Overview: I compare the ethnic dimensions of the Maoist 

Insurgencies in Peru, Nepal and India. I show that the 

combination of the state and Maoists’ attitudes toward indigenous 

groups can explain their participation and the trajectory of the 

insurgencies. 

Paper Strategic Extremism: Fatwas, Violence, and the Competition 

for Religious Authority 

Jeremy M. Menchik, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: I apply Adam Smith’s theories on religious institutions 

to Islamic organizations in Indonesia and show that extremism 

may be a rational, strategic response to increasing competition for 

religious authority. 

Disc. Samuel S. Stanton, Jr., Grove City College 

18-8 ECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF FOREIGN 

POLICY 


Chair Michael J. Engelhardt, Luther College 

Paper Global Perspective, International Media Bias and U.S. 

Foreign Policy 

Nancy B. Burgoyne, Seattle University 

Overview: This project considers international media bias in 

response to U.S. foreign policy in the Middle East. The analysis 

traces broadcast as well as print media coverage of the 2006 war 

in Lebanon and considers bias in various global media outlets. 

Paper The End of the Arab Era: The Johnson Administration and 

Arms For Israel 

Michael J. Engelhardt, Luther College 

Overview: Before the Johnson Administration the United States 

provided only defensive arms, and a minimal amount of them, to 

either side in the Arab-Israeli dispute. The paper shows that 

Johnson's decision to provide arms to Israel was based on a desire. 

.Paper Determinants of Foreign Assistance: Ronald Reagan Through 

George W. Bush 

Donald D. A. Schaefer, Tulane University 

Overview: The purpose of this paper is to discuss the changes that 

took place in foreign assistance under the Reagan administration 

and to show the consequences of those changes, which continued 

through the next three administrations. 

Page | 212 

Paper Carrot or Stick? U.S. Foreign Aid and Recipient Country UN 

Voting Compliance 

Xiaojun Li, University of Georgia 

Overview: This paper uses a cross-sectional time series 

simultaneous equations model to examine the relationship 

between U.S. foreign aid and recipient country UN voting 

compliance from 1997 to 2004 and finds that aid is used to induce 

voting compliance. 

Disc. James J. Marquardt, Lake Forest College 


18-101 ROUNDTABLE: CANADIAN FOREIGN POLICY: 

NEW APPROACHES AND PERSPECTIVES (Cosponsored 

with Canadian Politics, see 12-101) 

Room Adams, 6 th Floor, Sat at 9:50 am 

Panelist James T. McHugh, American University 

Patrick James, University of Southern California 

Bethany Barratt, Roosevelt University 

Overview: This roundtable includes contributors to the new book 

"Canadian Foreign Policy" who will address some of Canada's 

role in international security, North American relations, and 

alternative approaches to sovereignty, human rights, and global 

stability. 

19-9 ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL INTEGRATION 


Chair Michael B. Hawes, Georgetown University 

Paper Assessing the Participation of Democracies in Multilateral 

Treaties 

Mark Sachleben, Shippensburg University 

Overview: The paper examines different variables to assess the 

characteristics of democratic states participating in multilateral 

treaties. Different rates of participation can be accounted for, to an 

extent, by variation in systemic and state level variables. 

Paper How Did They Get Here? Tracking the Progress of the 

International Monetary Fund and the World Bank in their 

Ability to Assess Poverty under the Poverty Reduction and 

Strategy Program 

Pamela Blackmon, Valparaiso University 

Overview: The implementation of the Poverty Reduction Strategy 

Papers (PRSPs) was important in addressing the increasing 

poverty levels in the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC). 

This paper will indicate that the reduction of trade barriers is 

necessary. 

Paper Bilateral Trade and the Diffusion of Human Rights Norms 

Brian D. Greenhill, University of Washington 

Aseem Prakash, University of Washington 

Overview: We present results of a quantitative analysis of the way 

in which bilateral trade linkages can serve as a mechanism for the 

diffusion of particular human rights norms. 

Paper Economic Integration, Preference Convergence, and Political 

Decisions 

Wonjae Hwang, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 

Overview: This paper examines the impact of economic 

integration on changes of state preferences, which are gauged by 

their voting behavior in the United Nations. It attempts to explain 

changes of patterns of state preferences over the time period, 

1946. 

Paper Preference Similarity and Interstate Commercial Cooperation 

Jung In Jo, Lee University 

Overview: Does preference similarity influence foreign policy 

behavior? I show that the similarity of preference between dyads 

is likely to affect the probability of interstate economic 

cooperation by entering PTAs. 

Disc. Matthew S. Weinert, University of Delaware 

Michael B. Hawes, Georgetown University

21-201 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: AMBIVALENCE 

Room State, 4 th Floor, Table 1, Sat at 9:50 am 

Presenter On the Antecedents of Partisan Ambivalence 

Howard Lavine, Stony Brook University 

Marco Steenbergen, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Chris Johnson, Stony Brook University 

Overview: Little work has examined the origins of partisan 

ambivalence. We examine how the effects of such contextual 

factors (elite polarization, partisan representation) depend on the 

cognitive, motivational, and ideological predispositions of voters. 

Presenter Assessing the Dynamics of Ambivalence 

Neil T. Baer, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Elizabeth Popp, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Overview: As a first step toward understanding the dynamics of 

ambivalence, we utilize an original experiment to examine 

whether the stability of ambivalence is a function of the 

information environment. 

22-9 PARTISANSHIP AND VOTING BEHAVIOR 


Chair David A. M. Peterson, Texas A&M University 

Paper Information and the Strength of Partisanship 

Matthew A. Childers, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: Instrumental theories of voting behavior anticipate that 

partisanship becomes more important in low information 

elections. This paper examines how partisanship, as a cognitive 

shortcut, varies with high and low information elections. 

Paper Priorities and Partisanship 

Melanie Goodrich, New York University 

Overview: This paper examines the relationship between an 

individual's partisanship, the issues that are politically important to 

her, and the issues that the political parties are publicly discussing. 

Paper Party and Policy in Presidential Voting 

Stephen Jessee, Stanford University 

Overview: I show that policy views exert a significant influence 

on voting behavior. I go on, however, to demonstrate that party 

ID is a large biasing force in people's voting behavior, and the 

while independents use voting rules that are quite similar to 

Downsian. 

Paper Identifying with “The Lesser of Two Evils”: Dynamic 

Processes Underlying Partisan Stability 

Eric W. Groenendyk, University of Michigan 

Overview: National survey and experimental results suggest that, 

when threatened, citizens maintain their party identities by 

derogating the opposition party and re-justifying their partisanship 

on the basis of these opposition related feelings. 

Paper Issue Ownership Among Different Groups of Voters 

Michael R. Wolf, Indiana University Purdue University, Fort 

Wayne 

Overview: This study differentiates those whose issue voting 

strictly follows their party identification from those voters whose 

vote should be drawn from a clear connection to the party they 

feel best handles salient issues. 

Disc. David A. M. Peterson, Texas A&M University 

22-15 HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES ON VOTING 

BEHAVIOR 


Chair Adam Berinsky, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 

Paper Vital Statistics: Births, Deaths, Immigration and Political 

Change 

Richard W. Boyd, Wesleyan University 

Overview: Through births, deaths, and immigration, the electorate 

rapidly replaces itself. I analyze the consequences of population 

turnover on party identification, vote turnout, and political values 

from 1950-2004. 

Paper The Federalist Papers vs. Majoritarianism: How to Measure 


Christopher H. Achen, Princeton University 

Larry M. Bartels, Princeton University 

Overview: This paper takes up the history of representation 

theory, especially the unfortunate consequences of 

majoritarianism in American politics during the past century. We 

also propose a way to measure the quality of Burkean (trustee) 


Paper Intrastate Robin Hoods?: Voting for Old-Age Pensions in the 

U.S. States 

Ryan T. Moore, Harvard University 

Overview: I test models of inequality and social preference for 

redistribution using data that accords with model assumptions, 

newly-developed ecological inference software, and multilevel 

Bayesian modeling. 

Paper Why Germans Chose Protectionism in the Late 1870s 

Sibylle H. Lehmann, Trinity College, Dublin 

Overview: In 1878 the liberal parties lost the majority in the 

parliament which they had defended in the general election just 

one year before. This paper investigates where the voters came 

from and why the voting changed so crucially within one year. 

Paper The Political Conditioning of Economic Perceptions in the 

2004 U.S. Presidential Election 

Mark A. Pickup, University of Oxford 

Geoffrey Evans, University of Oxford 

Overview: Economic theories of voting argue that the individual 

vote decision is heavily influenced by the performance of the 

economy. Inferences about the direction of causality between 

perceptions of the economy and party support remain 

questionable. 

Disc. Adam Berinsky, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 

23-8 CANDIDATE ATTRIBUTION AND THE 

CAMPAIGN 


Chair John Sides, George Washington University 

Paper “One Thing I’ve Learned…”: An Experimental Test of 

Background Appeals 

Brian K. Arbour, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: Does a candidate's background matter to voters? Using 

an experiimental design to hold constant a candidate's policy 

message while varying his occupational background, I find that 

background information improves perceptions of a candidate's 

sincerity. 

Paper Candidate Ideology in Presidential Elections 

Jeffrey A. Fine, Clemson University 

James M. Avery, Richard Stockton College 

Overview: This research examines candidate position-taking in 

speeches and debates in the 2000 presidential election. We use 

these primary campaign materials to determine the causes of 

candidate ideology, as well as its effect on turnout and vote 

choice. 

Paper Favorite Son Candidates and Localism in Voter Preferences 

James G. Gimpel, University of Maryland 

Kimberley Karnes, University of Maryland 

John M. Mctague, University of Maryland 

Shanna Pearson-Merkowitz, University of Maryland 

Overview: This paper revisits the “friends and neighbors” theory 

to see if the decrease in localized news has impacted the extent to 

which candidates receive a hometown advantage and how this 

advantage dissipates as distance from the home increases. 

Paper Television and the Personalization of Politics 

Danny Hayes, Syracuse University 

Overview: Using National Election Studies data (1952-2004), I 

examine the extent to which television has made presidential 

candidate personality and image more important to voters, 

compared to party identification and other factors. 

Disc. Noah J. Kaplan, University of Houston 

Page | 213

24-4 ELECTORAL SYSTEMS AND ACCOUNTABILITY 


Chair Eduardo L. Leoni, Harvard University 

Paper Accountability and Representation: Voter Approaches to 

Elections 

Stephen D. Fisher, University of Oxford 

Laurence Lessard-Phillips, University of Oxford 

Sara Hobolt, University of Oxford 

John K. Curtice, University of Strathclyde 

Overview: Evaluates the circumstances under which people use 

their vote to either hold the government to account or choose a 

party that represents their views, or both, by using data from the 

second module of the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems 

project 

Paper The Impact of Electoral Competitiveness on Voters’s Attitudes 

Toward Government: Evidence from the U.S., Great Britain, 

and Canada 

Thomas L. Brunell, University of Texas, Dallas 

Liz Clausen, University of Texas, Dallas 

Overview: We theorize that both winning and losing voters ought 

to exhibit higher levels of trust in government and efficacy when 

they live and vote in a district that is more competitive relative to 

voters in less competitive districts. 

Paper How Changing Electoral Incentives Can Help the Poor 

Karen L. Jusko, University of Michigan 

Overview: Do legislators manipulate antipoverty policy to suit 

their electoral goals? Presenting evidence from two cases in which 

electoral incentives changed -- Italy and Germany, this research 

supports an electoral incentives account of antipoverty policy. 

Paper Dyadic Representation in Canada 

Kelly Blidook, McGill University 

Overview: This paper finds compelling evidence that an "electoral 

connection" exists in Canada. The individual legislative behaviour 

of Members of Parliament is affect by electoral pressure, which 

results in dyadic representation of electoral constituencies. 

Paper On the Parliamentary Behaviour of Legislators 

Margit Tavits, University of Missouri, Columbia 

Overview: I argue that MPs with strong personal reputations 

manifested in prior local level representative experience are more 

likely to break party unity in parliament. This relationship holds 

across a variety of electoral systems. 

Disc. Matthew Golder, Florida State University 

25-11 PUBLIC OPINION ON SOCIAL POLICY 


Chair Christian Bjornskov, University of Aarhus 

Paper Beyond Declining Confidence: The Public’s Priorities for 

Education 

Rebecca Jacobsen, Columbia University 

Tamara Wilder, Columbia University 

Overview: Using a unique data source, this paper explores 

preference differentials on educational priorities and shows that 

one’s own educational attainment and income levels have a 

significant impact on the prioritization of educational goals. 

Paper Shifting Frames and Public Opinion on the Right to Die 

Joshua Green, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: The connection between religiosity and opposition to 

assisted suicide is channeled through opinions on abortion and the 

death penalty. Abortion, the death penalty and the "right to die" 

are all connected and part of the same opinion structure. 

Paper Public Opinion on National Health Insurance and the 

Implications for Healthcare Reform 

Sara L. Manning, University of Kentucky 

Overview: Attitudes about health insurance provide an 

opportunity to extend public opinion literature to ascertain the 

determinants of healthcare attitudes. Attitudes on social programs 

should be predictive of healthcare attitudes and have great 

implications. 

Page | 214 

Paper Why Do African-Americans Have Mixed Support for the 

Death Penalty? 

Charles M. Hinderliter, University of South Carolina 

Overview: A study of how individual level variables and racial 

attitudes, such as linked fate and group threat, impact the support 

of African-Americans for the death penalty in the United States. 

Disc. Christian Bjornskov, University of Aarhus 

25-20 OPINIONS, PUBLIC POLICY, AND DEMOCRATIC 

RESPONSIVENESS (Co-Sponsored with Public Policy, 

see 46-16) 


Chair Richard R. Lau, Rutgers University 

Paper Measuring Democratic Responsiveness 

Jason Barabas, Florida State University 

Overview: Studies on opinion-policy linkages are often heavily 

dependent on the availability of survey questions pertaining to the 

national public policy agenda. I explore how changes in polling 

affect calculations of whether democracy works in America. 

Paper Segmented Representation: The Reagan White House and 

Disproportionate Responsiveness 

James N. Druckman, Northwestern University 

Lawrence R. Jacobs, University of Minnesota 

Overview: Are the decisions of American policy makers 

influenced by the attitudes of the general public or by the views of 

distinct sub-groups of voters? This paper seeks to identify 

disproportionate influence of economic and political subgroups on 

policies. 

Paper A Theory of Legislative Response to Public Opinion 

Patrick J. Egan, Princeton University 

Overview: The positions taken by Democrats on Democratic 

owned issues are much less sensitive to district opinion than those 

taken by Republicans. Similarly, Republican positions are less 

responsive to public opinion than those taken by Democrats. 

Paper The Effect of Party Cues and Information on Public Opinion 

Formation 

John D. Griffin, University of Notre Dame 

Jonathan Ladd, Georgetown University 

Gabriel Lenz, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 

Overview: We examine whether the effect of party cues on public 

opinion is stronger than that of objective information that runs 

counter to the cues. 

Paper On the Limits to Inequality in Representation 

Stuart Soroka, McGill University 

Christopher Wlezien, Temple University 

Overview: This paper examines homogeneity and heterogeneity in 

preferences for public policy, across income and education levels, 

and party identification, and across policy domains in the U.S., 

UK and Canada. 

Disc. Martin Gilens, Princeton University 

Ben Page, Northwestern University 

26-12 GOING ABOVE AND BEYOND: PARTICIPATION 

BEFORE NOVEMBER AND BEYOND THE GRAVE 


Chair Tina M. Ebenger, Calumet College of St. Joseph 

Paper Floating Activists: Moving and Shaking Among the Movers 

and Shakers 

Ryan Claassen, Kent State University 

Overview: Campaign success depends on ability to attract 

previously active activists. I use panel data to model longitudinal 

variation in campaign participation while also addressing 

endogeneity issues associated with cross-sectional studies of 


Paper Political Identities in Obituaries 

Shannon I. Smithey, Westminster College 

Overview: 50 years worth of obituaries reveal the kinds of people 

who care enough about politics to continue the fight after their 

deaths. They also shed light on the civic engagement debate by 

revealing the extent of organizational memberships at death.

Paper Types of Political Participation: Civic Innovation 

Andrew McFarland, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Overview: Lacking established institutions, scattered citizens 

seeking public action to rectify injustice to all citizens, innovate 

forms of participation. 

Paper Partisan Attachment and Voter Representativeness in 

Presidential Primaries 

Bryan M. Parsons, University of South Carolina 

Phillip J. Ardoin, Appalachian State University 

Overview: The intensity of partisan attachment has been largely 

overlooked in the study of primary voter representativeness, and 

may be a more significant factor than ideology in understanding 

turnout in presidential primaries. 

Disc. Tina M. Ebenger, Calumet College of St. Joseph 


27-12 DEPICTIONS OF MUHAMMAD, PRISONER 

ABUSE, AND THE WAR WITH IRAQ 


Chair Danielle Vinson, Furman University 

Paper What Explains Torture Coverage During War? A Search for 

Realistic Answers 

Doris A. Graber, University of Illinois 

Overview: Based on content analyses, the paper appraises the 

fairness of charges that torture coverage is inadequate. It dissects 

the dilemmas facing journalists who cover torture stories and 

develops a realistic theory for predicting torture coverage. 

Paper The Fourth Estate and Torture at Abu Ghraib 

Ramune Braziunaite, Bowling Green State University 

Overview: Covering torture at Abu Ghraib media created forum to 

question not only military’s misconduct but also to evaluate 

medias’ role in influencing the public. This paper will provide an 

analysis of coverage of prisoner abuses taking the framing 

approach. 

Paper The Attitude-Changing Power of Words and Pictures in the 

Case of Abu Ghraib 

John M. Fulwider, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 

Kelly M. Greenhill, Wesleyan and Harvard Universities 

David A. Weaver, University of California, Santa Barbara 

Overview: Pictures may be worth 1,000 words, but how much are 

they worth in shaping attitudes? We experiment with images of 

prisoner abuse at Abu Ghraib to speak to ongoing debates about 

the power of words and of images to affect public opinion. 

Paper Crossing the Line? Freedom of Speech and Religious 

Sensibilities 

S. Suzan J. Harkness, University of the District of Columbia 

Jameka Roberts, University of the District of Columbia 

Overview: This paper examined the cartoon controversy depicting 

the Prophet Muhammad and the subsequent global protests and 

boycotts. 

Paper Cut and Run or Stay the Course: Framing the Iraq War End 

Game 

Erika G. King, Grand Valley State University 

Robert A. Wells, Thiel College 

Overview: This study examines the frame contest over the issue of 

U.S. withdrawal from Iraq, specifically how the media has 

depicted the Bush administration's narrative of the Iraq War end 

game and Rep. John Murtha's (D-PA) challenge to it. 

Disc. Elizabeth A. Skewes, University of Colorado, Boulder 

28-11 THE GENDER DIMENSIONS OF WELFARE AND 

SOCIAL POLICY 


Chair Susan Mezey, Loyola University 

Paper Negotiating the Ideology of Motherhood: The Construction of 

Mothers on Welfare in Mainstream Leftist Media Discourse 

Marissa I. Guerrero, University of Chicago 

Overview: Researchers have widely documented the 

problematically raced and gendered dimensions of mainstream 

and right-wing media discussions of American recipients of 

welfare benefits. The approaches of leftist publications, however, 

remain relatively unexamined. 

Paper The Equal Rights Amendment and Women's Citizenship 

Rosemary Nossiff, Marymount Manhattan College 

Overview: This paper argues that a major reason for women's 

inequality can be traced to the defeat of the ERA. It analyzes the 

ERA campaign against the backdrop of equal protection cases 

brought in the 1970& 80s when the ERA was before the states. 

Paper Issues of Rationality and Justice in Welfare Reform Programs 

Mary Ann E. Steger, Northern Arizona University 

Overview: The paper explores the changes that would occur if the 

principles of communicative rationality and a system of social 

justice that recognizes difference and disadvantage were used in 

the policy designs of welfare reform programs. 

Paper Rape and the Politics of Reaction 

Francis X. Shen, Harvard University 

Overview: This 50 state mixed-methods analysis finds that male 

state legislators practice a politics of reaction, disproportionately 

proposing laws aimed at punishment of stranger and child rape. 

Female legislators practice a politics of prevention. 

Disc. Virginia Beard, Michigan State University 

Jacqueline DeLaat, Marietta College 

28-207 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: THE HARD PART OF 

BECOMING A FEMALE REPRESENTATIVE? 

BECOMING A FEMALE CANDIDATE 


Presenter The Hard Part of Becoming a Female Representative? 

Becoming a Female Candidate 

Christopher Balding, University of California, Irvine 

Overview: Electoral studies focusing on female candidates has 

failed to capture why women are elected or not elected. By using 

unique candidate level data across Western democracies and 

incorporating the Heckman Two Step procedure to eliminate 

sample selection. 

28-208 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: GENDER AND 

PUBLIC POLICY IN KOREA AND TAIWAN 


Presenter Female Immigrants, Social Capital and Public Sphere in 

Taiwan 

Yu-Ching Lin, City University of New York 

Wei-Ting Wu, City University of New York 

Overview: This paper argues that through social capital building, 

excluded groups are able to formulate their own voices in the 

public debates, and construct counterpublics that can re-demarcate 

the boundary of the private and the public. 

28-209 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: WOMEN AND 


PERSPECTIVE 


Presenter Post-Soviet Legislatures: Women’s Substantive 


Raminta Stockute, University of Kansas 

Overview: I address the question whether female deputies are 

more likely than their male counterparts to vote in support of 

women’s issues. I examine roll-call votes from the Fifth Duma of 

the Russian Federation. 

29-11 MARGINS TO MAINSTREAM?: ASIANS AND 

LATINOS/AS AND THE POLITICS OF INCLUSION 

Room Parlor H, 6 th Floor, Sat at 9:50 am 

Chair Joseph Stewart, Jr., Clemson University 

Paper Belonging and the Gaze of Suspicion: South Asian Immigrants 

in the Post-9/11 US 

Sangay K. Mishra, University of Southern California 

Overview: This paper looks at the experiences of South Asian 

immigrants in the post-9/11 United States. It particularly looks at 

the experiences of marginalization faced by different sections of 

this group and the ways in which religion, country of origin and 

race. 

Page | 215

Paper The Effects of Transnational Ties on Latino Immigrant 

Political Incorporation 

Adrian D. Pantoja, Pitzer College 

Rafael Jimeno, Arizona State University 

Javier Rodriguez, Arizona State University 

Overview: We draw on survey data from the 2002 National 

Survey of Latinos to test two competing propositions: one holding 

that transnational ties are an impediment to political incorporation, 

the other holding that transnational ties co-exist. 

Paper Awaking the Sleeping Giant: 21st Century Latino Political 

Mobilization 

Corinna A. Reyes, California State University, Channel Islands 

Overview: This paper examines the future of Latino political 

mobilization by examining the 2006 pro-immigrant marches and 

the use of modern technology by protest organizers. I argue that 

the marches represent a critical juncture for Latino political power. 

Paper Naturalization Rates of Asian Immigrants by Ethnicity and 

Nationality 

Steven N. Tran, University of Houston 

Phaik S. Lim, Texas A&M University 

Overview: Compared to other racial groups, Asian Immigrations 

have the lowest naturalization rates. Most naturalization studies 

compare rates by racial groups or national origins. We look at 

rates across eight Asian groups separated by ethnicity and 

nationality. 

Paper Asian American Political Participation in Hawaii and the 

Mainland 

Kathy H. Rim, University of California, Irvine 

Overview: Using data from the 2000 Pilot National Asian 

American Political Survey (PNAAPS) this study compares the 

development of group consciousness and its impact on political 

participation between Asian Americans living in Hawaii and on 

the mainland U.S. 

Disc. Ricardo Ramirez, University of Southern California 

Joseph Stewart, Jr., Clemson University 

30-5 THE PROBLEM OF CIVIC EDUCATION 


Chair Pamela Jensen, Kenyon College 

Paper Even Keel: The Aims of Early Education in Book Seven of 

Plato's Laws 

Dana Jalbert Stauffer, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: I argue that the discussion of early childhood education 

in Book Seven of Plato's Laws illuminates Plato's understanding 

of the limits of civic education. 

Paper A Threshold in Socrates' Education: An Examination of the 

Introductory Scenes in Plato's Protagoras 

Lisa Leibowitz, Kenyon College 

Overview: This paper examines the introductory scenes of the 

Protagoras with an eye to what they suggest about the character of 

the dialogue and its contribution to our understanding of Socrates' 

own education. 

Paper Advantages of Just War: Averroes' Understanding and Use of 

Courage in Plato's Republic 

Linda Rabieh, Tufts University 

Overview: This paper aims to illuminate and explore the peculiar 

revisions and adaptations that the great Islamic philosopher, 

Averroes, makes to Plato's account of courage and of the way in 

which the just city wages war in his Republic. 

Paper The Source of the True Society: I-Thou in Plato and Genesis 

Eugen L. Nagy, Catholic University of America 

Overview: The very cause and source of the I-Thou relationships 

that constitute society, and the constant source of the truth about 

the I, is found in the intercourse with the essential Thou - the 

source of I's existence. 

Disc. Kevin M. Cherry, University of Notre Dame 

Page | 216 

32-10 ROUSSEAU 


Chair Mara G. Marin, University of Chicago 

Paper Undermining the Possibility of Law: Rousseau's General Will 

Reconsidered 

Jason P. Di Gianni, SUNY, Albany 

Overview: A reconsideration of Rousseau’s general will showing 

the limits it places on the citizen’s ability to create law. Instead, 

the general will is shown to foster recognition that laws are 

demonstrations of particular wills and therefore unnecessary. 

Paper Rousseau and the Limits of Compassion 

Jonathan Marks, Ursinus College 

Overview: Public intellectuals and scholars, from Nussbaum to 

Etzioni to Himmelfarb have looked to compassion to shore up or 

supplement liberalism. I consider Rousseau's potential 

contribution to the discussion among such public intellectuals and 

scholars. 

Paper The "Black Rousseau" and Rousseau 

Joyce M. Mullan, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: This paper analyzes to what extent Frantz Fanon, the 

"Black Rousseau" can really be assimilated to the thought of Jean- 

Jacques Rousseau. 

Paper Rousseau on Justice in the Absence of Legal Precedents 

Ethan Putterman, National University of Singapore 

Overview: In this paper, I examine the question of judicial 

decisionmaking for civil and criminal legislation in the ideal state 

of the Social Contract. I argue that such an organ as a 'judiciary' 

does exist in Rousseau's state but its autonomy is limited. 

Paper Burke and Rousseau on the Foundations of Political Life 

Andrea M. Radasanu, Northern Illinois University 

Overview: This paper proposes to compare Burke and Rousseau 

on the question of the foundations of political society. Although 

Burke is known as a vigorous critic of Rousseau, this paper seeks 

to show that the similarities between the two are important. 

Disc. Mara G. Marin, University of Chicago 

33-9 THE BOUNDARIES OF THE POLITICAL: 

SPHERES, PLACES, AND REALMS 


Chair Eli L. Meyerhoff, University of Minnesota 

Paper Political Theory, Political Science, and the End of Civic 

Engagement 

Benjamin F. Berger, Swarthmore College 

Overview: The buzz word “civic engagement,” common in 

political science and theory, confuses our discourse and so it must 

go. We should follow the spirit (but not the letter) of Hannah 

Arendt in distinguishing between political, social and moral 

engagement. 

Paper Public Values in Private Life: Non-Coercive Implications of 

Public Reason for the State and Citizens 

Corey Brettschneider, Brown University 

Overview: I argue that the ideal of public reason has implications 

for civil society and the family. I am particularly concerned to 

show the consistency of my transformative project with liberal 

rights such as freedom of association and conscience. 

Paper Fostering Sense of Place: How Environmental Is It? 

Jessica Taverna, University of Utah 

Overview: The Katrina disaster highlights problems with the 

environmental sense of place literature: Are there some places that 

are environmentally unfit for occupation? I rethink the way 

connection to place has been utilized by environmental political 

theory. 

Disc. Eli L. Meyerhoff, University of Minnesota

33-24 PROBLEMS OF MODERN POLITICAL THOUGHT: 

ESTRANGEMENT, ALIENATION, ILLUSION, AND 

LOVE 


Chair Christian D. Dean, Dominican University of California 

Paper Action and Reconciliation with Estrangement in Hegel's 

Phenomenology 

John W. Ackerman, Northwestern University 

Overview: In his Phenomenology, Hegel develops an account of 

action that questions the idea that agency involves being 

reconciled with one’s acts. Instead, action’s sociality enacts selfconsciousness’s 

continual estrangement (Entzweiung) from them. 

Paper Seeing the Specter: A Gothic Metaphor of Baudrillard’s 

Symbolic and Impossible Exchange 

Clifford D. Deaton, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Overview: The metaphor of specter evolves through its 

interrelationship with the subject, and is mirrored in examples 

from Pop music to the Mummy of Lennin. It progresses from 

Symbolic to show Impossible Exchange. 

Paper The Illusion of Realism: Machiavelli's Virtuous Violence and 

the Republican Tradition 

Dustin E. Howes, St. Mary's College of Maryland 

Overview: One of the hallmarks of Machiavelli's work is his 

purportedly realistic account of the relationship between violence 

and politics. This paper argues that he overestimates the reliability 

of violence and that this misstep has become part of the republican 

tradition. 

Disc. Christian D. Dean, Dominican University of California 

34-9 INTEREST GROUPS 


Chair Maria Petrova, Harvard University 

Paper Variable Sum Games as Models of Public Goods 

James C. Roberts, Towson University 

Overview: This paper derives the preference functions of 

individuals that make up each of Olson's privileged, intermediate, 

and latent groups. 

Paper Does Privilege Matter? Rethinking the Logic of Collective 

Action 

Lawrence S. Rothenberg, University of Rochester 

Jaehoon Kim, Samsung Research Institute 

Overview: Much empirical analysis of industry political activity 

has led to the questioning of the collective action logic by which 

those in concentrated groups are better able to mobilize to pursue 

public rewards. 

Paper Multi-dimensional Cheap Talk, Free Speech, and 

Commitment 

Sven Feldmann, Northwestern University 

Overview: The nature of equilibria and amount of information 

revelation in cheap talk signaling games depends not only on the 

dimensionality of the state space, but also on the degree of 

commitment assumed for the receiver. 

Paper A Theory of Corporate Lobbying Coalitions 

Sanford C. Gordon, New York University 

Catherine Hafer, New York University 

Overview: We provide a game-theoretic model in which multiple 

competing firms choose to lobby collectively, individually, or not 

at all, to explain this variation in behavior, its timing with respect 

to the legislative process, and its policy consequences. 

Disc. John W. Patty, Harvard University 

35-8 MODELING DYNAMICS 


Chair Anton Westveld, University of Washington 

Paper But Wait There’s More! Making More out of Pooled Time 

Series Models 

Laron K. Williams, Texas A&M University 

Guy Whitten, Texas A&M University 

Overview: We present a technique that allows scholars to produce 

dynamic simulations of relationships over long periods of time. 

Paper Conflict Phases and Processes: Bayesian Markov-Switching 

Models of Endogenous Systems 

Patrick T. Brandt, University of Texas, Dallas 

Justin Appleby, University of Texas, Dallas 

Overview: We present a Markov switching Bayesian time series 

model is inter- and intra-state conflicts. We show how these 

models can be used 1) to identify and estimate switching processes 

in international relations and 2) to improve forecasts of these 

conflicts. 

Paper Merging Time Series Using the Kalman Filter and EM- 

Algorithm 

Gregory E. McAvoy, University of North Carolina, Greensboro 

Overview: This paper describes a procedure for merging time 

series that are intended to measure the same concept over time, but 

under conditions when no single time series contains all the 

relevant information. 

Paper Back to the Future: Modeling Time Dependence in Binary 

Data 

Curtis Signorino, University of Rochester 

David Carter, University of Rochester 

Overview: We propose a simple method for controlling for 

temporal dependence in binary data models: using t, t^2, and t^3, 

which serves as a Taylor series approximation to the hazard. 

Disc. Luke J. Keele, Ohio State University 

37-9 CONTEMPORARY PARTY ORGANIZATIONAL 

ELECTORAL ACTIVITIES 


Chair Brian P. Frederick, Northern Illinois University 

Paper One Agent – Multiple Principals: A Theory of Political 

Consultants 

Robin Kolodny, Temple University 

Overview: Applies principal-agent theory to the study of political 

consultants, developing a theory of ordered principals. Shows that 

political party relationships with political consultant is the 

leitmotif for all other contracts with political consultants. 

Paper Political Parties in the Money-Driven Campaign Economy 

Jonathan S. Krasno, Binghamton University 

Overview: This paper describes how parties have adapted 

themselves to a campaign economy based on money, rather than 

labor, and argues that these adaptation have undercut parties' 

traditional role in elections. 

Paper Why the Methods Matter: The Effectiveness of Party 

Contacting Tactics Since the 1950s 

Daniel C. Reed, University of Georgia 

Overview: This research examines the changing roles of parties 

and interest groups in the electoral arena, and its effect on methods 

of voter mobilization. 

Disc. Seth E. Masket, University of Denver 

38-7 PRESIDENTIAL RHETORIC AND AGENDA 

SETTING 


Chair Lara A. Grusczynski, Cardinal Stritch University 

Paper The Decider is a Divider: The Conflict Model of Presidential 

Leadership 

Joseph J. Foy, University of Wisconsin, Waukesha 

Overview: The development and examination of the crisis model 

of executive leadership dominating the administrations of the postmodern 

presidents. 

Paper Stealing or Staying Away: Presidential Rhetoric on Opposition 

Issues 

David B. Holian, University of North Carolina, Greensboro 

Overview: Previous work argues that presidents can succeed in 

neutralizing opposition issues. Yet presidents often find speaking 

out on such issues reaps few rewards. This research studies this 

discrepancy. When should presidents discuss out-party issues? 

Paper Presidents, the Media and Pseudo-Events: George Bush and 

America's Newspapers 

Jeffrey S. Peake, Bowling Green State University 

Overview: The paper explores and compares the front-page 

coverage in the top 100 U.S. newspapers of three separate Bush 

Page | 217

events during the summer of 2006. The content analysis focuses 

on political biases and the competition for frames that emerge. 

Paper Presidential Responsiveness to Public Opinion 

Justin S. Vaughn, Texas A&M University 

Overview: This paper examines how the political environment and 

the type of presidential behavior shape the responsiveness of 

presidential policy positions to the public’s ideological 

preferences. 

Paper The Presidency as Seen by Presidents in the Inaugural 

Addresses 

Michael E. Bailey, Berry College 

Overview: Here I examine the inaugural addresses to note how 

presidents over time have rhetorically treated the office of the 

presidency within America’s constitutional separation of powers 

system, as well as from the broader context of democracy. 

Disc. Matthew Eshbaugh-Soha, University of North Texas 

Laurie L. Rice, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville 

39-8 CONGRESS AND THE BUREAUCRACY 


Chair Jason A. MacDonald, Kent State University 

Paper Divided Government and Bureaucratic Gridlock: The Case of 

Regulatory Policy 

Erik K. Godwin, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Overview: Divided government causes federal regulatory gridlock 

when the houses of Congress are of different parties, but not when 

Congress is unified. This has implications for policymaking and 

extant theories of congressional control of the bureaucracy. 

Paper Impacts of Divided Government on Congressional Use of 

Temporary Authorization 

Sebahattin Gultekin, University of North Texas 

Overview: The Congress is believed to hold bureaucracy 

accountable effectively through various means including 

temporary authorization. This paper focuses on impacts of divided 

government on congressional use of temporary authorization. 

Paper Congressional Control over Bureaucracy: Ex Ante vs. Ex Post 

Controls 

Hong Min Park, Washington University, St. Louis 

Overview: The paper examines how Congress controls the 

bureaucracy in the United States. By using time-series data 

(1947-2001), the paper argues 1) political parties matter, and 2) ex 

ante and ex post mechanisms are complementary, not 

supplementary. 

Paper BRAC Attack: Delegation, Politics, and the Closing of 

Military Bases 


Colin E. Flora, Indiana University, South Bend 

Overview: This study seeks to examine the BRAC process over 

the past 15 years to determine if closure and realignment decisions 

are based strictly on military merit or whether other political 

factors play a role. 

Paper One for the Legislators, Two for the Bureaucrats 

Laila F. Sorurbakhsh, University of Houston 

Overview: This paper examines the relationship between special 

legislative commissions and the bureaucracy in developing 

countries, as they are formed in response to national crises. 

Disc. Rene Lindstaedt, SUNY, Stony Brook 

Jason A. MacDonald, Kent State University 

40-1 CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS AND THE 

ELECTORAL CONNECTION ACROSS TIME 

Room Parlor B, 6 th Floor, Sat at 9:50 am 

Chair William T. Bianco, Indiana University 

Paper Party Division and Coalition Formation in U.S. Senate 

Elections, 1870-1913 

Wendy J. Schiller, Brown University 

Charles H. Stewart III, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 

Overview: Using original archival data, we will analyze balloting 

in state legislatures on the choice for U.S. senator, and we intend 

to explain the wide variation in the number of ballots it took to 

elect a senator across states and across time. 

Page | 218 

Paper Midterm Decline in Nineteenth Century House Elections 

Erik J. Engstrom, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Overview: This paper considers a unique, but overlooked, 

characteristic of nineteenth century American elections to examine 

competing explanations of midterm decline. By comparing the 

sources of surge and decline in synchronized versus nonsynchronized 

elections. 

Paper Examining the Electoral Connection Across Time 

Jamie I. Carson, University of Georgia 

Jeffrey A. Jenkins, Northwestern University 

Overview: We investigate the incidence of an “electoral 

connection” in the context of nineteenth century congressional 

politics. In examining this trend across time, we detail how the 

dynamics of the electoral connection have changed in response to 

changes in both. 

Paper Building the Road to Damascus, Ohio: Post Roads, the 

Electoral Connection, and the Antebellum Pork Barrel 

John Baughman, Bates College 

Overview: This paper investigates the development of 

constituency-oriented behavior by members of the antebellum 

House of Representatives in the form of post road construction. 

Disc. Jason M. Roberts, University of Minnesota 

William T. Bianco, Indiana University 

41-10 JUDICIAL POWER: HIERARCHY AND THE 

SEPARATION OF POWERS (Co-sponsored with 

Public Law, see 42-17) 


Chair Gretchen Helmke, Rochester University 

Paper Pivotal Politics and Compliance in the Judicial Hierarchy 

Jeffrey R. Lax, Columbia University 

Overview: I present a formal model of the judicial hierarchy, 

which makes explicit predictions as to which Supreme Court 

justices will be pivotal for inducing compliance in the lower 

courts, given the Supreme Court's internal rules. 

Paper The Supreme Court and America's Governing Coalitions, 

1790-2004 

Charles M. Cameron, Princeton University 

Tom Clark, Princeton University 

Jee-Kwang Park, Pennsylvania State University 

Overview: We study how one-party dominance of the presidency 

drives the Supreme Court to the fringes of American politics, 

engendering judicial activism and court-curbing legislation in 

Congress. 

Paper Judicial Deterrence of Legislation 

James R. Rogers, Texas A&M University 

Overview: Why does judicial review deter unconstitutional 

legislation when courts cannot directly impose sanctions on 

legislators for unconstitutional enactments? We develop a model 

to identify the conditions under which deterrence does (and does 

not) occur. 

Paper An Informational Theory of Judicial Organization 

Robert Anderson, Stanford University 

Overview: This paper develops an informational approach to 

explaining judicial organization. The paper uses a principal-agent 

model with asymmetric information to explore the relationships 

among law, facts, and doctrine in the judicial hierarchy. 

Disc. James R. Rogers, Texas A&M University 

Gretchen Helmke, Rochester University 

42-11 RELIGION, SPEECH, AND RELIGIOUS SPEECH 

(Co-sponsored with Politics and Religions, see 53-15) 


Chair Jeffrey H. Anderson, United States Air Force Academy 

Paper The Essential Principle of Nonestablishment 

Dennis J. Goldford, Drake University 

Overview: In this 2007 MPSA paper I differentiate my own 

conception of the essential principle of the Establishment Clause, 

what I call the principle of non-position-taking, from Justice 

O'Connor's concept of endorsement and from the concept of 

neutrality.

Paper God and Caeser: Religion in the Public Workplace 

Steven P. Brown, Auburn University 

Overview: State and local governments employ some 8 million 

people, few of whom know how they can express themselves 

religiously in the public workplace. This paper considers federal 

court rulings that pertain to religious expression in the public 

workplace. 

Paper Thought, Word and Deed: Religion Before the Supreme 

Court, 1961-1981 

Jesse D. Covington, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: This project traces two divergent views of religion that 

developed during the expansion of religious liberty during these 

two decades: the individual as the locus of belief versus the 

community of faith as central to protecting religious conduct. 

Paper What Can the State Say?: Examining Government Speech 

Within a Free Marketplace of Ideas 

John C. Evans, University of Iowa 

Overview: In this paper, I examine recent Supreme Court 

jurisprudence in the area of "government speech" and give my 

analysis on how I believe the Court should proceed in this area in 

the future. 

Paper The Trinitarian Pledge of Allegiance: God, Children, and 

Security 

Mina Suk, Johns Hopkins University 

Overview: The constitutional controversy surrounding the Pledge 

of Allegiance poses a unique Establishment problem because of its 

intersection of the spoken word "God," public schools as places of 

intellectual safety, and the security rhetoric of patriotism. 

Disc. Alan Tarr, Rutgers University 

44-9 STATE BUDGET POLITICS 

Room Parlor C, 6 th Floor, Sat at 9:50 am 

Chair Michael J. New, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa 

Paper The Roots of Executive Power 

Thad B. Kousser, University of California, San Diego 

Justin H. Phillips, Columbia University 

Overview: How much influence do governors have over policy, 

and what is at the root of their power? We investigate these 

questions by looking at the outcomes of budget negotiations and at 

how successful governors are in moving their legislative agendas. 

Paper Institutions, Interests, and the Composition of State Budgets 

Christian Breunig, University of Washington 

Chris Adolph, University of Washington 

Chris Koski, University of Washington 

Overview: We use American state-level data to test to what extent 

institutional structures endow political actors with abilities to 

determine the composition of state budgets. Our inquiry focuses 

on the impact of governors, legislators and partisanship. 

Paper For Whom the TEL Tolls 

Ellen C. Moule, University of California, San Diego 

Thad Kousser, University of California, San Diego 

Mathew D. McCubbins, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: This paper evaluates the effectiveness of tax and 

expenditure limits (TELs) using comprehensive fiscal data from 

the 50 U.S. states. We analyze the conditions of TEL passage to 

predict which, if any, TELs will be most effective. 

Disc. Michael J. New, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa 

Michael E. Greenberg, Shippensburg University 

45-5 LOCAL DEVELOPMENT POLICY INSTRUMENTS 


Chair Stephen Mergner, University of Cincinnati 

Paper Strategic Plans and Local Development Policy Instrument 

Choices 

Moon-Gi Jeong, University of Texas, San Antonio 

Overview: We empirically test proposition about how strategic 

planning constrains development policy and policy instrument 

choices using OLS regression based on panel data from ICMA 

survey of local economic development conducted in 1999 and 

2004. 

Paper Evolving Local Government Purpose through Economic 

Development 

Debra H. Moore, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale 

Andrew J. Theising, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville 

Overview: The common use of enterprise zones and tax increment 

financing bring new actors into the local policy process, increasing 

the power of private developers and shifting government purpose 

away from traditional roles. 

Paper Public Demand, Institutional Choice and Dynamics of 

Governmental Structure 

Jongsun Park, Florida State University 

Inwon Lee, Florida State University 

Overview: Why do local governments choose specific types of 

agencies for economic development? Our opinion is the 

combination of public demands and various institutions, and the 

decision mechanism of governmental structure is dynamic rather 

than static. 

Paper Knowing One When You See It: Special-Purpose Authorities 

as a Fuzzy Set 

James M. Smith, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Overview: Miscounts and misnomers make the study of special 

authorities difficult at the macro level. This study considers 

special authorities in Chicago qualitatively using a fuzzy set 

approach (Ragin 2000) to overcome such ambiguity. 

Disc. Nicholas Bauroth, North Dakota State University 

46-102 ROUNDTABLE: THE FUTURE OF THE ACF 

Room Monroe, 6 th Floor, Sat at 9:50 am 

Chair Paul Sabatier, University of California, Davis 

Panelist Hank Jenkins-Smith, Texas A&M University 

Bill Leach, California State University, Sacramento 

Chris Weible, Georgia Tech University 

Overview: The Future of the ACF 

49-6 NETWORKS AS FEATURES OF 

ENVIRONMENTAL POLITICS 


Chair Brent Steel, Oregon State University 

Paper Environmental Networks in Developing Countries and Their 

Effects on Policy 

Jonathan Fuentes, University of Houston 

Jentry Edleson, University of Houston 

Overview: Through a comparative case study of oil-rich 

developing countries, we wish to discover who controls the 

policy-making environmental networks. Given the structure and 

the power distribution within the network, what type of policies is 

produced? 

Paper To Persuade, or To Be Persuaded? 

Soo Hyun Jung, Florida State University 

Overview: This article examines how interactions between permit 

issuers and holders affect the stringency of wetland permits with 

the development of policy networks, using data from a survey of 

the Tampa Bay area and record of wetland mitigation. 

Paper The Institutionalization of Energy Policy and Its 

Consequences in the United States 

Philip A. Mundo, Drew University 

Overview: This paper analyzes the extent to which energy policy 

favoring oil and coal has become embedded in political 

institutions at the national level. The extent to which policies 

encouraging the use of these fossil fuels have become 

institutionalized. 

Paper Which Variables Matter? Testing Frameworks Using 

Watershed Collaboratives 

Edward P. Weber, Washington State University 

Tetyana Lysak, Washington State University 

Overview: Our paper tests the efficacy of four theoretical 

frameworks in helping us to understand the degree of 

collaborative success found in three different cases of 

collaborative watershed governance in Washington State. 

Disc. Mark Lubell, University of California, Davis 

Page | 219

50-8 POLITICAL INFLUENCE AND ADMINISTRATION 


Chair E L. Bernick, University of Nevada, Las Vegas 

Paper Legislative Responsibility for State Budget Problems 

Carolyn Bourdeaux, Andrew Young School of Policy Studies 

Overview: This paper examines whether legislative bodies with 

more institutional responsibility for budgetary decision-making 

make more fiscally responsible choices and whether they are then 

held accountable by the public for their choices. 

Paper Conditions of Political Control: Management, Context, and 

Policy Outcomes 

Daniel P. Hawes, Texas A&M University 

Overview: I examine organizational, managerial, and 

environmental factors that condition the relationship between 

political institutional preferences and policy outcomes and 

examine what variables act as constraints or catalysts for political 

control. 

Paper Dimensionality of IRC Voting: A Dynamic Model of the FCC 

Eric D. Hurst, Georgia State University 

Overview: This paper examines the dimensionality of Independent 

Regulatory Commissions by estimating a dynamic model of FCC 

commissioner voting. 

Paper Controlling Federal Agencies: Do External Controls Aid or 

Impede Worker Productivity? 

Laura Langbein, American University 

Overview: My paper uses data from a recent federal survey, and 

other information, to examine whether attempts to control federal 

agencies make employees within the agency better able to support 

the agency mission. 

Paper Divided Government and Federal Agency Policymaking 

Susan W. Yackee, University of Southern California 

Jason W. Yackee, University of Southern California 

Overview: Regulatory “ossification” has become one of the most 

cited theories in agency rulemaking. Using a duration analysis, 

we test this thesis against a dataset covering all federal rulemaking 

from 1983 to 2006. 

Disc. E L. Bernick, University of Nevada, Las Vegas 

Stephen A. Sargent, Texas A&M University 

51-9 HISTORICAL CONCEPTIONS OF THE PUBLIC 


Chair Erik S. Root, Claremont Graduate School, Raleigh 

Paper Secrecy, Security, and Sex: Congress and 1960's Martin- 

Mitchell Defection 

David M. Barrett, Villanova University 

Overview: In 1960, two National Security Agency cryptologists 

defected to the USSR. This was NSA's first scandal, raising issues 

of secrecy, security, and sexual orientation. Using de-classified 

documents, I examine three congressional committees's responses. 

Paper Amos, Andy ’n the APSA: Political Scientists, the Public, and 

Early Radio 

Matthew S. Hindman, Arizona State University 

Overview: The paper examines the APSA's 1932-1937 national 

radio program. While "You and Your Government" gave political 

scientists unprecedented notice, it attracted few listeners, and left 

many scholars deeply pessimistic about the public. 

Paper The Paradox of Retrenchment: Post-WWI Politics and the 

Triumph of the Modern Fiscal State 

Ajay K. Mehrotra, Indiana University, Bloomington 

Overview: Investigation of how the progressive tax structure of 

the First World War was maintained in the face of post-war 

political retrenchment. 

Paper The Reparations Movement for Chinese Forced Labor in 

Wartime Japan 

William Underwood, Kurume Institute of Technology 

Overview: The origins, development and future direction of the 

redress movement for Chinese forced labor in wartime Japan are 

described. The movement is located within leading models of the 

reparations process. 

Disc. Jessica Blatt, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 

Michael A. Kwas, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Page | 220 

53-3 POLITICAL THEORY, CIVIC RELIGION, AND 

SECULARISM 

Room Parlor F, 6 th Floor, Sat at 9:50 am 

Chair James E. F. Mastrangelo, Rutgers University 

Paper Communicative Action and Catholicism: Bringing in the 

'Superstitious Other' 

Phillip W. Gray, Texas A&M University 

Sara R. Jordan, Texas A&M University 

Overview: Communicative action theory meets Catholicism. 

Paper America's God: An Examination of Civic Religion in Theory 

and Practice 

Troy A. Kozma, University of Wisconsin, Barron County 

Overview: The American experience is that of a liberal nation 

deeply entwined within a religious culture. From within a 

Rawlsian framework, I critique one facet of this – the creation and 

existence of America’s civic religion. 

Paper Rescuing the Secular and Re-Introducing It to Liberal- 

Democracy 

Gordon A. Babst, Chapman University 

Gregory D. King, Chapman University 

Overview: This paper retrieves the concept of the secular from 

fundamentalist misappropriations, and deploys it as a vital asset to 

liberal-democratic practice. 

Paper An Evolved Social Consciousness: Religion, Science and Social 

Darwinism 

James E. F. Mastrangelo, Rutgers University 

Overview: An investigation of the mix of religion and science in 

early 20th century debates over evolution demonstrates how 

beliefs about how truth is best known influences the plausibility of 

political possibilities and influences political and social goals. 

Disc. Matthew Holland, Brigham Young University 

Carl M. Dibble, University of Michigan , Dearborn 

56-301 POSTER SESSION: UNDERGRADUATE 

RESEARCH I 

Room Exhibit Hall, 4 th Floor, Sat at 9:50 am 

Presenter United States Role on Globalization and Envionmental Effects 

(Board 1) 

Jessica L Magnuson, Dickinson State University 

Overview: Technology is allowing trade to expand at 

unprecidented rates that before have been unseen in human 

history. As a major player in the world's markets, the United 

States has had many effects and reprocussions from stretching 

towards a globalized economy. This research examines America 

in a post NAFTA period, explores arguements for and against, as 

well as examining the malthusian and cornacopian views on it's 

effect on the environment. 

Presenter Trans-Atlantic Rivalries: Boeing vs. Airbus 

(Board 2) 

Timothy P. Gallagher, Georgia Insitute of Technology 

Overview: The Boeing-Airbus rift has deep implications for the 

aerospace industry, domestic politics and US-EU relations. This 

paper argues that current theoretical frameworks do not capture 

the complexities of the dispute and offers new analytical 

frameworks. 

Presenter Enforcement of the Land Act, 1998: Implementation of the 

Consent Clause 

(Board 3) 

Abbi G. Martin, Wheaton College 

Overview: The Ugandan Land Act awarded women the right to be 

consulted concerning all property transactions but due to the lack 

of implementation of certain institutions as proscribed by the Land 

Act; women still remain vulnerable. 

Presenter Love of God and God of Love: Europe’s Quest for Identity 

(Board 4) 

Alexandra Sindrestean, University of Bucharest 

Overview: Indubitably, an enlarged, united Europe calls for a 

renegotiation of contract between citizens and the political entity. 

Hence, the reconsideration of both religion and Eros might yet 

again play a prominent role in enlightening the path.

Presenter The Role of Kenya's Traditional Leadership in Gusii Women's 

Land Rights 

(Board 5) 

Elin J. Henrysson, Wheaton College 

Overview: This paper is a case-study of the Gusii tribe in South- 

Western Kenya, specifically addressing women’s land rights and 

the interplay between formal, legal channels and more informal, 

customary structures for women’s land dispute resolutions. 

Presenter State Independence, Leadership Stability and Severity of 


(Board 6) 

Petra M. Hendrickson, Indiana State University 

Overview: I conduct a cross-sectional analysis of ethnic conflicts 

since 1945 to assess the relationship between leadership change 

and ethnic conflict severity. Initial results suggest a positive 

relationship between leadership change and conflict severity. 

Presenter The Effect of Messaging on Evangelical Voter Turnout 

(Board 7) 

Megan B. Benton, Emory University 

Overview: This field experiment studies the effect of messaging 

on Evangelical voter turnout. During the 2006 Georgia primary, 

Evangelicals received one of three messages. After reviewing 

voter records, the effect of each message on turnout was analyzed. 

Presenter The Calculus of Ethnic Violence: Rational Self-Interest and 


(Board 8) 

Renee M. England, Austin College 

Overview: This paper explores the associations between 

individual microdynamics and group dynamics within the realm of 

the ethnic conflict in the Former Yugoslavia in order to provide 

further critical explanations to Oberschall’s “polarization and 

escalation” approach. 

Presenter Sorority Women and Political Participation 

(Board 9) 

Alexandra M. Hill, Emory University 

Overview: Sorority women were contacted at their weekly chapter 

meetings and given specific information on how to acquire 

absentee ballots for their states and well as how to vote if 

registered in Georgia. 

Presenter The Harry Potter Series and American Politics in the 20th 

Century 

(Board 10) 

Lisa J. Davis, Westminster College 

Overview: This paper analyzes the first six books in the Harry 

Potter series and investigates the correlation between the storyline 

in the Harry Potter books and American policymaking in the 20th 

century. 

Presenter Rural Women Empowerment in the Political and Economic 

Environment of Ghana 

(Board 11) 

Lambini C. Kombat, Univerisity for Development Studies 

Kenneth K. Aborgah, University for Development Studeis 

Overview: This is a paper we researcherd into rural communities 

in the northern part of Ghana and then identifying thier social, 

political and economic roles. 

Presenter Determining Our Future Leaders: The Characteristics of 

Modern Strategic Politicians and the Quest for Higher Office 

(Board 12) 

Daniel V. Paulson, Tulane University 

Overview: Politicians seek power. It is generally presumed that 

politicians desire to become more influential and hold higher 

political offices. Members of the House of Representatives reflect 

this progressive ambition most often by running to become their 

state’s next Senator or Governor. This paper explores the political 

circumstances which leads modern Representatives to take the 

leap forward and seek higher office. 

Presenter The Price is Right: Bargaining as an Obstacle to Expansion of 

the UNSC 

(Board 13) 

Scott D. Godfrey, Bemidji State University 

Overview: Theory, and anecdotal evidence from the 2003 Iraq 

debate, suggests the U.S. bargains extensively with various nonpermanent 

members of the UNSC. If true, would expansion of the 

council exacerbate such bargaining, affecting the deliberative 

process? 

Presenter The Politics of Liberation: The Effects of Power and Influence 

(Board 14) 

Jerry Walker, Central State University 

Stanley Gibson, Central State University 

Overview: This paper is an examination of the politics of 

liberation as it applies to Blacks and other minority groups. The 

term "Black Power" will be discussed as well as an overview of 

various Black leaders and how this has shaped African American 

politics. 

Presenter Witch hunt? Patterns of Prosecutor Behavior at International 

Courts 

(Board 15) 

Chad I. Losee, Brigham Young University 

Overview: I examine factors theorized to influence prosecutor 

behavior at international courts—-mandates, funding, and state 

preferences. Empirical sources for this study come from the public 

records of the Rwandan, Yugoslav, and Sierra Leonean tribunals. 

Presenter Voting System Effects on Satisfaction with Democracy and 

Political Parties 

(Board 16) 

Kristen L. Leritz, Bemidji State University 

Overview: Using quantitative methods, this paper investigates the 

effects voting systems have on political parties and voter 

satisfaction by comparing the preferential systems of Ireland and 

Australia with the plurality system used in the United States. 

Presenter Fostering Civic Engagement: An Analysis of the FAME Civic 

Education Project 

(Board 17) 

Keerthika M. Subramanian, Emory University 

Rebecca N. Balunas, Emory University 

Overview: This paper examines the dual effects of civic education 

and personal contact on voter turnout among Emory freshmen 

during the November 2006 midterm elections.The field 

experiment's initial results show that the intervention's effect is 

limited. 

Presenter How to Sell a War: Lessons in Presidential Persuasion 

(Board 18) 

Melissa N. Mead, Ohio Northern University 

Jared Hardesty, Ohio Northern University 

Christopher DiFrancesco, Ohio Northern University 

Overview: This paper analyzes the selling of the Iraq War by the 

Bush administration. It examines the heuristics utilized and how 

the administration made the case for war. 

Presenter Issues That Influence Medicaid Provider Participation in Kent 

County, MI 

(Board 19) 

Andrew Wilson, Grand Valley State University 

Overview: For those with Medicaid, access to needed care 

depends on ability to pay and a supply of physicians willing to 

provide care. This study seeks to understand the issues that 

influence Medicaid provider participation in Kent County, MI. 

Presenter The Congress – Media Relationship: Which Party is More 

Responsive (or More Effective)? 

(Board 20) 

Kyle Albert, University of Washington 

Overview: I examined the relationship between agendas of 

Congress and the media, focusing on changes following the 1994 

Republican takeover. I used data from UW's Policy Agendas 

Project for each major topic area to identify where the greatest 

shifts occurred. 

59-4 LGBT ISSUES IN STATE LEGISLATURES 

Room Parlor E, 6 th Floor, Sat at 9:50 am 

Chair Sean M. Theriault, University of Texas, Austin 

Paper The Gay and Lesbian Agenda in State Legislatures: The 

Effects of Republican Features 

Rebekah L. Herrick, Oklahoma State University 

Overview: States cannot protect gay and lesbian rights without 

limiting the consideration of anti-gay rights legislation while 

promoting pro-gay and lesbian rights legislation. This paper 

Page | 221

explores whether republican features of state legislatures affect the 

gay rights legislative agenda in all 50 states. 

Paper Diffusion and Differentiation in Same Sex Marriage Policies in 

U.S. States 

Mary Lou Killian, Monmouth University 

Overview: Diffusion literature has grown to look more carefully at 

nuanced similarities and differences in both the content and 

process of states' policy diffusion. This paper applies these 

emerging concepts to the policy area of same-sex relationships. 

Paper Gender Identity Inclusive Legislation: Case Studies of Four 

States 

Jami K. Taylor, North Carolina State University 

Overview: This is a follow up work to the paper, The Adoption of 

Gender Identity Inclusive Protections in the American States 

(presented at 2006 MPSA). Using a multiple case study approach 

(MA, MD, NC, PA) I attempt to validate the findings from that 

study. 

Disc. Brian S. DiSarro, University of Iowa 

Page | 222

Saturday, April 14 – 12:45 pm – 2:20 pm 

1-103 ROUNDTABLE: STUDYING GENDER AND 

POLITICS OVER TIME: RESEARCH QUESTIONS 

AND STRATEGIES (Co-sponsored with Gender and 


Room Red Lacquer, 4 th Floor, Sat at 12:45 pm 

Chair Kira Sanbonmatsu, Rutgers University 

Panelist Maryann Barakso, American University 

Karen Beckwith, Case Western Reserve University 

Corrine McConnaughy, University of Texas, Austin 

Pamela Paxton, Ohio State University 

Gretchen Ritter, University of Texas, Austin 

Aili M. Tripp, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: Panelists on this roundtable will discuss research 

questions and methods for analyzing gender and politics over 

time. 

2-12 PARTY POLARIZATION, PARTY CONVERGENCE 

IN DEVELOPED DEMOCRACIES 

Room Salon 1, 3 rd Floor, Sat at 12:45 pm 

Chair Eric C. Browne, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 

Paper Polarization and Political Stability in Multiparty Systems 

(1945-1998) 

Zeev Maoz, University of California, Davis 

Zeynep Somer, University of Califonia, Davis 

Overview: We argue that low levels of political polarization make 

cabinet shifts more likely. We use a new measure of polarization 

derived from social networks analysis. This measure combines 

ideological distances between parties with the number of seats. 

Paper What's Left of the Left? Party Politics and Economic 

Globalization 

Stephen C. Nelson, Cornell University 

Overview: This paper investigates claims about the shifting 

ideological position of mainstream left parties in OECD countries. 

Using cross-section time series data from party manifestos, I argue 

that globalization does not explain Left party shifts. 

Paper Party Polarization in OECD Countries. Developments and 

Determinants 

Philipp Rehm, Duke University 

Overview: How did (societal and party) polarization develop in 

OECD countries in the last few decades? What explains the 

observed differences? The paper presents new measures and new 

data and explores determinants of polarization in comparative 

perspective. 

Paper The Construction of Economic Facts: Labour Neoliberalism in 

the Antipodes 

Jonathan Swarts, Purdue University, North Central 

Overview: This paper examines neoliberalism under Australian 

and New Zealand Labour as a discursive construction of political 

elites. It argues that the discourse of “objective” economic “facts” 

was fundamentally a strategic, contestable political strategy. 

Disc. Eric C. Browne, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 

3-11 INEQUALITY AND EDUCATION 


Chair Christian Ponce de Leon, University of Chicago 

Paper Political Determinants of Public Expenditure Between Levels 

of Education 

Marco A. Fernandez, Duke University 

Overview: The study of the impact of political regimes over 

education spending has put little attention to the tradeoffs 

politicians face when they allocate resources among different 

education levels. In this paper I test several political economy 

hypothesis regard 

Paper How Governments Decide to Make Human Capital 

Stephen Kosack, Yale University 

Overview: In this paper, I construct a theory that governments 

provide education systems entirely based on specific political 

calculations, not economic or other welfare considerations, and 

test it in 3 carefully-selected countries: Taiwan, Ghana, and Brazil. 

Paper Democracy and Education Spending 

Amy H. Liu, Emory University 

Overview: I review the democracies-spend-more-on-education 

claim by directly testing two mechanisms. The results suggest it is 

not democracy per se that matters but rather the participation costs 

for society and the entry barriers for challengers. 

Paper Democracy and Inequality: Elections and Redistribution in 

Brazil 

Fabiana V. P. Machado, University of Rochester 

Overview: This study argues that both poverty and inequality may 

hinder the demand for forms of redistribution that are viewed as 

effective in ameliorating these very conditions, defying the 

assumption that the poor are always high demanders of 

redistribution. 

Paper Educational Attainment in Developing Countries: The Legacy 

of Landlords 

Tim C. Wegenast, University Pompeu, Fabra 

Overview: Educational distribution is related to land ownership 

structures and subsequent political power constellations in LDC’s. 

States showing cohesive and resistant landowners tend to neglect 

secondary education while overemphasizing higher schooling. 

Disc. Christian Ponce de Leon, University of Chicago 

Hiram J. Irizarry, Ohio State University 

4-12 CULTURE AND DEMOCRACY: NEW 

ARGUMENTS AND FINDINGS FROM SURVEY 

RESEARCH 

Room PDR 4, 3 rd Floor, Sat at 12:45 pm 

Chair David Samuels, University of Minnesota 

Paper Building Social Capital: Civil Society and Context in Central 

America 

Patricia Bayer Richard, Ohio University 

John A. Booth, University of North Texas 

Overview: Using two waves of surveys from six Central American 

nations, we investigate changes in the relative contributions of 

civil society and socio-political context to the formation of social 

capital that promotes and sustains democracy. 

Paper The Meaning of Democracy in Emerging Democracies 

Doh C. Shin, University of Missouri 

Overview: This paper explores how the mass publics of Asian 

countries understand democracy. By analyzing the East Asia 

Barometers and surveys recently conducted by the Asia 

Foundation, the paper will compare its meaning across a broad set 

of Asian nations. 

Paper A More Acceptable Game? Changing Mass Attitudes and 

Deepening Democracy 

Matthew D. Fails, University of Missouri, Columbia 

Heather N. Pierce, University of Missouri, Columbia 

Overview: We empirically evaluate a central tenet of the political 

culture approach to democratic consolidation by testing how 

changes in mass commitment to democracy lead to a deepening of 

liberal democratic governance. 

Paper Does Support for Democracy Matter? 

Christopher Claassen, Washington University, St Louis 

Robert Mattes, University of Cape Town 

Overview: We use cross-national survey data to argue that public 

support for democracy, measured in relation to the current 'supply' 

of democracy, is a more powerful explanation of democratization 

than Inglehart and Welzel's 'self-expression values'. 

Disc. Chappell Lawson, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 

5-7 COALITION BARGAINING AND POLITICAL 

POWER 


Chair Katri Sieberg, Binghamton University 

Paper Institutions and the Survival of Authoritarian Regimes 

Susanne D. Michalik, University of Konstanz 

Overview: This paper deals with the effect of ?democratic? 

political institutions in authoritarian regimes. 

Page | 223

Paper Bargaining Delays in the Government Formation Process 

Sona N. Golder, Florida State University 

Overview: In most parliamentary democracies, elections rarely 

determine the identity of the government. Instead, they usher in 

what can be long periods of negotiations in which party leaders 

bargain over the composition and policy objectives of the cabinet. 

Paper Societal Preferences, Bargaining Power and Economic Policy 

Outcomes 

Heather Elko McKibben, University of Pittsburgh 

Overview: The opportunity costs associated with negotiating 

agreements (i.e. parties’ relative best alternatives to negotiated 

agreements) determines the extent to which relative group size and 

partisan preferences are translated into states' policy choices. 

Disc. Benjamin Nyblade, University of British Columbia 

Katri Sieberg, Binghamton University 

7-13 POPULAR MOBILIZATION AND POLICY 

DIFFUSION 

Room Sandburg 7, 7 th Floor, Sat at 12:45 pm 

Chair Felicia Owusu Fofie, Cardiff University 

Paper Network Governance in the European Union 

Beate Sissenich, Indiana University 

Overview: Comparing social, environmental, and agricultural 

Policies, this paper investigates cross-border networks along 2 

dimensions: border effects and governments as gatekeepers. 

Paper Institutions vs Markets: EU's Commission and Consumers 

Debate Biotech 

Alice H. Cooper, University of Mississippi 

Paulette Kurzer, University of Arizona 

Overview: Via a consumer boycott, popular opposition to 

genetically modified foods prevailed against the Commission and 

overcame the EU's democratic deficit. As GM food becomes 

cheaper, however, consumers may stop paying extra for collective 

goods such as ecology. 

Paper Diffusion of Transnational Peace Protests in an Enlarging 


Helma G. E. de Vries, University of Maryland, College Park 

Overview: Are dynamics in transnational peace protest in an 

enlarging European Union accounted for by internationalist and 

domestic targets via Coalition of the Willing membership, framing 

divides over global democratic deficits, or divergent 

democratization? 

Paper Managing Religion: The Rise of an European Islam and the 

Western State 

Kathryn L. Lawall, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: I explore, through a comparative lens, how the 

development of policies countering terrorism, specifically the 

management of Islam, has affected the political context in which 

Muslims could mobilize by empowering as well as disempowering 

different actors. 

Paper Explaining Successful Ethnic Minority Mobilization in the 


Melissa A. Parker, University of Pittsburgh 

Overview: What are the factors that contribute to successful ethnic 

minority mobilization in Europe? Using western European 

Muslim and eastern European Roma interest groups as case 

studies, the aim of this paper is to analyze the role that strategy 

plays in success 

Disc. Felicia Owusu Fofie, Cardiff University 

8-13 SECURITY AND CONFLICT IN LATIN AMERICAN 

POLITICS 


Chair Frederick Shepherd, Samford University 

Paper Democratization, Conflict, and Interstate Rivalry: Peru- 

Ecuador, 1980-1995 

Brian D. Cramer, Rutgers University, New Brunswick 

Overview: Findings from the democratic peace literature tell us 

that democracies almost never fight each other in interstate wars. 

However, Mansfield and Snyder have shown that states 

transitioning to democracy have a high propensity of engaging in 

conflict with other states. 

Page | 224 

Paper Proving Existence: Inter-Latin American Relations as 

International Subsystem 

Ana Carolina Garriga, University of Pittsburgh 

Overview: Is Latin America a distinctive subsystem within the 

international system? Once controlling for distance, regime 

homogeneity, and economy size a Latin American subsystem can 

be identified in issues of low political salience low politics. 

Paper Privatizing State Banality: Citizen Security in Colombia 

Stacey L. Hunt, Rutgers University 

Overview: In this paper I argue that far from maintaining a 

monopoly over violence, the Colombian state is simultaneously 

constituted and weakened by the multiplication and privatization 

of security forces, created differentiated understandings of 

citizenship. 

Paper Winning Without Engaging: The Ecuadorian Army’s Security 

Strategy Post-2000 

Maiah Jaskoski, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: Ecuador faces a clear threat to the integrity of its 

border with Colombia, yet the Ecuadorian army does very little 

border security. Why? The army can obtain resources, avoid a war 

with no end-game, and address the symptoms of the border threat. 

Disc. Jennifer S. Holmes, University of Texas, Dallas 

Frederick M. Shepherd, Samford University 

9-11 THE HISTORICAL UNDERPINNINGS OF 

MODERN JAPANESE POLITICS 


Chair Jing Sun, University of Denver 

Paper Strategies of Denial: Silencing the "Comfort Women" 

Mari Ishibashi, Randolph-Macon Woman's College 

Overview: This paper will identify various ways, degrees and 

intensities of avoidance and denial of the treatment of the colonial 

sexual slavery issue in contemporary Japanese politics and analyze 

how actors utilize various strategies to construct sanitized account. 

Paper Nationalism and Generation: A Case of Post Cold War Japan 

Joomyung Song, Hanshin University 

Overview: Nationalism has become an alternative strategy to the 

uncertain situations of post-cold war since the 1990s in Japan. 

This article investigates the recent nationalism in the context of 

the generational change of members of the National Diet. 

Paper The Yasukuni Controversy and Japanese Foreign Policy 

Yongwook Ryu, Harvard University 

Overview: This paper analyzes the Yasukuni problem, and reports 

the convergent and divergent views of Japan’s political elite on the 

issue. The Yasukuni issue should be understood in the context of 

the rise of conservative nationalism in Japanese politics. 

Disc. Jing Sun, University of Denver 

10-4 PERSPECTIVES ON AFRICAN CIVIL CONFLICTS 


Chair John Ishiyama, Truman State University 

Paper The Path to Peace: Does ODA Affect Peace Duration in 

Africa 

Anne Etienne, University of North Texas 

Overview: The paper attempt to decipher whether Official 

Development Assistance to Africa promotes peace duration in 

post-conflict settings. Building from literature on civil war, peace 

building, and foreign aid, the author proposes a theory on this 

impact. 

Paper Southern Sudan: The Comprehensive Peace Agreement, 

Security, and the Law 

Keith R. Hagan, University of Cincinnati 

Melina Milazzo, Florida State School of Law 

Overview: The Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) brought a 

cessation of hostilities between the North and the South of Sudan, 

but how else has the document helped the South progress and how 

have security and the law been affected? 

Paper A Gentlemen’s C for Failed States? 

Bridget L. Coggins, Dartmouth College 

Overview: Effective solutions to State failure are elusive. One 

popular strategy suggests suspending formal recognition. With 

original recognition data, I argue State practice is too subject to 

parochial concerns to engender wholesale change in failed States.

Paper Political Institutions and Civil War in Sub-Saharan Africa 

Kwangjin Kim, University of Missouri 

Byong-Kuen Jhee, Korea University 

Overview: This research is an effort to examine the nexus between 

democratic institutions and civil war in Africa. Rapidly increasing 

civil conflict in African countries in the 1990s has gained much 

attention from scholars. 

Disc. Bridget L. Coggins, Dartmouth College 

14-9 CHINA IN THE INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL 

ECONOMY 

Room Parlor H, 6 th Floor, Sat at 12:45 pm 

Chair Eunyoung Ha, University of California, Los Angeles 

Paper The Effects of Corruption on the Economic Development of 

China 

Collin T. Glenn, University of Toledo 

Overview: As China continues to sustain record breaking 

economic growth, it is imperative to understand the complexities 

of the Chinese state and especially factors that may retard growth. 

Most important is the effect corruption has had on development. 

Paper The World Trade Organization: Catalyst for Change in 

China? 

Susan C. Morris, University of Wisconsin, Platteville 

Overview: This research examines the relationship between the 

World Trade Organization and China since China's session to the 

WTO. This project asks what influence, if any, has the WTO had 

on civil freedoms in China? 

Disc. Eunyoung Ha, University of California, Los Angeles 

Xiaowen Zhang, University of Southern California 

14-18 GOVERNMENT SPENDING IN AN OPEN 

ECONOMY 


Chair Robert J. Franzese, Jr., University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 

Paper Globalization and the Form of Social Insurance: Further 

Disentangling the Ties that Bind 

Stephanie J. Rickard, Pennsylvania State University 

Overview: Although total aggregate spending on social insurance 

may not change in response to increased openness, the distribution 

of spending across different types of social insurance programs is 

responsive to exposure to foreign trade. 

Paper The Depths of Debt: Patterns of Debt and International 

Relations 

Lapo Salucci, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Overview: This paper investigates the relationship between 

national debt and inter-state relations. The accumulation of 

national debt, and debtor-creditor relations at the international 

level, are considered as unintended consequences of strategic 

choices. 

Paper Electoral Competition, Business Organizations, and the Scope 

of Industrial Subsidy 

Jong Hee Park, Washington University, St. Louis 

Overview: This paper investigates an interactive effect of electoral 

institutions with the organization of social intersts on the 

specificity of industrial subsidies. 

Paper Pre-Electoral Fiscal Manipulation in Old and New 

Democracies 

Angela J. O'Mahony, University of British Columbia 

Overview: Exchange rate and trade ties affect political deficit 

cycles in both old and new democracies, but differently. This 

difference stems from new democracies’ greater economic 

vulnerability internationally and greater institutional fragility 

domestically. 

Disc. Robert J. Franzese, Jr., University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 

15-12 DOMESTIC POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS AND 

WAR 


Chair Doug Kriner, Boston University 

Paper Effects of Domestic Public Opinion on Trust in International 

Politics 

Krista L. Spaeth, University of Iowa 

Overview: This study seeks to determine the effects of domestic 

public opinion on trust between leaders in the realm of 

international politics. That is, do leaders use public opinion of 

foreign leaders to gauge the viability of collaboration? 

Paper Congress and Conflict: Abdication, Responsibility, and Blame 

Maryann E. Gallagher, Emory University 

Overview: Do members of Congress willingly abdicate their war 

making powers to the President in exchange for the flexibility to 

take positions in opposition to unpopular conflicts abroad? 

Paper Women and War: Gender, Representation, and International 

Conflict 

Sarah A. Fulton, Texas A&M University 

Overview: Over the past 20 years, a great deal of research 

suggests that domestic political factors such as institutional 

structures, public opinion and partisanship all influence the course 

of international conflict. 

Paper Does Voter Opinion Matter for Foreign Policy Formation? 

The German Public Opinion - Foreign Policy Paradox 

William Davis, Florida State University 

Overview: Using a time-series regression analysis, I test the 

opinion-foreign policy nexus in Germany. Results contradict 

literature on expected public opinion and policy outputs in the 

Cold War period yet are supported after. 

Paper It Takes Two: Strategic Interaction, Conflict Outcomes, and 

the Duration of Leadership Tenure 

Randall J. Blimes, University of Colorado 

Overview: This paper takes a dyadic approach to explaining how 

international conflict outcomes affect the likelihood that a leader 

will be removed from office. 

Disc. Doug Kriner, Boston University 

17-12 DEMOCRACY AND TERRORISM 


Chair Ajin Choi, Yonsei University 

Paper The Effects of Electoral Structure on Terrorist Incidents 

Stephen C. Nemeth, University of Iowa 

Howard Sanborn, University of Iowa 

Overview: We test whether proportional systems have a linear or a 

curvilinear effect on terrorism. In addition, we consider variations 

in parliamentary and presidential systems as a means of 

accounting for regional explanations of terrorist incidents. 

Paper Constraints on Democracies and Dictatorships in 

Counterterrorism Strategies 

Cynthia M. Colley, SUNY, Binghamton 

Overview: This paper offers a formal analysis examining the 

effects of the different constraints on democracies and 

dictatorships on their abilities to negotiate for the end of domestic 

terrorist activity. 

Paper Tale of Two Terrors: Terrorism, Repression and Democratic 

Stability 

Masaki Nakamoto, University of Texas, Dallas 

Overview: This research paper seeks to illuminate on the decline 

in democratic stability due to terrorism and state repression. 

Paper Why Democracies Make Superior Counterterrorists 

Max Abrahms, University of Californa, Los Angeles 

Overview: The conventional wisdom is that terrorists target 

democracies because they are uniquely vulnerable to coercion. 

This article finds instead that democracies are superior 

counterterrorists. 

Disc. William J. Josiger, Georgetown University 

Page | 225

17-21 PAUL SENESE: A RESEARCH AGENDA IN 

CONFLICT PROCESS 


Chair Stephen L. Quackenbush, University of Missouri, Columbia 

Paper How and Why the Cold War Became a Long Peace: Some 

Statistical Insights 

John A. Vasquez, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Paul D. Senese, SUNY, Buffalo 

Overview: Some statistical insights as to why the Cold War was a 

Long Peace and the process by which it may have become so. 

Paper Reassessing the Steps-to-War Model with States' Major Power 

Status: Testing the Multiplying Effects of the Major Power 

Status on War 

Choong-Nam Kang, SUNY, Buffalo 

Overview: The main purpose of this paper is to examine the stepsto-war 

model across varying power status conditions. Although 

the steps-to-war model and the following research explain and 

show quite firmly that territorial issue and certain realist policy 

options are dangerous conditions in the escalation to war, they do 

not pay sufficient attention to the potentially important role of 

major power status. 

Paper Mapping the Steps to War: Territorial Issues and Recurrent 

Conflict 

Stephen L. Quackenbush, University of Missouri, Columbia 

Overview: In this paper, I seek to examine the relationship 

between territorial issues, settlements, and conflict recurrence 

through survival analyses of the periods of peace following 2,973 

dyadic militarized interstate disputes between 1816 and 2001. 

Paper Dynamic Domestic Regimes, Dynamic Interstate 

Relationships: Extending Senese's Analysis of Regime 

Maturity, Democracy and Interstate Relationships 

Andrew Enterline, University of North Texas 

Stephen Long, Kansas State University 

Mark Crescenzi, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Overview: Does the maturity of domestic political institutions 

affect interstate relationships? In an important article in the ISQ 

(1999), Paul Senese studies the conditional effects of dyadic 

domestic regime maturity (mature and immature) and type 

(democratic or non-democratic) on the probability of dyadic 

militarized conflict broadly defined. 

Paper The Effect of Territorial Disputes on Dyadic Relations, 1816- 

2001 

Karen K. Petersen, Middle Tennessee State University 

Overview: I employ a hazard model to test the territorial 

explanation of war and find that dyads with a history of territorial 

disputes have a failure rate over three times greater than dyads 

without a history of territorial disputes. 

Disc. Erik Gartzke, Columbia University 

19-10 REGIME DESIGN AND REFORM 

Room Clark 10, 7 th Floor, Sat at 12:45 pm 

Chair Nikolay Marinov, Yale University 

Paper International Agreements: How the Multilateral Negotiation 

Process Works 

Nicole M. Simonelli, Duke University 

Overview: This paper identifies a number of different processes 

by which multilateral agreements are negotiated. I then examine 

how the process by which an agreement is negotiated affects the 

duration of negotiations and membership to the agreement. 

Paper U.S. Unilateralism and U.N. Reform 

Michael B. Hawes, Georgetown University 

Overview: The design of the UN reflects the world that existed 

after WWII, and has become ineffective at responding to issues 

and challenges in today’s world. This paper examines the rise of 

American Unilateralism, and how current U.S. foreign policy may 

help. 

Page | 226 

Paper Separating and Aggregating Regime Effects 

Detlef F. Sprinz, University of Michigan 

Jon Hovi, University of Oslo 

Arild Underdal, University of Oslo 

Ronald B. Mitchell, University of Oregon 

Overview: This paper shows extensions of the 'Oslo-Potsdam 

solution' to measuring regime effectiveness for two or more 

regimes with an empirical CSTS analysis of transboundary air 

pollution data. 

Disc. Leslie Johns, New York University 


21-11 THE DYNAMICS OF GROUP CONFLICT 


Chair Bethany L. Albertson, University of Washington 

Paper The Origins of Racial Resentment 

Darren W. Davis, Michigan State University 

David Wilson, University of Delaware 

Overview: This paper examines the extent to which racial beliefs 

among young adults are connect to a larger closed and intolerant 

belief system. 

Paper Etiology of Interracial Contact in a Multicultural University 

Environment 

Ewa A. Golebiowska, Wayne State University 

Overview: I explore the etiology of interracial contact in a 

multicultural environment using survey data I have collected for 

that purpose. I consider the impact of on- and off-campus racial 

propinquity, off-campus interracial contact, and individual 

attributes. 

Paper Non-Conscious Closeness towards Blacks and Support for 

Slavery Reparations 

Thomas C. Craemer, University of Connecticut 

Overview: A nationally representative phone survey with an 

internet-based reaction time component finds that non-conscious 

feelings of closeness towards Blacks predict support for slavery 

reparations regardless of a respondent's own racial background. 

Paper Non-Racial Group Threat: Experiments With Katrina 

Evacuees and Houstonians 

Christy A. Aroopala, Rice University 

Rick K. Wilson, Rice University 

Overview: We explore non-racial group threat between Katrina 

Evacuees in Houston and Houstonians with similar SES and living 

in close proximity to each other in two experimental games: the 

dictator game and a public goods game. 

Disc. Fred Slocum, Minnesota State University, Mankato 

22-10 INCUMBENCY ADVANTAGE 


Chair Gary C. Jacobson, University of California, San Diego 

Paper The Impact of Electoral Competitiveness on Voters’s Attitudes 

Toward Government: Evidence from the US, Great Britain, 

and Canada 

Thomas L. Brunell, University of Texas, Dallas 

Liz Clausen, University of Texas, Dallas 

Overview: We theorize that both winning and losing voters ought 

to exhibit higher levels of trust in government and efficacy when 

they live and vote in a district that is more competitive relative to 

voters in less competitive districts. 

Paper The Incumbency Advantage in U.S. Primary Elections 

Shigeo Hirano, Columbia University 

James M. Snyder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 

Stephen Ansolabehere, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 

Mark Hansen, University of Chicago 

Overview: Using a new data, we estimate the magnitude of the 

incumbency advantage in direct primary elections between 1910 

to 2000.

Paper Challenger Opportunity Costs and Incumbent Electoral 

Performance 

Sanford C. Gordon, New York University 

Gregory A. Huber, Yale University 

Dimitri Landa, New York University 

Overview: By comparing challenges to U.S. House members by 

state legislators who have and have not been term limited, we 

estimate the effect of challenger opportunity costs on election 

outcomes while holding constant traditional measures of candidate 

quality. 

Paper Considering Congressional Candidates and Incumbency 

Advantage 

Jeff R. DeWitt, Kennesaw State University 

Overview: Electoral research has long demonstrated how 

incumbency advantage is largely fueled by the voters’ greater 

familiarity with the sitting officeholder. Candidate name recall or 

recognition represents a rudimentary level of political information. 

Paper Impact of Hurricanes on 2004 National Election: The 

Campaign Effect? 

Vanessa Perez, Columbia University 

Overview: This study examines the impact of the 2004 hurricanes 

on the National election, examining the impact of incumbent 

response on the candidate's vote share. 

Disc. Gary C. Jacobson, University of California, San Diego 

23-102 ROUNDTABLE: MEASURING CAMPAIGNS 

Room Parlor F, 6 th Floor, Sat at 12:45 pm 

Chair Sunshine Hillygus, Harvard University 

Panelist Daron Shaw, University of Texas, Austin 


Sunshine Hillygus, Harvard University 

Donald Green, Yale University 

Overview: Roundtable panelists consider what we have learned 

from recent studies of campaigns, and where the future of this 

research lies. 

24-7 ELECTORAL SYSTEMS AND PARTY SYSTEMS 


Chair Patrick J. Egan, Princeton University 

Paper Interaction Effects of Electoral Systems, Ethnic Heterogeneity 

and Time 

Patrick Vander Weyden, Catholic University of Brussels 

Overview: We test empirically the interaction effect of ethnic 

heterogeneity with electoral systems as well as a third order 

interaction effect by the introduction of a third variable 'time'. 

Paper A Study of the Determinants of African Party System 

Fragmentation. 

Matthew Wall, Trinity College, Dublin 

Shane Mac Giollabhui, Dublin City University 

Overview: A study of the influence of sociological and 

institutional factors in determining variations in the extent of 

fragmentation observed in African party systems. Comprises both 

a case study (Namibia) and a comparative statistical analysis. 

Paper The Rise in Party-Centered Elections in Japan 

Ko Maeda, University of North Texas 

Overview: Using the election data of pre- and post-reform Japan, I 

assess the extent to which the nature of elections has changed 

from candidate-centered to party-centered. This issue has 

important implications for the future of party competition in 

Japan. 

Paper Assimilation and Contrast Effects in Small and Large Party 

Systems 

Andrew J. Drummond, University of Arkansas, Little Rock 

Overview: This paper addresses whether party system crowding 

reduces the space for assimilation and contrast effects to manifest. 

Disc. Erik S. Herron, University of Kansas 

25-12 POLITICAL KNOWLEDGE AND 

SOPHISTICATION 


Chair Christopher N. Lawrence, Saint Louis University 

Paper The Widening Political Knowledge Gap Between Adults 

Under 30 and Older Generations 

Justin D. Martin, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Scott W. Dunn, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Overview: This study uses data from the Pew Research Center for 

the People and the Press to test the hypothesis that the political 

knowledge gap between young adults and older generations is 

widening. 

Paper Motivated Learning and Mass Beliefs 

Evan Parker-Stephen, University of North Carolina, Chapel 

Hill 

Overview: A motivation-context learning model is used to study 

micro-macro opinion dynamics. Historical data confirm that these 

components jointly shape perceptions of economics, parties, and 

war. A simulation study connects aggregation and representation. 

Paper Do Partisans Know their Perceptual Biases? 

Markus Prior, Princeton University 


Overview: Many partisans respond incorrectly to knowledge 

questions. We use an experiment to examine if they perceive 

reality in a biased way and believe their biased answers to be true, 

or if they respond incorrectly, but know that their answers are 

biased. 

Paper The Effects of the Naturalization Process on Political 

Knowledge 

Cole D. Taratoot, Georgia State University 

Overview: This study seeks to determine if naturalized citizens are 

more politically knowledgeable than their native born counterparts 

as a result of the naturalization process and the requirement to take 

a civics exam in order to become a U.S. citizen. 

Paper Is the U.S. Capable of Maintaining Public Support for any 

Asymmetrical War? 

Bobbie L. Ragsdale, United States Military Academy 

Joseph Scrocca, United States Military Academy 

Overview: Given the U.S. political culture and system, is America 

capable of maintaining sufficient public support for a long-term, 

costly counterinsurgency? Given two equally successful wars, the 

more symmetrical war tends to receive greater public support. 

Disc. Christopher N. Lawrence, Saint Louis University 

Robert C. Luskin, University of Texas, Austin 

26-13 POLITICAL PARTICIPATION IN COMPARATIVE 

PERSPECTIVE 


Chair John S. Matthews, Queen's University 

Paper No Exit: A Game-Theoretic Analyisis 

Walter T. Casey, University of Texas, Dallas 

Overview: Hirschman's Exit, Voice, and Loyalty examined using 

game-theory to test Exit and Voice. 

Paper Prada for Peace: Activism Gone Shopping 

Maria Elena Sandovici, Lamar University 

Terri B. Davis, Lamar University 

Overview: We study purchasing political shopping (purchasing 

products for a cause) as a new form of political participation. We 

conduct an individual-level analysis of people who engage in this 

type of activity in 25 Western democracies. 

Paper Electoral Observation 

Alberto Simpser, University of Chicago 

Overview: I study the strategic aspects of decisions to send and 

accept election monitors. One unexpected finding is that election 

monitoring can sometimes make things worse, e.g. by encouraging 

forms of fraud that are less detectable and reduce welfare. 

Paper Political Participation in China: Growth of Citizen Power and 

Obstacles 

Xijin Jia, Tsinghua University 

Overview: Political participation arises in China in three levels: 

voting and representative system, policy advocacy and 

participatory governance. The growth of citizen power still faces 

obstacles based in a lack of power-shared political ideology. 

Page | 227

Paper Modelling Petitioner Engagement with the Scottish 

Parliament's Petitions System 

Christopher Carman, University of Glasgow 

Overview: This paper presents an analysis of the extent to which 

the Scottish petitions system has connected with the public and 

models petitioner engagement with the system. Findings indicate 

that the utility of transformative democracy reforms is dependent. 

Disc. John S. Matthews, Queen's University 

Frederick Solt, Southern Illinois University 

27-13 SUPPORT FOR PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS 


Chair Jon Dalager, Georgetown College 

Paper Framing the News: Using (CAVE) Technique to Analyze 

Media Framing Styles 

David D. Chambers, Indiana University of Pennsylvania 

Gwendolyn Torges, Indiana University of Pennsylvania 

Overview: We analyze depictions of government and politics in 

TV news magazines to determine whether their framing style can 

be characterized as either optimistic or pessimistic. The CAVE 

technique is applied to 40 hours of news magazine programming. 

Paper Rethinking the Impact of the Media: Politics, Confidence, and 

a New Theory 

James W. Stoutenborough, University of Kansas 

Kellee J. Kirkpatrick, University of Kansas 

Overview: We introduce a new way to approach the impact of the 

media on politics. We develop a theory and test our assumptions. 

We conclude that political events influence our confidence in the 

media, which, in turn, impacts our ability to be influenced. 

Paper What Does Trust in the Media Measure? 

Jonathan M. Ladd, Georgetown University 

Overview: Using original survey data, I examine responses to 

open ended “stop and think” questions asked directly after 

questions probing trust in the news media. 

Paper Frames, Freedom and Fred: The Effect of Framing on the 

First Amendment 

Kellee J. Kirkpatrick, University of Kansas 

Overview: This analysis looks at how the framing of Fred Phelps’ 

funeral protests affects public opinion about First Amendment 

freedoms. The results indicate that the type of frame presented 

impacts the public’s willingness to support First Amendment 

freedoms. 

Disc. Doris A. Graber, University of Illinois, Chicago 

28-12 EXPLAINING THE SOURCES OF THE GENDER 

GAP ON DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN POLICY 

ISSUES 


Chair Zoe Oxley, Union College 

Paper Gender Differences on War and Peace Issues: How Universal 

are They? 

Richard C. Eichenberg, Tufts University 

Overview: This paper describes a new cross-national data 

collection on gender differences concerning issues of international 

security, in particular support and opposition to the use of military 

force in five recent wars. 

Paper Gender, Race, Region, and Gender Gap in Voting in the U.S. 

Guy C. Dalto, Southern College, Birmingham 

Overview: This paper examine the causes of the white male 

exodus from the Democratic Party. Two factor emerge from the 

analysis of GSS data; violent crime and workplace inequities. The 

greater Republican preference by white males was greater in the 

South. 

Paper Sources of Political Unity and Disunity among Women: 

Placing the Gender Gap in Perspective 

Leonie Huddy, Stony Brook University 

Erin Cassese, Stony Brook University 

Mary-Kate Lizotte, Stony Brook University 

Overview: We draw on the cumulative National Election Studies 

(from 1980 – 2004) to compare the size of the gender gap in 

presidential vote choice with the magnitude of enduring political 

differences among women. 

Page | 228 

Paper Gender and Support for Issues of Force in the Post 9/11 Era 

Barbara C. Burrell, Northern Illinois University 

Rebecca Hannagan, Northern Illinois University 

Matthew Streb, Northern Illinois University 

Overview: This study systematically analyzes the extent and 

nature of a gender gap in support for various aspects of the war on 

terror and the Iraq War by examining the responses of men and 

women to the use of force in 2001 to 2005 polls. 

Paper Gender Differences in Policy Preferences and Priorities: 1980 

to the Present 

Melody Crowder-Meyer, Princeton University 

Overview: In this paper I examine gender differences in policy 

preferences and issue priorities over the past twenty years, and 

highlight differences between men and women in what they use to 

evaluate political parties and actors. 

Disc. Alesha E. Doan, University of Kansas 

Heather L. Ondercin, Pennsylvania State University 

29-12 RACIAL POLITICS IN COMPARATIVE 

PERSPECTIVE (Co-sponsored with Comparative 

Politics: Developing Countries, see 3-27) 


Chair Robin Hayes, Northwestern University 

Paper A Comparative Study of Affirmative Action in the India and 

the U.S. 

Renu Bhagat, New School for Social Research 

Overview: This paper compares affirmative action in India and the 

United States. I will examine the role of the state in identity 

construction in India and the United States, and the interaction 

between the state and social groups. 

Paper Ethnic Labels and Political Mobilizations in France and the 

United States 

Audrey M. Celestine, Sciences Po Paris (IEP de Paris) 

Overview: In France and the United States, internal migrants 

(Puerto Ricans and French Caribbeans) have resisted the rise of 

ethnic labels,such as "latinos" or "blacks" that tended to blur the 

specificity of their political situation in the mainlands. 

Paper A Blessing in Disguise: Afro-Cubans After the Economic 

Crisis 

Danielle P. Clealand, University of North Carolina 

Overview: Although the economic crisis in Cuba exacerbated 

racial disparities, the subsequent political opening has altered the 

dialogue on race which has proven to be beneficial for Afro- 

Cubans, creating a growing racial consciousness. 

Paper Mobilizing Marginalized Citizens: Ethnic Parties Without 

Ethnic Movements 

Amit Ahuja, University of Michigan 

Overview: Why do marginalized citizens support their ethnic party 

in some cases and not in others? I argue, prior ethnic movements 

demanding inclusion of a marginalized group, curtail the electoral 

success of ethnic parties. 

Disc. Mark Sawyer, University of California, Los Angeles 

30-6 CICERO AND THE ROMANS 

Room Dearborn 1, 7 th Floor, Sat at 12:45 pm 

Chair Sharon K. Vaughan, Morehouse College 

Paper Cicero's Plato 

Vittorio G. Hosle, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: The paper analyzes both Cicero's explicit statements on 

Plato and his implicit criticism in the deviation from the Platonic 

dialogues "Politeia" and "Nomoi", which are the models of his 

own "De republica" and "De legibus". 

Paper Lex Vera, Lex Romana: Cicero on Patriotism and Universal 

Justice 

Sarah L.. Houser, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: In a climate where patriotic loyalty seems increasingly 

to conflict with the demands of universal morality, Cicero's 

attempt to reconcile natural law with the duties of citizenship 

serves as an example of the benefits and pitfalls of such a project.

Paper Liberty, Law, and the Historicity of Man in Ancient Rome 

Thomas R. Laehn, Louisiana State University 

Overview: The meaning of human liberty was transformed during 

the transition from Republican to Imperial Rome. Cicero’s 

writings suggest that this transformation was due to the 

introduction of Epicureanism to Roman thought and Rome’s 

subjugation of Palestine. 

Paper The Mute Dialogue: Cicero and Leo Strauss on Natural Right 

Matthew N. Holbreich, Notre Dame University 

Overview: This paper explores the conditions of the possibility of 

existence of higher law or natural right by comparing the 

requirements for natural right in Natural Right and History by Leo 

Strauss and in the writings of Cicero, focusing on De Re Publica. 

Disc. Joseph S. Kochanek, Harvard University 

32-11 THE AMERICAN FOUNDERS 

Room LaSalle 1, 7 th Floor, Sat at 12:45 pm 

Chair John C. Evans, University of Iowa 

Paper Paradoxes of a Perpetual Union: The Contested Idea of 

Founding 

Angelica M. Bernal, Yale University 

Overview: Through an analysis of the writings of Jefferson, 

Madison, Lincoln and of debates in Founding historiography, this 

paper investigates the contested nature of the idea founding in the 

American historical and civic imagination and argues for its reexamination 

as a late modern construct. 

Paper Republican Theory in the Contemporary House of 

Representatives 

Michael J. Faber, Indiana University 

Overview: The American founders endorsed a particular vision of 

republican government which gives us a standard by which to 

judge contemporary political practice. This paper explores how 

well the U.S. House of Representatives measures up to that 

standard. 

Paper Madison and Popular Government: the Neglected Case of the 

Memorial 

Robert W. T. Martin, Hamilton College 

Overview: This paper re-examines some of James Madison's early 

writings to establish his long-standing and genuine commitment to 

and analysis of the popular element of popular government. 

Paper Mandeville's Paradox and the American Adaptation 


Overview: This paper examines the American founding through 

the paradox of private vice and public benefit as described by 

Bernard Mandeville. 

Disc. Jason R. Jividen, Northern Illinois University 

32-23 LIBERALISM AND PLURALISM IN HISTORICAL 

PERSPECTIVE 

Room Suite 9-250, 9 th Floor, Sat at 12:45 pm 

Chair Gerson Moreno-Riano, Regent University 

Paper Value Pluralism and Radical Choice in Max Weber and Isaiah 

Berlin 

Brent Hierman, Indiana University 

Overview: This paper argues that crucial points of disconnect in 

their respective understandings of value pluralism propel Weber 

and Berlin to make very different claims regarding individual 

choice and the incommensurability of values. 

Paper The Insufficiencies of Deliberative Democracy for a Pluralistic 

Society 

Ryan R. Holston, Johns Hopkins University 

Overview: This paper argues that recent theories of deliberative 

democracy are excessively abstract and in need of revision in light 

of insights drawn from Edmund Burke into the concrete, historical 

nature of moral decision-making. 

Paper Montesquieu Between Hobbes, Hume, and Kant 

Peter M. Levine, National-Louis University 

Overview: This paper argues that Montesquieu’s political theory 

that takes account of multiple factors (reason, nature, and passion) 

has advantages over the political theories of Kant, Hobbes, and 

Hume that each primarily have a single normative foundation. 

Paper A Lockean Approach to the Fair Consideration of Future 

Generations 

Alan E. Tomhave, University of Missouri, Columbia 

Overview: In this paper I consider and analyze the plausible basis 

for the existence of an enforceable obligation to conserve natural 

resources for use by, or ownership of, future generations within 

the framework of a Lockean based theory of justice. 

Disc. Jason P. Di Gianni, SUNY, Albany 

33-10 RADICAL DEMOCRACY, POSTMODERN 

DEMOCRACY 


Chair Stefan Dolgert, Duke University 

Paper Democracy Denatured: Claude Lefort and the Democratic 

Revolution 

Steven Bilakovics, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: This paper argues that, against the notion of democracy 

as an open way of life in which settled conventions are 

denaturalized and called into question, democracy itself has come 

to appear as natural, with its own unquestioned conventions. 

Paper Beyond the Tower of Babel: Radical Subjectivity, Feminism(s) 

and Resistance 

Steven Pludwin, City University of New York 

Overview: This paper argues that fragmented subjectivity does not 

disable the possibility for radical political engagement. The 

postmodern condition, rather than inhibiting agency, forces us to 

rethink our notions of radicalism and the subject. 

Paper Theory and Practice in Laclau and Mouffe, or How Not to 

Theorize Hegemony and Radical Democratic Strategy 

James Wiley, St. Norbert College 

Overview: Criticizes the writings of Ernesto Laclau and Chantal 

Mouffe for misunderstanding the implications of their book 

Hegemony and Socialist Strategy. 

Disc. Stefan Dolgert, Duke University 

33-25 WORK, WELFARE, AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP 


Chair Philip T. Neisser, SUNY, Potsdam 

Paper Authoritarian Liberalism: Employment Law in the Early 

American Republic 

Claudio Katz, Loyola University, Chicago 

Overview: This article explores the ways in which law can be read 

as an expression of ideology. Antebellum jurists developed an 

authoritarian variant of liberalism in the context of hearing 

employment cases arising out of the increased use of wage labor. 

Paper Work and Self-Ownership 

Julia Maskivker, Columbia University 

Overview: The paper calls for revision of classical libertarian 

concepts with an eye to justifying and achieving a just and strong 

welfare state in a world of rapid change. 

Paper Individual and Social Identity in the Workfare Era 

Jasper Sumner III, Indiana University Purdue University, 

Indianapolis 

Overview: This paper is about the similar treatment of identity 

issues by left governments, particularly the ‘Third Way’ welfare 

reform policies, and the communitarian thinking that arises out of 

the debate with Rawls’ defense of the old welfare state. 

Disc. Philip T. Neisser, SUNY, Potsdam 

34-12 THE MEDIA 


Chair Brian Fogarty, University of Missouri, St. Louis 

Paper Primetime Spin: Media Bias and Belief Confirming 

Information 

Jeremy M. Burke, Duke University 

Overview: A model of media bias is presented in which rational 

agents prefer to acquire all their news from the source that is most 

likely to confirm their prior beliefs. The media recognizes these 

informational demands and slants its reporting accordingly. 

Page | 229

Paper Mass Media and Special Interest Groups 

Maria Petrova, Harvard University 

Overview: I develop a formal theoretical model of interaction 

between media outlets and special interest groups (Grossman- 

Helpman style), and show how the structure of media revenues 

affects how news coverage is framed. 

Paper Choosing Headlines 

John T. Gasper, Carnegie Mellon University 

Overview: We provide a model of a news outlet's decision 

regarding which issues to cover. Given profit motivated news 

firms and psychologically biased consumers, the outlet must 

choose the optimal bundle of news stories. 

Paper Media Freedom, Bureaucratic Incentives, and the Resource 

Curse 

Georgy Egorov, Harvard University 

Sergei Guriev, New Economic School 

Konstantin Sonin, New Economic School 

Overview: We build a dynamic model to argue that free media are 

less likely to emerge in resource-rich economies, because then the 

ruler has less need to provide bureaucrats with proper incentives. 

This result is consistent with cross-section and panel data. 

Disc. Scott O. Ashworth, Princeton University 

35-9 CATEGORICAL DATA 

Room Montrose 2, 7 th Floor, Sat at 12:45 pm 

Chair Chris Zorn, University of South Carolina 

Paper Dirichlet Process Priors for Bayesian Models of Political 

Science Data 

Jeff Gill, Harvard University 

George Casella, University of Florida 

Overview: We apply the Dirichlet process prior to a hierarchical 

model for ordered choices made by political executives in the 

federal government. Our model provides an explanation for their 

relatively short tenure in government and reveals interesting 

features. 

Paper Don't It Make My Brown i's Blue: Converting Ordinal Data to 

Interval/Ratio 

Scott Granberg-Rademacker, Minnesota State University, 

Mankato 

Overview: This paper presents a modeling techinique which 

converts ordinal data measurements to interval/ratio. 

Paper A Nonparametric Estimator For Limited Dependent Variable 

Models 

Justin E. Esarey, Florida State University 

William Berry, Florida State University 

Overview: It has been shown that limited dependent variable 

(LDV) models like logit and probit misspecify many data 

generating processes. We propose a nonparametric estimator for 

limited dependent variable models and gauge its performance 

against the logit/probit. 

Disc. Michael Peress, University of Rochester 

36-5 DIGITAL DEMOCRACY 


Chair Cecilia Manrique, University of Wisconsin, La Crosse 

Paper E-democracy in Korea 

Yoo Hyang Kim, University of Florida 

Overview: This study aims to investigate the effects of 

information technology and internet on democracy in Korea, 

through the case study of key websites during the 2002 

presidential election, an impeachment, and the 2004 general 

election. 

Paper Government Role in ICT (broadband) Diffusion 

Heisung Kum, Florida State University 

Overview: Recognizing access to broadband is a prerequisite for a 

country’s welfare, governments face pressure to stimulate 

broadband deployment (BD). Using a panel analysis, this research 

explores the government’s role in broadband diffusion and overall 

effect. 

Page | 230 

Paper Irish Political Parties Online: An Analysis of Party 

Organization and ICT 

Maria Laura Sudulich, Trinity College, Dublin 

Overview: This project investigates the use that political parties 

make of Information Communication Technologies in the 

Republic of Ireland. It will be tested whether party organization 

influences the way the internet is used by political parties. 

Paper Assessing the National Incident Management System (NIMS) 

Henry L. Sullivan, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Overview: This paper will analyze the National Incident 

Management System's (NIMS) effectiveness in streamlining 

communications across government levels, and examine the 

current and future technologies that are available for the system's 

implementation. 

Disc. Mark Cassell, Kent State University 

Gary Klass, Illinois State University 

37-10 INTEREST GROUPS AND THE ELECTORAL 

PROCESS 


Chair McGee W. Young, Marquette University 

Paper Does Ideology Affect Donations to Congress? 

Denise Robb, University of California, Irvine 

Overview: Do more ideological congress people receive more 

money than moderates? The answer is largely "no", however in 

certain circumstances ideology plays a role. 

Paper Media Amplification of Interest Group Voices: The Supply 

Side of Sourcing 

Matt J. Grossmann, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: I demonstrate that biases in interest group mobilization 

are reflected in media coverage. News sources generally reflect 

the supply of interest group spokespersons. Yet print, television, 

and online media rely on somewhat different types of groups. 

Paper The PAC Allocations of Ideological Interest Groups 

Amy Melissa McKay, University of Iowa 

Overview: Using newly derived ideology scores for Washington 

interest groups, I show that the more extreme a group's ideology, 

the more likely it is to allocate all of its PAC dollars to one party 

or the other, rather than spread donations between the parties. 

Paper Stealing the Platform: How Interest Groups Affect Party 

Campaign Platforms 

Jennifer N. Victor, University of Pittsburgh 

Gina Y. Reinhardt, Texas A&M University 

Overview: We use a game theoretic model to explain the 

conditions under which political parties will incorporate interest 

group positions onto the party platform. We test the model with 

case studies of interest groups in the 2004 and 2006 election 

cycles. 

Disc. Allan J. Cigler, University of Kansas 

37-201 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: LABOR AND 

POLITICS 

Room State, 4 th Floor, Table 1, Sat at 12:45 pm 

Presenter “New Politics of American Trade” or Century-Old 

Contention? The Lost History of American Labor Advocacy 

in Trade Politics 

Jean-Baptiste Velut, Sorbonne University of Paris 

Overview: This paper examines the history of American unions’ 

mobilization in the trade policy sphere and conclude that workers’ 

rights have long been – and thus should remain – a component of 

trade negotiations, whether bilateral, regional or multilateral. 

Presenter Muting an Upper Class Accent? Descriptive Leadership in the 

Labor Movement 

Andrew C. Converse, SUNY, Albany 

Overview: This paper provides a survey of descriptive 

representation within labor movement leadership; a representative 

labor movement presumes leadership is conferred most often to 

those individuals who pay one’s union dues--literally and 

figuratively.

38-8 PRESIDENTIAL DELEGATIONS (Co-sponsored with 

Public Administration, see 50-21) 


Chair Richard Waterman, University of Kentucky 

Paper Presidential Staffing and Public Opinion 

Justin S. Vaughn, Texas A&M University 

Jose D. Villalobos, Texas A&M University 

Overview: We examine the influence that the dynamics of 

presidential issue approval have on strategic presidential staffing 

decisions. To do so, we employ data concerning presidential 

appointments to key EOP agencies and issue-specific presidential 

approval. 

Paper Presidential Unilateralism: Theory and Evidence 

Lawrence S. Rothenberg, University of Rochester 

Fang-Yi Chiou, Academia Sinica 

Overview: The possibility of the president exercising unilateral 

action, moving the status quo in a manner not requiring positive 

legislative assent and which the judiciary finds acceptable, has 

received much recent scholarly attention. 

Paper Revisiting the Presidency in the Neoadministrative State 

John C. Bumgarner, Virginia Tech University 

Overview: The centralization and politicization of the executive 

branch and utilization of the unitary executive theory runs counter 

to the neoadministrative state; thus, the governing approach of the 

presidency must be revisisted. 

Paper Seizing Domestic Tranquility: Presidential Military 

Intervention during America’s Industrialization 

Dan Kenney, Brandeis University 

Overview: Utilizing archival data, this paper concentrates on the 

last 30 years of the 19 th century when the U.S. experienced the 

largest proportion of labor unrest in the industrializing world. It 

posits a typological theory of Presidential use of domestic military 

intervention that argues such intervention was most likely to when 

state-level petitions for troops came in the wake of violence and 

when unrest was not tied to a coordinated campaign of 

lawlessness. 

Disc. Wayne Steger, DePaul University 

Richard Waterman, University of Kentucky 

39-9 CONGRESSIONAL BUDGETING AND PORK 

BARREL POLITICS 


Chair Diana Evans, Trinity College 

Paper Patronage as Representation: Senate Majority Leaders and 

Distributive Politics 

Andrea C. Hatcher, University of the South 

Overview: Using archival data, this paper examines the role of 

U.S. Senate Majority Leaders in securing earmarks and 

appropriations for their states. Findings suggest both success and 

failure in distributive politics carry important electoral 

consequences. 

Paper Fiscal Effects on Credit-Claiming and Blame-Avoidance in 

Appropriations 

Stonegarden Grindlife, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: At what level of reduction in the annual outlays in an 

appropriations bill are congressional members activated to engage 

in blame-avoidance? What level of growth activates creditclaiming? 

Paper The Majority Party and 'the Cohesive Power of Public 

Plunder' 

Royce A. Carroll, University of California, San Diego 

Henry A. Kim, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: Examines the relationship between inclusion in 

majority policy coalitions and the distribution of targeted 

resources. 

Paper Congressional Earmarks and the Pursuit of Policy Expertise 

Jason A. MacDonald, Kent State University 

Overview: A duration analysis of appropriations earmarks is 

conducted to assess whether Congress uses earmarks to encourage 

the creation of scientific knowledge to address complex policy 

problems. 

Paper Earmark Explosion: Why Legislative Use of the Earmark has 

Skyrocketed in the Last Decade 

Wendy R. Ginsberg, University of Pennsylvania 

Overview: Using juvenile justice as a case study, this paper aims 

to explain the recent burgeoning growth of earmarks, a legislative 

tool Congress uses to pinpoint its power of the purse. Earmarks 

have taken over entire budgets in some federal offices. 

Disc. Diana Evans, Trinity College 

Sarah E. Anderson, Stanford University 

41-11 SEPARATION OF POWERS IN ACTION 

Room Parlor E, 6 th Floor, Sat at 12:45 pm 

Chair Kirk A. Randazzo, University of Kentucky 

Paper Specifying External Strategic Constraints in Supreme Court 


Brandon L. Bartels, Stony Brook University 

Overview: Based on a “heterogeneity in decision making” 

approach, I provide a theoretical and empirical clarification of 

“external strategic constraint” in Supreme Court decision making. 

I use a multilevel modeling framework to test the hypotheses. 

Paper Beginning at the Beginning: The Decision to Legislate and the 

SOP 

Bethany Blackstone, Emory University 

Overview: A formal model of SOP interactions is employed to 

evaluate the conditions under which anticipation of negative 

treatment by the Supreme Court leads Congress to refrain from 

enacting legislation. Empirical tests use data from the Judiciary 

Committees. 

Paper Policy Outcomes and the Role of the Public in Court-Congress 

Relations 

Thomson W. McFarland, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Overview: I present a formal model of Court-Congress interaction 

that incorporates the level of public support for the Court. I test 

the model using a novel dataset including ideal point estimates for 

the players involved disaggregated across issue areas. 

Paper Judicial Professionalism and Separation of Powers in the 

States 

Joseph V. Ross, University of Arizona 

Overview: This paper offers a measure of state supreme court 

professionalism and tests whether an imbalance in resources 

across branches of state government leads to retaliatory behavior. 

Paper An Empirical Test of the Constitutional Separation of Powers 

Model 

Jeffrey A. Segal, Stony Brook University 

Stefanie A. Lindquist, Vanderbilt University 

Chad Westerland, University of Arizona 

Overview: We test recent Separation of Powers models, which 

argue that the Supreme Court defers to expected Congressional 

majorities in deciding Constitutional cases. 

Disc. Tonja Jacobi, Northwestern University 

Kirk A. Randazzo, University of Kentucky 

41-23 ESTABLISHING THE RULE OF LAW AND 

PROTECTING RIGHTS (Co-sponsored by Public 

Law, see 42-18) 

Room Burnham 1, 7 th Floor, Sat at 12:45 pm 

Chair Mark C. Miller, Clark University 

Paper Judging Democracy in Emerging Democracies 

Shannon I. Smithey, Westminster College 

Overview: Democratic theorists worry that judicial power will 

undermine democratic institutions. Analysis of decisions made by 

the Constitutional Courts of Lithuania and the Czech Republic 

reveal that courts can actually facilitate democratic development. 

Page | 231

Paper The ‘Rights Revolution’ and Institutional Change 

Donald R. Songer, University of South Carolina 

Raul A. Sanchez Urribarri, University of South Carolina 

Susanne Schorpp, University of South Carolina 

Vanessa Portela, University of South Carolina 

Overview: We propose to test the thesis that the creation of 

institutions supportive of rights claims are critical for creating and 

sustaining a rights revolution, by examining change over time in 

the outputs and agenda of national high courts in four nations. 

Disc. David L. Weiden, Illinois State University 

Mark C. Miller, Clark University 

42-8 NEW FEDERALISM JURISPRUDENCE AND 

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 


Chair Michael W. Hail, Morehead State University 

Paper Administrative Law, Federalism, and Economic Development 

J. Gregory Frye, 

Overview: The characteristics of state and federal variability in 

administrative law organization as related to changes in federalism 

are examined. These variations and the "New Federalism" era 

policies and devolution of economic development policymaking. 

Paper Private Property, Eminent Domain, and State Economic 

Development: Legislative and Judicial Responses to Kelo v. 

City of New London (2005) 

William Green, Morehead State University 

Overview: The United States Supreme Court’s Kelo v. City of 

New London (2005) decision, held that economic development 

was a sufficient public use to justify condemning private property, 

but also granted the states the legal authority to restrict property 

takings. 

Paper Your Home is Your Castle: Lawyering and the Quixotic 

Takings Clause 

Laura J. Hatcher, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale 

Overview: This essay attempts to understand the way in which 

economic libertarian activism has been represented in the media in 

three important cases: Palazzolo v. Rhode Island and Kelo v. City 

of New London. 

Paper Legal and Political Issues for Non-Profit Regulation in the 

States 

Margaret Sloan, University of Kentucky 

Overview: This paper explores legal issues with nonprofits, 

including those regarding charitable gift annuity regulation among 

the states. 

Disc. Michael W. Hail, Morehead State University 

43-2 EFFECTS OF INTERNATIONAL LAW AND 

COMPLIANCE 


Chair Carmela Lutmar, Princeton University 

Paper The Effect of International Law on Elite Preferences and 

Beliefs 

Michael R. Tomz, Stanford University 

Overview: The paper measures the effect of international law on 

the preferences and beliefs of political elites. Data come surveybased 

experiments, which were administered to members of the 

British Parliament in 2006. 

Paper Ties That Do Not Bind: Why Treaty Ratification Might Imply 

Treaty Non-Compliance 

Thania Sanchez, Columbia University 

Matthew S. Winters, Columbia University 

Overview: Why do states ratify treaties and then fail to comply? 

To solve this puzzle, we analyze how domestic institutions shape 

ratification and compliance. 

Paper Explaining International Human Rights Compliance: 

Democracy, Press Freedom and Audience Cost 

Kuyoun Chung, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: This paper suggests a way to understand state’s 

compliance with international human rights treaty on the basis of 

audience cost theory. Not only democracy, but also press freedom 

is critical in generating audience cost and inducing compliances. 

Page | 232 

Paper Institutionalism and Comparative Analysis of Tax Policy 

Legal Referents 

Mark D. Kimball, University of Washington 

Overview: Competing ideations about legal and economic right 

are invoked by states involving the taxation of international 

income from capital. Tenets of Historical Institutionalism may 

contribute to the comparative analysis of these variant neoontologies. 

Paper Two Worlds Collide: The Intersection of National and 

International National Law 

Martin J. Adamian, California State University, Los Angeles 

Overview: As globalization has spread throughout the world more 

and more attention has been paid to the intersection of national 

and international law and politics. This paper will look this 

intersection and discuss the implications. 

Disc. Carmela Lutmar, Princeton University 

44-10 STATE AND LOCAL FINANCE 

Room Parlor C, 6 th Floor, Sat at 12:45 pm 

Chair Andrea McAtee, Indiana State University 

Paper Uncertainty, Institutions, and State Bond Ratings 

Skip Krueger, University of North Texas 

Overview: We study the influence of political factors and 

constitutional rules on the default risk of bonds issued by U. S. 

states. 

Paper Magnifying the Golden Goose: Casino Taxation and 

Multiplier Effects 

Christopher Stream, University of Nevada, Las Vegas 

Sandy vonWolffradt, University of Nevada, Las Vegas 

Overview: We examine casino tax revenues and economic impacts 

associated with gaming in Las Vegas from 2000 - 2004. We argue 

that policymakers should focus on the multiplier aspects of 

gaming rather than using it as a “golden goose” for solving fiscal 

crises. 

Paper Analyzing The Impact of the Citizen Initiative and State Fiscal 

Policy 

Michael J. New, University of Alabama 

Overview: A number of studies have found that states with the 

initiative have lower taxes than other states. By examining fiscal 

trends in initative and non-initiative states since the 1960s, I hope 

to provide a rationale for these fiscal policy differences. 

Paper Local Agency and Civic Capacity: Working Around the 

States? 

Daniel E. Bliss, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Overview: A survey of leaders in four similar small cities in two 

states with very different arrangements for local government 

finance suggests the importance of local political agency and the 

advantages of local revenue, even in a deregulated and global age. 

Disc. Andrea McAtee, Indiana State University 

Alka Sapat, Florida Atlantic University 

46-201 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: ISSUES IN CRIMINAL 

JUSTICE 


Presenter Targeting Programs to Deal with Juvenile Crime and Gang 

Activities 

Tom James, University of Oklahoma 

Geoboo Song, University of Oklahoma 

Overview: This paper discusses the development and use of 

community indices using social and economic characteristics of 

census tracts to identify potential high-risk areas and inform 

policy and programmatic decisions on gang intervention activities. 

Presenter Public Views of Criminals and Crime Causation 

Fred A. Meyer, Ball State University 

Ralph E. Baker, Ball State University 

Overview: This paper examines public support for punitive 

correctional policy and possible explanations for that support.

46-202 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: PROCUREMENT 

AND CONTRACTS 


Presenter Public Procurement as a Policy Tool in America 

Donna T. McCarthy, National Institute of Governmental 

Purchasing 

Overview: Can procurement be used as a tool in which public 

policy can be facilitated? This presentation will focus on the areas 

in which acquisition policy is helping shape economic 

development, sustainability, and equal access in the contracting 

process. 

Presenter Agency Power and Adaptation: Implementation of 

Competitive Sourcing 

Maria Ernita T. Joaquin, Northern Illinois University 

Overview: Theories of organizational adaptation and bureau 

power intersect in this study OMB Circular A-76 implementation, 

uncovering new themes on power, leadership, and congressional 

influences on bureaucratic response in the era of third-party 

governance. 

49-7 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS IN ENVIRONMENTAL 

POLITICS 


Chair Paul A. Sabatier, University of California, Davis 

Paper Changing Expectations of Science and Scientists in 

Environmental Policy 

Brent S. Steel, Oregon State University 

Denise Lach, Oregon State University 

Overview: This study examines support for and determinants of 

involving science and scientists in the environmental process from 

the perspective of various stakeholder groups. 

Paper Scientists in the Policy Process: Hired Guns or Truth Tellers? 

Carol L. Silva, Texas A&M University 

Overview: This paper examines how perceptions of technological 

risk are influenced by gender and scientific training, and looks at 

the breadth of these effects by comparing perspectives on risk 

among scientists in the U.S. and in EU member nations. 

Paper Conserving Biodiversity in a Changing Climate: The Role of 

Science in Policy Formation 

Kelly Levin, Yale University 

Overview: Climate change is severely impacting biodiversity with 

long-term implications for conservation and management. While 

biologists, park managers, and conservation organizations have 

performed extensive research on climate impacts to biodiversity. 

Paper Framing Elite Policy Discourse: Epistemic Communities and 

Regulation of POPs 

Jessica Templeton, London School of Economics and Political 


Overview: Using global regulation of persistent organic pollutants 

as a case study, this paper analyzes the use of strategic issue 

framing tactics by epistemic communities of scientists seeking to 

bring about their preferred policy outcomes. 

Paper Are Scientists Political Players? Scientists in Four 

Environmental Policy Conflicts 

Christopher Weible, Georgia Institute of Technology 

Overview: What are the roles of scientists in environmental policy 

conflicts? This paper responds to this question using a mix of 

cross sectional and longitudinal mail-in questionnaire data 

spanning from 1990 to 2002 across four policy subsystems. 

Disc. John A. Hird, University of Massachusetts, Amherst 

50-10 MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES IN LOCAL 

GOVERNMENT 


Chair Rhys Andrews, Cardiff University 

Paper Administration of Public Programs in Rural Places 

Shelly Arsneault, California State University, Fullerton 

Kari Adams, California State University, Fullerton 

Overview: The findings suggest several hypotheses for public 

administration in rural communities, particularly in light of 

resource constraints that face administrators such as limited 

financial resources, staff training, expertise, and service 

availability. 

Paper Local Government Budgeting: Has It Kept Up With 

Technology? 

E. L. Bernick, University of Nevada, Las Vegas 

Overview: This study looks at the extent to which budget "best 

practices" are presented by county governments on their web sites. 

Paper Local Government Performance Measurement Adoption: 

Transaction Cost Analysis 

Hee Soun Jang, California State University, Fullerton 

Myungjung Kwon, University of North Carolina, Wilmington 

Overview: This study claims that performance adoption 

innovations in municipal governments should consider public 

management factors related to institution and bureaucracy as well 

as political and socioeconomic characteristics. 

Paper Comprehensive Planning in Municipal Government: Is it 

Worth the Hassle? 

Kimberly L. Nelson, Northern Illinois University 

Angela S. Shimkus, Southern Illinois University 

Overview: This research examines the value of comprehensive 

planning as determined by its use in Illinois municipal 

governments. Special attention is given to the overall usefulness of 

the practice related to its costs, both tangible and intangible. 

Disc. Rhys Andrews, Cardiff University 

50-18 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY AND REGULATION 

IN A FEDERAL CONTEXT 


Chair Frank T. Manheim, George Mason University 

Paper The Flow of Environmental Funds 


Benjamin Y. Clark, University of Georgia 

Overview: This essay quantitatively investigates the demand side 

for federal grants-in-aid to the states. 

Paper High Capacity State and Flexible Policy Solutions: Does 

Centralization Always Result in Coercion? 

Lada K. Dunbar, University of Michigan, Dearborn 

Overview: This paper analyzes the role of a national centralized 

policy authority in the introduction of policy innovations. 

Paper Cooptation, Capacity Building, and Channeling: Government 

Funding on NGOs 

Chang Bum Ju, University of Southern California 

Overview: This study tests competing theses regarding the 

patterns and impact of government funding on nonprofit 

organizations: cooptation, capacity building and channeling. They 

are conceptualized in terms of resource centralization and agency 

autonomy. 

Paper Bureaucratic Discretion and Legislative Control: State 

Brownfield Programs 

Susan M. Opp, University of Louisville 

Overview: Drawing upon bureaucratic discretion and political 

control of the bureaucracy theories this paper examines state 

brownfield program creation, implementation, and administration. 

Disc. Frank T. Manheim, George Mason University 

Brian Kisida, University of Arkansas 

51-10 CIVIL RIGHTS: YESTERDAY AND TODAY 


Chair Joseph E. Luders, Yeshiva University 

Paper Inmate Racial Segregation: Towards Racial Social-Political 

Strata 

Alejandro Garcia, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: Research on racial segregation fails to examine the 

context of inmate racial segregation in U.S. prisons and its 

relationship to the state; and instead has focused on the prison subculture. 

Paper The Politics of Anger: Southern Strategy and Rise of Negative 

Campaigning 

Lilly J. Goren, Carroll College 

Overview: This paper explores the connection between the rise of 

negative campaigning, the evolution of the Southern strategy and 

the angry American electorate. Long term impact and the 

Page | 233

difficulties for governing with an angry electorate frame the 

discussion. 

Paper Neither With Nor Without You: The U.S. Labor Movement 

and the Immigrants 

Maria C. Olivieti Minney, University of California, Irvine 

Overview: The paper examines three models of interaction 

between the U.S. Labor movement and the immigrants from the 

mid-1800s to today. The analysis shows a connection between the 

unions’ strength and ability to mobilize, and its policy towards 

immigrants. 

Paper Stokes Brothers: From the Projects to the Politics of Power in 

Cleveland 

Edward J. Pershey, Western Reserve Historical Society 

Overview: A new exhibit, drawing on the papers of Carl and Louis 

Stokes at the Western Reserve Historical Society, explores the 

way that two Cleveland men changed American urban politics by 

challenging the color line at both the local and national arenas. 

Disc. Michelle Hartman, Fairleigh Dickinson University 

Joseph E. Luders, Yeshiva University 

52-3 EXPLORATIONS IN TRUST AND DISTRUST 


Chair Margaret M. Young, Albion College 

Paper Political Trust, Values, Media and Performance: a Canadian 

Profile 

Crete Jean, Universite Laval 

Pelletier Rejean, Universite Laval 

Couture Jerome, Universite Laval 

Overview: The citizenry in many post-industrial countries has 

become increasingly sceptical towards politicians and political 

institutions. Is (dis)trust in institutions explained by the values, the 

media or the performance of the government? 

Paper Linking Trust and Postmaterialism: The Case for Theoretical 

Convergence 

Regan W. Damron, University of Georgia 

Overview: This paper seeks to specify a direct, independent 

relationship between generalized trust and postmaterialism on the 

one hand, and particularized trust and materialism on the other. 

Hypotheses are tested using a hierarchical generalized linear 

model. 

Paper Emerging Civil Society and Chinese WWII Reparations 

Movement 

Bin Xu, Northwestern University 

Overview: This paper is intended to explain the rise of Chinese 

WWII reparations movement against Japan by suggesting that the 

emergence of a globalized civil society in China nurtured a group 

of memory activists who initiated and promote the movement. 

Paper A Structural Equation Model of Social Capital and 

Corruption 

Xiaojun Li, University of Georgia 

Lichao He, University of Georgia 

Jun Yi Hsieh, Florida State University 

Overview: This paper uses a cross lagged panel model to test the 

relationship between social capital and corruption across major 

regions. 

Paper The Leaky Bucket Principle of Community Development in 

Global and International Partnerships 

Josè G. Vargas-Hernandez, Instituto tecnològico de Cd. Guzmàn 

Overview: The aim of this paper is to review the principle of the 

leaky bucket in global and international partnerships. 

Disc. Margaret M. Young, Albion College 

53-11 ISLAMIC FUNDAMENTALISM 

Room Parlor B, 6 th Floor, Sat at 12:45 pm 

Chair Donna Lee Bowen, Brigham Young University 

Paper Suicide Bombing: Does it Put Power in the Hands of the 

Powerless? 

Abdy Javadzadeh, Florida International University 

Overview: In an altruistic way suicide bombers sacrifice 

themselves for the greater cause, their nation, ideology, and 

religion. This paper takes a critical look at the identities of suicide 

bombers and what motivates them to make this ultimate sacrifice. 

Page | 234 

Paper Fabricating Terrorists: Al-Qaeda’s Construction of Identity 

Emy Matesan, Arizona State University 

Overview: This study provides an in-depth understanding of the 

psychological motivations of Muslim terrorists, by examining the 

process through which Al-Qaeda constructs a collective identity 

conducive to violence. 

Paper Western Political Theory and the Elusive Nature of 

Fundamentalist Islam 

Hassan Bashir, Texas A&M University 

Faraz M. Sheikh, Indiana University 

Overview: An analysis of Javed Ghamidi's political ideas. 

Focusing on hermenutical issues to illustrate the diversity within 

contemporary Islamic fundamentalism and highlight the problems 

inherent in recent western analyses of the phenomenon. 

Paper Violence: The Premise or Promise of Islam? 

Galip B. Isen, Istanbul Bilgi University 

Overview: The paper aims to review the vicissitudes of the 

perceptions of Islam in the West in modern history and delineate 

the cleavages of clash between Islamic societies and the West in 

order to propose a) that religion plays only a nominal role in a 

conflict that originates elsewhere, in relation to the forces of 

modernity and globality; b) that whether it preaches violence or 

peace, Islam as a political force is bound to recede and diminish, 

just as Sovietic socialism did, as integration with the global 

system increases. 

Paper Containing Religious Militancy: Why Appeasement Works 

Jonathan C. Eastvold, Illinois General Assembly 

Overview: A four-country study of factors shaping religious 

militants’ decisions to employ violence in pursuit of their aims. 

The conclusions suggest that a strategy of targeted appeasement is 

a viable option for neutralizing or deterring religious militants. 

Disc. Donna Lee Bowen, Brigham Young University 

53-201 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: POLITICAL THEORY 

AND RELIGION 


Presenter The Problematic Role of Milton’s Virtue and His Indebtedness 

to Vice 

Julianne M. Romanello, Baylor University 

Overview: In Areopagitica and Paradise Lost, Milton questions 

the possibility of earthly and celestial virtue. His discussion of 

censorship, free will, and the creation of Satan proves that rule by 

the virtuous will never be reality in England or elsewhere. 

55-201 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: ONLINE EDUCATION 


Presenter Issues in Online Education - The Community College Setting 

Nancy L. Bednar, Del Mar College 

Overview: This paper explores online education in community 

colleges, including the implications of the growth of online 

education for community college programs. It will also address 

dual credit courses that are being offered in Texas community 

colleges. 

Presenter Comparing Student Attitudes Toward Online Education 

Susan M. Johnson, University of Wisconsin, Whitewater 

Overview: A survey of students enrolled in online Political 

Science classes was conducted in 2004 and 2006. The surveys 

were administered at the beginning of the semester. The 2006 

survey included a follow-up survey at the end of the semester as 

well. 

55-202 INFORMAL ROUNDTABLE: INTERNATIONAL 

RELATIONS AND EDUCATION 


Presenter Teaching IR and American Democracy: Do Voters Vote on 

Foreign Policy? 

Christopher J. Saladino, Virginia Commonwealth University 

Overview: Do Americans consider foreign affairs when they vote? 

This paper argues that elections have been influenced by foreign 

policy debates but Americans are not educated on world affairs. 

Democracy is weakened when the public is not well informed.

Presenter College and International Events: Measuring Student 

Knowledge on the Darfur 

Benjamin Machar, Central Michigan University 

Sterling Johnson, Central Michigan University 

Christopher T. Owens, Central Michigan University 

J. Cherie Strachan, Central Michigan University 

Overview: This project, based on a random sample of 535 

students, is a preliminary effort to explore whether education has 

an independent effect on current U. S. students’ knowledge about 

and desire to influence decisions to intervene in international 

events. 


RESEARCH II 

Room Exhibit Hall, 4 th Floor, Sat at 12:45 pm 

Presenter Tocqueville, Martineau, and The Woman Question 

(Board 1) 

Briana KL McGinnis, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: A textual comparison of Harriet Martineau's "Society 

in America" and Alexis de Tocqueville's "Democracy in 

America," focusing the contemporary usefulness of supplementing 

Tocqueville's thought about the place of women in an incipient 

democracy. 

Presenter Assessing the Validity of the Crisis Thesis: Exploring Eminent 

Domain 

(Board 2) 

Joshua L Austin, West Virginia University 

Susan Hunter, West Virginia University 

Overview: To assess the validity of the Crisis Thesis versus the 

Milligan Thesis, we seek to use the right to own property as a civil 

right that can be encroached upon by the state during wartime via 

excessive use of eminent domain. 

Presenter The Moral Paradox of Jubilee? Debt Forgiveness As Policy 

Image 

(Board 3) 

Larycia A. Hawkins, University of Oklahoma 

Larisa Yun, University of Oklahoma 

Overview: Jubilee 2000 betrays a clash of titans: the moralistic 

tale of debt forgiveness versus the technical tale of the harsh 

realities of globalization. This paper examines whether the causal 

story of debt forgiveness was consistent across policy venues. 

Presenter Human Rights Barriers: The Wall in Israel and the U.S. 

Mexico Border Fence 

(Board 4) 

Jennifer L LaMay, Alma College 

Overview: The erection of the wall in Israel and the fence along 

the U.S. Mexico border may be necessary for security reasons; 

however these physical barriers violate human rights. This paper 

compares the barriers and demonstrates the human rights 

violations. 

Presenter Cultural Differences Help in Understanding Election Results 

(Board 5) 

Tina M Loughry, Ohio Northern University 

Overview: This paper examines the possibility of a cultural divide 

between Northern and Southern Mexico and its relationship to the 

outcome of the 2006 Presidential Election. 

Presenter NATO Expansion and American Grand Strategy 

(Board 6) 

Justinas A Sileikis, College of the Holy Cross 

Overview: This thesis analyzes the reasoning behind U.S. 

acceptance of the Baltics into NATO, asserting that it was done to 

enhance the legitimacy of prospective unilateral American foreign 

policy actions both within NATO and among international ad hoc 

coalitions. 

Presenter Selecting Recipients for Bilateral Economic Foreign Aid 

(Board 7) 

Mariana Rodriguez, University of Alabama, Birmingham 

Overview: This paper attempts to provide an explanation as to 

how donor states select recipients of bilateral economic foreign 

aid. Hypotheses are derived from both the realist and liberal 

theories. Efforts are aimed towards conducting cross-national 

testing. 

Presenter The Line Between Poverty and Destitution in Dostoevsky’s 

Political Thought 

(Board 8) 

Lauren R Scagnoli, Bridgewater State College 

Overview: This paper pursues the question of the manner and 

extent to which Dostoevsky provides a theory of compassion. 

Dostoevsky gives compassion an important role in his political 

theory that serves as an alternative to Rousseau’s political 

philosophy. 

Presenter African-American Attitudes toward Immigration 

(Board 9) 

Linda A. Kenney, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville 

Jennifer L Bauer, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville 

Overview: We use survey items from these data sets to develop 

economic, racial, and social justice models to explain support and 

opposition to immigration among African Americans. 

Presenter The Role of Parliamentary Committees in East Central 

European Democracies 

(Board 10) 

Lucija Bajzer, Creighton University 

Overview: This paper studies the role of committee systems in 

East Central European parliamentary democracies by testing three 

competing hypotheses, derived from theory, to determine the 

theories' relative ability to explain committee allocation decisions. 

Presenter Peace through Trade? Rivalries, Cooperative Gains, and the 

Commerical Peace 

(Board 11) 

Sean M. Stiff, University of Toledo 

Overview: This article examines the constructive potential of 

commercial liberalism, and poses the question of whether or not 

trade can help reestablish and strengthen political relations 

between former belligerents. 

Presenter Contribution Limits in Colorado Legislative Elections 

(Board 12) 

Matthew S. Barnes, Creighton University 

Overview: I test if Colorado contribution limits influence a change 

in the number and dollar amount of contributions for Colorado 

House candidates. I find that only candidate status and competitive 

districts determine a change in the levels of contributions. 

Presenter Public Support for Environmental Protection 

(Board 13) 

Sarah M. Arpin, Creighton University 

Overview: This study seeks to explain public support for 

environmental protection by differentiating between two types of 

support: support shown through monetary or financial sacrifices 

and support shown through activism. 

Presenter How the Increased Cost of Library Operations Adversely 

Affect the Poor 

(Board 14) 

Jameka J. Roberts, University of the District of Columbia 

Overview: Public goods equity as it relates to the “digital-divide” 

is the central focus of this study which compares the usages, 

demographics, and services offered at a public library within an 

“urban” area to those of one located within a “suburban” area. 

Presenter An Intelligence Perspective on China's Economic and Military 

Growth 

(Board 15) 

Mihaela C. Berbec, Faculty of Political Science/University of 

Bucharest 

Overview: This paper examines the drivers and outcomes of the 

two models of intelligence emerging in the international security 

realm, and describes the competition between democratic and 

authoritarian states using intelligence as a tool to their growth. 

Presenter Aid for Successful Democracy 

(Board 16) 

Nicole M. Dissette, Grand Valley State University 

Overview: This paper examines the impact USAID democracy 

assistance programs on democratic consolidation of transitioning 

countries in the post-Cold War era. 

Page | 235

Presenter Arab American Representation in the U.S. Senate 

(Board 17) 

Nadia N. Aziz, Clemson University 

Overview: While the literature has examined representation of 

other minority groups, to date no literature has considered 

representation of Arab-Americans. The current research fills this 

void by analyzing Arab-American representation in the U.S. 

Congress. 

Presenter Escaping the Trap for Good: Toward a Sustainable Peace for 

Northern Uganda 

(Board 18) 

Kenneth S. Ferenchak, Ohio State University 

Overview: Field observations from northern Uganda reveal the 

shortcomings of the Reintegration component of the DDR 

program of civil conflict resolution and recovery, namely failure 

to extend beyond ex-combatants and neglect of factors such as 

political voice. 

Presenter Isolation as a Cause of Voting Decline 

(Board 19) 

Philip Babler, Marquette University 

Overview: This paper argues that the increasing isolation of the 

individual—socially, spatially, economically, and temporally—is 

the cause of the declining turnout in US elections over the past 45 

years. 

57-105 ROUNDTABLE: SURVIVE AND THRIVE: 

SUCCESSFUL STRATEGIES FOR TENURE 

Room Monroe, 6 th Floor, Sat at 12:45 pm 

Chair Elizabeth A. Bennion-Turba, Indiana University, South Bend 

Panelist Kathleen Dolan, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 

Ann Lin, University of Michigan 

Joanna Scott, Eastern Michigan University 

Staci Rhine, Wittenberg College 

Overview: Panelists from diverse institutions will provide advice 

on building a successful case for tenure and promotion. 

59-103 ROUNDTABLE: TEACHING LGBT COURSES AND 

STUDENTS (Co-sponsored with Teaching Political 

Science, see 55-102) 

Room Adams, 6 th Floor, Sat at 12:45 pm 

Chair Charles Smith, University of Miami 

Panelist Jami Taylor, North Carolina State University 

Shawn Schulenberg, University of California, Riverside 

Overview: TBA 

Page | 236


1-105 ROUNDTABLE: WHAT CAUSES ETHNIC RIOTS? 

TAKING STOCK OF ACCUMULATED EVIDENCE 

(Co-sponsored with Ethnicity and Nationalism, see 20- 

101) 


Chair Henry E. Hale, George Washington University 

Panelist Paul R. Brass, University of Washington 

Donald L. Horowitz, Duke University 

Alexandra Scacco, Columbia University 

Ashutosh Varshney, University of Michigan 

Steven I. Wilkinson, University of Chicago 

Overview: What Causes Ethnic Riots? Taking Stock of 

Accumulated Evidence 

3-12 INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION 


Chair Natasha Iskander, New York University 

Paper Contemporary Mexico-U.S. Migration and Sub-National 

Politics in Mexico 


Overview: Out-migration from Mexico to the U.S. has reshaped, 

via ‘selection’ effects and ‘contextual’ effects, local politics in 

Mexico. 

Paper Emigration and Remittance Policy in the Developing World 

Roy P. Germano, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: This paper provides an overview of and general 

explanations for the types of emigration policies and institutions 

that have emerged in Latin America, the Middle East, and South 

Asia in recent decades. 

Paper Interpretative Engagement for Global Services: The Case of 

La Banque Centrale Marocaine 

Natasha Iskander, New York University 

Overview: Based on a Moroccan case study, I argue that service 

globalization derives from new understandings about the kinds of 

services demanded as globalization stretches labor markets, 

industries and state functions internationally. 

Paper Remitting Ideas and Money: How Migrants are Changing 

Political Beliefs and Behavior Back Home in Mexico 

Clarisa Perez-Armendariz, University of Texas, Austin 

David Crow, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: We draw on original survey data to explore the effect 

of international migration on beliefs about, and evaluations of, 

democracy among Mexican nationals residing in Mexico. 

Paper Mobility and New Institutions in a Transnational Labor 

Market: The Return of Chinese Migrant Engineers from the 

U.S. 

Fei Qin, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 

Overview: This study examines the determinants of return 

migration decisions and the role of a variety of institutional and 

social factors in shaping the migration flows. 

Paper Extending the Arms of the State: Overseas Filipinos and the 

Politics of Emigration 

Neil G. Ruiz, Brookings Institution 

Overview: The paper examines the growing dependence of the 

Philippine state on labor export institutions. 

Disc. Manuel Orozco, Inter American Dialogue 

Saltanat Liebert, American University 

3-23 TERRORISM IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE 


Chair Benjamin Smith, University of Florida 

Paper Under the Siege of Terrorism: National Security or 

Fundamental Liberties? 

Banu Baybars Hawks, Kadir Has University 

Overview: Fredrick S. Siebert, in 1952, argued that when events 

increased stresses on society and on government, freedom of 

expression would diminish. The examples of Turkey and the 

United States, as argued in this paper, will support Siebert’s thesis. 

Paper Terrorism: The New Development Strategy 

Laura V. Fontaine, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Overview: This paper will argue that terrorist groups are leading 

citizen run bottom-up development projects, increasing their 

membership and escalating their cause. Terrorist organizations are 

now utilizing development strategies as a recruitment tool. 

Paper Terrorism in the Horn of Africa: Where Bin Laden Began his 

Rise 

Tseggai Isaac, University of Missouri, Rolla 

Overview: In the far corners of the Horn of Africa, terrorist 

movements have taken advantage of Western indifference to the 

region are muscling their way to formal politics. Ethiopia, Eritrea, 

Kenya and Uganda have battled terrorist for decades. 

Paper Insurgencies, Counterinsurgencies, and Civil-Military 

Relations: How, When, and Why Do Civilians Prevail? 

Ozlem Kayhan Pusane, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: This paper explores how domestic security threats 

affect civil-military relations in Turkey and Peru. 

Disc. Benjamin Smith, University of Florida 

4-13 TOWARDS DEMOCRATIZATION IN CHINA? 

Room PDR 4, 3 rd Floor Sat at 2:35 pm 

Chair Xiaojun Yan, Harvard University 

Paper Civil Liberty and Political Freedom in China 

Diqing Lou, Texas A&M University 

Tianjian Shi, Duke University 

Overview: Combining subjective survey data and objective coding 

analysis, the paper examines the influence of economic 

development on the transformation of civil liberties and political 

freedom in non-democratic China during the past decades. 

Paper Working Class and Democratization Deadlock in China 

Feng Sun, University of Alabama 

Overview: This paper explores the democratization puzzle of 

economic reform without political liberalization in China by 

indicating the fact that China lacks one of the critical elements of 

democratization: a relative strong working class. 

Paper The Rising Leaders in the Chinese Countryside 

Xiaojun Yan, Harvard University 

Overview: The paper examines the transformation of village 

leadership in China under the market reform. It shows how the 

reform brought former political outcasts (business owners) into 

China's local politics and why the communist officials supported 

it. 

Paper Governance-Driven Deliberation in China: Democratization 

on the Way? 

Li Guo, University of British Columbia 

Overview: My paper addresses the theoretical challenge to the 

liberal paradigm of democratization posed by China's recent 

reform to bring public participation and consultation into some 

decision-making process. 

Paper A Game-Theoretic Analysis of China's Village Elections 

Hiroki Takeuchi, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: This paper discusses China's village elections. Using a 

simple game-theoretic model, it shows that cadres' personal 

qualities would be the decisive factor in determining whether 

public goods were provided in the village. 

Disc. Jessica Xu, Yale University 

6-1 COMPARATIVE ECONOMIC VOTING 


Chair Matthew M. Singer, Duke University 

Paper On the Efficiency of the Voting Market: A Global Perspective 

Timothy Hellwig, University of Houston 

David Samuels, University of Minnesota 

Overview: Building on research on the effects of information on 

elections, this paper examines the efficiency of the voting market 

in comparative perspective. It seeks to determine the extent to 

which voters are "fully informed" . 

Page | 237

Paper Voting on Inequality? Inequality and Economic Voting in 

Latin America 

Matthew M. Singer, Duke University 

Guillermo Rosas, Washington University, St. Louis 

Overview: Original survey data collected in Argentina, Mexico, 

and Peru demonstrate that perceived inequalities have real 

political impact on support for incumbents, prospective voting 

choices, and democratic institutions. 

Paper Some Individual Determinants of Electoral Accountability in 

Brazil 

Francois Gelineau, Universite Laval 

Overview: To what extent do individual-level characteristics 

shape the propensity of voters to blame/reward incumbents for 

their policy performance? The paper explores the economic 

determinants of individual support for incumbent presidents in 

Brazil. 

Paper Utilitarian Explanations of Support for the European Union 

Agnes K. Koos, University of New Orleans 

Overview: Attitudes toward the EU hinge on interests, but which 

interests are the most salient in shaping them? The impact of 

personal and national interests is quasi-equal. But Europeans tend 

to place social protection at the top of the national interest list. 

Paper Explaining Executive Approval Ratings in France (1959-2006) 

Mathieu Turgeon, University of North Texas 

Overview: Analyzing the French presidential and prime minister 

approval ratings, I found that prime ministers are held more 

responsible for the ebbs and flows of the economy than are 

presidents and that periods of cohabitation exhibit dynamics of 

their own. 

Disc. Erik R. Tillman, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 

Alex Theodoridis, University of California, Berkeley 

7-14 TERRORISTS AT THE GATE: EUROPEAN 

RESPONSES 


Chair Irina M. Busygina, MGIMO 

Paper Is European Defence a Public Issue? Media Coverage of the 

EDSP in French National Newspapers. 

Cyrille Thiebaut, Paris I - La Sorbonne 

Overview: European Defence and Security Policy is presented as 

the next challenge in the political construction of the European 

Union. However, it doesn’t seem to be a public issue. I propose to 

study the media coverage of the European Defence and Security 

Policy. 

Paper Non-alignment of EU and U.S. Foreign Policies 

Gabriele Birnberg, London School of Economics 

Overview: Is the EU a global foreign policy player in its own right 

or do its foreign policies follow the American lead? - A study of 

conditions under which the U.S. and EU do not align their foreign 

policies. 

Paper The European Union and Terrorism Policy: Debating the 

Future of the CFSP 

Sara M. Moats, West Virginia University 

Overview: Intergovernmentalism implies that self interest takes 

precedent over cooperation therefore; I theorize that the European 

Security and Defense policy will remain largely symbolic and the 

member states will be reluctant to turn control over to the EU. 

Paper How Vanquished Nazis Could Help Us Fight the War on 

Terror 

Nicholas J. Steneck, Ohio State University 

Overview: This paper suggests that the current struggle against 

international terrorism is very similar in nature, if not detail, to the 

one West Germans confronted in Cold War's opening decades. 

Paper Long-Term Terrorism and Its Influence on Spain’s Public 

Opinion 

Valentina A. Bali, Michigan State University 

Overview: This paper examines between 1979 and 2006 who 

among Spaniards considers terrorism, in particular from the 

separatists ETA, a main national problem and how assessments of 

terrorism affect in turn political evaluations. 

Disc. Irina M. Busygina, MGIMO 

Page | 238 

8-14 THE LEFT IN LATIN AMERICA 


Chair Roseanna Heath, Texas A&M University 

Paper The Emerging Latin American Left: Inequality, Foreign 

Leftist Support, and Political Discontent 

Claudia Nancy Avellaneda, Texas A&M University 

Roseanna Michelle Heath, Texas A&M University 

Overview: This paper investigates the political and socioeconomic 

variables contributing to the emergence of left 

movements to the executive branch of government in Latin 

America recently. 

Paper What’s Left of the Brazilian Left? 

Daniela Campello, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: In this paper, I conduct a content analysis using TV 

campaign material from the five Brazilian elections in which Lula 

ran for presidency. My goal is to examine the evolution of the 

candidate’s discourse regarding economic policies. 

Paper Trading Arms for Ballots: The Left in Post-Conflict Central 

America 

Annabella Espana Najera, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: The paper examines leftist parties in post-conflict 

Central America, analyzing how these parties have done in 

democratic elections. It argues that to explain their success or 

failure in the electoral arena we need to examine the transition 

process. 

Paper Challenging the Notion of a Leftist Turn in Latin America 

Gustavo Flores, Georgetown University 

Overview: Contrary to the common perception that Latin America 

is turning left, an analysis of economic indicators shows that 

governments that originated from left-of-center parties have 

preserved the neoliberal policies that characterized their 

antecessors. 

Paper The 'love-hate' Relationship Between Neopopulist Leaders 

and the Mass Media in South America 

Diane E. Johnson, Lebanon Valley College 

Overview: Following Waisman and Ducatenzeiler (2006), this 

paper hypothesizes variation in the contemporary media-state 

relationship based on regime type, and compares this with 

relationships between media and 'classical' populists such as Juan 

Per≤n. 

Disc. Hector Perla, Ohio University 

11-4 DETERMINANTS OF CONFLICT AND 

COOPERATION IN THE MIDDLE EAST 


Chair Sanford R. Silverburg, Catawba College 

Paper Turkey: A Regional Power in the Middle East 

Selin E. Guner, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale 

Overview: This research will present Turkey's geopolitical 

significance, its military capacity and its economy which are the 

three basic factors contributing to her status as a 'regional power'. 

Paper Deals in Damascus: Syrian Foreign Policy in the U.S.-Led 

Wars Against Iraq 

Debra L. Shulman, Yale University 

Overview: This paper discerns the dominant drivers behind Syrian 

foreign policy decisions during the 1990-91 and 2003 Gulf Wars, 

focusing on the role played by domestic conditions, including 

economic factors and public opinion. 

Paper Realism, Constructivism, and Collective Security in the Arab 

League 

Ahmed A. Salem, Zayed University 

Overview: I developed a set of realist and non-state-centric 

constructivist hypotheses as applied to international organizations 

and tested them in collective security actions of the League of 

Arab States in response to the Iraq-Kuwait crises in 1961 and 

1990.

Paper The Peace Process and the Palestinian Political Landscape 

Husam A. Mohamad, University of Central Oklahoma 

Overview: This article examines forces that have influenced the 

Palestinian political landscape, focusing on the failure of the peace 

process and its effect on the changing relations among political 

elites and trends in the Palestinian territories. 

Disc. Ali R. Abootalebi, University of Wisconsin, Eau Claire 

Muqtedar Khan, University of Delaware 

12-3 CANADIAN IDENTITY AND ATTITUDES 


Chair Jean Crete, Universite Laval 

Paper The Catholic-Liberal Connection in Canada: A Modern 

Appraisal 

Laura B. Stephenson, University of Western Ontario 

Overview: The tendency of Catholics to vote for the Liberal Party 

of Canada has puzzled Canadian political scientists for decades. 

This paper evaluates the tendency for Catholics to vote for the 

Liberal Party. 

Paper Attitudes about Federalism Among Quebec Youths 

Andrea M. L. Perrella, Université de Montréal 

Éric Bélanger, McGill University 

Overview: Attitudes about federalism among Quebecers aged 18- 

34 are explored. The paper will focus on why young francophone 

sovereignists views are more varied, while young anglophone and 

allophone sovereignists appear more cognitively constrained. 

Paper Political Attitudes of Western Canadians Ages 18-34 

Robert P. Roach, Canada West Foundation 

Loleen Berdahl, Canada West Foundation 

Overview: The Canada West Foundation’s Looking West 2006 

Survey included a wide range of questions on public policy 

priorities, political identity, and democratic participation and 

attitudes. 

Paper The Northern Enigma: American Images of Canada 

Paul Gecelovsky, University of Lethbridge 

Stephen Brooks, University of Michigan/University of Windsor 

Overview: The paper will examine the emergence of two 

contrasting images of Canada in the U.S. and argue that the 

existence of these dual images has resulted, in part, in a U.S. 

policy towards Canada that is as schizophrenic as the images. 

Disc. John S. Matthews, Queen's University 

13-1 LEGISLATIVE POLITICS IN THE POST 

COMMUNIST REGION 


Chair Krista E. Wiegand, Georgia Southern University 

Paper Electoral Mandates and Presidential Support in the Russian 

Duma, 1994-2003 

Frank C. Thames, Texas Tech University 

Overview: The literature on presidential systems suggests that 

presidents find it easer to build coalitions with single-member 

district legislators. This paper tests this assumption by examining 

presidential support in the mixed-member Russian Duma. 

Paper Veto Players or Agenda Setters? Legislative Organization in 

the Czech Republic 

Monika Anna Napela, Harvard University 

Andrew Roberts, Northwestern University 

Overview: The paper proposes a model explaining how Senatorial 

amendments can be successfully accepted by the House even 

though the majorities required for passing legislation and 

overriding senatorial amendments are almost identical. 

Paper Committee Roles in the Legislative Politics of a Developing 

Legislature: The Case of the Ukrainian Parliament 

Irina Knmelko, Georgia Southern University 

Overview: The paper discusses the process of committee system 

formation in a developing legislature. It addresses the effects of a 

mixed electoral system and party politics on committee roles in 

legislative process and oversight of the Ukrainian parliament. 

Paper Women's Substantive Representation in Post-Soviet 

Legislatures: Duma Roll-Call Vote Analysis 

Raminta Stockute, University of Kansas 

Overview: Research maintains that female politicians are more 

likely to support issues of concern to women, for example, health 

care or maternity benefits. The findings demonstrate that, first, for 

the most part, being female has no independent effect on a deputy' 

Disc. Scott Desposato, University of California, San Diego 

Joel Ostrow, Benedictine University 

14-10 IPE WITH AN ASIAN FOCUS 


Chair Susan C. Morris, University of Wisconsin, Platteville 

Paper Global Finance, Neoliberal Economic Reform , and the State: 

The Case of Japan 

Takaaki Suzuki, Ohio University 

Overview: This paper demonstrates how and why the rise of 

global finance in Japan since the early 1980s has expanded, rather 

than eroded, the role of the state in the issue area of fiscal and 

financial policy. 

Paper Global Shift: Emerging Economies and Globalization 

Joseph J. St. Marie, University of Southern Mississippi 

Shahdad Naghshpour, University of Southern Mississippi 

Samuel S. Stanton, Jr., Grove City College 

Overview: The Economist declared that emerging economies now 

produce more than half the world’s GDP. Who are these countries, 

and are their economies and politics significantly integrated and 

globalized? We test this thesis in a large-N time-series model. 

Paper Sequence of Regional Institution-Building in Asia and the 

Pacific 

Yasumasa Komori, University of Pittsburgh 

Overview: This paper examines the temporal dimension of 

regional institution-building by analyzing the impact of the 

preceding regional institutions on the subsequent creation of 

institutions in Asia and the Pacific. 

Paper National Responses to a Regional Problem: The Asian 

Financial Crisis of 1997-98 and Post-Crisis Reform Policies in 

East Asia 

Yongwook Ryu, Harvard University 

Overview: This paper examines the impact of the Asian financial 

crisis (1997-98) on the crisis-affected East Asian countries-- South 

Korea, Hong Kong, Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia. It first 

surveys the different national reform policies. 

Paper Democracy and Economic Inequality in South Asia: Any 

Discernible Link? 

Udaya R. Wagle, Western Michigan University 

Overview: Examines political democracy and economic inequality 

and finds that they may not be compatible in South Asia. While 

this finding is not consistent with earlier findings, it offers 

contextual explanations for the differences observed. 

Disc. Susan C. Morris, University of Wisconsin, Platteville 

15-13 INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS AND MILITARY 

CONFLICT 


Chair David C. Johnson, University of California, Los Angeles 

Paper The Economic Origins of International Conflict: An Agent- 

Based Model 

Brett L. Carter, University of Chicago 

Overview: This paper presents an agent-based simulation that 

suggests the incentives for and prevalence of international conflict 

shift as the most salient factors of economic growth – land, labor, 

physical capital, and human capital – change over time. 

Paper Oil and Post-Cold War Great Power Politics in Central Asia 

Akm K. Islam, Southern Illinois University 

Overview: The purpose of the study is to show how competition 

for natural resources can shape great power politics. In my study, I 

will discuss strategies of three great powers such as the United 

States, Russia, and China in gaining control over Central Asian 

natural resources. 

Page | 239

Paper Economic Interdependence and Conflict in Periods of Power 

Transition 

Lance Y. Hunter, Texas Tech University 

Taylor McMichael, Texas Tech University 

Overview: The question posed is this paper is whether economic 

interdependence is effective in reducing conflict in periods in 

which there is the greatest potential for conflict. Is economic 

interdependence effective in reducing conflict during periods of 

power. 

Paper A Return to Perpetual Peace: Economic Freedom and the 

Republican State 

Patrick R. Gibbons, University of North Texas 

Overview: Kant’s republican state avoids war as citizens do not 

wish to endure war. If states can hide the costs of war then the 

mode of government may not matter. Economic freedom may 

allow the costs of war to be transparent enough for war to be 

avoided. 

Disc. David C. Johnson, University of California, Los Angeles 

16-14 PREPARING FOR ARMAGEDDON 


Chair Jeremy Youde, Grinnell College 

Paper Pandemic Disease: A Past and Future Challenge to 

Governance 

Alethia Cook, University of Akron 

David B. Cohen, University of Akron 

Overview: Governments have struggled to address the unique 

challenges posed by pandemic disease. This paper explores past 

cases of pandemic disease and applies some lessons learned to the 

threat of a future pandemic. 

Paper CBRN Attack Perpetrators: An Empirical Study 

Kate Ivanova, Vanderbilt University 

Todd Sandler, University of Texas, Dallas 

Overview: This article assesses the future risks from chemical, 

biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) terrorism. The results 

indicate that religious cults and groups with a transnational 

orientation pose the largest CBRN threat to society. 

Paper Satellites, Spying, and the Future of Arms Control 

Verification 

Quincy W. Castro, Marquette University 

Overview: This paper examines the changes to arms control 

verification caused by the collapse of the Cold War balance and 

diffusion of information technology, proposing that it is still 

possible, though difficult, for states to collectively prevent 

abrogation. 

Disc. Jeffrey M. Cavanaugh, Bradley University 

17-13 IT PAYS TO BE DIPLOMATIC 


Chair Andrew Kydd, University of Pennsylvania 

Paper An Issue-Based Explanation of the Timing of Negotiation 

Efforts in International Conflicts 

Belinda L. Bragg, Rowan University 

Overview: This research explains why only some crises between 

states are resolved through negotiation. It proposes that costs 

dominate the decision to initiate negotiation and that the impact of 

these costs is determined by the salience of the issue at stake. 

Paper The Empirical Necessity of Foreign Policy Substitution 

David H. Clark, Binghamton University 



Overview: This paper articulates why it is essential to think about 

foreign policy choices (plural) instead of considering single 

foreign policies juxtaposed against all other possible choices. 

Paper Diplomatic Interactions Over Time and Space 

Resat Bayer, Koc University 

Overview: I discuss findings emerging from the updated 

Correlates of War Diplomatic Exchange data set. 

Page | 240 

Paper Power and Agency: How Past Diplomacy Determines the 

Choice of Sides 

Robert F. Trager, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: The paper analyzes the effect of threats on ongoing 

relations between states, and in particular on long-term alignment 

decisions. 

Disc. Bernd Beber, Columbia University 

17-20 CONFLICT, INSURGENCY, AND STATE POWER 


Chair Rolin G. Mainuddin, North Carolina Central University 

Paper Military Resilience in Low Intensity Conflict 

Rahel Suissa, University of Haifa 

Overview: Military Resilience in Low Intensity Conflict – New 

Directions: A comparative Research France-Algeria, Britain- 

Ireland, Russia-Chechnya, Israel-The Palestinian Authority 

Paper Authoritarian States and Responses to External Threats: 

Sponsoring VNSAs? 

Belgin San Akca, University of California, Davis 

Overview: Why do some states support violent non-state actors 

although it may backlash at them? Despite increasing effects of 

terrorism political scientists ignore its utility as an instrument of 

conflict escalation and interest advancement among states. 

Paper Risk and Violence: Understanding the Protest Strategies of 

Marginalized Groups 

Emily A. Beaulieu, University of Kentucky 

Kathleen G. Cunningham, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: In this paper we construct an empirical measure of risk, 

or variability of state response, and test its effects on levels of 

separatist group violence. 

Paper The Role of Elite Benefit in the Onset and Duration of Civil 

War 

Caroline L. Payne, Louisiana State University 

Overview: I intend to examine the effects of elite benefit on both 

the initiation and duration of civil conflict. 

Disc. TBA 

18-9 CURRENT ISSUES IN U.S. FOREIGN POLICY 


Chair Rashida Hussain, Wright State University 

Paper Neorealism and its Ethics: Mearsheimer, Snyder and Walt 

Against the Iraq War 

Toru Oga, Ibaraki University 

Overview: The paper focuses on an ethical turn of neorealism by 

examining their critical discourses on anti-Iraq War campaign. 

Numerous realist discourses dramatically move from traditional 

neorealism toward anti-imperial temptations. 

Paper Hegemonic Conflict after 9/11 

William W. Newmann, Virginia Commonwealth University 

Overview: Theories of hegemony require revision. Al-Qaeda and 

its ideology pose an asymmetric challenge to U.S. hegemony. By 

weakening and de-legitimizing the U.S., al-Qaeda may disrupt 

U.S. hegemony, breaking nations and regions out of the U.S. 

hegemonic orbit. 

Paper The Bush Doctrine at Five 

William D. Anderson, Western Illinois University 

Overview: It was in the middle of 2002 that President Bush began 

articulating what became known as the "Bush Doctrine." This 

paper presents both an exposition of the Bush Doctrine, in its 

original and revised forms; and an assessment of the criticisms. 

Paper Diplomacy Under Crisis: Executive Agreements in a 

Turbulent Global Arena 

Randall D. Smith, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Overview: To the chagrin of realist assertion, scholarly treatment 

of U.S. executive agreements focuses on domestic determinants. 

This study remedies such oversight by providing quantitative 

analysis of executive agreements as motivated by international 

crises.

Paper A Systems Theory Understanding of Terrorism with 

Implications for Policy 

Miriam E. Mendelson, University of Akron 

Overview: An examination of the global Islamist terror movement 

from a complex systems perspective. This includes an overview of 

the terror system and its components, how this relates to systems 

theory and what are its implications for counterterrorism policy. 

Disc. Jane Kim, University of Essex 

Rashida Hussain, Wright State University 

20-5 CITIZENSHIP: THE NATION AT HOME AND 

ABROAD 


Chair Devashree Gupta, Carleton College 

Paper What Does it Mean to be American? Values, Identity and 

Patriotism 

Rebecca E. Blanton, City University of New York 

Overview: Results from a survey that directly questions people 

about their civic beliefs, their commitment to the American Creed, 

and the feelings of patriotism are presented. 

Paper Advocating Tolerance or Division: Multiculturalism Contested 

Annika M. Hinze, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Overview: The politics of multiculturalism has been a significant 

variable in debating the treatment of minority groups in Western 

democracies. This paper explores the contestedness of the term 

itself and the influence of its implementation. 

Paper Can American Democracy Be Sustained? Immigration, 

Diversity, and Conflict 

Joel Lieske, Cleveland State University 

Overview: Using data for nation states and the American states 

and counties, this paper explores the implications and 

consequences of expansionist immigration policies that are 

making the U. S. more racially, ethnically, religiously, and 

socially diverse. 

Paper States and Their Citizens Abroad: Dual Citizenship as a State 

Strategy 

Sybil D. Rhodes, Western Michigan University 

Arus Harutyunyan, Western Michigan University 

Overview: Examines the conditions under which countries decide 

to tolerate or encourage multiple citizenship, with case studies of 

Armenia, Mexico, and Spain. 

Disc. Devashree Gupta, Carleton College 

21-14 THE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND STRATEGIC 

NATURE OF COOPERATION (Co-sponsored with 

Formal Modeling, see 34-15) 


Chair Nathan A. Collins, Stanford University 

Paper Institutional Rules and the Evolution of Preferences: A 

Computer Simulation 

Douglas R. Oxley, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 

Kevin B. Smith, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 

Overview: A computer simulation is used to evaluate the impact 

of institutional rules on the evolution of cooperation. 

Paper Social Cues Speed the Determination of Cooperative Type in 

Economic Games 

John M. Fulwider, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 

Rhonda Saferstein, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 

Overview: Do social cues affect cooperation in economic games? 

We compare results from a standard, text-based presentation of the 

public goods game with a presentation where players see 

photographs and names of the other players. 

Paper Sociality as a Defensive Response to Loss: Laboratory 

Experiments 


John Orbell, University of Oregon 

Timothy Johnson, Stanford University 

Overview: We report experimental results of how framing (gains 

vs. losses) affect behavior (and decision to enter) in games 

involving cooperation, altruistic punishment, games of status, 

ultimatum games etc. Experiments are conducted in Russia and in 

the U.S. 

Paper The Evolution of Cooperation Among Strangers in One Shot 

PD Games 

Oleg Smirnov, University of Miami 

Tim Johnson, Stanford University 

Overview: We present a model where cooperation evolves in a 

population of organisms that play one-shot games with randomly 

determined partners whose past choices are unknown. Cooperation 

evolves via a simple strategy, which we call COEQUAL. 

Paper Evolution of Altruistic Punishment: Effects of Information 

and Group Size 

Eser Sekercioglu, Stony Brook University 

Overview: An evolutionary game theoretic model of altruistic 

punishment is developed with two novelties: Effects of the size of 

group providing the public good and cost of information (i.e. cost 

of monitoring for cheaters). 

Disc. Nathan A. Collins, Stanford University 

22-11 STRATEGIC VOTING 


Chair Meredith Rolfe, University of Oxford 

Paper Efficient Information Aggregation with Costly Voting 

Vijay Krishna, Pennsylvania State University 

John Morgan, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: We show that sincere voting is an equilibrium of 

majority-rule and unanimity-rule voting games with private 

information and privately known costs of participation. The 

informational efficiency of these equilibria in large electorates is 

analyzed. 

Paper Voting for Coalitions: Strategic Voting under Proportional 


Matias A. Bargsted, University of Michigan 

Orit Kedar, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 

Overview: We demonstrate that voters in PR systems vote based 

on expectations about coalition composition. In particular, they 

employ Duvergerian logic: when expecting an unfavorable 

coalition, they desert their first choice and endorse a lesser of 

evils. 

Paper Measuring Strategic Voting in a Single-Member Plurality 

System 

Andre Blais, Universite de Montreal 

Marc A. Bodet, McGill University 

Overview: This paper tests two methods of measuring strategic 

voting in SMP systems. We argue for an improved simulation 

method – one which is more theoretically appealing, and in some 

cases will yield more robust estimates of strategic voting. 

Paper Learning Strategic Voting: Tactical Voting in Hungarian 

Elections, 1994-2002 

James W. Endersby, University of Missouri 

Agnes Simon, University of Missouri 

Overview: Using data at the polling place level, this paper 

investigates strategic voting in a mixed, two-round electoral 

system and trends in tactical behavior across several parliamentary 

elections in the post-communist, transitional democracy of 

Hungary. 

Paper The Social Underpinnings of Strategic Voting: Priming in a 

Primary 

Anand E. Sokhey, Ohio State University 

Overview: This paper examines strategic voting in a gubernatorial 

primary election, positing that such behavior can be explained by 

political discussion – in social networks and civic organizations – 

priming considerations of candidate electability. 

Disc. Meredith Rolfe, University of Oxford 

23-9 CAMPAIGN FIELD EXPERIMENTS 


Chair Brian J. Brox, Tulane University 

Paper Political Posters: (How) Do They Affect Viewers? An 

Experimental Approach 

Delia Dumitrescu, Ohio State University 

Overview: Using an experimental design, this paper proposes two 

psychological mechanisms by which repeated exposure to political 

posters might impact individual attitudes: (1) increase attitude 

accessibility; (2) increase group liking through “mere exposure”. 

Page | 241

Paper Does Signaling Matter in American Politics?: A (Corn)field 

Experiment 

Julia C. Gray, University of California, Los Angeles 

Phil B. K. Potter, Harvard University 

Overview: We argue that signals of quality from candidates can 

drive voter responses. We run a preliminary test of this theory in a 

race for magistrate in Franklin County, Kentucky. We find that 

voters respond to "costly" signals from the challenger. 

Paper Street Fight: Field Experimental Evidence about the Impact of 

a Street Signs Campaign 

Costas Panagopoulos, Fordham University 

Overview: This paper presents the findings of a field experiment 

conducted in November 2005 in New York City to assess the 

impact of a nonpartisan street signs campaign on voter turnout. 

The results suggest street signs boost turnout. 

Paper Political Competition, Candidate Rationality and Selective 

Perception: A Field Experiment of Italian 2006 National 

Elections 

Paolo Spada, Yale University 

Overview: One of the main assumption of the theoretical literature 

on political competition is that candidates maximize their chances 

to be reelected. This study attempts to test this basic assumption 

through a field experiment. 

Disc. Brian J. Brox, Tulane University 

25-13 PUBLIC OPINION AND GEOGRAPHIC CONTEXT 


Chair Nicholas J. G. Winter, University of Virginia 

Paper Individual and Contextual Effects on Political Sophistication 

Jason R. Arnold, University of Minnesota 

Overview: This paper examines how individual-level and 

contextual factors shape political sophistication. A multi-level 

model is developed and tested on cross-national survey data. 

Paper Racial Context and Whites’ Attitudes Toward Immigration in 

Australia 

Antoine Bilodeau, Concordia University 

Ian McAllister, Australian National University 

Overview: This paper uses Australia as a case-study to examine 

how the racial composition of electoral constituencies impact on 

whites’ attitudes toward immigration. 

Paper The Spatial Differentiation of Welfare Racialization 

Adam M. Butz, University of Kentucky 

Overview: This paper examines the differential impact that 

negative racial stereotypes have in informing the welfare attitudes 

of white citizens residing within central-city, suburban, and rural 

spatial settings. 

Paper Exploring the Determinants in Support for Same-Sex 

Marriage 

Susan Gaines, Louisiana State University 


Overview: We use data from the 2004 American National Election 

Study and the 2004 Gay and Lesbian Atlas to develop and test a 

model of support for same sex marriage in the United States. 

Paper Local Context and Extreme Right Voting: Evidence from 

French and Norwegian Communes 

Jennifer Fitzgerald, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Overview: How do local factors shape reactions to immigration in 

established democracies? Using detailed census and electoral data 

from all French and Norwegian municipalities, I measure the 

influence of various contextual factors on recent electoral support. 

Disc. Nicholas J. G. Winter, University of Virginia 

25-21 TERRORISM, WAR, AND PUBLIC OPINION 


Chair Mark Lindeman, Bard College 

Paper Celebrity Intellectuals, the Media, and the Collapse of the 

Rational Centre 

Katherine J. Banks, University of Cambridge 

Overview: This paper outlines the process of triangular dynamic 

of institutional failure in the post-9/11 world, looking at the "big 

idea" merchants, the modern media environment, and the collapse 

of the rational centre. 

Page | 242 

Paper Fear Factor: Impact of Terrorism on Public Opinion in the 

U.S., UK and Israel 

William J. Josiger, Georgetown University 

Overview: Impact of terrorism in the U.S., UK and Israel on 

public opinions from 1979–2004. Does terrorism have a 

debilitating impact on a country’s morale or do attacks rally the 

public? Do the characteristics of an attack lead to differential 

impacts? 

Disc. Mark Lindeman, Bard College 

27-14 OPINION LEADERSHIP 


Chair Erika G. King, Grand Valley State University 

Paper Media Message Flows and Public Opinion: An Addition to 

John Zaller’s Model 

Claes H. DeVreese, University of Amsterdam 

Hajo G. Boomgaarden, University of Amsterdam 

Overview: The paper extends John Zaller's work on how media 

message flows can affect public opinion. The paper shows how 

media effects may occur, also under the condition of a mixed 

message flow. 

Paper Public Opinion, Young Voters, Celebrities, and Foreign Policy 

Craig F. Frizzell, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 

This project uses an experimental method to examine the effect of 

celebrity statements on foreign policy public opinion. Students 

exposed to a celebrity statement about an international crisis are 

expected to favor intervention in that crisis. 

Disc. Stephen M. Caliendo, North Central College 

28-13 THE GENDER GAP IN PARTICIPATION AND 

ATTITUDES 


Chair Leonie Huddy, Stony Brook University 

Paper Another Perspective on the Gender Gap: How Parenthood 

Differentially Affects Men and Women’s Political Attitudes 

Jill S. Greenlee, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: How does becoming a parent affect one’s political 

attitudes and orientations, and how does this differ for men and 

women? This paper offers insights into the implications of 

parenthood on the political attitudes of men and women. 

Paper The Associational Roots of the Political Participation Gender 

Gap 

Victoria Wilson, University of California, Irvine 

Overview: This paper re-considers the gender gap in political 

participation by looking at how men and women engage voluntary 

associations. Do men and women “join” in different ways, and 

how does this speak to the ways in which men and women do 

politics? 

Paper Public Presentations of Gender Roles in Periodicals, 1953- 

2003 

Heather L. Ondercin, Pennsylvania State University 

Overview: I explore the presentation of gender roles in three 

general audience periodicals from 1953 to 2003 and link changes 

in presentations of gender roles to changes in public opinion on 

gender roles and socio-demographic trends. 

Disc. Corrine M. McConnaughy, University of Texas, Austin 

Richard C. Eichenberg, Tufts University 

29-9 EVOLVING COLOR LINES: MULTIRACIALISM 

AND BEYOND 


Chair Michele A. Gilbert, Cleveland State University 

Paper Multi-Racial Pride and Prejudice? Hines Ward and the Social 

Construction of Race 

Nancy Kwang Johnson, Western Illinois University 

Siyoung Park, Western Illinois University 

Overview: Will Hines Ward (an African- and Korean-American) 

have an impact on the social construction of race and ethnicity in 

the United States?

Paper Somewhere in the Middle: The Racial Attitudes of Multiracial 

Individuals 

Tasha S. Philpot, University of Texas, Austin 

Lauren D. Davenport, Princeton University 

Overview: In this paper, we examine whether people who classify 

themselves as bi-racial have fundamentally different attitudes 

about race than those identifying with only one racial group. 

Paper Political Mobilizing Beyond Racial Identity Categories 

Randy Cota, Rutgers University 

Overview: This paper, in exploring the multi-scenic intelligibility 

of race, will examine how efforts to undo racialization—the 

“undoing” of race—might impact political mobilization based on 

racial identities/categories. 

Paper Understanding Race, Democracy and Post-Industrial 

Paradigms 

Mario Love, Meramec Community College 

Overview: Deciphering race and power in democratic paradigms. 

Paper The Evolving Color Line: Political and Cultural Implications 

Toni-Michelle C. Travis, George Mason University 

Eric Shiraev, George Mason University 

Overview: The Color Line needs to be examined now that the U.S. 

is a multicultural country with "people of color". Who is white and 

who can become white? What are the policy implications of 

moving from a subordinate immigrant status to one of privilege? 

Disc. Harwood McClerking, Ohio State University 

Natalie Masuoka, University of California, Irvine 

29-22 ATTITUDES TOWARD IMMIGRANTS AND 

IMMIGRATION POLICY 


Chair Matt A. Barreto, University of Washington, Seattle 

Paper Representing Immigrants: Navigating Through Anti- 

Immigrant Opinion 

Grace E. Cho, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 

Overview: This paper examines how members of Congress 

respond to both naturalized and noncitizen immigrants in their 

districts in light of anti-immigrant opinion in their districts, 

particularly in states where immigrants have not traditionally 

settled. 

Paper Translating Public Opinion? Why Small Towns Turn Anti- 

Immigrant 

Daniel J. Hopkins, Harvard University 

Overview: Drawing on data from surveys and newspapers, this 

paper argues that the incentives of local elites--and not the 

attitudes of the public--explain the proliferation of anti-immigrant 

policies in smaller localities. 

Paper Changes in Latino Attitudes Toward Immigration: Evidence 

from National Studies 

J. L. Polinard, University of Texas, Pan American 

James Wenzel, University of Texas, Pan American 

Ellen Baik, University of Texas, Pan American 

Overview: Latino perspectives on immigration and immigration 

policy have been well researched. We extend this literature by 

examining changing attitudes within the Latino populaion over the 

course of three national studies. 

Paper Latinos Unidos? An Analysis of Latino Attitudes toward 


David L. Leal, University of Texas, Austin 

Adrian D. Pantoja, Pitzer College 

Overview: This paper analyzes Latino, Anglo, and African- 

American attitudes toward immigration - with a focus on the 

attitudes of Latino national-origin group respondents (those of 

Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Salvadoran, Dominican, and 

Colombian heritage). 

Paper Can Public Opinion be Explained by One’s News Source? 

The Case of Latinos and Immigration Reform 

Marisa A. Abrajano, University of California, San Diego 

Simran Singh, New York University 

Overview: This paper examines whether one's news source can 

help to explain Latinos' atittudes towards immigration. 

Disc. Matt A. Barreto, University of Washington, Seattle 

32-12 AMERICAN POLITICAL THOUGHT 


Chair Robert W. T. Martin, Hamilton College 

Paper Tocqueville and Wilson on the Character Foundations of 


Brian Danoff, Miami University 

Overview: This paper explores the connections between 

Tocqueville’s writings and the thought of Woodrow Wilson. I 

argue that Wilson had a Tocquevillian concern with the 

relationship between institutions and the “character foundations of 

American democracy." 

Paper Equal Opportunity: A Theory of Justified Inequality during 

the New Deal and the Second World War 

Michael J. Illuzzi, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities 

Overview: Analyzing U.S. newspaper articles using the concepts 

of inequality and equal opportunity during the New Deal and 

World War II, I identify the assumptions that help sustain 

historical and institutional obstacles to meaningful political 

reform. 

Paper The Use of Abraham Lincoln’s Rhetoric of Equality in the 

Post-New Deal Era 

Jason R. Jividen, Northern Illinois University 

Overview: As part of a project on the appeal to Lincoln in 

American political rhetoric, this paper evaluates claims to 

Lincoln’s legacy in the post-New Deal Era, mainly focusing upon 

the Great Society and the Supreme Court’s use of the equal 

protection clause. 

Paper The Conscience of Liberalism: Thomas Paine's Critique 

Private Property 

William B. Parsons, James Madison University 

Overview: An examination of Thomas Paine's critique of John 

Locke's theory of private property. 

Disc. Angelica M. Bernal, Yale University 

33-11 HOW SHOULD WE DO POLITICAL THEORY? 


Chair William A. Gorton, Alma College 

Paper Political Theory and Ordinary Language: A Road Not Taken 

Colin P. Bird, University of Virginia 

Overview: This paper argues that the techniques of ordinary 

language analysis are a neglected resource in contemporary 

political theory and explains why and how they should be revived. 

Paper What is the Purpose of Political Theory? 

Burke A. Hendrix, Cornell University 

Overview: This paper argues that political theorists do the most 

good, and pose the fewest dangers, when they do not stray too far 

from concrete, real-world cases. 

Paper Power, History, Race, and Justice in America 

Christopher J. Lebron, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 

Overview: This paper offers an account of political justice as it 

regards race and a history of institutionally legitimized dominance 

in America. 

Paper Probably Democratic: Probability Theory, Chance, and 

Democratic Theory 

Mindy Peden, John Carroll University 

Overview: I explore uses for the role of chance in theorizing 

democracy and explores how the potentially fortune friendly use 

of probability theory in the social sciences has been 

misrepresented to highlight an imaginary predictability of political 

life. 

Disc. William A. Gorton, Alma College 

33-26 POLITICAL THEORY AND THEORIES OF 

POLITICAL SCIENCE 


Chair TBA 

Paper Political Realism: How Realist, How Realistic? 

Robert V. Bartlett, University of Vermont 

Walter F. Baber, California State University, Long Beach 

Overview: Political realism is neither very true to its philosophical 

origins nor very realistic from a practical perspective. Only by 

being better grounded in pragmatism can “realism” in political 

science escape its status as an oxymoron. 

Page | 243

Paper Reconciling Approaches to the Conceptualization of Political 

Legitimacy 

Matthew DeBell, Stanford University 

Overview: The law, political philosophy, and public opinion 

research have conceptualized political legitimacy differently. This 

paper offers a reconciliation and synthesis of these approaches. 

Paper How Motivation Impacts the Field of Political Science 

Louise A. Hendrickson, University of California, Riverside 

Overview: This paper seeks to address what motivation is, and 

how motivation guides people’s decisions in life, and specifically 

in the realm of Political Science. 

Paper After Anarchy, After Hegemony: Toward a Primal-Order 

Constructivism 

James G. Poulos, Georgetown University 

Overview: Constructivism declared anarchy, not just institutions, 

to be a social creation. But cultural order predates the political. 

Cultural-political theory gets anarchy right, pointing toward the 

creation of a successful post-hegemonic international order. 

Paper Governance: Prospects of Complexity Theory in Revisiting 

System Theory 

Volker Schneider, University of Constance 

Johannes M. Bauer, Michigan State University 

Overview: The paper discusses three versions of complexity 

theory and their implications for the conceptualization of societal 

evolution, self-organization and self-regulation. 

Disc. TBA 

34-10 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 


Chair James C. Roberts, Towson University 

Paper Knowing One's Future Preferences: A Correlated Agent 

Model with Bayesian Updating 

Curtis Signorino, University of Rochester 

Taehee Whang, University of Rochester 

Overview: In this paper, we develop a "correlated agent" model in 

which traditional Perfect Bayesian Eq updating models and QRElike 

independent agent models are special cases. 

Paper A Micro-Mechanism of War 

Yoji Sekiya, University of Rochester 

Overview: Previous studies show war cannot be an equilibrium 

outcome under complete information if war is modelled as a oneshot 

costly lottery. We show incentives of elites and distributions 

of power at the domestic level may lead to bargaining breakdown. 

Paper Private Information, Military Threat and Taiwan's 


Kai Zeng, Northwestern University 

Overview: Based on formal modeling, this paper explains why 

China always threatened the use of force during Taiwan’s 

presidential elections and why the pro-independence candidates in 

Taiwan won the elections every time. 

Disc. Justin Fox, Yale University 

35-12 ANALYZING ELECTION RESULTS 


Chair Regina M. Baker, University of Oregon 

Paper Estimating Incumbency Advantage Without the Simultaneity 

Bias 

Kentaro Fukumoto, Gakushuin University 

Overview: This paper models incumbents' decisions for reeletion 

bidding as Bayesian Nash equilibria. I directly derive the joint 

distribution of the five dependent variables. I will show Monte 

Carlo simulation and an empirical application. 

Paper Estimating Illegal Vote Counts in Close Elections by Sampling 

Adam N. Glynn, Harvard University 

Mark S. Handcock, University of Washington 

Jon Wakefield, University of Washington 

Thomas S. Richardson, University of Washington 

Overview: Borders et al. v. King County et al. opened the door in 

WA State to the estimation of illegal vote counts (by candidate) 

via sampling. We develop optimal sampling designs conditional 

on precinct level data and investigate issues of power and bias. 

Page | 244 

Paper Election Forensics: Statistics, Recounts and Fraud 

Walter R. Mebane, Cornell University 

Overview: Statistics for outlier detection and using the second 

digit Benford'sLaw are usfully combined with recounts to detect 

election fraud. I review relevant statistical results and look at data 

from American, Mexican and other elections. 

Disc. Jeff Gill, Harvard University 

37-11 THE MEANING OF PARTIES 


Chair Amy Melissa McKay, University of Iowa 

Paper The Role of Political Parties in Enhancing Different-Level 

Government Conflict Resolution 

Alejandra Betanzo, Universitat Pompeu Fabra 

Overview: The paper briefly discusses the main arguments that 

underpin the thesis that same-party affiliation between differentlevel 

governments leads to intergovernmental cooperation, and 

presents a set of reasons that put into question the classic 

arguments. 

Paper The Psychological Roots of Intraparty Power 

Steven A. Weldon, University of South Carolina 

Overview: Drawing on a unique set of member surveys from 13 

parties in two countries, this paper tests Michels’ claim about the 

psychological roots of oligarchy and examines, more generally, 

the attitudinal roots of intraparty power. 

Paper Meeting in the Middle: Does Centrism Enhance Electability in 

SMDP Systems? 

Rachel K. Cremona, Flagler College 

Michael D. McDonald, Binghamton University 

Overview: This paper explores the possibility that the ideological 

convergence of a party toward the median voter improves the 

probability of electoral victory. 

Paper Varities of One-Party Predominance 

Riccardo Pelizzo, Singapore Management University 

Markus Karner, Singapore Management University 

Overview: The paper proposes a new taxonomy of pre-dominant 

party systems and identifies three sub-types of one-party 

predominance: continuous predominance, alternating 

perdominance and interrupted predominance. 

Disc. Bernard Ivan Tamas, Illinois State University 

37-101 ROUNDTABLE: THE CONSEQUENCES AND 

CORRECTIVES OF PARTY POLARIZATION IN 

AMERICA 


Panelist Pietro S. Nivola, The Brookings Institution 

David W. Brady, Hoover Institution 

Laurel Harbridge, Stanford University 

Marc J. Hetherington, Vanderbilt University 

Barbara Sinclair, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: Most work on party polarization has focused on its 

causes instead of its impact on public trust, participation, the 

functioning of our political institutions and consequences for 

policy. Why does polarization matter? What should be done about 

it? 

38-11 SEPARATED INSTITUTIONS SHARING POWER? 

OVERSIGHT AND ITS ABSENCE 


Chair Stuart V. Jordan, University of Rochester 

Paper Congressional Investigations of the Executive 

Michael Cutrone, Princeton University 

Overview: This paper briefly lays out a model of Congressional 

oversight of the executive which maps directly into an empirical 

test that will be conducted using an original dataset of 

Congressional hearings and investigations. 

Paper A Unified Theory of Presidential Activity in the Policy- 

Making Process 

Jonghoon Eun, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: The paper aims to investigate presidents’ policy 

activity by suggesting a unified theory of presidential activity that

includes all possible important presidential actions: issuing the 

veto and executive orders, going public, and lobbying Congress. 

Paper Strategic Outrage: The Institutional Causes of Presidential 

Scandal 

Brendan Nyhan, Duke University 

Overview: In the first systematic analysis of the causes of U.S. 

presidential scandals, I estimate the effects of presidential 

approval, opposition chamber control, and party polarization on 

the number of alleged scandals and the number recognized by the 

press. 

Paper Between to Preside and Coordinate: Coalition Governments in 

Brazilian Presidency 

Magna M. Inácio, Federal University of Minas Gerais 

Overview: In this article the main argument is that the structure 

and dynamic of the Presidency in Brazil were affected by the work 

of the coalition governments. 

Disc. Anne Joseph, University of California, Berkeley 

Keith Smith, University of California, Davis 

39-10 SENATE RULES AND AGENDA CONTROL 


Chair Scot Schraufnagel, University of Central Florida 

Paper Majority Influence in the Senate: An Asymmetric-Costs 

Agenda Setting Theory 

Chris Den Hartog, California Polytechnic State University 

Nathan W. Monroe, Michigan State University 

Overview: We incorporate conventional beliefs about Senate 

procedures being supermajoritarian into a formal model of agenda 

setting that yields the unconventional conclusion that the Senate 

majority party can bias legislative outcomes in its own favor. 

Paper Extended Debate Over Time: Patterns and Trends in Senate 

Filibusters 


Lauren C. Bell, Randolph-Macon College 

Overview: Paper uses a newly revised and extended 

comprehensive list of Senate filibuster from 1826 to the present to 

examine patterns in the use, dynamics, and outcomes of filibuster 

over time. 

Paper Getting Closure: The Struggle for Filibuster Reform in the 

Senate, 1949-75 

Gregory Koger, University of Montana 

Overview: Why does filibustering persist in the Senate? This 

paper presents a model of institutional choice and applies the 

model to a crucial era of Senate history: the long struggle to 

change Rule XXII of the Senate so it was easier to invoke cloture. 

Paper An Examination of Committee Power in the U.S. Senate 

Alexandra L. Shankster, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: In this paper, I examine the ability of Senate committee 

chairpersons and ranking minority members to maintain agenda 

control over their jurisdictions. 

Paper The Evolution of Frustration: Inherited Institutions in the 

U.S. Senate 

Anthony Madonna, Washington University, St. Louis 

Overview: What best explains the stability of rules in the United 

States Senate? This study seeks to answer this question by 

reevaluating factors influencing the size of coalitions needed to 

pass legislation in the chamber. 

Disc. Scot Schraufnagel, University of Central Florida 

Jamie I. Carson, University of Georgia 

39-24 INSTITUTIONS AND LEGISLATIVE SPENDING 

FROM A COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE 


Chair TBA 

Paper Legislative Free-Riding and Spending on Pure Public Goods 

Jowei Chen, Stanford University 

Overview: We demonstrate, both theoretically and empirically, 

that an increase in legislature size leads to a decrease in the 

provision of pure public goods. Our formal model illustrates a 

free-riding problem among legislators in providing public goods. 

Paper Uncertainty, Time-Discounting, and Delegation in Brazil 

Sylvia Gaylord, Colorado School of Mines 

Overview: This paper explores delegation in polities where 

legislative turnover is high and the president can impound 

discretionary spending. The research suggests that uncertainty and 

short horizons increase delegation and encourage informal policymaking. 

Paper Free Riding in Multi-Member Legislatures 

Neil Malhotra, Stanford University 

Jowei Chen, Stanford University 

Overview: We develop a formal model of legislative bargaining, 

finding that increasing the number of seats per district causes a 

free-rider problem, decreasing per capita spending. We test these 

findings using data from both OECD countries and the U.S. states. 

Paper The Lobby for the Reduction of Social Disparity and the 

Executive Branch 

Osnat Akirav, Western Glilee College 

Overview: The research examines the activities of 29 MK in two 

areas of parliamentary activity: How they participate and what 

they have to say in the discussions on the state budget law; to what 

extent they tabled motions to the Knesset agenda. 

Disc. TBA 

40-8 PRIMARY CAMPAIGNS AND ELECTIONS 


Chair Casey B. K. Dominguez, University of San Diego 

Paper The Hunt for RINOs:Interest Groups’ Targeting and 

Disappearance of Moderates 

Keiko Ono, University of Oklahoma 

Overview: This paper examines a relatively unexplored aspect of 

the membership turnover in Congress: the role of national, 

ideological interest groups in targeting moderates. 

Paper The Adoption of Direct Primaries: An Analysis of Institutional 

Change 

Shaun Bowler, University of California, Riverside 

Eric Lawrence, George Washington University 

Todd Donovan, Western Washington University 

Overview: The adoption of direct primaries was an important 

institutional reform that challenged the ability of parties to control 

nominations. We explain how such a reform took place by 

emphasizing variations in the form of the direct primary. 

Paper More than an Uphill Battle: Primary Challenges to 

Congressional Incumbents 

Nicholas L. Pyeatt, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Overview: This paper views primary elections as sites of strategic 

action and seeks to discover the predicting factors that lead to 

challenges of congressional incumbents. 

Disc. Cherie D. Maestas, Florida State University 

41-12 CURBING THE COURT: COURTS AND 

LEGISLATURES (Co-sponsored with Legislative 

Politics: Institutions, see 39-28) 


Chair Lawrence Baum, Ohio State University 

Paper A Positive Theory of Judicial Independence 

Tom S. Clark, Princeton University 

Overview: The paper develops a formal model of legislativejudicial 

interaction. The model illuminates the role of institutional 

hostility in inter-institutional relations. 

Paper "Court-Stripping" Proposals in Congress: The Politics of 

Judicial Control 

Rachel Paine Caufield, Drake University 

Overview: This research examines the influence of ideological, 

institutional, and electoral factors to determine which members of 

Congress are likely to propose and support measures to limit the 

jurisdiction or discretion of the federal judiciary. 

Page | 245

Paper Attacking the Court: The Logic of a Long Tradition in 

American Politics 

Stephen M. Engel, Yale University 

Overview: A theory is offered and tested accounting for elected 

officials’ repeated rhetorical attacks on an alleged “activist” 

judiciary despite the seeming inability to achieve successful 

disciplinary action against the judiciary over time. 

Paper Congress, the Court, and Judicial Review of Administrative 

Agencies 

Seth W. Greenfest, University of Washington 

Overview: An examination of successful congressional efforts to 

expand or limit judicial review, in the context of oversight of 

administrative agencies, which questions traditional notions of 

Congress as unable or unwilling to limit judicial review. 

Paper Letting Them Run Amok: Legislation to Increase Judicial 

Independence 

Valerie J. Hoekstra, Arizona State University 

Overview: In this paper, I explore state legislative roll call votes 

and legislative histories to examine the conditions under which 

legislators have been willing to cede legislative control of the 

judiciary. 

Disc. Laura Langer, University of Arizona 

Lawrence Baum, Ohio State University 

41-21 MEASURING AND ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF 

JUDICIAL PREFERENCES 


Chair Michael Bailey, Georgetown University 

Paper Models of Judicial Coalition Formation and Case Outcome 

Determination 

Tonja Jacobi, Northwestern University 

Overview: Three formal models of judicial coalition formation 

and outcome determination are explored. These yield 

comprehensive predictions, and can be operationalized as 

alternative measures of judicial ideology for empirical application. 

Paper Estimating Supreme Court Justice Ideology from Citation 

Data 

Alexander M. Tahk, Stanford University 

Robert Anderson, Stanford University 

Overview: We introduce a method for estimating the ideology of 

Supreme Court cases, precedents, and justices using citations in 

judicial opinions. This allows the prediction of future cases and 

hypothesis tests involving the ideology of precedent and cases. 

Paper Information and Dissent in the U.S. Courts of Appeals 

Susan Navarro Smelcer, Emory University 

Overview: Studies of judicial behavior often assume that judges’ 

knowledge of circuit preferences is static. This paper proposes a 

dynamic theory of learning to account for mixed findings of 

strategic behavior in the U.S. Courts of Appeals. 

Paper From Circuit Court Judge to Supreme Court Justice 

Aaron Ley, Washington State University 

Overview: In this paper, we examine the extent to which justices’ 

votes on the Supreme Court reflect, and can thus be predicted by, 

their earlier behavior on the Circuit Court. 

Disc. Justin Wedeking, University of Minnesota 

Michael Bailey, Georgetown University 

42-102 ROUNDTABLE: WHO MAINTAINS THE RULE OF 

LAW? ELIMINATING FEDERAL HABEAS 

JURISDICTION (Co-sponsored with Judicial Politics, 

see 41-104) 


Chair Barbara J. Hayler, University of Illinois 

Panelist Stephen I. Vladeck, University of Miami 

Justin J. Wert, University of Oklahoma 

Jon B. Gould, George Mason University 

Howard Schweber, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: Panel discussion of recent statutes that strip federal 

courts of their habeas corpus jurisdiction over enemy combatants 

and other detainees, and their consequences in both domestic and 

international arenas. Audience participation is welcomed. 

Page | 246 

44-12 THE POLITICS OF POLICY DIFFUSION II (Cosponsored 



Chair Kathleen Hale, Auburn University 

Paper Failures: Diffusion, Learning, and Policy Abandonment 

Craig Volden, Ohio State University 

Overview: This paper examines welfare policies to understand 

when and why policies are abandoned by states. 

Paper How Competition and Relative Problem Severity Influence 

Policy Adoption 

Gavin M. Dillingham, Rice University 

Overview: I examine how the difference in policy problem 

severity among competing governments influences policy 

adoption. Evidence suggests that relative problem severity 

increases the likelihood of policy adoption. I test this argument 

with land-use policy. 

Paper My Neighbor’s Terms: Term Limit Policy Diffusion across 

States 

Daniel B. Krug, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Overview: This study examines multiple dimensions of term limit 

policy diffusion across American states. The goals are to provide 

spatial analyses of the spread over time; the extent of adoption in 

state government; and the similarity between the policies. 

Paper Diffusion in the States: Constitutional Provisions for State 

Education 

James W. Stoutenborough, University of Kansas 

Andrea R. Vieux, University of Kansas 

Overview: Are state education provisions spread and adopted 

through a diffusion of innovation process? We extend this 

literature by examining state constitutional provisions on 

education. 

Disc. Kathleen Hale, Auburn University 

Jonathan P. Euchner, Missouri Western State University 

46-10 HEALTH POLICY INNOVATION AND ADOPTION 


Chair Ed J. Miller, University of Wisconsin, Stevens Point 

Paper Medicaid Tele-Reimbursement Policy: Explaining State 

Innovation 

Mary Schmeida, Cleveland Clinic 

Ramona McNeal, University of Illinois, Springfield 

Overview: Drawing on diffusion theory this study explores state 

adoption of Medicaid tele-practitioner reimbursement laws. 

Multivariate regression analysis and 50-state data are used to 

explore why needy states fail to innovate. 

Paper Five States are Leaders Regarding HPV: Will Others Follow? 

Pamela J. Walsh, Eastern Michigan University 

Overview: This case study looks at factors that contributed to 

states enacting legislation mandating coverage to screen for the 

human papillomavirus and one introducing legislation requiring 

all middle school age girls to be vaccinated against HPV. 

Paper Public-Private Divide in Pensions/Health Insurance: A 

Canadian Perspective 

Gerard W. Boychuk, University of Waterloo 

Keith G. Banting, Queen's University 

Overview: The paper examines whether explanations of the 

public-private divide in pensions and health insurance in the U.S. 

(the effect of private benefits and agenda setting) adequately 

account for the public-private divide in these two policy fields in 

Canada. 

Paper Devolution and SCHIP: A Comparison of Program 

Expenditures and Benefits 

Stephen B. Borders, Grand Valley State University 

Overview: Many states received criticism as SCHIP spending fell 

short of federal funding. States with high rates of uninsured 

children spent a fraction of available funds and play a large role in 

health policy innovation in the absence of federal leadership. 

Disc. Sorina O. Vlaicu, George Mason University 

Michael S. Givel, University of Oklahoma

47-5 BARRIERS TO EMPOWERMENT AMONG THE 

WORKING POOR 


Chair Sherrow O. Pinder, California State University, Chico 

Paper Workfare Policies and the Relative Deprivation of 

Marginalized Groups 

Holona L. Ochs, University of Kansas 

Overview: Panel data from 1990-2002 reveal that workfare 

policies across states substantially increased relative deprivation 

without providing opportunities for self-determination. I find that 

the relative deprivation of minorities is particularly pronounced. 

Paper A Portrait of Hunger, the Social Safety Net, and the Working 

Poor 

Maureen M. Berner, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Sharon R. Paynter, North Carolina State University 

Trina Ozer, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Overview: Each year, millions of Americans turn to hunger relief 

services. Many of these people work, yet their incomes are 

insufficient to meet their basic needs. This paper creates a portrait 

of the working population that uses non-profit food assistance. 

Paper TANF Work Exemptions Based on Child Disability in Illinois 

Lisa M. Altenbernd, Northwestern University 

Overview: Research suggests that having a child with a disability 

or chronic medical condition may function as a barrier to work for 

single mothers on welfare. Although 28 states report offering an 

exemption from TANF work requirements to individuals caring 

for a family. 

Paper The Impact of Welfare Reform on Recipients’ Political 

Participation 

Adrienne R. Smith, Emory University 

Overview: By employing an econometric analysis of national 

survey data, this study demonstrates that receiving welfare in the 

post-reform era has depressed the frequency of welfare recipients’ 

political participation. 

Disc. Priscilla Lambert, Western Michigan University 

Nicole D. Kazee, Yale University 

48-3 POLITICS AND ECONOMIC MARKETS 


Chair Dino Falaschetti, Montana State University 

Paper Deeds, Words, and the Behaviour of Emerging Market Debt 

Securities: Evidence from a New Dataset 

Markus Stierli, University of Zurich 

Overview: Do political conflict and political rhetoric influence the 

behaviour of emerging market bond markets? Evidence from 

dynamic panel data analysis suggest that bond markets respond to 

political conflict. 

Paper The 2001 New York City Mayoral Race and New York City's 

Bonds 

John E. Transue, Duke University 

Ian McDonald, Duke University 

Overview: Analyzes the relationship between the Iowa Electronic 

Market's prices over time for the 2001 New York City Mayoral 

Race and "real world" prices of New York City's bonds. 

Paper Eligibility Criteria and the Equilibrium Rate of 

Unemployment 

Elke J. Jahn, Harvard University 

Thomas Wagner, University of Applied Sciences Nuremberg 

Overview: To be eligible for unemployment benefits (UB) 

workers must complete a qualifying period within a statutory base 

period. A country with high UB can neutralize the effect on the 

unemployment rate with a long qualifying period or a short base 

period. 

Disc. Michael Herron, Dartmouth University 

Dino Falaschetti, Montana State University 

51-11 SOCIAL MOVEMENTS AND POLITICAL CHANGE 


Chair Kevin G. McQueeney, Rutgers University 

Paper The Great Walkout: An Examination of the 1860 Democratic 

Conventions 

Dustin J. Guerra, Community Christian College 

Overview: The Civil War began at the 1860 Charleston 

Democratic Convention when the Southerners walked out because 

of slavery. If the Democrats could not compromise there and 

then, the nation would never have been able to compromise. 

Paper The Shamrock or the Eagle: The Irish During the U.S. Civil 

War 

Michelle Hartman, Fairleigh Dickinson University 

Overview: The Irish, as soldiers, wanted to help forge their 

identity, in New York, by joining the Union Army. Their 

motivations were rooted predominately in concepts of “honor” and 

“loyalty.” The question is: did they “really” want to become 

assimilated completely. 

Paper Social Movements and Political Success 

Joseph E. Luders, Yeshiva University 

Overview: How do social movements win concessions from 

political actors? I devise a theory to explain the outcome of 

political movements and use this approach to explain civil rights 

successes in school desegregation and voter registration. 

Paper Thomas Roderick Dew: Founder of the Positive Good Thesis 

Erik S. Root, Claremont Graduate School 

Overview: Thomas Roderick Dew, professor and President of 

William and Mary College, wrote a Review of the 1831-32 

Virginia Slave Debates. It is one of the earliest and most 

affirmative statements of the "positive Good" thesis to appear 

before the Civil War. 

Paper The Legacy of Jim Crow: Electoral Reform and Southern 

Turnout, 1920-2000 

Melanie J. Springer, Washington University, St. Louis 

Overview: Utilizing a historical institutionalist framework, this 

paper examines the electoral institutions that have governed voting 

in the Southern states throughout the twentieth century and the 

lasting impact they have had on turnout rates in the region. 

Disc. Alan Draper, St. Lawrence University 

Kevin G. McQueeney, Rutgers University 

53-9 ISLAM AND AMERICAN POLITICS 


Chair Joseph Cobetto, University of Missouri 

Paper In Securities: The Impact of U.S. Security Policy on Muslim 

American Youth 

Fait A. Muedini, SUNY, Buffalo 

Overview: This paper shows the impact of U.S. domestic and 

foreign policies on the attitudes of Muslim American Youth. I 

found that Muslim Youth in America are becoming more isolated 

and alienated from U.S. society. 

Paper Muslims and Political Behavior 

Farida Jalalzai, University of Missouri, St. Louis 

Overview: The aim of this project is to investigate a variety of 

Muslim communities and congregations in St. Louis. This project 

consists of three components: The first assesses members’ general 

interest in political party affiliation, trust in government, and civic 

duties. 

Paper Rush to Judgment? Determinants of Public Prejudgments 

About Muslims Accused of Terrorist Crimes 

Kenneth D. Wald, University of Florida 

Michael J. Scicchitano, University of Florida 

Adam L. Silverman, Long Island University, C. W. Post Campus 

R. Fletcher Peacock, Federal Public Defenders Office, Middle 

Distict of Florida 

Andrea T. Stubbs, Federal Public Defenders Office, Middle 

District of Florida 

Overview: Do extralegal factors influence legal deliberations 

involving culturally distinctive defendants? Using a five city 

survey, we test the determinants of prejudgments about Arab- 

Muslim defendants in a real terrorism case. 

Page | 247

Paper Globalization, Tolerance and the Chances for Democracy: The 

Meeting Between American Society and Islamic Theological 

Thought in the United States 

Nir Yehudai, Independent Researcher 

Overview: This paper is an attempt to investigate the interaction 

between American society and Islamic theological thought in the 

United States, including its important institutions and 

representatives. 

Disc. Ted G. Jelen, University of Nevada, Las Vegas 


RESEARCH III 


Presenter Allentown vs. Kolkata: Inverse Futures? 

(Board 1) 

Mary Kate Schneider, University of Pennsylvania, Kutztown 

Overview: This paper discusses a mid-size city in decline 

(Allentown, PA) in comparison to a metropolis on the precipice of 

an economic boom (Kolkata, India). Particular attention is paid to 

the seemingly inverse correlation between the two cities. 

Presenter The Rebellious Chechen and the Temperate Tatar: Moscow's 

Diplomatic Reactions to the Leaders of Chechnya and 

Tatarstan, 1990-1994 

(Board 2) 

Anthony M. Berglund, Macalester College 

Overview: Since 1990, Russia has had difficulty managing its 

constituent units in a consistent manner. As the Russian 

Federation was forming, several of its ethnically defined 

republics- mimicking the demands of the republics of the USSR- 

pressed Moscow for greater rights, autonomy, and sovereignty. 

Presenter The Potentially Governable City: Fragmentation in Transit 

Politics 

(Board 3) 

Max R. Siegel, Macalester College 

Overview: In this paper I apply the theory of fragmentation to the 

politics of building rail in Minnesota, by arguing success is 

dependent upon changing the political structure from fragmented 

to centralized, as well as earning the support of the governor. 

Presenter Social Trust and Civic Engagement in the United States and 

New Zealand 

(Board 4) 

Kevin F. Adler, Occidental College 

Overview: Through firsthand investigation, this project sought to 

measure and compare the concepts of social trust, political trust, 

civic engagement, and political participation in the small towns of 

Ferndale, California, and Coromandel, New Zealand. 

Presenter Obstacles to Women’s Empowerment in the Arab World 

(Board 5) 

Shannon Mills, Macalester College 

Overview: Authoritarianism and conservative social norms are the 

two primary obstacles to gender reform in the Arab world, as 

demonstrated in case studies of Saudi Arabia, Jordan and 

Morocco. 

Presenter Using Watergate Babies and the 94 Revolution to Predict the 

2006 Elections 

(Board 6) 

Bradley W. Janssen, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: What can the Congressional careers of the Watergate 

Babies and the Republican Revolution Freshmen tell us about the 

2006 Freshmen Democrat's future? This paper attempts to develop 

a model to predict the electoral future of the 06 Democratic 

Freshmen. 

Presenter Re-envisioning Immigrant Self-Sufficiency: Public-Private 

Collaborations in Somali Resettlement 

(Board 7) 

Ihotu J. Ali, Macalester College 

Overview: A study on changing social service providers for 

Somali refugees in Minneapolis, MN. Following cuts in refugee 

eligibility for government resettlement programs, this paper 

documents the resulting rise of private support networks by 

Somali leadership. 

Page | 248 

Presenter Citizenship and Property Rights: A Comparative Study of 

China and Uganda 

(Board 8) 

Jennifer A. Slagter, Wheaton College 

Overview: This paper discusses law and its implementation as it 

relates to property rights and citizenship. It employs a comparative 

study of decentralized democratic Uganda and centralized 

communist China. 

Presenter Incumbency Advantage of Southern Members of the U.S. 

House 

(Board 9) 

Arjun S. Wilkins, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: I studied incumbency advantage in the U.S. House and 

found that incumbents from the South have a 25% higher 

incumbency advantage than their non-southern counterparts from 

1964-98, after the South was opened to two-party competition. 

Presenter Citizen Participation in Urban Governance: St. Paul's District 

Councils 

(Board 10) 

Caleb E. Jonas, Macalester College 

Overview: This work undertakes a case study of the history, 

development, and effectiveness of formalized citizen participation 

in the municipal government of St. Paul, Minnesota. 

Presenter Political Ideology and Job Satisfaction 

(Board 11) 

Edgar I. Garcia, University of Texas, Brownsville 

Rafael Wilder, University of Texas, Brownsville 

Overview: Our research focuses on the relationship between 

political ideology and job satisfaction. Using regression tests our 

research showed no strong relationship present. 

Presenter Immigrant or Latino? Collective Identity in the Immigrant 

Rights Movement 

(Board 12) 

Trudy S. Rebert, Macalester College 

Overview: During the Spring of 2006, protests across the country 

drew millions in favor of immigrant rights. Immigrant rights are 

portrayed as a Latino issue nationally, but how did it become 

“Latino”? How was collective identity forged in this movement? 

Presenter Old Habits, New Reasons: The Resurgence of Community 

Spirit in America 

(Board 13) 

Patrick W. Higgons, Flagler College 

Overview: This paper examines the resurgence of community 

spirit and involvement among young middle class Americans and 

explores possible explanations for the revitalization of civic 

America. 

Presenter Iran: Going Nuclear? 

(Board 14) 

Jamie L. Stephens, Furman University 

Overview: This study applies Lillian Randolph's “A Suggested 

Model of International Negotiation” in an effort to evaluate the 

progress and predict the outcome of the current nuclear 

development negotiations between Iran and the EU3. 

Presenter Political Identity and Democratic Transitions: Germany, 

Japan, Iraq 

(Board 15) 

Andrew C. Thompson, Belmont University 

Overview: The comparative primacy of political identity in 

Germany, Japan, and Iraq has had a definite effect the transition to 

democratic government. 

Presenter The Influence of Black Feminist Academics on Black Female 

Activists 

(Board 16) 

Alexandra J. Moffett-Bateau, University of Michigan 

Overview: This thesis seeks to determine to what degree black 

feminist academics and grassroots black female organizations 

have an influence on each others theories, ideas and terminology.

Presenter William Lowndes Yancey and the Disruption of the American 

Public Sphere 

(Board 17) 

Joshua A. Lynn, Marshall University 

Overview: William Lowndes Yancey's rhetoric in 1860 

demonstrates the disruptive capacity of subpublics within the 

public sphere. Yancey elevated the concerns of the Southern 

subpublic over those of the American public sphere, with 

disastrous consequences. 

Presenter Knowing and Supporting MERCOSUR: Are Uruguayans 

Aware of the Regional Bloc? 

(Board 18) 

Carmen Estrades, Universidad de la República 

Overview: This study analyses whether Uruguayans know about 

MERCOSUR and what the determinants of not having read or 

heard about it are. It also evaluates the probability of supporting 

the integration process and of voting for it in a hypothetical 

referendum. 

59-5 NEW WAVES OF ACTIVISM 


Chair Barry Tadlock, Ohio University 

Paper Speaking Free and Fully: The Political Significance of Black 

Girls’ Way With Words 

Ruth Nicole N. Brown, University of Illinois, Urbana- 

Chamapaign 

Overview: Based on my ethnography of black girls’ political 

socialization, I demonstrate how girls’ talk of sexuality and 

homosexuality were constructed as problems by way of 

organizational rhetoric and black girls’ lived experiences. 

Paper The Political Sound Machine 

Rokas Oginskis, Wayne State University 

Overview: This project develops a theory of sub-politics of 

house/dance music from the the life-style forms of "resistance" 

and "adaptation" created by it. 

Disc. Daniel Chomsky, Temple University 

Page | 249


HERBERT A. SIMON AWARD FOR CAREER 

ACHIEVEMENT IN THE SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF 

BUREAUCRACY: RUMINATIONS ON THE STUDY 

OF AMERICAN PUBLIC BUREAUCRACIES 


Speaker Herbert Kaufman, Visiting Fellow Yale University, Emeritus 

Overview: In his address, Profressor Kaufman will primarily focus 

attention on the power relationships between elected officials and 

civil servants. 

1-111 ROUNDTABLE: A ROSE BY ANY OTHER NAME: 

TORTURE AS A TACTIC IN THE WAR ON 

TERROR (Co-sponsored with Judicial Politics and 

Public Law, see 41-103 and 42-103 ) 


Chair Barbara J. Hayler, University of Illinois 

Panelist Jinee Lokaneeta, Drew University 

Alice Ristroph, University of Utah 

Shawn M. Boyne, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Richard A. Paschal, Georgetown University 

Christi Siver, University of Washington, Seattle 

Overview: This panel addresses the legal, political, moral, and 

practical consequences of accepting and using torture, with 

attention to provisions of the UN Convention Against Torture as 

well as existing and newly-adopted U.S. statute law. 

2-14 ELECTORAL AND PARTY SYSTEMS IN 

COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE 


Chair Lawrence Mayer, Texas Tech University 

Paper Estimating the Electoral Value of Party Label Across 

Developed Democracies 

Kenichi Ariga, University of Michigan 

Overview: This paper explores empirically the importance of 

collective party label for individual candidates in elections and the 

variation of its significance across time, parties, and electoral rules 

using the actual voting data from developed democracies. 

Paper Intra-party Competition and Party Splits 

Hande Mutlu, New York University 

Overview: I model the intra-party competition between faction 

leaders, and examine under which conditions faction leaders 

decide to break-up from the party. I illustrate the propositions 

derived from the model looking at party cases in parliamentary 

regimes. 

Paper Political Dimensionality and Voter Preferences in Australia 

Shane P. Singh, Michigan State University 

Overview: This paper examines how voters and parties align 

themselves in Australian political space. Based on the results of 

an unfolding model, inferences are then made as to how voters 

will rank the parties on their ballots. 

Paper The Cost of Governing for Former Pariah Parties in 

Established Democracies 

Joost van Spanje, European University Institute, Florence 

Overview: Mainstream parties often aim to give (alleged) 

extremist parties a ‘kiss of death’ by including them in 

government. Does government participation have a negative 

impact on support for extremist parties compared to other parties? 

Disc. Lawrence Mayer, Texas Tech University 

3-13 LABOR POLITICS 


Chair Roy Germano, University of Texas, Austin 

Paper Labor Market Deregulation and Protest in New Democracies 

Jose Aleman, Fordham University 

Overview: This study examines the relationship between labor 

militancy and labor market institutions in 20 new democracies 

(1994-2003). In particular, the paper studies the effect of recent 

labor market reforms on labor collective behavior in new 

democracies. 

Page | 250 

Paper Interaction of Formal and Informal Institutions in 

International Migration 

Saltanat Liebert, American University 

Overview: This paper examines how formal and informal 

institutions interact in the process of labor migration from 

Kyrgyzstan to the United States and what the nature of their 

interaction is. 

Paper Dealing with a Trojan Horse: How Brazilian Labor 

Legislation Prevents Unions from Adjusting to Market 

Reforms 

Monica Arruda de Almeida, University of California, Los 

Angeles 

Overview: This paper examines the many ways in which Brazil's 

pro-labor legislation has constrained the unions' capacity to 

respond to market reforms. 

Paper Back to the Bargaining Table: The New Politics of Labor 

Relations in Argentina and Peru 

Matthew E. Carnes, Stanford University 

Overview: How does labor affect politics after neo-liberal 

reforms? This paper employs a new dataset of collective 

bargaining outcomes before and after the reforms of the 1990s in 

Argentina and Peru to explain the surprising re-activation of 

unions since 2000. 

Paper Politics of the Educated Unemployed: Labor Export in the 

Philippines 

Neil G. Ruiz, The Brookings Institution 

Overview: Why did the Philippines chose to export its human 

capital rather than make use of them for economic development? 

This paper explores how labor export is interconnected with the 

lack of state control on private market for higher education. 

Disc. Roy Germano, University of Texas, Austin 

3-20 REDISTRIBUTION AND INEQUALITY 


Chair Eduardo L. Leoni, Harvard University 

Paper Income Inequality and Popular Commitment to Democracy 

Eric Chang, Michigan State University 

Overview: This paper asks whether citizen perceptions concerning 

levels of income inequality influence their commitment to 

democracy by utilizing survey data from the Afrobarometer and 

the East Asian Barometer. 

Paper Domestic Sources of Income Inequalities 

Won Paik, Central Michigan University 

Piotr Paradowski, Central Michigan University 

David Jesuit, Central Michigan Univesity 

Overview: The purpose of this study is to analyze global income 

inequalities by examining neo-classical, dependency, and statist 

analyses. The present study utilizes cross-sectional analyses for 

developing and less developed countries for the time frame of 

1990s. 

Paper Does Education Cause Inequality? 

Glenn D. Wright, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Overview: Can the economic inequality found in Latin American 

states can be explained by examining the way those systems sort 

students? The paper uses case studies and statistical techniques to 

evaluate the hypothesis. 

Paper Globalization, Democracy, and Income Inequality in Middle- 

Income Countries 

Dae Jin Yi, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Overview: This paper investigates the relationships between 

globalization, democracy, and income distribution through a timeseries 

cross-sectional panel data set for 49 middle-income 

countries from 1970 to 2002. 

Disc. Eduardo L. Leoni, Harvard University

4-14 TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE 


Chair Catherine Warrick, Villanova University 

Paper In Defense of Amnesty? 

Andrew G. Reiter, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Leigh A. Payne, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Tricia D. Olsen, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: We challenge the assumption that there is a momentum 

toward accountability for past authoritarian state violence with 

data demonstrating the persistence of amnesties. We also explore 

where and why amnesties do or do not achieve their goals. 

Paper Domesticating Majorities:The Politics of Judicial Review in 

New Democracies 

Rodelio Cruz Manacsa, Vanderbilt University 

Overview: When do judges subject new rulers to rules? This 

paper provides a comprehensive theory and empirical testing of 

how and when judges are able to overrule actions of government 

in the uncertain context of democratic transition. 

Paper At What Cost? A Political Economy Approach to Transitional 

Justice 

Tricia Olsen, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Leigh Payne, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Andrew Reiter, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: This paper seeks to quantitatively test the hypothesis, 

found in the transitional justice literature, that economic factors 

influence the adoption or dismissal of transitional justice 

mechanisms. 

Paper The Role of Public Opinion on the Implementation of 

Transitional Justice 

Byung-Jae Lee, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: This paper attempts to explain the conditions for 

successful implentation of transitional justice using signaling 

game model among the legislature, the judiciary and the public (in 

combination with quantal response equilibrium). 

Paper Physical Integrity Rights and The Impact on Democratic 

Transitions,1987-1995 

Karen M. Sullivan, University of North Texas 

Overview: By examining physical integrity rights scores of 

autocratic regimes that attempted democratic transition between 

1987 and 1995, this paper concludes that better scores pretransition 

can increase the chance of successful transition to 

democracy. 

Disc. Catherine Warrick, Villanova University 

6-7 POLITICAL VIOLENCE AND ITS ABSENCE 


Chair Runa Das, University of Minnesota, Duluth 

Paper The Political Transformation of Violent Opposition Groups 

Bonnie A. E. Weir, University of Chicago 

Overview: When do violent extremists become politicians? This 

article explains why violent opposition groups decide to pursue 

their goals through electoral politics. A “violent opposition group” 

is one that uses violence for political goals that it has in 

opposition. 

Paper Muslim Support for Suicide Terrorism 

Karl Kaltenthaler, University of Akron 

Ronald Gelleny, University of Akron 

Overview: This study seeks to understand the sources of 

individual support for or opposition to suicide terrorism in Islamic 

countries. 

Paper Women Conflict Negotiators in Guatemala and Mexico: 

Explaining Difference 

Sarah Taylor, New School for Social Research 

Overview: Focusing on fieldwork conducted in Mexico and 

Guatemala, this paper looks at differences in the modes of 

participation of women as high-level negotiators in peace 

processes in these countries in the 1990s. 

Disc. Runa Das, University of Minnesota, Duluth 

7-15 PUBLIC OPINION IN THE NEW EUROPE 


Chair Joshua Tucker, New York University 

Paper Reconsidering the Use of Economic Perceptions to Study EU 

Support 

Burcu Gezgor, University of Houston 

Overview: This paper recognizes the fact that citizens differ by 

their level of information about EU and its policies. Hence, we 

present a theory where the magnitude of economic evaluations on 

EU support varies with level of information. 

Paper Correlates and Determinants of Political Satisfaction in 

Europe 

Quinton R. Mayne, Princeton University 

Overview: Using survey data, coupled with information on the 

design of government institutions and socio-economic indicators, 

the paper tests a set of hypotheses relating to the sources of 

citizens’ satisfaction with the way democracy functions. 

Paper Attitudes towards EU Integration: Issues of Cross-Cultural 

Measurement 

Basak Yavcan, University of Pittsburgh 

Eser M. Sekercioglu, SUNY, Stony Brook 

Overview: The purpose of this paper is to reveal problems 

associated with the measurement of attitudes towards EU 

integration in a cross-cultural context. By utilizing differential 

item functioning a more nuanced measurement tool is generated 

and tested. 

Paper Public Support for the European Political Union in Central 

and Eastern Europe 

Csilla Kajtar, Indiana University 

Overview: This paper examines citizens’ attitudes towards the 

political integration of the European Union in ten Central and East 

European countries (CEECs) and proposes a causal model for 

public support of the EU constitution. 

Disc. Felicia Owusu Fofie, Cardiff University 

8-15 PARTY SYSTEMS IN LATIN AMERICA 


Chair Miguel Centellas, Dickinson College 

Paper Coat Tail Effects and Sub-national Multiparty System in 

Uruguay 

Simone R. Bohn, York University 

Overview: The end of concurrent elections (and other changes) 

have modified significantly the rules of the game in Uruguay. Not 

only have they posed difficulties to the left, but also have hindered 

the consolidation of a sub-national multiparty system. 

Paper From Parliamentarized Presidentialism to Pure 

Presidentialism 

Miguel Centellas, Dickinson College 

Overview: Alongside Bolivia's recent transition from political 

stability to instability has been a transition away from the 1985- 

2002 system of parliamentarized presidentialism. This paper 

considers the long-term political implications of such a transition. 

Paper Representation and Party System Transformation in 

Venezuela 

Jana Morgan, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 

Overview: This paper analyzes the phenomenon of party system 

transformation by exploring the radical changes in the Venezuelan 

party system between consolidation of the country’s 2.5-party 

system in 1973 through that system's collapse and the aftermath. 

Paper The Federal Connection: Right-Wing Party Politics in 

Argentina and Mexico 

Juan C. Olmeda, Northwestern University 

Julieta Suarez-Cao, Northwestern University 

Overview: We analyze the possible causes for the different 

performance of right-wing or conservative political parties in 

Argentina and Mexico. 

Page | 251

Paper Party Organization and Political Survival in South America 

Jason Seawright, Northwestern University 

Overview: What features differentiate South American parties that 

survived the 1990s from the many that have not? A new survey 

shows that causes of collapse may include excessive 

bureaucratization, noncentrist elite recruitment, and insufficient 

clientelism. 

Disc. Erika Moreno, Creighton University 

10-5 ACCOUNTABILITY IN AFRICAN DEMOCRACIES 


Chair Sean H. Jacobs, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 

Paper The African State and HIV/AIDS: Explaining Variations in 

State Responses to HIV/AIDS 

Padmini D. Coopamah, University of Arizona 

Overview: What characteristics of the African state explain 

whether it will react aggressively to the HIV/AIDS epidemic? 

Paper The Politics of Presidential Tenure Elongation in Africa 

Jack Mangala, Grand Valley State University 

Overview: Over the past years, many African leaders have sought 

to amend the constitution in order to extend their term in office. 

Some have succeeded, while others have failed. 

Paper Nominations and Political Party Development in Sub-Saharan 

Africa 

John Ishiyama, Truman State University 

Overview: To what extent do parties in Africa behave in ways 

similar to parties in other new democracies? This article seeks to 

examine the decision as to where to nominate candidates. I 

examine nominations to the single member districts in Ethiopia, 

Malawi, Kenya. 

Paper Determinants of Electoral Support for Incumbent Politicians 

in Tanzania 

Kate Baldwin, Columbia University 

Overview: Most research on African elections suggests 

legislators’ re-election chances depend primarily on the strength of 

their informal networks. I use Tanzanian data to show politicians’ 

efforts to change national policy also impact their electoral 

support. 

Paper The Rebirth of Patronage? Land Redistribution in the Post- 

Big Man Era in Africa 

Susan K. Glover, American University 

Overview: This paper looks at cases across Africa where land is 

used as a political tool. The evidence suggests that in the absence 

of external resource flows, land has become a primary means of 

attracting and rewarding supporters within democratic systems. 

Disc. Nahomi Ichino, Harvard University 

13-10 PRESCRIPTIONS FOR OUTSIDERS LOOKING IN 


Chair Dagmar Radin, Mississippi State University 

Paper Democratization in Central Asia: The Failure of American 

Institutionalism 

Alan R. Cordova, Fisher School of Business, Monterey Institute 

of International Studies 

Overview: The strategy employed by democracy promotion 

programs dooms efforts at facilitating representative governance. 

Building institutions rather than teaching the elements of 

citizenship rendered the the government vulnerable to corruption. 

Paper The Prospect of State Failure in Central Asia: US Policies in 

Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan 

Marina Mateski, Old Dominion University 

Vlad Galushko, Old Dominion University 

Overview: The paper intends to assess the potential for state 

failure in Central Asia's Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan and suggest 

possible U.S. policies in that regard. 

Paper Peace-Making in Bosnia 

Khalil Dokhanchi, University of Wisconsin, Superior 

Overview: The Dayton Accord failed to resolve some fundamental 

issues, i.e., representation based on ethnicity, that rather than 

uniting Bosnia has caused greater division. It's time to reform the 

Constitution of Bosnia and enable the country to move forward. 

Disc. Lynn D. Nelson, Virginia Commonwealth University 

Page | 252 

14-11 POLITICAL ECONOMY OF TRADE REGIMES 


Chair Tobias Hofmann, Princeton University 

Paper The Formation of Trade Blocs: Evidence From Latin 

American Countries 

Leonardo Baccini, Trinity College, Dublin 

Overview: The research question that this article tries to address 

can be put in the following way: under which political and 

economic conditions have the Latin American countries decided to 

form the Andean Pact and Mercosur? 

Paper Trade Regime Design and Domestic Politics 

Jon Pevehouse, University of Wisconsin 

Overview: Theories of rational institutional design predict that 

states will adopt flexible institutions given high uncertainty in 

domestic and international politics. I argue the opposite: if 

possible, states will respond to domestic uncertainty. 

Paper Trade and Human Rights: Who Forms PTAs With Human 

Rights Conditionality? 

Jinny Bang, New York University 

Overview: This paper examines who would use PTA (Preferential 

Trade Agreement) with human rights conditionality against whom 

to reduce government repression and conducts statistical tests 

which includes Heckman’s selection model to test their 

effectiveness. 

Paper Does Flexibility Promote Cooperation? Testing Efficient 

Breach in the WTO 

Jeffrey R. Kucik, Emory University 

Eric Reinhardt, Emory University 

Overview: We argue that countries in possession of an 

antidumping mechanism can commit more credibly to 

liberalization because they have an institutionalized means for 

defection from WTO obligations. We find that this effect varies by 

legal capacity. 

Disc. Yoram Z. Haftel, University of Illinois, Chicago 

15-14 INFLUENCES ON HUMAN SECURITY 


Chair Derick A. Becker, University of Connecticut 

Paper Norm Compliance by Non-State Actors 

Vera V. Achvarina, University of Pittsburgh 

Overview: Based on detailed examination of armed groups' 

behavior in today's intrastate conflicts in relation to the child 

soldiers norm, this paper adds to our understanding of under what 

conditions actors comply with international norms. 

Paper When Human Security Dictates State Security 

Naoko Kumagai, City University of New York 

Overview: Human security dictates state security when domestic 

advocacy connects human security with domestically established 

norms. A comparative case study of four states’ definitions of 

antipersonnel mines demonstrates the point. 

Paper Information, Configuration, Many Nations: Organizational 

Learning and Structure in the Development of Public Health 

Policy 

Nathan A. Paxton, Harvard University 

Overview: With attention to the HIV pandemic, I examine the 

ways in which these two factors affect various states' policies of 

treatment and prevention pursued. I also indicate how one may 

use these results to extend the reach of organizational theory. 

Paper Ethical Questions and Realist Assumptions: At the Roots of 

World Security 

Josephine E. Squires, Fort Hays State University 

Overview: A realist approach to security problems should be seen 

as essentially and necessarily compatible with low politics, idealist 

perspectives, particularly in the area of unequal distribution of 

resources. 

Paper The Impact of Democracy on International Environmental 

Commitment 

Joel R. Carbonell, University of California 

Overview: This study provides evidence that certain democratic 

institutional arrangements may increase a state’s compliance to 

international environmental agreements and treaties. 

Disc. Derick A. Becker, University of Connecticut

16-15 SOVEREIGNTY, BORDERS, AND NATIONAL 

SECURITY 


Chair William Crotty, Northeastern University 

Paper The Rise of Paramilitary Policing 

Stephen M. Hill, University of Wisconsin, Eau Claire 

Overview: An analysis of paramilitary policing in western 

democracies and peace-support operations. 

Paper The Right to Self-Determination and Security: A New U.N. 

Mechanism 

Mark P. Lehman, Shippensburg University 

Overview: In the state-centered international system, claims of 

self-determination and their resulting conflict with state security 

cannot be adequately resolved. Proposed is a new mechanism to 

mitigate intrastate self-determination conflicts. 

Paper International Immigration and Domestic Conflict: An 

Empirical Assessment of High Income OECD Countries 

Elnur Soltanov, Texas Tech University 

Overview: This paper uses systematic quantitative models to test 

whether the size of international immigration is associated with 

increased number of domestic conflict events in the sample of 

industrial democracies. 

Paper How Actions Affect Ideas: Sovereignty and the Global War on 

Terrorism 

Jennifer Ramos, University of California, Davis 

Overview: Using an interdisciplinary approach, this paper 

examines how conceptions of sovereignty change (or not) once 

actions, such as military intervention in Afghanistan, are taken. 

Disc. Dylan Craig, American University 

17-14 THE 3RD IMAGE ECLIPSED: DOMESTIC 

PROTEST, REPRESSION, AND INTERVENTION 


Chair Steven J. Brams, New York University 

Paper The Impact of Political Structures on 3rd Party Intervention 

Alexandru Balas, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Overview: European Union uses its conflict transformation 

approaches in the social conflict involving Muslim communities in 

Europe. Do political opportunity structures impact the process of 

3rd party intervention in the context of the European Union? 

Paper The Policing of Protest: Better, Worse or Same as it Ever 

Was? 

Christian Davenport, University of Maryland 

Sarah Soule, Cornell University 

Overview: Conventional wisdom suggests that protest policing in 

the U.S. became more passive over the 1960 to 1990 period. We 

discover that this is not the case, revealing that some aspects 

became less violent and aggressive while others became worse. 

Paper On the Interplay Between Repression and Civil Unrest 

Navine Murshid, University of Rochester 

Overview: This paper studies the effect of repression on different 

types of civil unrest, taking into consideration how repression 

interacts with state capacity and accounting for the possible 

endogenous relationship between repression and unrest. 

Paper Charismatic Leadership and Social Networks: The Impact of 

Endogeneity on Repression 

David A. Siegel, Florida State University 

Overview: I utilize endogenous social networks to model the ways 

in which social groups can be differentially resistant to repression. 

I find that the degree to which repressed elites’ roles can be 

replicated is vital in determining the impact of repression. 

Disc. Will H. Moore, Florida State University 

18-7 IMAGE AND IDENTITY IN FOREIGN POLICY 


Chair Stephen B. Dyson, Wabash College 

Paper Rewriting Interests: Exploring Foreign Policy Innovation after 

the Cold War 

Kevin D. Benish, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: This paper questions political innovation and its impact 

on U.S. foreign policy after the Cold War. Using policy formation 

analysis and constructivist-based IR theory, this project explores 

foreign policy developments under the Clinton Administration. 

Paper The Blair Identity: Personality and British Foreign Policy 

Stephen B. Dyson, Wabash College 

Overview: How has Tony Blair’s characteristic mode of decision 

making and beliefs about international politics shaped British 

foreign policy over his time in office? 

Paper The Role of Emotions in Foreign Policy Decision Making 

Cengiz Erisen, Stony Brook University 

Overview: This paper analyzes the role of emotions in foreign 

policy decision making by evaluating the decisions taken by the 

U.S. Presidents on foreign issues. 

Disc. Betty Glad, University of South Carolina 

19-11 TRANSNATIONAL NETWORKS 


Chair Diana G. Zoelle, Bloomsburg University 

Paper Transnational Nuclear Networks and Bureaucratic Expertise 

in Latin America: A Network Analysis 

Isabella Alcaniz, University of Houston 

Overview: The theory I advance in this paper is that when 

bureaucratic capacity declines, scientists in technology-driven 

sectors become more active in knowledge networks in order to 

prevent the depreciation of their most important asset, their 

technical expertise. 

Paper Epistemic Communities, Norms, and Knowledge 

Elizabeth A. Bloodgood, Concordia University 

Overview: Epistemic communities pair shared causal and 

principled beliefs with information. But which matters most in 

policy—information or norms? This question is addressed in the 

Montreal Protocol, Ottawa Mine Ban, and Comprehensive Test 

Ban Treaty. 

Paper Epistemic Communities and Global Tobacco Control 

Policymaking 

Hadii Mamudu, University of California, San Francisco 

Overview: The paper attempts to delineate experts influence in the 

transformation of tobacco control from the concern of few 

developed countries in early 1960s into a global treaty, the 

Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) in May 

2003. 

Paper Something for Nothing? Compliance Systems and 

International Policy Networks 

Mark T. Nance, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: I examine the means of eliciting compliance used by 

international non-binding policy networks. I compare the 

Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering and the Open 

Method of Coordination as examples of these so-called soft law 

approaches. 

Paper Organizing for Success: How Structure Affects Transnational 

Campaigns 

Wendy Wong, University of California, San Diego 

Lindsay L. Heger, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: Does network structure affect the success of 

transnational campaigns? We claim the nature of the stated goal 

affects structural choice (flat or hierarchical), in turn affecting the 

ultimate success of transnational organizations. 

Disc. Feryal M. Cherif, University of California, Riverside 

Diana G. Zoelle, Bloomsburg University 

20-6 SECESSIONISM AND AUTONOMY MOVEMENTS: 

NEW THEORY AND NEW EVIDENCE 


Chair Charity Butcher, Indiana University 

Paper The Dynamics of Secession: Sincerity, Credibility, Choice 

Hudson Meadwell, McGill University 

Overview: There is a theoretical literature which looks at the 

trade-off between the economies of scale and the heterogenity of 

preferences in analyzing the formation of states. The paper 

examines how this literaure understands the role of threats and of 

sincerity. 

Page | 253

Paper States in States: The Crisis of Autonomy in the EZLN's 

'Autonomous' Mexico 

Wendy L. Wright, Rutgers University 

Overview: The past sixteen years have seen a consolidation of 

non-state power in several indigenous regions of Mexico. This 

territorial domination by forces standing in open opposition to, yet 

not in rebellion against the dominant state structure creates a 

political autonomy. 

Disc. Jason P. Sorens, SUNY, Buffalo 

Steven I. Wilkinson, University of Chicago 

21-12 ADVANCES IN GENETICS AND POLITICS 


Chair Thomas Craemer, University of Connecticut 

Paper B.F. Skinner is Dead: the Black Box Isn't Empty 

Roger D. Masters, Dartmouth College 

Overview: Cognitive neuroscience contradicts behaviorist models 

of rational choice and makes possible synergistic choice models 

based on the functional specialization of prefrontal cortex, 

amygdala, other brain structures, and neurotransmitters. 

Paper From Genes, to Mind, to Politics: Finding the Yellow Brick 

Empirical Road 

Ira H. Carmen, University of Illinois 

Overview: Several genes have now been linked to human 

personality profiles. This paper examines research designs for 

testing whether these genes exhibit meaningful association with 

more discrete political attitudes and behaviors. 

Paper Politics and Genetics 

John R. Hibbing, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 

John R. Alford, Rice University 

Peter K. Hatemi, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 

Nicholas G. Martin, Queensland Institute of Medical Research 

Overview: Recent claims about the extent to which genetics 

influences political beliefs are frequently misunderstood. In this 

paper, we use modern structural equation modeling techniques to 

elucidate the connection between genes and politics. 

Disc. Darren M. Schreiber, University of California, San Diego 

22-7 UNCERTAINTY AND ISSUE VOTING 


Chair Jonathan N. Katz, California Institute of Technology 

Paper Perceptions of Party Differences and Voting for Non-Major 

Party Candidates 

Gregg R. Murray, SUNY, Brockport 

Craig Goodman, Texas Tech University 

Overview: Motivated by the heuristics and burgeoning behavioral 

economics literatures, we find that the uncertainty experienced by 

voters who miss partisan cues creates a bias towards voting for 

third party and independent candidates. 

Paper Winnowing Choices: Political Choice Sets in Multi-Party 

Elections 

Carole J. Wilson, University of Texas, Dallas 

Marco R. Steenbergen, University of North Carolina 

Overview: We present a choice set analysis drawing from methods 

developed in consumer research. We model choice sets and vote 

choice with MLE and Bayesian estimators, validate these 

estimators with Dutch data and compare the results to traditional 

vote models. 

Paper Voting under Uncertainty: Electoral Spaces and Vote 

Decisions 

Joan Serra, University of Chicago 

Current spatial models of elections assume that voters perfectly 

know their ideal points in the electoral spaces. In this paper I 

develop and test a model with the empirically correct assumption 

that voters are uncertain about their own ideal points. 

Paper Spatial Voting in Low Information Elections 



Overview: We analyze ballot image data to study electoral choices 

in low-information primary elections. Preliminary analysis finds 

strong evidence of spatial voting. 

Disc. Jonathan N. Katz, California Institute of Technology 

Page | 254 

22-12 SOCIAL GROUPS AND ELECTORAL APPEALS 


Chair Marc J. Hetherington, Vanderbilt University 

Paper Ballots of Punishment and Reward: Target Groups and 

Electoral Support for Direct Legislation 

Stephen P. Nicholson, University of California 

Overview: Target groups constitute low-cost cues about the 

content of direct legislation. In using target group cues, I find that 

the electorate rewards groups with positive stereotypes and 

punishes groups with negative stereotypes. 

Paper Race and Perceptions of Candidate Ideologies in U.S. House 

Elections 

Matthew L. Jacobsmeier, University of Rochester 

Overview: Using National Election Studies data on recent U.S. 

House elections, I examine the impact of race on vote choice, and 

attempt to disentangle the effects of racial prejudice from the 

effects of race on perceptions of candidate ideologies. 

Paper Testing the Effect of Social Identity Appeals in Election 

Campaigns (fMRI) 

Eric S. Dickson, New York University 

Kenneth Scheve, Yale University 

Overview: We expose experimental subjects to political speech 

stimuli from scripted (hypothetical) and from actual campaigns; 

measure their responses using functional magnetic resonance 

imaging (fMRI); and interpret results in the context of ongoing 

debates. 

Paper The Two Faces of Government Spending 

Paul Goren, University of Minnesota 

Overview: This paper uses welfare reform as a vehicle to explore 

whether voters are responsive to demonstrable changes in public 

policy. I use 1984-2004 NES data to assess the welfare-vote 

choice relationship in the pre- and post-reform eras. 

Disc. Marc J. Hetherington, Vanderbilt University 

23-10 INSIDE AN OUTSIDE GAME; PARTIES AND 

GROUPS IN THE 2006 MIDTERM ELECTIONS 


Chair Paul S. Herrnson, University of Maryland 

Paper Party and Interest Group Activity in the 2006 Colorado 7th 

Congressional District Election 

Robert Duffy, Colorado State University 

Kyle Saunders, Colorado State University 

Overview: This paper systematically examines the spending and 

activity of groups and parties in the Colorado 7 th district. 

Paper Party and Interest Group Activity in the 2006 Pennsylvania 

Senate and 6th Congressional District Elections 

Robin Kolodny, Temple University 


activity of groups and parties in the Pennsylvania senate race and 

6th district. 

Paper Party and Interest Group Activity in the 2006 Minnesota 

Senate and 6 th Congressional District Election 

Nancy Zingale, University of St. Thomas 

William Flanigan, University of Minnesota 


activity of groups and parties in the Minnesota senate race and the 

Minnesota 6th district. 

Disc. Paul S. Herrnson, University of Maryland 

Kelly D. Patterson, Brigham Young University 

24-8 ELECTORAL SYSTEM CHANGE 


Chair Jae-Jae M. Spoon, University of Iowa 

Paper Does Democratizing Electoral Insitutions Democratize 

Politics? 

Andrew Reeves, Harvard University 

Overview: I examine the consequences of equal representation and 

universal suffrage enacted by the British Great Reform Acts; 

specifically I test how the reforms affected the power of political 

parties and the nature of representation in Parliament.

Paper The Politics of Electoral System Choice in 19th Century 

Democratizers 

Amel F. Ahmed, Swarthmore College 

Overview: I examine movements for voting system reform at the 

time of suffrage expansion in France, the UK and the U.S. I argue 

that elites used these reforms to undermine popular participation. 

Outcomes vary with the degree of working class mobilization. 

Paper Party Switching and Electoral Reform in New Zealand, Japan, 

and Italy 

Alex Chuan-hsien Chang, University of Iowa 

Overview: In this paper, I construct a defection game to simulate 

party-legislator relations and investigate how electoral reforms 

affect intraparty politics in New Zealand, Italy and Japan, 

respectively. 

Paper Engineering Electoral Laws at the Roundtable Talks in 

Eastern Europe: Elite Bargaining Games with Imperfect 

Information 

Ivailo M. Kotzev, University of Connecticut 

Overview: By focusing on the bargaining process of electoral 

system design, this paper attempts to answer why some electoral 

laws have remained stable over time with little or no modification 

while others have undergone major changes or even complete 

overhaul. 

Disc. Matt Evans, Northwestern University 

25-14 INNOVATIONS IN SURVEY METHODS AND DATA 

ANALYSIS (Co-sponsored Methodology, see 35-16) 


Chair Barry Burden, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Paper Bayesian Models of Campaign Dynamics 

Paul J. Tran, University of Texas, Dallas 

Harold D. Clarke, University of Texas, Dallas 

Overview: Using state-space models for pooling campaign polls, 

Bayesian MCMC analyses are undertaken to study the dynamics 

of candidate and party support during the most recent American 

(2004), British (2005) and Canadian (2006) national election 

campaigns. 

Paper To Branch or Not to Branch: Item Construction in Web 

Surveys 

Samantha Luks, Polimetrix 

Ashley Grosse, Polimetrix 

Douglas Rivers, Stanford University 

Overview: This paper examines the effects of alternative designs 

in web surveys on item response and nonresponse. Using an 

experiment from the Polimetrix omnibus survey, we show how 

question formats can increase or alleviate confusion among 

respondents. 

Paper Evaluating the Representativeness of an Internet Sample 

Seth J. Hill, University of California, Los Angeles 

James Lo, University of California, Los Angeles 


John Zaller, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: Using the 2004 National Election Study as a baseline, 

this paper evaluates whether voluntary respondents drawn from a 

novel Internet sampling method are representative of the national 

population in terms of their level of political information 

Disc. Sean O. Hogan, RTI-International 

J. Tobin Grant, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale 

26-3 MINORITY VOTING AND MINORITY 



Chair Valeria Sinclair-Chapman, University of Rochester 

Paper The Turnout-Representation Disconnect: A Statistical Model 

of Council Composition 

Justin R. Grimmer, Harvard University 

Clayton M. Nall, Harvard University 

Overview: Introducing a compositional data model, we find that 

even a dramatic rise in citywide turnout does not lead to increased 

minority representation, contradicting existing findings obtained 

using Least Squares (Hajnal and Trounstine, 2005). 

Paper Black Votes for Black Republicans Running Statewide in 

2006: Did It Make a Difference? 

Michael K. Fauntroy, George Mason University 

Overview: This paper reviews the November 2006 elections to 

determine if Black voters turned out to support African American 

Republican candidates. 

Paper Does School Segregation Depress Black Political 

Participation? 

Michiko Ueda, California Institute of Technology 

Overview: This paper tests whether going to racially segregated 

schools affects political participation of blacks later in their lives. 

It uses heterogeneity in the timing of desegregation orders to 

identify the impact of school segregation on turnout. 

Paper The Role of Political Participation in Expanding the Scope of 

Conflict 

Matthew B. Platt, University of Rochester 

Overview: This paper examines how black participation is used to 

garner white support for black policy issues. Using public opinion, 

media, and legislative behavior, I show that participation is a vital 

tool for problem definition and conflict expansion. 

Disc. Valeria Sinclair-Chapman, University of Rochester 

Eric McDaniel, University of Texas, Austin 

27-15 MEDIA SYSTEMS AND EFFECTS ACROSS 

REGIMES 


Chair Stacy G. Ulbig, Missouri State University 

Paper Citizens or Consumers? Political Culture and Media Policy in 

the U.S. and UK 

Mark Major, William Paterson University 

Overview: This research uses a comparative and historical 

analysis of elite political culture in the U.S. and UK to assess its 

influence on media policy. 

Paper Freedom of the Media in Autocracies and Democracies: 

Theory and Empirics 

Natan Sachs, Stanford University 

Overview: The paper explores the role of the media, explaining 

why some autocracies grant relative freedom while democracies 

often censor. It presents evidence from cross-national data and 

from fieldwork on Indonesian democratization and Israeli wartime 

press. 

Paper Media Use and the Survival of Political Disagreement: A 

Simulation 

Frank C. S. Liu, National Sun Yat-Sen University 

Paul E. Johnson, University of Kansas 

Overview: This paper presents an Agent-Based Model and its 

simulation results about the influence of selective perception of 

news sources, as well as the influence of communication 

networks, on the level of political disagreement in a centralized 

country. 

Paper Media Exposure and Attitude Towards Democracy in China 

Tianjian Shi, Duke University 

Jie Lu, Duke University 

Overview: This paper will use survey data collected in two cities 

in China, with access to different mass media with varying levels 

of government control, to scrutinize the role of mass media in 

shaping people’s attitude towards democracy. 

Disc. Claes H. DeVreese, University of Amsterdam 

Oya Dursun-Ozkanca, University of Texas, Austin 

28-102 ROUNDTABLE: THE GENDER GAP IN THE 2006 

AND 2008 ELECTIONS 


Panelist Kathleen Dolan, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 

Susan McManus, University of South Florida 

Karen Kaufmann, University of Maryland, College Park 

Barbara Norrander, University of Arizona 

Barbara Burrell, Northern Illinois University 

Overview: Scholars on this roundtable will evaluate the role of the 

gender gap in the 2006 elections and discuss its potential impact in 

the 2008 elections. 

Page | 255

29-13 ETHNIC INCLUSION AND THE POLITICS OF 

CITIZENSHIP AND NATURALIZATION 


Chair Lorrie Frasure, Cornell University 

Paper Controlled Cohesion: Restrictive Immigration/Liberal 

Citizenship in the UK 

Sara B. Wallace, Georgetown University 

Overview: In this paper, I examine co-maintenance within Great 

Britain’s migration policy of restrictive immigration and liberal 

citizenship, arguing that this social strategy enables Britain to 

uphold common values despite globalized migration. 

Paper Costly Citizenship? Dual Nationality Institutions and the 

Choice to Naturalize 

Jeffrey K. Staton, Florida State University 

Damarys Canache, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Robert A. Jackson, Florida State University 

Overview: Focusing on Latinos, this paper assesses the conditions 

under which dual nationality rules in sender countries influence 

the choice of immigrants from those countries to seek citizenship 

in the United States. 

Paper New Americans or Diasporic Nationalists? Mexican 

Immigrant Responses to Naturalization 

Adrian Felix, University of Southern California 

Claudia Sandoval, University of Chicago 

Overview: The immigration debate has reclaimed attention within 

public discourse and the academy alike. There is disagreement 

around Mexican immigrants who are becoming American citizens. 

Disc. Lorrie Frasure, Cornell University 

Nancy Kwang Johnson, Western Illinois University 

32-14 VARIETIES OF LIBERALISM 


Chair Michael Ravvin, Columbia University 

Paper Liberty and Multiculturalism: A Possible Resolution to an 

Endless Conflict 

Miriam Bentwich, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: This paper attempts to make progress towards 

resolving the conflict between multiculturalists and liberals as to 

the importance of individual liberty by establishing a justification 

for the supremacy of the latter from a multiculturalism stance. 

Paper Nationalism and the Limits of Justice 

Craig P. French, Georgetown University 

Overview: An examination of David Miller's liberal nationalism, 

paying particular attention to the limits on global distributive 

justice imposed by the method in ethical theory which he has 

recently described as the search for a "theory of just boundaries." 

Paper Cosmopolitan Flaws, Practical Failures, and the Possibility of 

Positive Tolerance: The Future of the Liberal Polity 

Stephen W. Moore, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Overview: I explore three alternatives of social organization: 

cosmopolitanism, practical liberalism, and positive tolerance. I 

argue that recent arguments supportive of cosmoplitanism fall 

short of the liberal ideal and that the rational strategy. 

Paper Deontological Perfectionist Liberalism: The Very Idea 

Evan Riley, University of Pittsburgh 

Overview: I am interested in an approach to the familiar normative 

questions of justice that is both perfectionist and also a 

deontological liberalism. In this paper, I focus on defending the 

intelligibility of the very idea against three general worries. 

Disc. Ruth M. Abbey, University of Notre Dame 

32-101 AUTHOR MEETS CRITICS: DANNY POSTEL'S 

READING LEGITIMATION CRISIS IN TEHRAN 


Panelist Danny Postel, openDemocracy magazine 

Jeffrey Isaac, Indiana University 

Courtney Jung, New School for Social Research 

Nader Hashemi, Northwestern University 

Farzin Vahdat, Vassar College 

Overview: Roundtable discussion of Danny Postel's book Reading 

Legitimation Crisis in Tehran: Iran and the Future of Liberalism, a 

Page | 256 

meditation on the widespread confusion on the Western Left about 

Iran and what lessons we can draw from Iranian liberalism today. 

33-12 EQUIVALENCE AND EXPLOITATION: 

QUESTIONS OF EQUAL DIGNITY 


Chair Jeffrey A. Becker, University of the Pacific 

Paper What Makes Racism Wrong? 

T. J. Donahue, Johns Hopkins University 

Overview: In answer, this paper argues that racism treats some 

persons as second-class persons or not persons at all. This is 

wrong because it is wrong to omit treating any person as a bearer 

of equal dignity, and this treatment omits precisely this. 

Paper The Problem of Moral Equivalence 

Jason S. Ferrell, McGill University 

Overview: The meaning of moral equivalence is ambiguous. It is 

often said a position is ‘superior’ to another if they are not morally 

equivalent. This paper will argue that moral equivalence is best 

understood in terms of the idea of incommensurability. 

Paper The Ethics of Exploitation 

Robert Mayer, Loyola University, Chicago 

Overview: This paper describes the ethics of exploitation. This 

ethics varies depending on whether the exploitation is structural or 

discretionary. Some structural exploiters face a dirty-hands 

dilemma in which it is right to do wrong. 

Paper Autonomy, Political Equality, and the Moral Good 

Michael P. McKeon, Syracuse University 

Overview: Nowadays, we know unequivocally that slavery is 

wrong. The intuitive idea here is that slavery is incongruous with 

our concept of autonomy and equality. I argue that it is not selfevident 

that we would have made it to this point sans religion. 

Disc. Jeffrey A. Becker, University of the Pacific 

34-4 ELECTIONS AND POLICY 


Chair James Adams, University of California, Davis 

Paper Fallacies of Roll Call Vote Aggregation in Spatial Models of 

Electoral Competition 

Justin Buchler, Case Western Reserve University 

Overview: Spatial models of electoral competition make flawed 

predictions both for candidate location decisions and for citizens’ 

voting decisions because neither voters nor candidates derive 

utility directly from a location decision. 

Paper Government Performance, Clientelism and Political 

Competition. 

Leonardo A. Gatica, Universidad de Gudalakara 

Overview: This paper explains the fact of a negative relationship 

between political competition and government performance. It 

formalizes a spatial model with provision of patronage and public 

goods to challenge the idea that competition increases 

performance. 

Paper Entrenching the Machine: Shark Repellant and White Squires 

as Obstacles to Reform Party Success 

Jeffrey Grynaviski, University of Chicago 

Overview: In this paper, I develop a formal model which 

examines how incumbent political machines use their control over 

the bureaucracy prior to an election to create obstacles to a 

successful electoral challenge by a reform party. 

Paper Transparency and Separation of Powers 

Dimitri Landa, New York University 

Ethan Bueno de Mesquita, Washington University 

Overview: We analyze the effects of the interaction between 

transparency and separation of powers on electoral accountability 

when incumbents must take multiple costly actions prior to 

elections. 

Disc. Alan E. Wiseman, Ohio State University

35-10 TOPICS IN POLITICAL METHODOLOGY II 


Chair Kristin Kanthak, University of Pittsburgh 

Paper Estimation of the Null Effect Using Bayesian Model 

Comparison 

Jong Hee Park, Washington University, St. Louis 

Overview: What should we do when we are interested in 

confirming the null hypothesis? 

Paper Unit Nonresponse in Internet-Based Surveys: An 

Examination of Graduate Research 

David L. Henry, Western Michigan University 

Gregory E. Rathje, Western Michigan University 

Overview: This paper examines the use of Internet-based surveys 

in dissertations completed over the past 5 years. Of particular 

concern is the issue of unit nonresponse and its impact on validity 

in such research. 

Paper How Frail is Your Frailty? 

Luke J. Keele, Ohio State University 

DeBoef Suzanna, Pennsylvania State University 

Overview: We evaluate frailty models in a variety of contexts. 

Paper GIS and Data Visualization as Tools for Metropolitan 

Governance 

Richard T. LeGates, San Francisco State University 

Overview: Using data from the San Francisco Bay Area, Southern 

New Jersey, and the Portland, Oregon region, and this paper 

describes how geographical information systems (GIS) can help 

political scientists analyze and depict attributes of metropolitan 

regions. 

Disc. Kevin A. Clarke, University of Rochester 

38-12 UNITARY EXECUTIVES 


Chair Lara M. Brown, California State University, Channel Islands 

Paper Executive Unilateralism in the Ford and Carter Presidencies 

Ryan J. Barilleaux, Miami University 

David P. Zellers, Miami University 

Overview: Traces unilateral exercises of power by Presidents Ford 

and Carter, highlighting precednts for later unilateralism (such as 

under G.W. Bush). Illuminates evolution of presidency since 

Watergate. 

Paper Presidential Power and the Signing Statement: A 

Comparative Analysis of the Bush Administrations 

Bryan W. Marshall, Miami University 

Christopher Kelley, Miami University 

Overview: The paper will employ both case studies and 

quantitative analysis to compare the use of signing statements 

during the two Bush administrations. The paper will employ a 

unique data set for the quantitative analysis. 

Paper Statements of Power: Executive Assertions of Policy via 

Formal Communication 

Laurie L. Rice, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville 

Overview: Bush drew fire for his dramatic expansion of the use of 

signing statements. I compare them to Statements of 

Administration Policy. While blindsiding Congress occurs 

infrequently, Congress now faces a president armed with more 

tools for shaping laws. 

Paper Defending the Rule of Law in Emergencies 

Stefan Olsson, Uppsala University 

Overview: In sudden emergencies, such as terror attacks or earth 

quakes, governments usually take on extra powers. In my paper I 

explore how these extra powers can be controlled by using checks 

and balances. 

Disc. David G. Adler, Idaho State University 

39-11 LEGISLATIVE BEHAVIOR IN THE SENATE: 

POLICY DECISIONS AND PARTISANSHIP 


Chair Chris Den Hartog, California Polytechnic Institute 

Paper The Calculus of Co-sponsoring Major Legislation in the U.S. 

Senate 

Brian M. Harward, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville 

Kenneth W. Moffett, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville 

Overview: We examine why a legislator would be willing to vote 

‘yea’ on final passage of a bill, but would be unwilling to cosponsor 

that bill. We develop and test a three-stage game 

theoretic model of senators’ decisions to co-sponsor legislation. 

Paper Policy Entrepreneurship in the U.S. Senate: Evidence from 

Morning Business Speeches 

Joumana Moukarim, American University 

Overview: I examine the impact of the institutional environment 

on policy entrepreneurship in the Senate. I find that institutional 

factors matter in explaining frequency and content of floor 

speeches senators deliver during morning business periods. 

Paper Ambition and Party Loyalty in the U.S. Senate 

Sarah A. Treul, University of Minnesota 

Overview: This paper examines what effect individual senators 

have on the party. I address two questions: 1) How does ambition 

for higher office affect party loyalty? and 2) How does party 

loyalty affect senators’ electoral prospects? 

Paper Adaptation of Senators: Party Polarization in the U.S. Senate, 

1945-2004 

Shinya Wakao, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: I investigate the ideological adaptation of U.S. Senators 

who served between 1945 and 2004 and find that the longer they 

serve in the Senate, the more their ideological position change. 

Paper The 17th Amendment and Polarization in the U.S. Senate 

Jeffery A. Jenkins, Northwestern University 


Overview: We examine the degree to which the move from 

indirect to direct election in the Senate affected overall 

polarization in the chamber. 

Disc. Chris Den Hartog, California Polytechnic Institute 

39-22 LEGISLATIVE ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND 

SUCCESS 


Chair David C. W. Parker, Indiana University, South Bend 

Paper Party Loyalty and Legislative Success: Are Loyal Majority 

Party Members More Successful? 

Jason D. Mycoff, University of Delaware 

Edward B. Hasecke, Wittenberg University 

Overview: We hypothesize that party leaders reward loyal party 

members with greater legislative success. Using bill data over 

seven Congresses we examine loyalty as demonstrated through 

floor voting and financial contributions to party reelection efforts. 

Paper Is My Seat Safe?: Legislative Success of Freshmen Members 

of Congress 

Jacob R. Straus, Frostburg State University 

Overview: This paper examines the legislative success of first 

term members of Congress and the impact of that success (or 

failure) on their chances for reelection. 

Paper Seniority and the Emergence of Legislation in Congress 

Glen S. Krutz, University of Oklahoma 

Curtis Ellis, University of Oklahoma 

Overview: Explores the impact of seniority on the pre-floor 

legislative process in Congress. 

Paper When Politics is Personal: Role of Personal Interests in Bill 

Sponsorships 

Lesli McCollum Gooch, Office of Representative Gary G. Miller 

Overview: Through interviews with 60 members of the U.S. 

House of Representatives, this paper provides a systematic 

analysis of bill sponsorships to consider the extent to which 

members actively pursue their personal policy interests in 

Congress. 

Disc. Jocelyn J. Evans, University of West Florida 


Page | 257

41-13 FEDERAL JUDICIAL SELECTION: DEATHS, 

DEPARTURES, AND NEW BLOOD 


Chair Pamela C. Corley, Vanderbilt University 

Paper Politicized Departure from the United States Supreme Court, 

1789-2006 

James Lindgren, Northwestern University 

Ross M. Stolzenberg, University of Chicago 

Overview: The odds of a Supreme Court justice retiring in the first 

two years of a president of the same party are about 2.6 times the 

odds of retiring late in the term of a president of the opposing 

party. Dying in office shows roughly the opposite pattern. 

Paper Departures from the Court: The Importance of the Political 

Landscape 

Kjersten R. Nelson, University of Minnesota 

Eve M. Ringsmuth, University of Minnesota 

Overview: The authors use ideological distance measures to re-test 

the hypothesis that justices use strategic political considerations 

when deciding whether to leave the Court. 

Paper Assessing Changes in State Representation on the U.S. Courts 

of Appeals 

Kevin M. Scott, Congressional Research Service 

R. Sam Garrett, Congressional Research Service 

Overview: We investigate and analyze changes in state 

representation of circuit court judges confirmed since 1891 in 

order to test hypotheses about factors that influence changes in 

state representation. 

Paper A Competing Risks Model of Exits from the U.S. Courts of 

Appeals, 1954-2004 

Richard L. Vining, Emory University 

Overview: This paper employs a competing risks model to 

examine departures from the U.S. Courts of Appeals from 1954- 

2004. The impact of reforms to retirement statutes is studied along 

with political, personal, and institutional factors affecting 

departures. 

Disc. Christine L. Nemacheck, College of William & Mary 

Pamela C. Corley, Vanderbilt University 

41-24 DECISION MAKING ON TRIAL COURTS 


Chair Jolly A. Emrey, University of Wisconsin, Whitewater 

Paper Impact of Selection System on Sentencing Decisions in Felony 

Trial Courts 

Nathan A. Jones, University of Virginia 

Overview: Modeling “justice” as unexplained variation, this paper 

tests the claim that elections place justice “at risk” using a 

heteroskedastic regression model to predict felony sentence length 

and error terms across states with different selection systems. 

Paper The Impact of Motivations on Judicial Role Conceptions and 

Behavior 

Barsha L. Mount, Charleston Southern University 

Overview: This paper examines the relative influence of the 

institutional norms and structures of state trial courts and the 

personal motivations of judges on their role conceptions and 

behavior. 

Paper Contextualizing the Law: Sex Assault Cases and Trial Court 

Decision-Making 

Megan A. Greening, University of North Texas 

Overview: This study examines sexual assault cases and trial court 

decision-making in Dallas County 1999-2005. I test legal and 

extra-legal factors to determine if they influence sentencing 

decisions and discuss the subsequent policy impact of such 

decisions. 

Paper What Are They Thinking?: Federal Judges Thoughts on 

Redistricting 

Mark J. McKenzie, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: This study in judicial behavior in redistricting relies on 

in depth interviews and a judicial survey of sitting federal judges. 

This NSF funded study examines the nature of partisanship and 

other factors in redistricting decisions. 

Page | 258 

Paper Unemployment, Politics, and the Risk of Execution in the U.S. 

States 

Isaac Unah, National Science Foundation 

Overview: Do Economic Conditions explain execution risk of 

deathrow inmates in the American States? I argue that activity on 

deathrow reflects economic conditions in the states and that these 

economic effects are mediated by gubernatorial politics. 

Disc. Charles A. Smith, University of Miami 

Jolly A. Emrey, University of Wisconsin, Whitewater 

44-11 THE POLITICS OF POLICY DIFFUSION I (Cosponsored 



Chair Ronald E. Weber, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 

Paper When the Smoke Clears: The Diffusion of Successful Youth 

Access Antismoking Policies 

Craig Volden, Ohio State University 

Charles R. Shipan, University of Michigan 

Overview: This paper examines state antismoking policies to 

address youth access to tobacco. We analyze whether the youth 

access policies that most effectively reduce teenage smoking 

spread more quickly and more completely across the states than do 

less effective. 

Paper Local Governments and Policy Diffusion: Building State 

Capacity 

Kathleen Hale, Auburn University 

Overview: The influence of local government innovation on 

subsequent state innovation in criminal justice reform is tested by 

cross-sectional time series analysis using data from local drug 

court programs across the fifty states from 1989 through 2005. 

Paper Testing the Emulation of Success Hypothesis in Criminal 

Justice Policy 

Christopher Olds, Texas A&M University 

Overview: Research on state policy diffusion for too long has 

focused on geographical proximity between states to explain 

policy adoption. This project looks into the possibility that states 

emulate other states only when policies achieve desired outcomes. 

Paper Policy Diffusion and Learning in Federal States: Evidence 

from Switzerland 

Fabrizio Gilardi, University of Lausanne 

Katharina Fueglister, University of Lausanne 

Overview: This paper studies the diffusion of health insurance 

subsidy policies across the 26 Swiss cantons between 1996 and 

2005. It examines whether policy makers learn from policy or 

political outcomes, and whether the impact of learning varies over 

time. 

Disc. Ronald E. Weber, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 

Jeremy L. Hall, University of Alabama, Birmingham 

45-7 REINVENTING/RESTRUCTURING MUNICIPAL 

GOVERNMENT 

Room Burnham 4,7 th Floor, Sat at 4:25 pm 

Chair J. Edwin Benton, Universitiy of South Florida 

Paper Put Up or Shut Up: City Council Response to Efforts to 

Reinvent Government 

Timothy B. Krebs, University of New Mexico 

John P. Pelissero, Loyola University, Chicago 

Overview: Despite the popularity of reinventing government at the 

local level, we know little about it from an empirical standpoint. 

In this research we analyze city council responses to managers’ 

efforts to reinvent city government through the budgetary process . 

Paper Discovering the Ties that Bind: A Search for Connections 

Between Municipal Governmental Forms and Expenditure 

Decisions 

Charles L. Sampson, University of Missouri 

Overview: This study queries whether forms of municipal 

government are significant to understanding municipal 

expenditure decisions and the extent to which institutional theory 

aids that explanation.

Paper A Comparison of Wisconsin Park Departments and Illinois 

Park Districts 

David N. Emanuelson, Aurora University 

Overview: In this quantitative analysis, Illinois park districts and 

municipal park departments are compared to Wisconsin park 

departments in terms of service levels and efficiencies to identify 

the differences between states and structures of government. 

Paper Small Towns, Fiscal Stress and the Restructuring of Public 

Services 

Gary A. Mattson, Northern Kentucky University 

Overview: A twenty year retrospect of the municipal service 

policy behavior of 77 rural midwest county seat towns facing 

budgetary shortfalls. 

Paper Conciliated Model of Municipal Governance and Mayoral 

Rule in Cincinnati 

Stephen T. Mergner, University of Cincinnati 

Overview: This work is unique from the common approaches to 

mayoral leadership literature in that it takes the opposite approach 

and holds the officer-holder constant while analyzing multiple 

consequences of governmental reform. 

Disc. J. Edwin Benton, Universitiy of South Florida 

45-9 POLICY IMPACTS OF ENHANCED 

PARTICIPATION 


Chair Richard C. Feiock, Florida State University 

Paper Tiebout Mobility Under Conditions of Electoral Competition 

Kenneth N. Bickers, University of Colorado 

Lapo Salucci, University of Colorado 

Overview: This paper tests the thesis that a high degree of 

electoral competition alters the incentives of citizens by creating 

effective opportunities for voice, thus decreasing the perceived 

attractiveness of exit. 

Paper Implementing Participatory Budgeting: The Case of 

Neighborhood Councils in Los Angeles 

Juliet Mussu, University of Southern California 

Michael Sithole, University of Southern California 

Mark Elliot, University of Southern California 

Christopher Weare, University of Southern California 

Overview: This paper provides a process evaluation of the 

implementation of a budgeting process in Los Angeles, and 

evaluates the extent to which the emergent process reflects the 

representative and deliberative requisites for effective 


Paper Under Pressure: Does the Threat of Citizen Initiative Impact 

Local Policy Decisions? 

Tara A. Blanc, Arizona State University 

Barbara C. McCabe, Arizona State University 

Overview: Initiative election studies focus only on measures that 

reach the ballot; however, the mere threat of initiative may prompt 

officials to act to forestall popular response. We explore how this 

threat may be used to sway local growth policy decisions. 

Paper E-Democracy at the Local Level 

Tony E. Wohlers, Cameron University 

Overview: The increasing application of information and 

communication technologies in the public sector has contributed 

to remarkable advances in electronic- or e-government. Some 

argue that e-government strengthens the existing public service. 

Paper Government in Translation: The Local Politics of Language 

Policies 

Els de Graauw, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: Drawing from both qualitative and quantitative data 

from fieldwork conducted in the San Francisco Bay Area, I 

analyze the role of nonprofit organizations catering to immigrants 

in the framing, legislation, and implementation of local language 

policies. 

Disc. Richard C. Feiock, Florida State University 


46-11 STEM CELL POLITICS AND POLICY 


Chair Alesha E. Doan, University of Kansas 

Paper Predictors of State Stem Cell Research and Cloning Policies 

Sorina O. Vlaicu, George Mason University 


Overview: This paper looks across U.S. states to analyze stem cell 

research and cloning policies and explain variations in policy 

outcomes. Options for federal policies are proposed. 

Paper How Does the National Competitiveness Discourse Influence 

Stem Cell Research Policymaking? 

Myong Hwa Lee, Northern Illinois University 

Overview: This paper addresses the development of the Korean 

permissive therapeutic cloning policies in terms of national 

competitiveness discourse. How did the national competitivness 

discourse dominate stem cell debate? How did the discourse 

influence stem cell research? 

Paper Politics, Policy and a Patchwork of Regulation: Embryonic 

Stem Cell Research 

Anne K. Davis, University of Michigan 

Overview: This paper examines the legal status of embryonic stem 

cell research at the national level and in the 50 states and focuses 

on the impact of state level efforts to fund, protect or restrict such 

research. 

Paper Creating Frankenstein: Morality, Politics and Stem Cell 

Research 

Alesha E. Doan, University of Kansas 

Overview: Stem cell research is increasingly becoming a salient 

political issue. This research explores two main components of the 

debate: the role of framing by active participants in the debate and 

the extent to which the public perceives stem cell research. 

Disc. Karsten Vrangbaek, University of Copenhagen 

Gerard W. Boychuk, University of Waterloo 

48-5 PRESIDENTS AND ECONOMIC POLICY (Cosponsored 

with Presidency and Executive Politics, see 

38-17) 


Chair Chris Rodgers, University of Texas, Dallas 

Paper Presidential Influence of Financial Markets 

Thomas M. Martin, University of Kentucky 

Overview: A conceptual framework of presidential rhetoric and 

power, positing that the president’s rhetorical leadership creates 

market volatility in the Dow Jones Industrial Average. 

Paper A Historical Institutionalist Analysis of Bush's Social Security 

Reform 

Hector L. Ortiz, Syracuse University 

Overview: Bush’s Social Security reform allows us to explore the 

utility of historical institutionalists’ accounts of policy 

development and presidential leadership. I apply historical 

institutionalism to explain the process and the outcome of the 

reform. 

Paper Partisan Impacts on the Economy: Evidence from Prediction 

Markets 

Erik C. Snowberg, Stanford University 

Justin Wolfers, University of Pennsylvania 

Eric Zitzewitz, Stanford University 

Overview: We combine evidence from elections from 1880 to 

2004 with prediction market data and find that the victory of a 

Republican presidential candidate raises equity prices 2-3% versus 

the victory of a Democrat. 

Disc. Dean Spiliotes, New Hampshire Institute of Politics 

Chris Rodgers, University of Texas, Dallas 

Page | 259

49-5 PROCESS AND REPRESENTATION IN 

ENVIRONMENTAL POLITICS 


Chair Mark C. Stephan, Washington State University, Vancouver 

Paper The Impact of Policy Change in Local and State Environment 

Policy: The Case of Brownfields 

Richard C. Hula, Michigan State University 

Overview: This paper examines the long-term impact Michigan’s 

program to promote the cleaning and redevelopment of 

contaminated land parcels (brownfields). The analysis is based on 

a set of observations of sites over a five-year period. 

Paper Deliberation Lite: How Minimal Interaction Influences Policy 

Preferences 

Thomas Dietz, Michigan State University 

Rachel Shwom, Michigan State University 

Amy Dan, Michigan State University 

David Bidwell, Michigan State University 

Overview: Results of an experiment using feedback in a mail 

survey to influence preferences for climate change mitigation 

policy. 

Paper Representing Interests and Communities in Policymaking 

Richard Barke, Georgia Institute of Technology 

Overview: There are many political and policy processes in the 

U.S. that stipulate categories of membership of advisory boards or 

decision-making committees, with either tacit or explicit 

assumptions that individuals will in some way represent particular 

interests. 

Disc. Ramiro Berardo, University of Arizona 

50-11 ORGANIZATIONAL DETERMINANTS OF 

AGENCY PERFORMANCE 


Chair Carolyn Bourdeaux, Georgia State University 

Paper Can Management Strategy Minimize the Impact of Red Tape 

on Organizational Performance? 

Gene A. Brewer, University of Georgia 

Richard M. Walker, Hong Kong University 

Overview: The nature and impact of red tape on public agencies 

has long been debated. For example, previous literature and 

anecdotal accounts suggest that there are two conceptually distinct 

forms of red tape – internal and external. This study aims to fill a 

gap. 

Paper Consequences of Conflict in Public Organizations 

James L. Chappell, Western Kentucky University 

Overview: Brief overview of how conflict impacts the service 

delivery of public organizations provides the basis for the 

research. Additionally, the research looks at the sources of 

conflict within public organizations. 

Paper A Comparative Study of Staff and Operating Agencies: 

Quantitative Analysis on the Organizational Structures of 

Federal Agencies 

Yoonho Kim, Cornell University 

Overview: This paper analyzes the U.S. federal agencies by 

dividing into two categories, "staff" and "operating" agency. This 

analysis focuses on how these two agencies differ and similar in 

regard to organizational structures. 

Paper Managing for Results in Governmental Organizations: Does 

Organization Matter? 

Jung Wook Lee, University of Illinois, Springfield 

Seok Eun Kim, Kansas State University 

Overview: This study explores the organizational characteristics 

that can affect the successful implementation of managing for 

results (MFR) practices in public organizations. 

Paper Perceptions of Organizational Red Tape: Career Contextual 

Determinants 

Branco Ponomariov, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Craig Boardman, Science and Technology Policy Institute 

Overview: This paper investigates the effect of career context (e.g. 

technical, professional, managerial, single- or multi- sectoral), on 

public managers' red tape perceptions. 

Disc. Carolyn Bourdeaux, Georgia State University 

Lada Dunbar, University of Michigan, Dearborn 

Page | 260 

51-12 RETHINKING CONSTITUENCY POLITICS 


Chair David Karol, University of California, Berkeley 

Paper Mugwumps and Goo-Goos: American Democracy and 19th 

Century Anti-Partisanship 

Zachary C. Courser, Claremont McKenna College 

Overview: A study of the development of a Northern anti-partisan 

movement after the Civil War, its anti-democratic origins, and its 

contribution to diminishing political participation in contemporary 

American politics. 

Paper Trade Doesn't Just Happen à Politics Matter 

Mark A. Martinez, California State University, Bakersfield 

Overview: To achieve objectives under the modern liberal state 

private interests organize and use political institutions. Yet, 

notions of laissez-faire continue to dominate our notions of the 

market place. This needs to be reevaluated. 

Paper The Making of the Silent Majority: Nixon, Polling, and 

Constituency Building 

Mark D. Nevin, University of Virginia 

Overview: This paper offers a case study of President Richard 

Nixon’s drive to forge a new social conservative coalition in 1969- 

70 through the strategic use of public opinion polls. 

Paper Eisenhower, Christians, and Fighting the Cold War 

Andrew J. Schlewitz, Albion College 

Overview: This paper exams bottom-up and top-down efforts in 

the 1950s to mobilize American Christians for the Cold War. 

Disc. Eric D. Russell, Ohio State University 


54-1 ANTHROPOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE 

STUDY OF POLITICAL REPRESENTATION AND 

GOVERNANCE 


Chair Myron J. Aronoff, Rutgers University 

Paper The Evolution of the Popular Political Representations in 

Burkina Faso 

Hilgers Mathieu, National Fund for Scientific 

Research/Université Catholique de Louvain Belgium 

Overview: If the formal democracy in Burkina Faso can 

marginalize the institutional political opposition and manages to 

integrate criticism, is it really able to reduce to silence a popular 

opposition which can be seen in everyday life ? 

Paper Biography and Voting in the Elections of 2003 and 2004 in 

Lithuania 

Neringa Klumbyte, University of Pittsburgh 

Overview: The paper explores political communication in the 

elections of 2003, 2004 in Lithuania. It proposes to understand 

voting for the so-called populist candidates and ideas by exploring 

people’s political subjectivities and focusing on their biographies. 

Disc. Myron J. Aronoff, Rutgers University 


RESEARCH IV 


Presenter America's Dead Capital 

(Board 1) 

Sarah N. Friederich, Belmont University 

Overview: When considering the problem of "dead capital" in the 

developing world and "dead labor" in the United States, the 

similarities between the two concepts signifies that legal 

incorporation into the system for excluded individuals solves both 

problems. 

Presenter Email's Effect on Voter Turnout 

(Board 2) 

Brian D. Pitts, Emory University 

Overview: Analysis of a field experiment testing the impact of 

email reminders with hyperlinks on midterm election turnout 

among a population of college freshmen.

Presenter Dimensions of Religosity, the Death Penalty and Public 

Opinion 

(Board 3) 

Joshua T. Matthews, Mount Union College 

Alecia Varner, Mount Union College 

Andrew Hickerson, Mount Union College 

Overview: This paper examines the role religosity plays in public 

opinion - in this case, the death penalty. Using Lam's (2002) 

dimensions of religiosity the death penalty examined through six 

different religious traditions. 

Presenter The Effects of Stereotypes on Perceptions of Latino 

Candidates in the Midwest 

(Board 4) 

Douglas H. Spence, Ohio University 

Overview: Using a survey-based experiment, this study discovers 

several significant stereotypes of Latino candidates in the 

Midwest, and explores their relationship with respondent 

characteristics and their impact on Latino political efficacy. 

Presenter Underreported, Underfinanced, and Unnoticed Humanitarian 

Crises 

(Board 5) 

Jeneca A. Parker, Furman University 

Overview: The purpose is to better understand what factors greatly 

influence public support of foreign aid. The methods I used were 

surveys and a focus group. If we can understand how people 

evaluate crises, we can begin to answer why aid is truly given. 

Presenter Impact of Corruption on Trust in Governmental Institutions 

of East Asia 

(Board 6) 

Mychal A. Voorhees, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville 

Overview: This research examines corruption in East Asia and its 

impact on citizens’ trust in governmental institutions such as 

central and local governments, legal systems, and legislatures. 

Presenter The Impact of Religion and Gender Discrimination on 

Remittance Volume 

(Board 7) 

Jinu M. Koola, Harvard University 

Overview: Broadly speaking, the question that research 

investigates is: What is the differential impact of religion and 

household composition on the remittance volume of Kerala’s 

Hindu, Muslim, and Christian communities? 

Presenter The Historical Use of the Veto in the United Nations Security 

Council 

(Board 8) 

Adam Moore, Northern Kentucky University 

Overview: This paper is an analysis of the use of the veto by the 

five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council 

from 1946 to the present. It will look at trends in global influence 

and alliances, and their affect on voting. 

Presenter Funny Farm: An Assessment of Popular Television Political 

Comedians' Popularity and Influence with Emory University 

Graduate Students on Social Networking Website 

theFacebook.com 

(Board 9) 

Andrea A. Dixon, Emory University 

Overview: The sudden and overwhelming popularity of online 

social networking groups has created a new avenue for 

determining the popularity and influence of public figures. 

Presenter Habermas, Facebook, and Expansion of the Public Sphere 

(Board 10) 

Paul M. Turner, Marshall University 

Overview: This work examines the possibility that Facebook, a 

relative newcomer in the cyberspace community, expands the 

public sphere by allowing new voices to contribute to public 

opinion on social and political issues. 

Presenter America's Secret Court: Problems within the Foreign 

Intelligence Surveillance Court 

(Board 11) 

Ashley K. Farmer, Eastern Kentucky University 

Rachel E. Chambers, Eastern Kentucky University 

Chris A. Eden, Eastern Kentucky University 

Overview: In light of the United States' recently elevated attention 

to terrorism, the business of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance 

Court emerges more prominently in the minds of citizens, 

government leaders and politicians. 

Presenter Fostering Democracy: The Importance of The Founding 

Principle Natural Law 

(Board 12) 

Matthew W. Weber, Bradley University 

Overview: The conditions and practices of both domestic prisons 

and international prison camps in the United States show that 

Natural Law needs to serve as a guiding principle once more in a 

time and a nation in a state of confusion. 

Presenter Optimal Mechanisms for Sustainable Development in China 

and India 

(Board 13) 

Tabitha N. Thomas, University of Mississippi 

Overview: In order to avoid potential environmental and economic 

crises, China and India may embark on the path toward sustained 

development, which can be achieved at the national level through 

changes in institutions, incentives, information, and interests. 

Presenter NAFTA and the Tarahumara: Challenges of Free Trade in 

Developing Nations 

(Board 14) 

Kimberly D. Joki, Alma College 

Overview: NAFTA’s effects on indigenous culture within Mexico 

provides important lessons about the consequences of free trade 

and globalization, including issues concerning maintenance of 

land resources, self-development, the environment and 

discrimination. 

Presenter Governing in the Absence of Enemies: Intelligence Oversight 

1989-2001 

(Board 15) 

Herschel S. Nachlis, Macalester College 

Overview: This paper examines congressional efforts to oversee 

intelligence from the end of the Cold War through September 11, 

2001, and explores how Congress approached each element of the 

intelligence cycle during this transitional period. 

Presenter Managing Conflict: The Preliminary Phases of the 2006 

Minnesota Senate Race 

(Board 16) 

Hans J.G. Hassell, Pomona College 

Overview: While concerned about winning swing voters, a 

campaign’s primary focus at the beginning of the campaign is that 

of gathering and enlarging their base. They do that in three key 

ways: volunteer recruitment, voter identification, and fundraising. 

Presenter Funding, Foley, and Fury: The Democratic Takeover of the 

House 

(Board 17) 

Jaclyn J. Kettler, Baker University 

Jen N. Thierer, Baker University 

Eddie B. Cardona, Baker University 

Overview: Individual issues like Iraq and immigration did not play 

a significant role in the Democratic takeover of the House. 

Instead, scandals, money, and a general desire for change were the 

determining factors in many competitive districts. 

60-1 CASE STUDIES IN LEADERSHIP: 

INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES 


Chair Xiaojun Yan, Harvard University 

Paper Godfatherism, Electoral Politics and Exercise of State Power 

in Nigeria 

I. C. Okoye, University of Awka 

Overview: The reckless manipulation of electoral politics and state 

power by rich politicians in Nigeria negates efforts towards 

democratization and good governance. The phenomenon is 

socially reproduced as a result of the prevailing kleptocracy. 

Paper Bachelet 2006: Continuity or Change? 

Adriela Fernandez, Governors State University 

Overview: This paper seeks to assess the impact of Bachelet's 

election in Chile by examining her first six months in office. 

Interviews will be conducted with students, workers, members of 

the opposition, the government coalition, and the media. 

Page | 261

Paper Closing the Gap between Elites and Society? Regional 

Politicians in Spain 

Xavier Coller, Georgetown University 

Overview: Analysis of the diminishing gap between politicians 

and society in what gender, age, place of birth, studies and 

profession is concerned. Analysis of the case of Spanish regional 

politicians in the democratic period. 

Disc. Xiaojun Yan, Harvard University 

Page | 262

Sunday, April 15 – 8:00 am – 9:35 am 

2-15 NEW PERSPECTIVES ON INTERNATIONAL 

OPENNESS AND WELFARE STATES 

Room Salon 1, 3 rd Floor, Sun at 8:00 am 

Chair Alex Hicks, Emory University 

Paper Economic Volatility, Openness and the Welfare State 

Ian Down, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 

Overview: This paper challenges the standard assumption in much 

of the welfare state and globalization literature that the effects of 

greater openness on the domestic economy are to increase 

domestic economic volatility, and thus insecurity. 

Paper An Agent-Based Model of the Diffusion of Welfare State 

Reforms 

Fabrizio Gilardi, University of Lausanne 

Stephane Luyet, University of Lausanne 

Marek Blaszczyk, University of Lausanne 

Overview: This paper affirms the importance of interdependence 

and diffusion for the study of the welfare state, and develops an 

agent-based model of the diffusion of welfare state reforms that 

sheds light on how policy diffusion processes unfold. 

Paper More Rights, Fewer Pensions? Pension Portability in 

Germany and the EU 

Alexandra Hennessy, Boston University 

Overview: Why does Germany support parts of a single European 

pension market, but not others? I argue that EU mandated 

corporate pension policies jeopardize unfunded book reserve 

pensions, a corner stone of Germany’s comparative institutional 

advantage. 

Paper The Impact of Government Partisanship on Redistribution in 

Open Economies 

Evelyne Huebscher, European University Institute 

Overview: I analyze whether government partisanship still has an 

impact on policies in open economies. Using data from the LIS 

database, I test the influence of partisanship on redistribution in 

general, and on different income categories and economic sectors. 

Disc. Alex Hicks, Emory University 

3-14 ORDER AND DISORDER 


Chair Jennifer Gandhi, Emory University 

Paper Dynastic Succession in Modern Autocracies 

Jason Brownlee, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: This paper tests prevailing theories of dynasticism 

among post-World War II authoritarian regimes. Finding that the 

phenomenon defies standard cultural and developmental variables, 

I propose an alternative explanation that recasts dynastic 

succession. 

Paper Recreating Political Order: Political Parties and Hybrid 

Regimes 

Adrienne LeBas, Michigan State University 

Overview: This paper arguing that the strategies chosen by elites 

to win constituencies and build party organizations during 

democratization shape the structure of politics and the degree of 

political order. 

Paper Why Minorities Don't Rebel: Accounting for the Missing 

Separatists Among the Basques and Kurds 

Benjamin Smith, University of Florida 

Overview: This paper develops a state-focused theory of 

ethnonational conflict and its absence, arguing that differential 

patterns of material state building account for variation in 

separatist mobilization among the Kurds of Iraq, Iran, Syria, and 

Turkey. 

Paper Government Dynamics in Authoritarian Regimes 

Milan Svolik, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Overview: I study a model of authoritarian politics in which the 

joint desire of the dictator and the governing elite to rule is 

complicated by a conflict of interest between them. Two powersharing 

regimes, contested and established dictatorships. 

Disc. Dan Slater, University of Chicago 

Jennifer Gandhi, Emory University 

3-24 THE POLITICS OF ECONOMIC 

LIBERALIZATION 


Chair Heiner Schulz, University of Pennsylvania 

Paper Capital Controls and Openness in Resource-Rich Economies 

Nancy E. Brune, University of Pennsylvania 

Overview: Using original data on financial openness (1970-2004), 

this paper explores the impact of a country’s natural resource 

endowments (and mediating effects of external actors) on the 

variation of financial openness in the developing world. 

Paper The Chinese State and Foreign Capital: Who Controls 

Whom? 

Roselyn Hsueh Romano, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: China's accession to the WTO forced the economic 

liberalization of previously closed industries. An examination of 

the recalibration of government control of FDI across industries 

reveal, however, that reregulation has accompanied economic 

liberalization. 

Paper Globalization and Ethnic Discrimination 

Jason P. Sorens, SUNY, Buffalo 

Overview: Effects of international economic openness on 

discriminatory policies against ethnic minorities, conditional on 

natural resource abundance. 

Disc. Heiner Schulz, University of Pennsylvania 

4-15 PROSPECTS FOR DEMOCRATIZATION IN 

AFRICA 

Room PDR 4, 3 rd Floor, Sun at 8:00 am 

Chair Eric McLaughlin, University of Illinois 

Paper The Authoritarian Past and Democratic Support in Southern 

Africa 

Jason M. Wells, University of Missouri 

Overview: I ask how citizens think about their experiences with 

past authoritarian regimes, relative to their experiences with new 

democratic regimes, and whether these thoughts influence their 

commitment to, or satisfaction with, democracy. 

Paper Patterns of Democratization in Sub-Saharan Africa 

Anna Brigevich, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Overview: This paper examines the process of democratic 

transition in Sub-Saharan African countries, and argues that three 

distinct patterns of democratization and stability have emerged. 

Paper Criminalization of the State and the Crisis of Governance in 

Africa 

Raphael O. Ogom, DePaul University 

Overview: Examines why democracy in Sub-Saharan Africa is 

“widely approved, but everywhere in doubt” and contends that the 

‘criminalization of the state’ is the antithetical cankerworm 

weakening the foundations of democratic consolidation in the subcontinent. 

Paper Democratic Consolidation and Riots in South Africa 

Beth E. Harkavy, Columbia University 

Overview: The following paper examines the increasing number 

or riots that have occurred in South Africa’s townships using 

democratic theory. I use both quantitative and qualitative analysis 

to argue that these riots have occurred because South Africa’s 

democracy has developed in a way that does not adequately link 

citizens to governmental institutions. 

Paper Trust, Social Capital and Democracy in Newly Transitioned 

States: The Role of Civil Society in Kenya 

Henry K. Wambuii, University of Central Missouri 

Greg Streich, University of Central Missouri 

Overview: Using the case of Kenya, we disentangle the causal 

paradox of social capital, trust, and democratization in ethnically 

homogeneous states by examining the role of civil society 

organizations that have emerged to fight against the HIV/AIDS 

pandemic. 

Disc. Eric McLaughlin, University of Illinois 

Page | 263

7-16 CONTROVERSIES IN EU ENLARGEMENT 

Room Sandburg 7, 7 th Floor, Sun at 8:00 am 

Chair David Ellison, Grinnell College 

Paper The Road to EMU: Poland as a Case Study 

Assem M. Dandashly, University of Victoria 

Overview: This paper discusses the situation of Poland and its 

efforts to join EMU with a cost-benefit analysis. It also deals with 

the comparison to Italy’s case which provides significant additions 

to the body of knowledge regarding the reform attempts. 

Paper How EU Admission Decreases Risk in New Members 

Julia Gray, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: This paper tests the claim that joining strong 

institutions regularizes expectations about members' future 

behavior. Using the European Union as a test case, I argue that 

portfolio investors' expectations about countries improve when the 

EU endorses candidates. 

Paper European Union Entrants and ESDP Operations 

Vivien L. Exartier, West Virginia University 

An assessment of the involvement of new member states in ESDP 

operations, based on interviews with security officials validated 

with hard data. 

Paper Double Standards and Back Sliding 

Christian B. Jensen, University of Iowa 

Overview: This paper argues that there is an institutionally driven 

double standard in the EU where prospective members are held to 

increasingly high standards while existing members are allowed to 

“backslide.” 

Paper The Dutch Decision on Turkish Accession: Why? 

Michael Wright, University of Pittsburgh 

Overview: This case study examines the Dutch decision at the 

2004 Brussels Summit to support Turkish accession negotiations. 

Did The Hague follow domestic reasons or preferences shaped by 

the institution of the EU? 

Disc. Erik R. Tillman, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 

8-16 DEMOCRATIZATION AND THE STATE IN LATIN 

AMERICA 


Chair Richard Witmer, Creighton University 

Paper Citizenship under State of Siege: The Legacies of Coalition 

Rule in Colombia 

Luis A. Herran Avila, New School For Social Research 

Overview: A glimpse at Colombian political history may provide 

a good example of how the legacies of a rather eclectic political 

tradition, combined with sociopolitical convulsion, can actually 

become obstacles to the consolidation of citizenship. 

Paper The State and Democratization in Latin America: An 

Empirical Analysis 

Marco Larizza, University of Essex 

Overview: The papers seeks to "Bring the State back into" the 

discussion about the quality of democracy in Latin America. It 

offers an empirical analysis of the relationship between 

constellations of the State apparatus and patterns of violations. 

Paper The State and Transnational Actors in Guatemala: 

Comparative Lessons from an Incomplete Genocide 

Frederick M. Shepherd, Samford University 

Overview: This study will place the Guatemalan genocide in 

comparative perspective by focusing on two distinctly political 

concerns: the weakness of the Guatemalan state, and the strength 

of the transnational and international movement for human rights. 

Paper Bureaucratic Discretion and Democratization in Mexico 

Rodrigo Velazquez, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: Has democratization transformed bureaucracies? By 

analyzing case studies of three federal policies in Mexico between 

1991 and 2006 the paper explains why legislators do not use their 

control capability to make public officials accountable. 

Page | 264 

Paper Property Rights and Democracy: Do They Really Fit? 

Richard C. Witmer, Creighton University 

Erika Moreno, Creighton University 

James Wunsch, Creighton University 

Overview: This paper examines the strength of the relationship 

between regime type and property rights. Using data covering 50 

years, we explore whether democracies or non-democratic regimes 

are the best protectors of property rights. 

Disc. Todd A. Eisenstadt, American University 

Michelle L. Dion, Georgia Institute of Technology 

9-12 THE ROLE OF THE STATE SECTOR IN CHINESE 

REFORM AND DEVELOPMENT 


Chair Edmund J. Malesky, University of California, San Diego 

Paper The Politics of Soft Regulation in China: The Case of 

Automobile Industry 

Yukyung Yeo, University of Maryland, College Park 

Overview: This study explores the politics of regulation in China, 

focusing on the decentralized but strategic auto industry. 

Paper Poverty and Income Disparity in Urban China 

Xia L. Lollar, University of Wisconsin, Whitewater 

Overview: This paper examines the impact of government 

corruption and state monopolized industries on the poverty and 

income disparity in urban China. 

Paper The Political Logic of China's Outward Foreign Direct 

Investment Policy 

Chih-shian Liou, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: This paper argues that instead of security and economic 

considerations, it is the dynamics between domestic interests and 

institutional constraints that drive the Chinese government's 

advocacy of overseas investments. 

Paper Power On or Power Off? The Political Logic of China’s 

Electricity Reform 

Chjng-Min Tsai, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: By examining the dynamics of China’s electricity 

reform, this paper reviews the relationship between the Chinese 

state and its central state-owned enterprises and the development 

of state regulatory structure in an industry with a monopoly 

position. 

Disc. Edmund J. Malesky, University of California, San Diego 

Yufan Hao, University of Macau 

11-5 U.S. POLICY IN THE MIDDLE EAST 


Chair Ahmed A. Salem, Zayed University 

Paper The Global Impact of U.S. Foreign Policy on Political Islam 

Muqtedar Khan, University of Delaware 

Overview: I find that as a response to U.S. foreign policies, the 

Islamic movements in general [except Jihadis] have shown great 

adaptability and pragmatism. They have started power sharing, 

leaned more towards moderation and embraced democratization. 

Paper Iraq and the Future of Persian Gulf Security 

Ali R. Abootalebi, University of Wisconsin, Eau Claire 

Overview: The future of Iraq is intertwined with the future of the 

Persian Gulf security concerns. Short of instability and a 

permanent, costly American presence, Iran is the likely candidate 

to fill in the void. 

Paper Pushing the Two States: The Role of the Arab Lobby 


Overview: This paper looks at the historic role of the Arab lobby 

toward the two state solution in American foreign policy. 

Paper The War on Terror and Neo-Liberal Reforms: Policy 

Disconnect? 

David M. Schwam-Baird, University of North Florida 

Overview: This paper will examine the disconnect between 

Western policies meant to combat terrorism, and policies 

promoting market-led growth, which ignore the success of jihadist 

organizations in providing social services in the absence of 

government action. 

Disc. Zohreh Ghavamshahidi, University of Wisconsin, Whitewater

13-9 POST-COMMUNIST POLITICAL ECONOMY 

Room Parlor H, 6 th Floor, Sun at 8:00 am 

Chair Aleksandra J. Sznajder, Columbia University 

Paper Reputation and the Rule of Law in Russia: A Survey 

Timothy M. Frye, Columbia University 

Overview: A survey-based experiment conducted in Russia in 

2005 that indicates that good courts and a good reputation are 

substitutes rather than complements. 

Paper Financial Windfalls and Social Spending in the Post-Soviet 

Countries 

Sarah E. Wilson, Ohio State University 

Quintin Beazer, Ohio State University 

Overview: How do governments use financial windfalls? Using 

the post-Soviet cases, we investigate how sudden changes in state 

revenue affect the provision of social programs in countries with 

varying degrees of democracy. 

Paper Illiberal Regime Crises and Economic Elites: Azerbaijan, 

Georgia and Serbia 

John A. Gould, Colorado College 

Carl L. Sickner, Colorado College 

Overview: During illiberal regime crises economic elites may 

switch allegiances from the regime to an opposition promising to 

build the basic institutions of a market democracy. This paper 

examines illiberal regime crises in Serbia, Georgia and 

Azerbaijan. 

Paper Bankers Alliances and Exchange Rate Policies in Transition 

Economies 

Jana Grittersova, Cornell University 

Overview: What are the main determinants of exchange rate 

choices? What are the structures and institutions that sustain 

exchange rate policy of fixed regimes? This paper examines the 

political determinants of the “actual” choice and sustainability of 

exchange rate. 

Paper Flexibility and Credibility: Myth of Foreign Direct Investment 

in China 

Yu Zheng, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: I argue that China attracts FDI not despite its political 

institutions, but partly because of them. The authoritarian regime 

gave political elites the independence to initiate pro-capital 

reforms that quickly improved the investment environment. 

Disc. Stanislav Markus, Harvard University 

Carol S. Leff, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

14-12 TRADE, DEMOCRACY AND CONFLICT 


Chair Sean D. Ehrlich, Florida State University 

Paper Does Democracy Promote Trade? Not Really 

Christopher Balding, University of California, Irvine 

Overview: There is a wealth of research on the impact of trade on 

democracy and more specifically its impact on peace and 

institution building. Many have taken this as an implicit belief 

therefore that democracy promotes trade in spite of any systematic 

study. 

Paper Who Are Participants in Trade Conflicts? International and 

Domestic Explanations of Trade Conflict Dyads 

Jeffrey Drope, University of Miami 

Wendy Hansen, University of New Mexico 

Overview: Using trade conflicts as a measure of openness, we find 

that regime type, characteristics of the involved industries and 

larger geopolitical considerations most condition the nature of 

formal trade conflicts. 

Paper Trade Barriers and International Conflict 

Patrick T. McEachern, Louisiana State University 

Overview: Krasner’s index of trade “openness,” based upon tariff 

levels, is often used to measure trade barriers. My measure 

includes tariffs and non-tariff barriers. I use it to test the theory 

that excluding foreign competition increases international conflict. 

Paper Can We Trade Tyrannies for Democracy? An Empirical 

Analysis 

Jessica Xu, Yale University 

Overview: Drawing upon a large panel data set covering 173 

countries from 1950 to 2002, this paper examines the effect of 

foreign trade on the chances of democratic arrival by using both 

dynamic binary response models and the Cox duration model. 

Paper For Whom Does Democracy Free Trade? 

Daniel Y. Kono, University of California, Davis 

Overview: Democracy leads to trade liberalization with some 

trading partners but increased protection against others. 

Disc. Sean D. Ehrlich, Florida State University 

15-15 THE DOMESTIC CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES 

OF EXTERNAL INTERVENTIONS 


Chair Terrence L. Chapman, Emory University 

Paper Why Do Failed States Recover? 

Desha M. Girod, Stanford University 

Overview: Failed states recover when their leaders have an 

incentive to use multilateral aid well. Leaders have this incentive 

when they are resource-poor, when their only alternative is to look 

to multilateral donors offering aid in exchange for reform. 

Paper Military Occupations and the Quality of Governance -- 1945- 

2000 

Carmela Lutmar, Princeton University 

Overview: The purpose of this paper is to investigate empirically 

the quality of governments that emerge once foreign military 

occupations end in a large cross-section of countries in the post- 

1945 period. 

Paper Liberal Imperialism in the Age of Globalization 

Leonid Kil, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: This article focuses on the sources of Russia's foreign 

economic policy towards its "Near Abroad." It places the politics 

of regionalization in the ex-Soviet space within the broader 

context of incorporation of the whole zone into the world market. 

Disc. Terrence L. Chapman, Emory University 

17-15 THE CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF 

INTERVENTION 

Room Sandburg 8, 7 th Floor,. Sun at 8:00 am 

Chair Stephen Gent, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Paper Who Recovers? International Intervention in Civil Wars and 

Post-War Economic Growth 

Yael Zeira, New York University 

Overview: I study the relationship between international 

intervention in civil wars and post-war economic growth. I find 

robust empirical evidence that international intervention in civil 

wars increases the average post-war rate of economic growth. 

Paper Third Party Intervention and Outcomes in Interstate Conflicts 

Renato Corbetta, University of Alabama, Birmingham 

Regina Branton, Rice University 

Overview: The paper tests propositions about the strategic 

behavior of joiners by exploring whether third party intervention 

affects the outcome on interstate disputes. 

Paper Civil War, Contagion, and Intervention 

Jacob D. Kathman, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Overview: This paper considers the war contagion predictors of 

intervention in civil wars. The results indicate that as the risk of 

diffusion rise to an increasingly salient region, the likelihood that 

a third party will intervene also increases. 

Paper Choosing Demands: An Empirical Test of Intervention and 

Endogenous Demands 

Amy T. Yuen, Emory University 

Overview: This paper identifies and tests some important factors 

that affect how demands are chosen strategically in the shadow of 

intervention. 

Disc. Brandon G. Valeriano, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Page | 265

19-12 DEVELOPMENT LENDING 

Room Clark 10, 7 th Floor, Sun at 8:00 am 

Chair Douglas M. Stinnett, University of Georgia 

Paper The Sources of Islamic Development Bank Lending: IOs and 

States as Norm Diffusers 

Christopher B. O'Keefe, Brigham Young University 

Daniel L. Nielson, Brigham Young University 

Overview: We explore the proposition that changes in loan 

patterns derive from global norms diffused across international 

organizations. IOs attempt to diffuse norms instrumentally, using 

materialist and social mechanisms. 

Paper The Determinants of Giving Explaining Patterns of Lending 

to NGOs 

Michael A. Pisa, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: Why do some NGOs receive more donations than 

others? In this paper, I examine the patterns of U.S. private 

lending and find that an NGO's experience, size, and history of 

efficient spending play an important role in attracting private 

donations. 

Paper The Determinants of U.S. Votes in the Multilateral 

Development Banks 

Jonathan R. Strand, University of Nevada, Las Vegas 

Overview: This paper uses a tobit model to determine the 

economic and political determinants of American votes in the 

multilateral development banks since 2004. 

Disc. Douglas M. Stinnett, University of Georgia 

21-13 THE POLITICAL CONSEQUENCES OF RACIAL 

STEREOTYPES 


Chair Fred Slocum, Minnesota State University, Mankato 

Paper Norm Violation and Race: A Functional Brain Imaging Study 

Darren M. Schreiber, University of California, San Diego 

Marco Iacoboni, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: This paper uses functional brain imaging (fMRI) to 

explore the neural substrates underlying racial attitudes and norm 

violation. 

Paper Implicit Measures, Explicit Choices: Subliminal Priming and 

Candidate Choice 

Cindy D. Kam, University of California, Davis 

Overview: The paper discusses the results from three experiments, 

conducted in 2004-2006. I measure group attitudes using a 

subliminal priming task. I identify the the impact of implicit 

measures of racial and ethnic group attitudes on candidate choice. 

Paper Political Consequences of Phenotyping in the US and Mexico 

Rosario Aguilar-Pariente, University of Michigan 

Overview: The paper explores, through experiments in labcontrolled 

environments, the effect of phenotyping (as the action 

of discriminating because of a person’s phenotypes) on the 

evaluation of electoral candidates among Mexicans and Mexican 

Americans. 

Disc. Christopher M. Federico, University of Minnesota 

22-13 ISSUES IN ELECTION ADMINISTRATION 


Chair Quin Monson, Brigham Young University 

Paper Embracing Change at the Polls: Election Administrators and 

the Provisional Ballot in 2004 

Timothy Vercellotti, Rutgers University 

Overview: Using data from a national survey of 400 election 

administrators at the county and municipal levels, I find that 

officials in states that used provisional ballots for the first time in 

2004 were less enthusiastic about implementing provisonal voting. 

Paper Timing Effects of Voter Registration 


Overview: I analyze the timing of new voter registration 

applications to develop a profile of persons likely to be aided by 

Election Day Registration. 

Page | 266 

Paper The Attraction of Working from 6:00 am to 9:30 pm for a 

Fraction of Minimum Wage: Poll Workers and Their 

Motivation to Serve 

Karin Mac Donald, University of California, Berkeley 

Bonnie E. Glaser, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: We conduct an empirical investigation of poll worker 

demographics and their motivation to serve on Election Day, and 

draw conclusions about the quality and stability of this type of 

political participation. 

Paper Election Administration Six Years After Florida 

David C. Kimball, University of Missouri, St Louis 

Martha Kropf, University of North Carolina, Charlotte 

Overview: We examine the impact of a local official's partisanship 

on residual votes nationwide. Since local officials have some 

discretion to implement elections, partisan officials may work to 

reduce residual votes in their jurisdiction. 

Paper Linking Election Management with Election Outcomes 

Thad Hall, University of Utah 

Overview: This paper examines how public management affects 

key election outcomes. Using Georgia and Texas, we consider 

how election management - the average number of poll workers 

per polling places and the average amount of precinct 

consolidation. 

Disc. Michael P. McDonald, George Mason University 

Martha Kropf, University of North Carolina, Charlotte 

23-11 MINORITY MOBILIZATION IN CAMPAIGNS 


Chair Eric McDaniel, University of Texas, Austin 

Paper Campaign Mobilization and Voting Behavior of Asian 

Americans 

Taofang Huang, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: The population of Asian American is rapidly growing. 

Understanding their voting behavior will help political elites to 

face this emerging force. This paper attempts to clarify the 

relationships among conditions and voting behavior of Asian 

Americans. 

Paper Getting Out the Vote: Mobilization in U.S. Elections 

Daniel Stevens, Hartwick College 

Overview: This paper examines biases in partisan and nonpartisan 

mobilization efforts. I show that racial and ethnic 

minority voters are both less likely to be contacted by the major 

parties and, even when they are, to be contacted face-to-face. 

Paper Changes in the Effects of Personal Contact Campaigns on 

Participation Inequality 

Peter W. Wielhouwer, Western Michigan University 

Overview: Using the 1956-60 and 2000-04 ANES panel studies, I 

assess whether the effects of personal contact campaigning (1) 

have changed over time and (2) vary across socioeconomic strata. 

Disc. Ernest McGowen, University of Texas, Austin 

25-15 ADVANCES IN UNDERSTANDING RACE, 

GENDER AND PUBLIC OPINION 


Chair Jack Citrin, University of California, Berkeley 

Paper Marriage, Work, Race, and the Politics of Parenthood 

Steven Greene, North Carolina State University 

Laurel Elder, Hartwick College 

Overview: This paper explores how marriage, race, work, and 

gender interact with parental status to shape political attitudes and 

voting behavior. We examine how these factors affect men and 

women differently across a variety of issue domains. 

Paper Gender Imagery and the Evaluation of Political Leaders 

Nicholas J. G. Winter, University of Virginia 

Overview: This paper explores citizens' reactions to gendered 

campaign imagery. I argue that this sort of imagery manifests 

itself not as a gender gap, but rather in a polarization between 

gender traditionalists--both male and female--and gender 

egalitarians.

Paper Activating, Mobilizing Race and Gender 

Nancy Burns, University of Michigan 

Donald R. Kinder, University of Michigan 

Overview: We compare the activation for public opinion and the 

mobilization for political action of gender and race during the 

2006 campaigns, drawing on the natural experiments offered up 

by differing political contexts. 

Paper A Closer Look at Intergenerational Political Change 

M. Kent Jennings, University of California, Santa Barbara 

Laura Stoker, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: We evaluate three explanations for the emergence of 

generational differences in attitudes on race, gender, and 

tolerance: new political contexts that especially affect the young, 

generational changes in the level of proximate causal factors, and 

asymmetric. 

Disc. Jack Citrin, University of California, Berkeley 

Erin E. O'Brien, Kent State University 

26-15 YOUTH PARTICIPATION IN POLITICS 


Chair Paul Howe, University of New Brunswick 

Paper Young Voter Turnout: The Impact of Education Quality and 

Turnout Rates 

Cassie A. Gross, University of Missouri, St. Louis 

Overview: It is clear that education levels affect voter turnout. 

This paper addresses to what degree, if any, the quality of 

education plays in the political socialization of young voters. 

Paper Growing Up Fast: Simulating Youth Participation in 


Matthew B. Incantalupo, University of Miami 

Overview: This paper employs Clarify simulations to gauge the 

effects of several independent variables on the predicted levels of 

political participation for voters under the age of 25. It finds that 

increasing resources stimulates youth civic participation. 

Paper How Much Declining Youth Turnout in America is Due to 

Immigration? 

Zachary F. Cook, DePaul University 

Overview: Using different surveys, I estimate how much of the 

decline in American under-30 turnout may be due to a greater 

Hispanic percentage in recent generations. 

Paper Addressing Participation Woes by Strengthening Youth Party 

Identification 

J. Cherie Strachan, Central Michigan University 

Christopher T. Owens, Central Michigan University 

Overview: This work draws on research outlining changes in the 

behavior of American party elites, as well as theories of 

persuasion, to develop a civic education intervention tailored to 

meet the needs of America’s current cohort of 18-25 year olds. 

Disc. Paul Howe, University of New Brunswick 

Jon K. Dalager, Georgetown College 

27-16 CITIZENSHIP AND ENGAGEMENT 


Chair Stephen Bennett, University of Southern Indiana 

Paper Critical Media Literacy as the Potential of Democratic Media 

Activism 

Gooyong Kim, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: This paper examines how critical media literacy can 

empower individuals to be active citizens of the information 

society. 

Paper Broadband for All? A Consensus Conference 

Christopher F. Karpowitz, Brigham Young University 

Chad Raphael, Santa Clara University 

Allen Hammond, Santa Clara University 

Overview: This paper reports the results of one innovative attempt 

to promote civic engagement and democratic deliberation about 

the topic of municipal broadband policy and the digital divide. 

Paper Young Americans' Attention to Media Accounts of Politics 

Stephen E. Bennett, University of Southern Indiana 

Staci L. Rhine, Wittenberg University 

Richard S. Flickinger, Wittenberg University 

Overview: Data from polls conducted for the "Times Mirror"/Pew 

Research Center show young people are turning away from media 

coverage of politics. We explore the causes and consequences of 

this phenomenon. 

Disc. John W. Maynor, Middle Tennessee State University 

28-14 POST-COMMUNISM MEETS GLOBALIZATION: 

TRANSNATIONAL DIMENSIONS OF GENDER 

POLITICS IN EURASIA 


Chair Linda Racioppi, Michigan State University 

Paper Transnational Dimensions of Gender Politics in Post- 

Communist Eurasia: Theoretical Considerations 

Linda Racioppi, Michigan State University 

Katherine O'Sullivan, Michigan State University 

Overview: This paper offers an analytic framework for theorizing 

the interplay between transnational movements and organizations 

and local women's mobilization for gender equality. 

Paper Islam, Women's Agency and Community Politics in Tajikistan 

Zulaikho Usmanova, Khujand State University 

Overview: Drawing on extensive ethnographic fieldwork done in 

Khujand area of Tajikistan, this paper examines the interface 

between transnational Islamic community formations and local 

community gender politics. 

Paper The European Union and Gender Politics in Central and 

Eastern Europe 

Amanda Sloat, National Democratic Institute 

Overview: Based on data from an EU funded research project on 

women's participation in public life in ten CEE countries, this 

paper examines the effect of EI accession on women's status in 

Central and Eastern Europe. 

Paper Trafficking from the Former Soviet Union to Turkey for the 

Purposes of Sexual Exploitation 

Onder Karakus, Michigan State University 

Overview: Based on official statements made by trafficked victims 

and migrant sex workers now in Turkey, the paper identifies the 

problems that women in the former Soviet Union faced that lead 

to their marginalization and victimization. 

Disc. Linda Racioppi, Michigan State University 

30-7 ARISTOTLE 

Room Dearborn 1, 7 th Floor, Sun at 8:00 am 

Chair Vittorio G. Hosle, University of Notre Dame 

Paper The Division of Regimes in Aristotle and the Eleatic Stranger 

Kevin M. Cherry, University of Notre Dame 

Overview: In Book IV, Aristotle critiques Plato's Eleatic Stranger 

for his division of regimes. I argue that Aristotle's analysis offers 

a solution to what the Eleatic takes to be the fundamental problem 

of political life. 

Paper How Aristotle's Understanding of Time Informs His Account 

of Human Action and Happiness 

Daniel DiLeo, Pennsylvania State University, Altoona 

Overview: An investigation of the implications of Aristotle's 

understanding of time as enunciated in Physics IV, Chapters 10-14 

for his theory of action as stated in De Anima and human conduct, 

as presented in Nicomachean Ethics. 

Paper Social Services, Population Control, and Individual 

Responsibility: Aristotle and the Problem of Poverty 

Sharon K. Vaughan, Morehouse College 

Overview: I argue that Aristotle's treatment of poverty is 

innovative and sensible because he realizes that no one can live a 

decent or happy life without meeting certain needs. Contrary to 

Samuel Fleishcacker's thesis, I show that the idea of redistributive 

justice. 

Disc. Emily C. Nacol, University of Chicago 

32-15 RELIGION AND POLITICAL THEORY 

Room LaSalle 1, 7 th Floor, Sun at 8:00 am 

Chair Paul R. DeHart, Lee University 

Paper Transformations in the Family Values Spin: The Christian 

Right’s Turn Toward Public Reason 

Nathaniel J. Klemp, Princeton University 

Overview: This essay outlines a gradual shift in the rhetoric of the 

Christian right toward more public political arguments and 

Page | 267

explores the implications that this shift holds for Rawls’ theory of 

public reason. 

Paper The Role of Reason and Faith for Jefferson and Locke 

Ted Ritter, Furman University 

Overview: This paper analyzes the role of faith and reason in the 

philosphies of Jefferson and Locke. 

Paper The Twilight of Probability: Locke, Bayle and the Toleration 

of Atheists 

Alex Schulman, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: An examination of the contradictory attitudes of 

political philosophers John Locke and Pierre Bayle about the 

toleration of atheists, especially as this relates to shifting attitudes 

in the early Enlightenment toward the limits of knowledge and 

reason. 

Paper In Strauss’ Athens, An Old City of Jerusalem 

Gregory S. Weiner, Georgetown University 

Overview: Leo Strauss insisted that “philosophy is radically 

independent of faith,” with faith defined as reliance on an 

unevident premise. But Natural Right and History is based on 

such a premise: Strauss’ faith that the problem of natural right is 

solvable. 

Disc. David J. Lorenzo, Virginia Wesleyan College 

33-13 DOES EQUALITY REQUIRE EQUAL 

TREATMENT? 


Chair Peter M. Lindsay, Georgia State University 

Paper In Pursuit of Political Equality: Selection of Legislators by 

Lottery 

Joel M. Parker, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: Political equality is impossible when selection of 

representatives is conducted by election. Accordingly, I propose a 

unicameral legislative branch, selected at random from the entire 

adult citizenry. 

Paper Can Deliberative Democracy Overcome Inequalities in 

Epistemological Authority? 

Jason L. Pierce, University of Dayton 

Overview: Critics of deliberative democracy argue that 

inequalities in epistemological authority plague deliberations. 

This paper presents data showing that rules can be imposed to 

overcome this hurdle and to foster more effective deliberation. 

Disc. Peter M. Lindsay, Georgia State University 

34-11 LEGISLATIVE POLITICS 


Chair Keith L. Dougherty, University of Georgia 

Paper A Dynamic Model of Legislative Bargaining 

Tasos Kalandrakis, University of Rochester 

John Duggan, University of Rochester 

Overview: We prove existence of stationary Markov perfect 

equilibria in an infinite-horizon model of legislative bargaining in 

which the policy outcome in one period determines the status quo 

in the next. 

Paper Political Representation Under Alternative Electoral Systems 

Seok-ju Cho, Yale University 

Insun Kang, Duke University 

Overview: We compare political representation under the 

proportional representation system and the single member district 

system by developing formal models of elections and legislative 

votes. 

Paper Sequential Committees 

Matias Iaryczower, California Institute of Technology 

Overview: A fairly common collective decision-making 

mechanism requires the sequential approval of several 

committees: a proposal is pitted against the status quo in one 

committee, and only upon its approval advances for consideration 

in a second committee. 

Page | 268 

Paper Legislative Preferences Over Agendas 

David Epstein, Columbia University 

Sharyn O'Halloran, Columbia University 

Michael Ting, Columbia University 

Overview: We construct a theory of legislative preferences over 

agendas in a unidimensional policyspace. 

Disc. Randall Calvert, Washington University, St. Louis 

37-12 POLITICAL PARTIES: A EUROPEAN 

PERSPECTIVE (Co-sponsored with European Politics, 

see 7-17) 


Chair Riccardo Pelizzo, Singapore Management University 

Paper Measuring and Explaining Public Funding for Parties in 

Eastern Europe 

Tatiana Kostadinova, Florida International University 

Denitza Bojinova, University of Houston 

Overview: Why do countries have different regimes of state 

involvement in political party finance? The paper constructs an 

index-measure of public funding of parties and tests a causal 

model of its determinants with data from Eastern Europe. 

Paper Motivations of Party-Based Euro-Skepticism in Eastern 

Europe 

Nicholas J. Clark, Indiana University 

Rebekah Tromble, Indiana University 

Overview: This paper examines Euro-skepticism in Eastern 

European political parties. While the literature generally argues 

for either strategic considerations or ideology, this paper finds that 

both variables motivate positions on the European Union. 

Paper Assessing the Consequences of Extreme Parties in Western 

Europe 

Jason M. Smith, Texas A&M University 

Overview: This paper examines the effects of extreme parties on 

the party systems of Western Europe. More specifically, it is 

argued that the success of extreme parties on both sides of the 

political spectrum have affected both the number of viable parties. 

.Paper Candidate Prestige and Voting Behavior in European 

Parliament Elections 

Bjorn Hoyland, University of Oslo 

Sara Hobolt, University of Oxford 

Overview: This paper investigates the link between costly 

campaign effort, electoral behavior and candidate activity in 

European Parliament elections. 

Disc. Riccardo Pelizzo, Singapore Management University 

39-12 SPECIAL RULES IN THE HOUSE: CONTENT AND 

CONSEQUENCES 

Room Montrose 1, 7 th Floor, Sun at 8:00 am 

Chair Gisela Sin, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Paper The Consequences of Legislative Rules Restricting Floor 

Debate 

Scott Cody, St. Louis Community College, Meramec 

Overview: Using derivations of Krehbiel’s pivotal politics model, 

different types of cloture rules are compared to determine their 

effects on legislative outcomes. Empirical analysis is conducted 

using data from state senates. 

Paper Iron Fist or Velvet Glove? An Over-Time Analysis of Rules in 

the U.S. House 

J. Mark Wrighton, University of New Hampshire 

John E. Owens, University of Westminster 

Overview: This paper seeks to explain variations over time in 

House rules restrictiveness. Using data from the 79th to 105th 

Congresses, it assesses the impact of effective majority size, party 

cohesiveness, and ideological distance from the chamber mean. 

Paper Transparency of Congress: Important Legislation Hidden in 

Procedural Votes 

Milena I. Neshkova, Indiana University 

Evan J. Ringquist, Indiana University 

Overview: We assess transparency of Congress in six different 

policy areas by examining how often and under what conditions 

significant legislation (key votes identified by interest groups) 

appear in form of procedural votes, breaking traceability chain.

Disc. Gisela Sin, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 


39-23 THE EFFECTS OF INSTITUTIONS AND RULES ON 

STATE AND LOCAL POLITICS 


Chair James S. Battista, University of North Texas 

Paper The Effect of Local Initiatives on Government Spending 

David M. Primo, University of Rochester 

Overview: I explore formally and empirically whether cities and 

other local governments permitting initiatives generate 

systematically different spending patterns compared with those 

areas where residents are not permitted to vote on policy matters 

directly. 

Paper Amateurs, Professionals, and Policymaking in State 

Legislatures: What Shapes the Supply of Legislative 

Demands? 

Thad B. Kousser, University of California, San Diego 

Gerald Gamm, University of Rochester 

Overview: We examine the relationship between careerism and 

policymaking: Do those with shorter or part-time careers focus 

more on providing targeted benefits for their districts, or does a 

weaker electoral connection free them to pursue the common 

good? 

Paper Toward an Ambition Theory of Legislative Organization 

Gregory Robinson, Michigan State University 

Overview: This paper presents a theory that views Mayhew's 

electoral connection as a special case of ambition theory, arguing 

that the relative importance of different types of political ambition 

is conditional on electoral context. 

Paper The Impact of Immigrants on Apportionment of State 

Legislatures 

Francisco I. Pedraza, University of Washington 

Overview: This paper explores the consequences of the 

apportionment formula and definitions of apportionment 

population on seat allocation of state legislatures. 

Paper Krehbiel’s Pivotal Politics Model Tested in the North Carolina 

State Senate 

Carolyn A. Hanaway-Benjamin, North Carolina State 

University 

Overview: Krehbiel claims that the presidential veto is responsible 

for the larger than minimum-majority winning coalitions. This 

study uses data from the North Carolina State Senate to examine 

the importance of the veto and coalition size. 

Disc. David M. Primo, University of Rochester 

James S. Battista, University of North Texas 

41-14 COURTS AND PUBLIC OPINION I: MEDIA 

COVERAGE AND ISSUE ATTITUDES 

Room Burnham 1, 7 th Floor, Sun at 8:00 am 

Chair Rorie L. Solberg, Oregon State University 

Paper Understanding the Relationship Between Issue Salience and 

Public Opinion Change 

Danette Brickman, City University of New York 

Belinda Bragg, Rowan University 

Overview: In an experimental design we examine the ability of the 

Supreme Court to bring about attitude change on salient and nonsalient 

issues. We find that attitude change is less likely on issues 

that tap core beliefs and are personally important. 

Paper All the News That’s Fit to Print? Case Salience and The New 

York Times 

Jennifer A. Cooper, Emory University 

Overview: Epstein and Segal’s popular measure of issue salience 

in U.S. Supreme Court cases focuses on front-page coverage of 

the cases in The New York Times. I identify and evaluate a 

potential source of bias in this measure. 

Paper Tilting at Windmills 

Maxwell H. Mak, Stony Brook University 

Andrew O'Geen, Stony Brook University 

Overview: This paper seeks to accurately test the influence of 

public opinion on Supreme Court decision-making by utilizing a 

new measure that accounts for the dimension of public sentiment 

most likely to affect judicial preferences. 

Paper The Effect of Understanding Webster and Stanford on Public 

Opinion 

Michael Unger, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: This paper investigates the effect of understanding 

Webster v. Reproductive Services and Stanford v. Kentucky on 

abortion and death penalty attitudes. I also compare the effect of 

receiving the Court’s message to that of other political elites. 

Paper Full Court Press: An Examination of Media Coverage of State 

Supreme Courts 

Alixandra B. Yanus, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Overview: This paper examines how a variety of characteristics 

affect news coverage of state supreme courts. I find that case facts 

are important determinants of news coverage, but their effects 

vary over institutional structures and political environments. 

Disc. Joseph D. Ura, Louisiana State University 

Stephanie A. Maruska, Ohio State University 

42-10 CONSTITUTIONAL MOMENTS, 

UNENUMERATED RIGHTS AND THE SHAPE OF 

JUDICIAL POWER 


Chair Francis J. Carleton, University of Wisconsin, Green Bay 

Paper Explaining Both Sides of the Rehquist Court's Federalism 

Agenda 

Bradley W. Joondeph, Santa Clara University 

Overview: Using a regime politics approach, this paper seeks to 

explain the apparently inconsistent commitments to state 

autonomy latent in the voting records of the five justices who were 

responsible for the Rehnquist Court’s “federalism revolution.” 

Paper Consensus-Building Judicial Review and the Counter- 

Majoritarian Difficulty 

David A. Lewis, Frostburg State University 

Overview: I develop criteria to determine when the protection of 

unenumerated constitutional rights may be characterized as 

consensus-building. I argue that most of the Court's "substantive 

due process" decisions are reconcilable with democratic norms. 

Paper Judicial 'Piggy-Backing': A Political Regimes Approach to 

Judicial Power 

Curtis W. Nichols, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: A political regimes approach is used to explore and 

model the conditions which favor the growth of judicial power in 

the United States. Court affiliation and regime resiliency are 

found to contribute most significantly to judicial 'piggy-backing.' 

Paper Shaking Off the Shackles of Lochner: The New Extra- 

Constitutionalism 

Gwen Torges, Indiana University of Pennsylvania 

Overview: Lawrence v. Texas signifies a new era in which the 

Court has at last overcome the fear of Lochner-era criticisms, and 

has embraced an extra-constitutional philosophy (a Millsian “noharm” 

approach) to guide and shape its exercise of judicial review. 

Paper Alexander Bickel's Misinterpretation of James Bradley 

Thayer's Standard 

Jeffrey H. Anderson, United States Air Force Academy 

Overview: In an early Harvard Law Review, James Bradley 

Thayer attempted to elucidate the appropriate standard for 

exercising judicial review. His fine standard merits rediscovery 

but must first be disintangled from its misinterpretation by 

Alexander Bickel. 

Disc. Dennis J. Goldford, Drake University 

45-10 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT POLICY 


Chair Moon-Gi Jeong, University of Texas, San Antonio 

Paper Economic Development and Ethics: The Role of the Justice 

Principles of Urban Officials 

Paul D. Schumaker, University of Kansas 

Marisa S. Kelly, St. Thomas University 

Overview: This paper explores the ethical principles that elected 

officials in 12 cities bring to bear on economic development 

issues, the extent to which various principles are reflected in their 

positions on economic development proposals. 

Page | 269

Paper Saving Downtown Fargo and Moorhead: The Urban Regimes 

of Midwestern Cities 

Nicholas G. Bauroth, North Dakota State University 

Overview: The downtowns of Fargo, ND and Moorhead, MN face 

similar issues. While Fargo encouraged development with 

subsidies, Moorhead tried historical preservation. Fargo’s plans 

were rejected by its voters. These results are studied using regime 

theory. 

Paper Urban Redevelopment: Cooperation and Conflict in 

Brownfield Redevelopment 

Dorothy M. Daley, University of Kansas 

Overview: The paper examines the structure and density of 

cooperative and conflict laden networks among local level 

decision makers who work in Brownfield redevelopment. 

Paper Regimes, Agendas, and Strategic Rhetoric in Seattle’s Sports 

Stadium Debate 

Joshua Sapotichne, University of Washington 

Overview: Through content analysis of elite communications in 

editorial and op-ed articles and interviews, this paper looks at two 

Seattle sports stadium initiative campaigns to analyze specific 

rhetorical strategies employed by pro- and antistadium interests. 

Disc. Moon-Gi Jeong, University of Texas, San Antonio 

50-16 DETERMINANTS OF POLICY IMPLEMENTATION 


Chair Susan W. Yackee, University of Southern California 

Paper Election Administration Bodies and Implementation Tools 

Vassia Gueorguieva, American University 

Overview: Policy implementation tools available to the Election 

Assistance Commission and the Federal Election Commission and 

their compatibility with agency structure and target population as 

well as effectiveness for achieving statutory goals. 

Paper Street-Level Bureaucrats’ Professional Norms: Testing 

Competing Hypotheses 

Amy E. Lerman, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: Using original data on 6,000 Correctional Officers, I 

test competing hypotheses about street-level bureaucrats’ 

professional norms: Do individual (e.g. tenure) or institutional 

(e.g. resources) characteristics determine support for 

rehabilitation? 

Paper Creating Jobs, Creating Wealth: How Did the Experts 

Overlook the Obvious? 

Rose Makano, University of Missouri, St. Louis 

Overview: This paper explores the nexus between public 

administration and policy implementation on natural resource 

management in a developing nation. It discusses how and why 

government policy initiatives failed to alleviate poverty through 

forestry. 

Paper Discretion Revisited: Explaining the Influences on Perceptions 

of Rules and Judgment at the Street-Level 

Zachary Oberfield, University of Wisconsin, Madison 

Overview: What influences perceptions of discretion at 

government’s frontlines? Contrary to work in the street-level 

bureaucracy literature, this paper finds that two state-level factors 

appear to be more substantively influential than management 

factors. 

Paper Corruption and Policy Implementation in the Philippine 

Department of Education 

Vicente C. Reyes, Centre for Research in Pedagogy and 


Overview: In the pursuit of the Philippines to achieve 

development, corruption has been a perennial obstacle. This paper 

addresses political scientists and area studies specialists interested 

in comprehending implementation within a setting of widespread 

corruption. 

Disc. Susan Yackee, University of Southern California 

Page | 270 

53-10 ISLAM AND DEMOCRACY 


Chair Marcie Patton, Fairfield University 

Paper Liberal Democracy and Islam: An Analysis of a Conflicting 

Cultural Reality 

Aluko S. Folorunso, Adekunle Ajasin University 

Overview: This paper analyses the crises attendant on the clash 

between liberal democracy and Islam and how the contradictions 

generated have fueled the growth of Islam an its petulance and 

resistance in the last two decades. 

Paper Does Civil Society Create Democracy: the State, CSOs, and 

Villagers in Rural Indonesia 

Takeshi Ito, Yale University 

Overview: This paper explains the manifestation of local 

strongmen in post-Suharto Indonesia. It shows that local 

strongmen have emerged in the local process of democratization 

owing to their close links to the state rather than complete 

separation from it. 

Paper Religious Extremism and De-secularization of State: Role of 

Urban Civil Society in Bangladesh 

Shantanu Majumder, University of London 

Overview: Despite the limitations in understanding modernity and 

secularism, the Urban Civil Society (UCS) in Bangladesh with its 

intellectual quality and organizational ability is the only visible 

force that can fight the growth of religious orthodoxy. 

Disc. Marcie Patton, Fairfield University 

58-2 POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY AND PHILOSOPHIC 

HISTORIANS 


Chair Robert Phillips, Wheeling Jesuit University 

Paper Socratic Political History: Xenophon’s Response to 

Thucydides 

Bernard J. Dobski, Assumption College 

Overview: Xenophon’s Hellenika shows how a student of Socrates 

responds to Thucydides’ study of political life in the wake of his 

own Socratic education. Xenophon’s work allows us to see more 

clearly the History’s relevance for philosophy. 

Paper Friendship Among Men and Nations in Xenophon’s 

Memorabilia and Hellenica 

Matthew S. Brunner, Northern Illinois University 

Overview: This essay uses both Memorabilia and Hellenica to 

further our understanding of Xenophontic friendship as a whole, 

and attempts to show that one must consider Xenophon’s 

“Socratic” writings in order to fully understand his “non-Socratic” 

writings. 

Paper Was Socrates a Cosmian?: Plutarch's Socratic 

Cosmopolitanism 

Fonna Forman-Barzilai, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: Here I reflect on Plutarch's claim in "On Exile" that 

Socrates is the finest example of a "Cosmian", a citizen of the 

world, and consider the implications of this Plutarchian 

understanding of cosmopolitanism for contemporary thought. 

Disc. Robert Phillips, Wheeling Jesuit University 

Susan Collins, University of Houston

Sunday, April 15 – 9:50 am – 11:25 am 

1-116 ROUNDTABLE: INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 

AND INTERNATIONAL LAW (Co-sponsored with 

International Cooperation and Organization and 

International Law, see 19-101 and 43-101) 

Room Red Lacquer, 4 th Floor, Sun at 9:50 am 

Panelist Duncan Snidal, University of Chicago 

Eric Posner, University of Chicago 

Beth Simmons, Harvard University 

Gregory Shaffer, Loyola University, Chicago 

Karen Alter, Northwestern University 

Overview: This roundtable examines the intersection of 

international law (IL) and international relations (IR). It 

highlights the remarkable interdisciplinary progress made 

recently. It identifies key research questions facing the growing 

IL-IR scholarship. 

2-10 ECONOMICS, INSTITUTIONS, AND ELECTORAL 

OUTCOMES 


Chair Michael Lewis-Beck, University of Iowa 

Paper Bubbling Under: Political Preferences During Asset Bubbles 

Ben W. Ansell, University of Minnesota 

Jane R. Gingrich, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: The past decade in advanced industrial countries has 

seen asset bubbles in the stock market and the housing market. 

This project explores how these bubbles have affected political 

preferences over pensions, inflation, and social insurance. 

Paper Voting Patterns in Federal Countries: The Case of Spain 

Carolina G. de Miguel, University of Michigan 

Overview: This paper aims at getting a better understanding of 

voting behavior in federal countries. The goal is to explore, 

through the case of Spain, if and how voters in federal countries 

use the vertical division of power. 

Paper Clarity, Context and Signaling: Economic Voting for Political 

Parties 

Lucy M. Goodhart, Columbia University 

Overview: Following a suggestion in the original article by Powell 

and Whitten (1993), I test whether there is a robust relationship 

between the economy and the vote for individual political parties 

in a coalition government. 

Paper Economic Voting in New Zealand Before and After the 

Electoral System Reform 

Erik R. Tillman, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 

Overview: Both the strength and nature of economic voting in 

New Zealand changed after the electoral system reform. 

Disc. Michael Lewis-Beck, University of Iowa 

Markus Tepe, Free University, Berlin/Yale University 

3-15 PARTIES AND ELECTORAL SYSTEMS 


Chair Scott Desposato, University of California, San Diego 

Paper Determinants of Public Venture Capital Flows in 

Postcommunist States 

Eric A. Booth, Texas Tech University 

Joseph W. Robbins, Texas Tech University 

Overview: Recently, studies have examined campaign finance 

effects in Postcommunist states but multiple issues persist. This 

study uses a two-stage model to first examine the conditions 

which promote the implementation of finance reforms, and then 

we examine their results. 

Paper Democratic Backlash? Revisiting Competing Explanations for 

the 1977 Post-Emergency Electoral Verdict in India 

Malte Pehl, University of Heidelberg 

Overview: The paper aims at evaluation of competing 

explanations for the 1977 post-emergency election in India. 

Unlike many accounts, it finds that electoral strategy contributed 

as much to a defeat of the Congress Party as did frustration with 

the emergency. 

Paper Electoral System Choice in New Democracies: A Case Study of 

the Korean System 

Jae-Hyeok Shin, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: This paper aims to explain the choice of Korean 

electoral system in 1988, as an example of the electoral system 

choice in new democracies, by analyzing the political and 

institutional setting from the perspective of “nested game.” 

Paper The Transformation of the Kuomintang after Democratization 

Ketty W. Chen, University of Oklahoma 

Overview: This paper discusses the transformation of the 

Kuomintang's party identity and the factors contributing to the 

party's electoral success after Taiwan's democratization. 

Disc. Scott Desposato, University of California, San Diego 

4-16 PARTIES, ELECTIONS, AND POLITICAL 

PARTICIPATION IN MEXICO 


Chair Joseph L. Klesner, Kenyon College 

Paper The Concept of Electoral Fairness in Democratic Elections 

Alejandro Poire, Harvard University 

Overview: The paper advances a conceptualization of electoral 

fairness in terms of its component dimensions, and presents an 

application to the Mexican 2006 presidential election. 

Paper Political Discourse in the 2006 Mexican Presidential 

Campaign 

Chappell Lawson, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 

Overview: Comparing candidate speeches, TV ads, party 

platforms, and TV news coverage, I find that each information 

stream obeyed a separate logic, thus not converging around any 

one issue and instead focusing voters’ choices on candidate traits 

and images. 

Paper Social Capital and Political Participation in Post-Transition 

Joseph L. Klesner, Kenyon College 

Overview: Using survey evidence the paper tracks four major 

participant types in post-transition Mexico—non-participant, 

electoral specialists, ordinary participants, and activists—to assess 

the role of social capital in promoting participation. 

Paper Political Recruitment in a Consolidating Democracy: The 

Case of Mexico 

Joy Langston, Centro de Investigacion y Docencia Economicas 

Overview: This study uses the career backgrounds of 950 federal 

deputies from the nation’s three major parties to understand 

political ambition in a two-tiered (majority and proportional 

representation) electoral system that prohibits consecutive 

reelection. 

Paper El Poder del Peje: Crisis and Perceptions of Charisma in the 

2006 Mexican Election 

Jennifer L. Merolla, Claremont Graduate University 

Elizabeth J. Zechmeister, University of California, Davis 

Overview: We assert that economic and political insecurities lead 

individuals to project relatively greater levels of leadership 

capacity and charisma onto likely political leaders. We test this 

argument using survey data from the 2006 Mexican election and 

multivariate analyses. 

Disc. Carole J. Wilson, University of Texas, Dallas 

5-8 LEGISLATIVE ORGANIZATION 


Chair Monika Nalepa, Harvard University 

Paper Decrees or Statutes? Choice of Legislative Instruments in 

Latin America 

Valeria Palanza, Princeton University 

Overview: The choice of legislative instruments is modeled as a 

function of the constitutional rules guiding the process and the 

resources available to agents interested in policy change. I test 

predictions using data from Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Peru. 

Page | 271

Paper The Effects of Cosponsorship Networks on Legislative Success 

in Taiwan Legislature 

Cheng-Lung Wang, National University of Singapore 

Ying Yang, National University of Singapore 

Wai Yuk Chan, National University of Singapore 

Overview: We examine the impact of legislative networks on bill 

success in Taiwan. Our results suggest important effects of 

cosponsorship network on legislative success. Those network 

effects are robust even controlling other institutional factors. 

Paper National Legislatures and the European Union's Democratic 

Deficit 

Ivy Hamerly, Baylor University 

Overview: This paper shows that the more recently a country 

joined the European Union, the more politically controlling its 

legislature’s European Affairs Committee is likely to be. 

Paper Governments and Central Banks in Emerging Markets: What 

Brings the Autonomy? 

Ilke Civelekoglu, University of Virginia 

Overview: In this paper I will argue that institutional change in the 

status of CB in emerging markets is contingent upon 1- the degree 

of distributional conflicts arising from the liberalization process, 

and 2-the party system of the country in question. 

Disc. Monika Nalepa, Harvard University 

Kirsten K. Loutzenhiser, Barry University 

6-8 POLITICS AND PUBLIC OPINION IN 

AUTHORITARIAN REGIMES 


Chair Elizabeth Stein, University of California, Los Angeles 

Paper The Logic of Political Survival in Authoritarian Regimes 

Stan Hok-Wui Wong, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: I argue that there exist two general methods for 

political survival in authoritarian regimes: (a) regime 

personalization and (b) regime bureaucratization. I further argue 

that the choice of method affects the course of regime evolution. 

Paper Accounting for Political Support in Reforming China 

Huisheng Shou, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Overview: In contrast to the common expectation on the role of 

economic variables in shaping individuals’ political attitudes, this 

study shows that nationalism stands out as the most salient 

variable influencing political support in contemporary China. 

Paper Causal Effects of West German Media on East Germans' 

Political Attitudes 

Holger L. Kern, Cornell University 

Overview: We exploit a natural experiment to estimate the causal 

effect of West German media on East Germans' support for the 

Communist regime. 

Paper The Dynamic Relationship of Elites, Media and Public 

Opinion During Political Liberalization 

Elizabeth A. Stein, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: I explore the movement of public opinion as 

authoritarian regimes liberalize. As censorship ends, new voices 

are heard and public opinion diverges ideologically while 

generally moving toward the opposition's positions. 

Disc. Karl Kaltenthaler, University of Akron 

7-5 POLITICAL PARTIES AND EUROPEAN POLICY 


Chair Jae-Jae M. Spoon, University of Iowa 

Paper Barriers to Rent-Seeking Activities: Police-Patrol or Fire- 

Alarm Oversight 

Yoshikuni Ono, University of Michigan 

Anna Grzymala-Busse, University of Michigan 

Overview: Individual legislators do not necessarily prefer firealarm 

oversight to police-patrol even if it is more efficient. We 

demonstrate the threat of replacement in office motivates them to 

use fire-alarm, and thus reduces their rent-seeking activities. 

Paper National Parties as European Alternatives in the European 

Elections 

JeongHun Han, University of Rochester 

Overview: This article challenges the dominance of the `Second- 

Order Model' in studies of European elections, and shows the 

potential that European voter choices of parties function as 

Page | 272 

instruments of assessing ex-post accountability for MEPs’ voting 

records. 

Paper Examining the Effect of Shifts in EU Party Position on Intra- 

Party Dissent 

Erica E. Edwards, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 

Overview: Drawing on previous research on the dynamics of 

parties’ policy positions and using expert survey data on European 

integration, this paper develops and tests a model linking intraparty 

dissent over European integration to changes in party 

positions. 

Paper Remeasuring Left-Right: A New Model of Left-Right Party 

Placements 

Ryan S. Bakker, Univeristy of Oxford 

Overview: There are several sources of data used to place parties 

on a left-right dimension. By combining these sources through a 

multi-trait multi-method (MTMM) model, we can improve both 

the reliablity and validity of these placements. 

Paper Europe’s Economic Policymaking: Political Discourse vs. 

Economic Reality 

Kenneth S. Donahue, University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign 

Thierry Warin, Middlebury College 

Overview: In the European taxation policy context, the authors 

confront the notions of political discourse and policymaking 

before and after national elections. They come to the conclusion 

that the discourse matters more than the actual implemented tax 

policy. 

Disc. Jae-Jae M. Spoon, University of Iowa 

8-17 POLITICAL ECONOMY IN LATIN AMERICA 


Chair Ronald E. Ahnen, St. Mary's College of California 

Paper Micro-Credit and the Prospects of Poverty Alleviation in 

Lula's Government 

Ronald E. Ahnen, St. Mary's College of California 

Overview: Examines the politics of the development, adoption, 

and implemenation of micro-credit programs that began in 2004 in 

Brazil under President Lula. 

Paper Coca, Guns and Growth: A Sub-National Analysis of Peru 

1980-2000 

Jennifer S. Holmes, University of Texas, Dallas 

Sheila Amin Gutiérrez de Piñeres, University of Texas, Dallas 

Overview: We examine the effects of coca production and 

violence on both disaggregated exports and sectoral GDP. The 

analysis, based on a new sub-national dataset, covers 1980-2000 

in Peru and utilizes econometric techniques. 

Paper Neoliberalism and the Quality of Democracy in Chile, 

Argentina and Mexico 

Paul W. Posner, Clark University 

Overview: In order to assess neoliberalism’s impact on the quality 

of democracy in Chile, Argentina and Mexico, this paper 

compares the impact of their respective neoliberal reforms on the 

popular sectors’ capacity and propensity for collective action. 

Paper Globalization and Gender in Nicaragua 

Lara A. Roemer, University of Illinois, Springfield 

Noah Siegel, University of Illinois, Springfield 

Samantha Drews, University of Illinois, Springfield 

Wesley King, University of Illinois, Springfield 

Overview: Our paper examines the effects of globalization in 

modern day Nicaragua, on both the national and individual level. 

We specifically focus on the social, political and environmental 

impacts globalization has had on labor. 

Disc. David Brown, University of Colorado 

12-4 ELECTIONS, PARTIES AND PRIME MINISTERS 

IN CANADIAN DEMOCRACY 


Chair Joanna Everitt, University of New Brunswick, St. John 

Paper An Undemocratic Democracy? A Look at Canada's Electoral 

System 

Jeannette Trac, York University 

Overview: The issue of electoral systems, and ultimately electoral 

reform, are important to examine because choosing an electoral

system is one of the most important institutional decisions for any 

democracy. 

Paper Choosing a Canadian Prime Minister under a Minority House 

Donald A. Desserud, University of New Brunswick, Saint John 

Overview: Paper assesses the constitutional basis of the prime 

ministerial appointment process as it occurs under minority 

situations (in Canada), and seeks to provide some clarity to the 

study of parliamentary constitutional conventions. 

Paper Party Switching in Canada, 1867-2006 

Matthew Kerby, Trinity College, Dublin 

Overview: An event history model is used to systematically 

analyze party switching in the Canadian House of Commons for 

the period 1867-2006. 

Paper The Bloc Quebecois as a Party in Parliament 

James I. Cairns, Ryerson/York University 

Overview: Taking a new approach to the Bloc Quebecois--one 

that goes beyond traditional concerns with the party's separatist 

agenda--this is a study of the BQ as a party in Canada's 

Parliament. 

Disc. Joanna Everitt, University of New Brunswick, St. John 

14-2 THE DOMESTIC POLITICS OF FOREIGN AID AT 

HOME AND ABROAD 


Chair Matthew S. Winters, Columbia University 

Paper Whither the Internationalist Coalition in American Foreign 

Policy? The Domestic Politics of International Trade and 

Foreign Aid Policy, 1980-2006 

Helen V. Milner, Princeton University 

Dustin H. Tingley, Princeton University 

Overview: We demonstrate how domestic political coalitions, both 

organized and unorganized, influence Congressional voting on 

trade and aid policy. We directly compare how different coalitions 

coalesce around trade to those in aid policy. 

Paper Political Institutional Determinants of Foreign Aid 

Yu-Sung Su, City University of New York 

Overview: Aid always comes with conditions. What then are the 

political determinants of foreign aid? This paper suggests that 

mixed regime types will receive more aid because such regimes 

have weaker institutional constraints on decision makers. 

Paper Factors Influencing the Degree of Capture in World Bank 

Programs 

Matthew S. Winters, Columbia University 

Overview: This paper presents newly collected data regarding the 

capture of funds in World Bank projects and assesses the domestic 

political factors that might contribute to more or less capture. 

Paper Foreign Aid and Democratization in Authoritarian Regimes 

Joseph Wright, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: Using a multinomial logit model of authoritarian 

regime transition on all regimes from 1960-2004, I show that aid 

increases the likelihood of democratization in countries where 

(authoritarian) rulers are likely to win multiparty elections. 

Disc. Jennifer Tobin, Nuffield College, Oxford University 

15-16 SOCIAL AND COMMUNICATIVE ACTION 

THEORIES OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 


Chair Nathan A. Paxton, Harvard University 

Paper Socializating China, Legitimizing the Regime: How China's 

Regime Become Secure 

Jing Tao, Cornell University 

Overview: This paper examines how the increase of international 

legitimacy reinforces the security of China's regime domestically, 

and how Chinese government actively influence the timing, pace, 

issue areas and the process of being socialized. 

Paper From Economic Nationalism to Neoliberalism: Explaining 

ANC Economic Ideas 

Derick A. Becker, University of Connecticut 

Overview: This paper examines the role of communicative 

interaction in explaining the development of ANC economic 

policy during the transition to democracy. 

Paper Territorial Contraction: The German Case 

Boaz Atzili, Harvard University 

Overview: The paper analyzes the reasons and politics of 

Germany’s acceptance of its post World War II borders. It argues 

that a combination of international norms and domestic political 

process, and not U.S. pressure, led to this important development. 

Paper Positivist Legal Theory, Legal Imperialism, and Sovereignty 

Turan Kayaoglu, University of Washington, Tacoma 

Overview: Rejecting the hypothesis to locate sovereignty with 

Westphalia, this paper traces the emergence of sovereignty to two 

nineteenth century developments: the dominance of the positivist 

legal theory and European imperialism. 

Paper The Western Sahara Conflict and the Failure of the Self- 

Determination Discourse 

Mohamed Daadaoui, University of Oklahoma 

Overview: Using the Western Sahara conflict as a case study, the 

current research examines the interplay between power, conflict 

resolution and modern self-determination discourse in its two 

broad categories: classical and secessionist. 

Disc. Nathan A. Paxton, Harvard University 

16-5 INTERNATIONAL SECURITY AND HUMAN 

RIGHTS 


Chair Stephen M. Hill, University of Wisconsin, Eau Claire 

Paper Defining the Moral Hazard Problem in Humanitarian 

Interventions 

Vincent A. Auger, Western Illinois University 

Overview: This paper analyzes the danger of "moral hazard" in 

humanitarian interventions and develops criteria for understanding 

the conditions under which the moral hazard problem may be 

particularly salient. 

Paper Resistance, Local Relations, and Patterns of Ethnic Cleansing 

Zeynep Bulutgil, University of Chicago 

Overview: The paper asks why different villages in the Prijedor 

municipality of Bosnia-Herzegovina experienced different levels 

of violence during the ethnic cleansing campaign between 1992 

and 1995. 

Disc. Chad Rector, George Washington University 

17-16 CIVIL WAR -- NON-COMBATANTS 


Chair Aysegul Aydin, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Paper Rebels, Refugees and War: The Militarization of Refugee 

Camps and Its Implications for the Delivery of Humanitarian 

Assistance in Times of War 

Sue J. Nahm, Columbia University 

Overview: My research explains the causes of militarization of 

refugee and IDP settlements in Africa. I argue that militarization 

is the result of tactics rebel groups use to wage asymmetric wars 

against state adversaries. 

Paper Forced Migration, Media and Violence in International Crises, 

1945-2002 

Hemda Benyehuda PhD, Bar Ilan University 

Rami Goldstein, Ramat Gan 

Overview: Ongoing armed political conflicts, ethnic clashes, and 

civil wars, have caused vast forced migration and have given rise 

to mass displacements and large scale influx situations all over the 

world. 

Paper Violence Against Civilians in Civil Wars. The Spanish Case 

Francisco Herreros, Spanish National Research Council 

Henar Criado, University Complutense 

Overview: The aim of the paper is the explanation of the variation 

of patterns of violence against civilians in civil wars. We will use 

data of political violence in Spanish regions in 1936-39 in a crossregional 

comparative quantitative analysis. 

Page | 273

Paper Explaining Violence against Civilians in Civil War 

Jessica A. Stanton, Columbia University 

Overview: This paper seeks to explain why some rebel groups 

deliberately attack civilians during civil war, while other groups 

refrain from targeting civilians, complying with the norms of 

noncombatant immunity codified in international humanitarian 

law. 

Disc. Christopher Sprecher, Texas A&M University 

20-7 ECONOMICS AND ETHNICITY: SOURCES OF 

CONFLICT AND COOPERATION 


Chair Mahendra Lawoti, Western Michigan University 

Paper State Withdrawal and Ethnic (De)mobilization 

Stephen Bloom, Southern Illinois University 

Overview: This paper tests the relationship between the 

withdrawal of the state and instances of ethnic conflict, using 

existing datasets on ethnic conflict and economic liberalization. 

Paper An Experimental Study of Ethnicity and Public Goods 

Contribution 

Christia Fontini, Harvard University 

Marcus Alexander, Harvard University 

Overview: A quasi-natural field n-person public goods experiment 

to assess the role of ethnic diversity and institutions in people’s 

propensity to cooperate with each other in ethnically diverse post 

conflict societies. 

Paper Why Not Peace? A Study of the Origins of Peaceful vs. Violent 

Movements 

Renat Shaykhutdinov, Texas A&M University 

Overview: Peaceful movements are more effective than violent 

groups in the successful attainment of the desired goals. In this 

paper I explain why certain groups still resort to violence. My 

explanation is lined to the availability of valuable resources. 

Paper Dollars vs. Symbols: Redistribution, Indigenous Identity, and 

Nationalism 

Brian D. Shoup, Indiana University 

Overview: Do redistribuitve policies serve instrumental and 

pecuniary interests in divided societies, or are they motivated by 

more symbolic considerations? 

Disc. Hudson Meadwell, McGill University 

21-5 INFORMATION PROCESSING 


Chair Brian Kisida, University of Arkansas 

Paper A Model of Survey Response: Perceptions about Candidate 

Issue Position 

Sung-youn Kim, University of Iowa 

Milton Lodge, Stony Brook University 


Overview: We propose a theory of survey respondents' 

perceptions about candidate issue position and test itagainst the 

Lau-Redlawsk experimental data. 

Paper Understanding vs. Prediction in Candidate Evaluation 

David Redlawsk, University of Iowa 

Overview: This paper argues that the ultimate goal of research into 

voter decision making should be to understand, not merely predict, 

and that in order to understand we must move beyond traditional 

variance models into process-driven approaches. 

Paper The Role of Attitude Functions in Motivated Political 

Reasoning 

Sanser Yener, Stony Brook University 

Overview: I use three issues, namely, national service, Social 

Security, and immigration, and examine the effect of attitude 

functions-whether the attitude serves a self-interest function or a 

value-expressive function-on motivated reasoning. 

Paper Institutional Context, Perceived Motivations and Institutional 

Evaluations 

David Doherty, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Overview: This research looks at how the salience of the 

institutional environment affects how individuals make judgments 

about what motivates political actors as well as what they want to 

motivate these actors. 

Disc. Beth Miller, University of Missouri, Kansas City 

Page | 274 

22-102 ROUNDTABLE: THE FUTURE OF ELECTION 

STUDIES: COOPERATIVE ONLINE SURVEY 

RESEARCH 

Room Adams, 6 th Floor, Sun at 9:50 am 

Panelist Stephen D. Ansolabehere, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 

Douglas Rivers, Stanford University 


Donald Kinder, University of Michigan 

Wendy Rahn, University of Minnesota 

Gary Jacobson, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: This roundtable will discuss findings from the 2006 

Cooperative Congressional Election Study, a two-wave web 

survey that interviewed over 35,000 respondents before and after 

the November 2006 Congressional election. 

24-9 ELECTORAL SYSTEMS AND VOTER 

MOTIVATION 


Chair Jean-Francois Godbout, Northwestern University 

Paper Separation of Powers and Turnout 

Charles R. Shipan, University of Michigan 

Rebecca B. Morton, New York University 

Melanie J. Springer, Washington University, St Louis 

Overview: We examine whether the variation in the institutional 

structure of the U.S. states influences turnout. Our comparative 

assessment focuses on differences in budgetary, appointment, and 

veto powers, and whether these differences affect levels of 

turnout. 

Paper Electoral Systems and Voter Turnout: A Micro-level Analysis 

Eric Chang, Michigan State University 

Tse-hsin Chen, Michigan State University 

Overview: This paper argues that a voter’s turnout propensity 

increases as the distance between her policy position and that of 

her most (least) favored party decreases (increases). Using the 

CSES survey data, we find strong empirical support for our 

claims. 

Paper The Seat Share of the Smaller Parties and Social Trust 

John L. Ensch, University of California, Irvine 

Overview: This paper provides an analytical framework for 

examining the relationship between social trust, and democracy in 

newly democratizing countries. It tests district magnitude and 

assembly size, as determining factors of interpersonal trust. 

Paper Overhang Seats and Strategic Voting in MMP 

Henry A. Kim, University of California, San Diego 

Nathan F. Batto, University of the Pacific 

Overview: We identify a hitherto unexamined form of strategic 

voting in MMP systems, in which large parties' supporters 

strategically vote for small parties in the list tier. We present both 

theoretical rationale and empirical evidence thereof. 

Disc. Raymond M. Duch, University of Oxford 

25-16 THE CONSEQUENCES OF CIVIC ENGAGEMENT 

AND INTERPERSONAL INTERACTION 


Chair Casey A. Klofstad, University of Miami 

Paper Echo Chambers or Overlap? Ideological Patterns of Student 

Networks 

Brian J. Gaines, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 

Overview: Using novel data, we explore students' social networks 

to gauge how closed or open they are ideologically. 

Paper Polarization and Homogenization in Small Group 

Deliberations 

Robert C. Luskin, University of Texas, Austin 

James S Fishkin, Stanford University 

Kyu S. Hahn, University of California, Los Angeles 

Overview: We use evidence from more than a dozen Deliberative 

Polls to examine and explain the extent to which the members of 

randomly assigned, moderated small groups converge on the 

same, more extreme view.

Paper How Wife and Husband Influence Each Other 

Yukio Maeda, University of Tokyo 

Overview: This paper examines the manner in which spouses 

influence each other’s opinions. Special attention is paid to the 

differences between cases wherein the spouses’ opinions are 

perceived correctly and those in which they are perceived 

incorrectly. 

Paper Developing Interest in Politics: The Effect of Early Life 

Socialization 

Danielle Shani, Princeton University 

Overview: In this paper, I argue that adolescent experiences, such 

as enjoying social studies and participating in youth activities, as 

well as the political environment at home, have a long reach in 

shaping political interest well into adulthood. 

Disc. Casey A. Klofstad, University of Miami 

27-17 THE INTERNET AND ITS APPLICATIONS 


Chair Frank McKenna, Bowling Green State University 

Paper The Origins and Effectiveness of Arguments in Strategic 

Communication 

Patrick J. Sellers, Davidson College 

Taylor Ansley, Davidson College 

Overview: Our paper examines strategic communication in 

national political debates, specifically the recent Supreme Court 

nominations. The analysis documents the growth of blogs and 

suggests why certain issues and arguments prove more successful 

than others. 

Paper The Changing Face of Incumbency: An Exploration into Joe 

Lieberman's Digital Identity? 

Diana T. Cohen, University of Florida 

Overview: This paper explores the changing nature of Joe 

Lieberman's digital identity over the course of the 2006 election. 

Paper Tribal Government Websites: Political Communication for 

Member 

Elizabeth A. Wabindato, Northern Arizona University 

Overview: This paper explores how American Indian tribal 

governments are utilizing the internet in order to communicate 

with tribal members who live on and off the homeland. 

Paper Blogging for Democracy: Deliberation, Autonomy, and 

Reasonableness in the Blogosphere 

John W. Maynor, Middle Tennessee State University 

Overview: This paper will argue that traditional models of 

deliberative democracy fail to take account of the new modes and 

orders of political engagement through the internet, and in blogs in 

particular. 

Paper Traveling Cyberspace Without A Compass - Hazards for 

Democracy? 

Sharon L. Keranen, Wayne State University 

Overview: Man’s innate passions may collide with technology in 

learning and understanding politics. This is a discussion of Plato 

and Bacon’s world in the 21st Century. 

Disc. Matthew S. Hindman, Arizona State University 

29-16 INSTITUTIONAL FORCES AND AMERICAN 

RACIAL POLITICS 


Chair Valerie Martinez-Ebers, Texas Christian University 

Paper Native American Political Representation in State Legislatures 

Steven J. Doherty, Dickinson State University 

Overview: This study examines the level of Native American 

representation in state legislatures in western states and explores 

the major political and social factors that have shaped the 

experiences of Native American state legislators. 

Paper The Election of Latinas to State Legislatures and Congress 

Jason Casellas, University of Texas, Austin 

Overview: This paper examines the election of Latinas to several 

state legislatures and Congress. Using data from the National 

Association of Latino Elected and Appointed Officials, as well as 

interviews with key Latina leaders. 

Paper Collaboration vs. Conflict in Casino Compacts: Exploring the 

Quality of Intergovernmental Negotiations 

Paula R. Mohan, University of Wisconsin, Whitewater 

Overview: An analysis of the factors that lead to successful 

collaboration vs conflict between local and tribal governments in 

negotiating casino compacts. 

Paper Handling the Jurisdictional Variation in American Indian 

Law and Politics 

Rich Braunstein, University of South Dakota 

Overview: An examination of variation in jurisdictional 

arrangements in Indian Country to assess the impact structural 

factors have on the state disposition of American Indian criminal 

cases, tribal economic development and health policy in the U.S. 

Paper Indigent Defendants and the Barriers They Face in the 

Wisconsin Court System 

Martin Guevara Urbina, Howard College 

Jamie Peterson, Howard College 

Magun Gutierrez, Howard College 

Overview: A review of the literature suggests that equal access to 

the law is being denied to indigent defendants in our nation's 

courts due to various intertwining barriers, like economics, 

education, social environment, legal status, quality of public 

defenders, 

Disc. Valerie Martinez-Ebers, Texas Christian University 

32-6 SMITH AND HUME 


Chair Lauren K. Hall, Northern Illinois University 

Paper Proximity and the Ethical in Adam Smith and Emanuel 

Levinas 

Fonna Forman-Barzilai, University of California, San Diego 

David Forman-Barzilai, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: We note parallels between Smith's sympathy and 

Levinas' phenomenology of the face and conclude that since both 

emphasize the proximate character of human interaction neither 

can produce objective criteria for evaluating the unfamiliar and the 

distant. 

Paper Sympathy and the Passions: Rethinking Part I of Smith's 

Theory of Moral Sentiments 

Edward J. Harpham, University of Texas, Dallas 

Overview: In this paper I will explore how a modern theory of the 

passions is transformed in Part I of Adam Smith's The Theory of 

Moral Sentiments through the concepts of sympathy and mutual 

sympathy. 

Paper David Hume and the Origins of Modern Citizenship 

Tom J. Hoffman, University of Illinois 

Overview: This paper examines David Hume's notion of 

citizenship, a notion of citizenship modelled most directly on the 

critic or connoisseur. Hume's understanding of citizenship along 

these lines is identified with citizenship. 

Disc. Lauren K. Hall, Northern Illinois University 

33-15 IMAGINATION AND JUDGMENT 


Chair Eileen H. Botting, University of Notre Dame 

Paper The Complementary Relation between Actor's and Spectator's 

Judgment Capacities in Hannah Arendt's Thought 

Ozge Celik, University of Colorado, Boulder 

Overview: What is the significance of the distinction between the 

actor and the spectator in terms of their capacity to judge in 

Hannah Arendt's thought? 

Paper Rereading the Political through the Aesthetic: Arendt and 

Lyotard on Kant 

Leila M. Ibrahim, Cornell University 

This paper examines Arendt's and Lyotard's metapolitics against 

the backdrop of their appropriation of Kant's aesthetics. 

Page | 275

Paper The Rule of Law Through the Looking Glass 

Mary Liston, University of Toronto 

Overview: This paper suggests that children’s literature can 

provide insights into how the rule of law has been conceptualized 

in both Anglo-North American popular culture as well as political 

and legal theory. 

Disc. Eileen H. Botting, University of Notre Dame 

Laurie Naranch, Siena College 

33-28 JUSTICE AND JUSTIFICATION 


Chair Colin P. Bird, University of Virginia 

Paper Tribal Liberalism: The Ethical Implication of Public 

Justification 

Bill Curtis, University of Vermont 

Overview: The commitment to public justification has greater 

ethical implications than most liberal theorists realize. It implies a 

distinctively liberal "way of life" that cannot in principle be 

reconciled with the accomodation of nonliberal pluralism. 

Paper Can Deliberation Build Trust? 

Patti Tamara Lenard, Harvard University 

Overview: I assess whether deliberation can be thought of a trustbuilding 

mechanism, in particular the institutional conditions 

under which it takes place so that it can be a trust-builder. I focus 

on the ‘deliberation mediator’. 

Paper Public Reason as Reason-of-State 

Fred M. Frohock, University of Miami 

Overview: A version of public reason crafted on reason-of-state, a 

tradition of thought holding that the exercise of power at collective 

levels identifies a political reasoning which presents its own 

distinct and independent rules of engagement and morality. 

Disc. Stephen P. Chilton, University of Minnesota, Duluth 

Colin P. Bird, University of Virginia 

34-7 ELECTORAL COMPETITION 


Chair Steven Callander, Northwestern University 

Paper Targeted Campaigns with Ambiguity-Averse Voters 

Scott Ashworth, Princeton University 

Overview: I study equilibrium targeting decisions in an election in 

which candidates can provide information to voters who are 

ambiguity averse, and might abstain if their information is "low 

quality". 

Paper Signalling Policy Commitments in Electoral Competitions 

with Heterogeneously Motivated Candidates 

Haifeng Huang, Duke University 

Overview: When candidates can be either policy seeking or office 

seeking, their policy announcements during campaigns signal to 

voters their degrees of policy commitments. The median voter 

theorem no longer holds in this signalling game. 

Paper Attack Politics: Who Goes Negative and Why? 

Kyle Mattes, California Institute of Technology 

Overview: I introduce a formal model of campaign strategy to 

show when candidates will engage in negative campaigning and 

how it can affect election results. 

Paper When Candidates as Well as Voters Value Good Job 

Performance: A Spatial Model 

James Adams, University of California, Davis 

Samuel Merrill, III, Wilkes University 

Overview: We develop a spatial model in which the candidates – 

like the voters – prefer that the winning candidate possess qualities 

such as competence and integrity that will enhance his job 

performance. 

Paper 2’s Company, 3’s An Equilibrium: Strategic Voting and 

Multicandidate Elections 

John W. Patty, Harvard University 

Overview: Electoral competition with 3 or more candidates is 

examined and it is shown that any profile of platforms in which at 

least three candidates adopt different platforms is a subgame 

perfect equilibrium in weakly undominated strategies. 

Disc. Kevin A. Roust, University of California, San Diego 

Page | 276 

35-11 INFERRING INDIVIDUAL ATTRIBUTES 


Chair Regina Branton, Rice University 

Paper Inequality in Freedom Within States: Multi-level Models for 

Survey Data 

Olivia C. Lau, Harvard University 

Overview: Freedom varies across individuals within states, as well 

as across states. Using a multi-level ordinal probit model and 

individual-level data from 38 countries, I find that individual 

income, education, and gender affect the distribution of freedom. 

Paper Uncovering Trail of Votes: A Solution for Ecological Bias 

Problem 


Dmitrii Shakin, Russian Economic School 

Sergey Sulgin, Russian Academy of National Economy 

Overview: The paper presents new solution for the Ecological 

Bias problem, and uses it to trace votes between elections in 

several countries. The new model is tested against several current 

methods. 

Paper Racial Disparities in Disability-Free Life Expectancy 

Samir S. Soneji, Princeton University 

Kosuke Imai, Princeton University 

Overview: Disability-free life expectancy is an important measure 

of active life expectancy that has been used for over thirty years. 

In this paper, we apply new methodology to estimate racial 

disparities in this measure by U.S. birth cohorts. 

Disc. Gregory E. McAvoy, University of North Carolina, Greensboro 

38-9 ASSESSING THE PERMANENT CAMPAIGN 


Chair Lilly J. Goren, Carroll College 

Paper Vulnerability and Responsiveness in U.S. Disaster Policy, 

1953-2003 

R. Steven Daniels, California State University, Bakersfield 

Overview: Relying on material collected from multiple disaster 

databases, I examine the role of media coverage and demographic, 

social, economic, and political vulnerability on the presidential 

disaster decisions from 1953-2003. 

Paper The Politics of the Permanent Campaign: Presidents, 

Fundraising, and the Electoral College 

Brendan J. Doherty, American Political Science Association 

Overview: In this paper I systematically examine presidential 

travel and fundraising from 1977 through 2004 to assess 

empirically the extent to which there is a permanent campaign for 

the presidency, as well as the evolution of the public presidency. 

Paper From the Campaign Trail to the White House: The 

Consequences of Geographic Targeting for Presidents' 

Abilities to Govern 

Henriet Hendriks, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities 

Overview: Through a comparative case study of presidential 

election campaigns and the period after the candidates took office, 

this paper examines the effects of geographic targeting on the 

ability to govern. 

Disc. Lilly J. Goren, Carroll College 

39-13 CONGRESS AND THE EXECUTIVE: BALANCING 

POWER 


Chair Ryan J. Vander Wielen, Temple University 

Paper Presidents or Politics?: Fast Track Trade and the Line-Item 

Veto 

Patrick T. Hickey, University of Texas 

Overview: This paper analyzes the dynamics of institutional 

power. Specifically, under what conditions will Congress cede 

power to the president? To answer this question, I examine the 

politics of fast-track trade promotion authority and the line-item 

veto.

Paper Circumventing the Senate: The President’s Use of Recess 

Appointments on the NLRB 

Micheal S. Lynch, Washington University, St. Louis 

Anthony J. Madonna, Washington University, St. Louis 

Ryan J. Owens, Washington University, St. Louis 

Overview: Is the increase in recess appointments a politically 

motivated attempt to circumvent the Senate? This paper tests 

whether recess appointees vote differently than their Senateconfirmed 

counterparts on the National Labor Relations Board. 

Paper The Evolution of U.S. Governmental Attitudes and Responses 

to Terrorism 

Adam L. Silverman, Long Island University 


Overview: This paper focuses on the historical reaction of the 

Executive and Legislative branches to acts of terrorism over 

history. We posit that the government has a history of overreaction 

and then must make adjustments before establishing a 

public policy. 

Paper The Executive-Legislative Balance of Power: New Measures of 

Legislative Success in Brazil, 1988 - 2005 

Monica Pachon, University of California, San Diego 

Overview: Using the Brazilian case, I propose measuring 

legislative success as the capacity to delay/stop as a whole/part an 

executive bill, and show how the opposition is successful 

amending/delaying the enactment process even with the existence 

of a cartel. 

Disc. Jesse T. Richman, Old Dominion University 

Ryan J. Vander Wielen , Temple University 

41-25 HIGH COURTS IN THEIR LARGER POLITICAL 

ENVIRONMENTS 


Chair Donald Kommers, University of Notre Dame 

Paper Creating Credible Commitments: Courts in Transitional 

Democracies 

Minodora A. Buliga-Stoian, Binghamton University 

Geoff McGovern, SUNY, Binghamton 

Overview: This paper is a comparative study of the interaction 

between constitutional courts and political actors within 

transitional democracies, by introducing judiciaries into the 

political processes specified by previous transition models. 

Paper Should there be an Inspector General for the Federal Courts? 

Mark C. Miller, Clark University 

Overview: Based on interviews with Members of Congress and 

with Members of Parliament, this paper will compare courtlegislative 

interactions in the two societies. 

Paper By-Passing the Court: The Politics of Unconstitutional 

Legislation in Spain 

Gemma Sala, Yale University 

Overview: When policies transgress the constitutional 

arrangement, politicians engage in logrolling negotiations in order 

to by-pass the court and avoid their policies from reaching the 

judicial arena. 

Paper A Cross-National Analysis of Judicial Decision Making in the 

U.S., Canada and Australia 

David L. Weiden, Illinois State University 

Overview: This paper analyzes the attitudinal and legal models in 

the high courts of the U.S., Canada, and Australia, and proposes a 

new theory of cross-national judicial decision-making. 

Disc. Lydia B. Tiede, University of California, San Diego 

42-9 RACE, RIGHTS, AND HISTORY (Co-sponsored with 

Race, Class and Ethnicity, see 29-2) 


Chair Michael W. Combs, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 

Paper Reviving the Republican Face of Constitutional Rights: 

Abolition as a Constitutional Project 

Elizabeth Beaumont, University of Minnesota 

Overview: Refashions the relationship between rights and 

constitutional development by exploring how an engaged public 

participated in national rights debates shaping the Civil War and 

Amendments and recasting principles of federalism and 

republicanism. 

Paper The Supreme Court and the Paradox of Apartheid: Revisiting 

Brown 

Michael W. Combs, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 

Peter Hatemi, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 

Overview: In this paper, we argue that the Supreme Court and 

some of its decisions have promoted the convergence of cultural, 

political and economic factors and forces that foster and maintain 

educational apartheid in the schools of this nation. 

Paper Is a Slave 'Any Woman'? Slavery, Sex, and Claims of 

Citizenship in State of Missouri v. Celia, a Slave 

Joan Sitomer, University of Michigan 

Overview: This paper explores a defense attorney's attempt to 

push the raced and gendered boundaries of citizenship by framing 

a slave's story of sexual exploitation in universal terms and 

examines why that claim wasn't legible to the court. 

Paper Race, Police Power, and Constitutional Structure 

Kathleen S. Sullivan, Ohio University 

Overview: A study of the deployment of both white supremacist 

and civil rights readings of the police power in the late nineteenth 

century. 

Disc. Judith A. Baer, Texas A&M University 

Paul Kriese, Indiana University East 

45-11 COOPERATION AND CONFLICT IN POLICY 

IMPLEMENTATION 


Chair Charles Sampson, University of Missouri 

Paper Values, Coalition Modification and Regime Replacement 

Charles L. Sampson, University of Missouri 

Timothy O. Smith, Missouri Department of Economic 

Development 

Overview: How are effective coalitions of stakeholders formed, 

modified and changed internally in order to implement public 

policy? Each of the three concepts: Punctuated Equilibrium, 

Advocacy Coalition Frameworks and Urban Regime Theory 

contribute to an understanding. 

Paper Determinants of the Responsiveness of Street-Level 

Bureaucrats: The Case of Los Angeles 

Kyu-Nahm Jun, University of Southern California 

Chris Weare, University of Southern California 

Juliet Musso, University of Southern California 

Ellen Shiau, University of Southern California 

Overview: This paper examines the managerial, technical and 

environmental factors that influence the performance of local 

public agencies from the perspectives of community stakeholders. 

Paper Power and Local Actors: Analyzing Antipoverity Housing 

Policy 

Jeffrey B. McLaughlin, University of California, Riverside 

Overview: This paper investigates local political forces that create 

a variation in the implementation of state mandates, and how the 

perceptions of local development elites cause a differential 

compliance in a California antipoverty housing policy. 

Paper Patterns of Cooperation: Coalitions in Local Public Health 

Practice 

Elise Papke, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Daivd R. Papke, Marquette University 

Overview: This paper explores the application of social network 

analysis to evaluating patterns of cooperation in community public 

health coalitions. Coalition effectiveness may be better 

understood with knowledge about structures of power in the 

network. 

Paper Agents of Social Change: Police Engagement in Social Policy 

Liliokanaio Peaslee, Brandeis University 

Overview: This paper examines how and why some police 

departments move away from traditional law enforcement and 

towards a proactive model of crime prevention that emphasizes 

partnerships with municipal and community-based social service 

agencies. 

Disc. Michael Craw, Michigan State University 

Page | 277

46-14 TECHNOLOGY AND POLICY 


Chair Karen Mossberger, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Paper Problem and Solution Definitions of Nanotechnology across 

Multiple Venues 

Eric Lindquist, Texas A&M University 

Katrina Mosher, Texas A&M University 

Overview: We examine how new ideas and technologies, as 

illustrated by the case of nanotechnology, emerge onto the 

decision agenda. We apply a problem definition approach, and 

explore nanotechnology problem and solution definitions across 

multiple venues. 

Paper On the Expert Failure in Scientific Decision-Making 

Zaijian Qian, Nanjing Normal University 

Overview: Expert argumentation is considered to be a key for 

scientific decision-making. Yet it is still not necessarily a 

scientific decision, not to say a right or a good one. Just like the 

market failure and government failure, the expert may fail too. 

Paper Are All Women Making Progress Online? African-American 

Women and Latinas 

Karen Mossberger, University of Illinois, Chicago 


Bridgett King, Kent State University 

Gena Miller, University of Illinois, Chicago 

Overview: Using the most recent comprehensive survey of 

technology use and access, the 2003 Current Population Survey, 

we explore the impact of interactions between gender, 

race/ethnicity, and poverty for technology use among minority 

women. 

Paper Accountability Strategies: Dealing with Multiple Pressures of 

Accountability 

Dorit Rubinstein, University of California, Berkeley 

Overview: Studies show that agencies face multiple, conflicting 

accountability demands. Drawing on empirical research from the 

UK, France and Sweden, the paper creates a typology of strategies 

agencies use to deal with these demands and a model predicting. 

Paper Government-University-Industry Research Collaboration and 

the Public 

Jennifer H. Geertsma, University of Massachusetts, Amherst 

Overview: Government-university-industry research collaboration 

has increased at a pace previously unwitnessed. I will examine 

nanomanufacturing research centers as a new form of GUIR 

collaboration, assess relevant theories, and argue for including the 

public as a participant. 

Disc. Doo-Rae Kim, University of Seoul 

50-12 FEDERALISM AND BUREAUCRATIC 

AUTHORITY 


Chair Saundra Schneider, Michigan State University 

Paper Toward Collaborative Federalism: A Necessity for Securing 

the Homeland 

Samuel H. Clovis, Jr., Morningside College 

Overview: Effective public policy related to national preparedness 

is inhibited by institutional pathologies and the convergence of 

three theories of Federalism. An American version of 

Collaborative Federalism is required to fix this situation. 

Paper Success Factors in Intergovernmental Information Technology 

Projects 

David R. Connelly, Western Illinois University 

Donna Canestraro, Center for Technology in Government 

Overview: The paper examines 4 different implementations of IT 

regarding the sharing of information both in horizontal (locallocal, 

etc.) and vertical terms (state-fed., etc.). Factors include 

leadership, trust, need for dedicated "space". 

Paper NCLB and Politics of Unfunded Mandate: An 

Intergovernmental Fiscal Relation 

Yongmao Fan, Northern Illinois University 

Overview: This paper is to take the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) 

as a case in the education sector to explore the issue of unfunded 

mandate and to analyze how it impacts the intergovernmental 

relations in the United States. 

Page | 278 

Paper Bureaucratic Power and Multilevel Governance 

Holly T. Goerdel, University of Kansas 

Overview: Bureaucratic power is conceived of and exercised in 

differing ways in public organizations. Traditional notions of 

bureaucratic power are challenged by agencies operating within 

multilevel governance systems, like the European Union. 

Disc. Saundra Schneider, Michigan State University 

Daniel P. Hawes, Texas A&M University 

51-13 RACE AND AMERICAN POLITICAL 

DEVELOPMENT 


Chair Julie Novkov, SUNY, Albany 

Paper Quiet, Yet Ever-Constant, Advocacy: How American Indian 

Tribes Have Confronted and Changed Federal Indian Policy 

Laura Evans, University of Washington 

Overview: An explanation of the processes of federal policy 

changes achieved by American Indian tribes. 

Paper Bringing Race and Class Back In: American Democratization 

in Comparative Perspective 

Shamira Gelbman, University of Virginia 

Overview: An analysis and reinterpretation of American political 

development and the comparative democratization literature 

through a focus on the role of race and class, specifically the 

interaction of the civil rights and labor movements in promoting 

democratization. 

Paper Congress and the Status of Blacks: The Pattern of Initiatives 

and Counter-Attacks 

Matthew Holden, University of Virginia 

Overview: A political science of American history may examine 

competing claims (Loewenberg and Patterson, (1979, 1966), as to 

the status of blacks in the polity, seen in five initiatives and 

counterattacks. 

Paper Reforming the Jim Crow Political Order: Southern Politics in 

the 1940s 

Kimberley Johnson, Columbia University 

Overview: A rethinking of the rise and fall of racial orders in 

American political development through an analysis of "Jim Crow 

reform". 

Disc. Joe Lowndes, University of Oregon 

Dorian Warren, Columbia University 

52-4 HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES ON POLITICAL 

SOCIOLOGY AND CULTURE 


Chair Carol Atkinson, University of Southern California 

Paper Fairy Tales, Popular Fiction and the French Revolution 

Margaret M. Young, Albion College 

Overview: Given the juxtaposition of then current popular fiction 

and the French Revolution the author considers the political and 

social insights elicited by looking at the tropes that are most 

constant in current popular fiction both written and filmed. 

Paper The Rite of Self-Defense 

Ron Hirschbein, California State University, Chico 

Overview: Self-defense is seen as a ritualistic enactment of civic 

mythology. The enactment sanctifies tactics and strategy, 

promotes social cohesion, and offers absolution. 

Paper Ambivalent Progressive: Hillary Clinton as Modern Jeremiah 

Mark S. Jendrysik, University of North Dakota 

Overview: One of the most enduring themes in American political 

discourse is the idea of decline. This discourse of declension has 

often taken the form of the jeremiad. I examine how Hillary 

Clinton has adopted the styles of the “modern jeremiad”. 

Paper Dissent in Times of Terror: Strategies of Contention After 

9/11 

Florent Blanc, Northwestern University 

Overview: This paper, based on the case of the United States after 

9/11, aims at explaining the strategies adopted by dissenters. It 

draws on the literature on securitization, social movement, power, 

domination and resistance, as well as surveillance. 

Disc. Mark S. Jendrysik, University of North Dakota 

Katherine J. Banks, University of Cambridge

2007 Conference Program - Midwest Political Science Association

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