annual report 1994-95 ministry of power

ANNUAL REPORT 

1994-95 

lR;eso t;rs 

MINISTRY OF POWER 

GOVERNMENT OF INDIA, NEW DELHI

CONTENTS 

1. MINISTRY OF POWER-Organisations & Functions ...................................................... 3 

2. POWER SECTOR - Highlights: Generation, PLF, Capacity, etc ..................................... 5 

3. RENOVATION AND MODERNISATION .................................................................... 18 

4. TRANSMISSION ............................................................................................................ 20 

5. RURAL ELECTRIFICATION PROGRAMMES ........................................................... 23 

6. COOPERATION WITH NEIGHBOURING COUNTRIES IN HYDRO POWER ...... 26 

7. ENERGY CONSERVATION .......................................................................................... 27 

8. PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION ........................................................................... 30 

• A.C.C. Babcock ...................................................................................................... 30 

9. CENTRAL ELECTRICITY AUTHORITY .................................................................... 32 

10. A. PUBLIC SECTOR UNDERTAKINGS 

• National Thermal Power Corporation .................................................................... 36 

• National Hydro Electric Power Corporation ......................................................... 42 

• Rural Electrification Corporation ........................................................................... 44 

• North Eastern Electric Power Corporation ............................................................ 47 

• Power Finance Corporation ................................................................................... 51 

• Power Grid Corporation ......................................................................................... 55 

B. JOINT VENTURE CORPORATIONS 

• Tehri Hydro Development Corporation ................................................................. 61 

• Nathpa Jhakri Power Corporation .......................................................................... 63 

C. STATUTORY BODIES 

• Damodar Valley Corporation ................................................................................. 65 

• Bhakra Beas Management Board .......................................................................... 67 

D. AUTONOMOUS BODIES 

• National Power Training Institute .......................................................................... 68 

• Central Power Research Institute .......................................................................... 71 

• Energy Management Centre................................................................................... 74 

11. OTHER IMPORTANT ACTIVITIES 

• Consultative Committee of Members of Parliament .............................................. 76 

• Implementation of Official Language Policy-Hindi .............................................. 76 

• Assistance to the State Electricity Boards .............................................................. 77 

• Welfare of Minorities .............................................................................................. 78 

• Grievances Cell ....................................................................................................... 78 

• Vigilance/Disciplinary Cases ................................................................................. 78 

• Audit Observations ................................................................................................. 78 

• Controller of Accounts ........................................................................................... 78 

• Internal Audit Wing ................................................................................................ 79 

• Sports & Cultural Activities ................................................................................... 79 

GRAPHS & CHARTS 

A. Map of India showing Installed Generating Capacity 

B. Growth of Installed Capacity - utilities ............................................................................. 6 

C. Capacity Addition Programme and Achievement during 1994-95 ................................. 9 

D. Growth of Electricity Generation .................................................................................... 10 

E. All India Installed Generating Capacity - mix % utilities .............................................. 16 

F. Achievement of 400 KV Transmission Lines 1994-95 .................................................. 22 

G. Electricity Statistics at a glance .......................................................................... 80 

2

1. MINISTRY OF POWER 

(i) The Ministry of Power is functioning 

independently. Shri N. K. P. Salve has been 

the Minister for Power since 18th January, 

1993. Shri Rangayya Naidu remained 

Minister of State for Power for the period 

18.1.93 to 10.2.95. Smt. Urmila C. Patel took 

over charge as Minister of State for Power on 

10th February, 1995. 

(ii) Shri R. Vasudevan has been the Secretary in 

the Ministry of Power with effect from the 

14th July, 1992. He is assisted by a Special 

Secretary and six Joint Secretaries, including 

the Financial Adviser. The total staff strength 

of the Ministry is 308. 

(iii) There are six wings in the Ministry of Power, 

each headed by a Joint Secretary. These are : 

i) Administration, Coordination and Energy 

Management. 

ii) Thermal 

iii) Investment Promotion 

iv) Planning, External Assistance and Hydel 

v) Systems & Operation, and 

vi) Finance, Budget and Accounts. 

1.2 ORGANISATIONS 

The Central Electricity Authority (CEA), 

constituted under the Electricity (Supply) Act, 

1948, advises the Ministry of Power on technical 

and economic matters. The construction and 

operation of generation and transmission 

projects in the Central Sector are entrusted to 

Central Sector Power Corporations, namely, 

the National Thermal Power Corporation 

(NTPC), the National Hydroelectric Power 

Corporation (NHPC), the North Eastern 

Electric Power Corporation (NEEPCO) and 

3 

the Power Grid Corporation of India Limited 

(POWERGRID). The POWERGRID, which 

was incorporated on the 23rd October, 1989, 

is responsible for all the existing and future 

transmission projects in the Central Sector and 

also for the formation of the National Power 

Grid. There are two joint venture Power 

Corporations under the administrative control 

of the Ministry of Power, namely, Nathpa 

Jhakri Power Corporation and Tehri Hydro 

Development Corporation, which are 

responsible for the execution of the Nathpa 

Jhakri Power Project and projects of the Tehri 

Hydro Power Complex, respectively. The 

Damodar Valley Corporation (DVC), 

constituted under the DVC Act, 1948, and the 

Bhakra Beas Management Board (BBMB), 

constituted under the Punjab Act, 1966, are 

also under the administrative control of the 

Ministry of Power. Further, the Central Power 

Research Institute (CPRI), the National Power 

Training Institute (NPTI) and the Energy 

Management Centre (EMC) are under the 

administrative control of the Ministry of 

Power. Programmes of rural electrification 

are within the purview of the Rural 

Electrification Corporation (REC). The 

Power Finance Corporation (PFC) provides 

term-finance to projects in the power sector. 

Badarpur Management Control Cell (BMCC), 

a subordinate office of this Ministry 

administers the management with NTPC to 

make payment etc. to BTPS/BTPP and allied 

works. 

1.3 FUNCTIONS 

(i) The primary responsibility of the Ministry of 

Power lies in the development of electrical 

energy in the country. The Ministry is 

concerned with perspective planning, policy 

formulation, processing of projects for 

investment decision, monitoring of the 

implementation of power projects, training 

and manpower development and the 

administration and enactment of legislation

in regard to Thermal and Hydel power 

generation, transmission and distribution. 

(ii) Electricity is a concurrent subject at Entry 38 

in the list III of Seventh Schedule of the 

Constitution of India. 

(iii) The Ministry of Power is responsible for the 

administration of the Electricity (Supply) Act, 

1948 and the Indian Electricity Act, 1910 and 

4 

to undertake such amendments to these Acts, 

as may be necessary from time to time, in 

conformity with the Government’s policy 

objectives. 

(iv) To deal with the matters relating to private 

sector participation in power generation, 

supply and distribution, an Investment 

Promotion Cell has been set up in the Ministry 

of Power. 

Diversion Tunnel – Tehri Project Upstream

2. POWER SECTOR 

—HIGHLIGHTS 

2.1 POWER GENERATION 

The actual energy generation in 1993-94 was 

323531 MUs consisting of 247757 MUs 

Thermal, 5399 MUs Nuclear and 70375 MUs 

Hydro, as against the target of 316700 MUs. 

The generation during 1993-94 was 7.4% 

more as compared to 1992-93. Thermal 

generation registered an increase of 10.3% 

over 1992-93. The generation programme for 

1994-95 is 352000 MUs consisting of 274700 

MUs Thermal, 8300 MUs Nuclear and 69000 

MUs Hydro. The generation programme 

envisages an increase of about 8.9% over the 

actual generation during 1993-94. Energy 

generation during the period April to Dec., 

1994 as compared to the programme and to 

the corresponding period of the previous years 

is given below: 

April to Dec., 1994 

(Figures in Million Units) 

Type of Programme Actual Actual % of the % of the 

Generation 1994 1994 1993 Progr- corresamme 

ponding 

Period/ 

last year 

Thermal 193638 189234 178480 97.7 106.0 

Nuclear 6018 3780 4264 62.8 88.6 

Hydro 54787 64857 55117 118.4 117.7 

TOTAL 254443 257871 237861 101.3 108.4 

2.2 PLANT LOAD FACTOR (PLF) OF 

THERMAL STATIONS 

(i) Thermal capacity, at present constitutes about 

70% of the total installed capacity, in the 

country, and contributes about 76% of the total 

power generation. At the beginning of the 

6th Five Year Plan, the performance of the 

5 

thermal power stations was unsatisfactory with 

the All India average plant load factor of 44.3% 

only. To improve their performance, a number 

of measures were taken to achieve the optimum 

utilisation of the existing thermal units. At the 

beginning of 7th Five Year Plan i.e. 1985-86, the 

all India average PLF improved to 52.4% and 

further increased to 56.5% in 1987-88 which 

was the highest achieved in any year. During 

1993-94 the PLF was 61.0% which is the highest 

ever achieved. During the period April, 1994 to 

Dec., 1994 the All India PLF has been 57.5%. 

During this period the following State Electricity 

Boards/Corporations achieved PLF higher than 

the All India average of 57.5%. 

SL. State Electricity Boards/ 

No. Corporations PLF (%) 

1. Rajasthan 73.6 

2. Maharashtra 59.3 

3. Andhra Pradesh 65.7 

4. Tamil Nadu 65.0 

5. Karnataka 62.2 

6. West Bengal Power 

Development Corporation 60.5 

7. NTPC 72.5 

8. Ahmedabad El. Co. 69.4 

9. Calcutta El. Supply Co. 76.4 

10. Tata Power Company Ltd. 59.6 

In the State Sector, Kota Thermal Power 

Station of RSEB, Khaperkheda II of MSEB, 

Vijayawada of APSEB and Mettur of TNEB 

achieved highest PLF of more than 70% 

during this period. In the private sector, CESC 

achieved the highest Plant Load Factor of 

76.4% during the same period. In the Central 

Sector, Singrauli (76.0%) Korba (75.3 %) and 

Vindhyachal (77.5%) Ramagundam (73.3%) 

and Farakka (75.2%) Super Thermal Power 

Stations of NTPC achieved the highest PLF 

during the same period.

The exhibit for “All India” Sectorwise PLF 

during April, 94 - December, 94 (cumulative) is 

as under : 

All India/Sector April ’94-Dec., ‘94 

(Percentage) 

All India 57.5 

Central Sector 65.8 

State Sector 52.7 

Private Sector 65.4 

Khaperkheda-II Power Station of M.S.E.B. 

achieved the highest PLF of 84.5% during 

April, 94 - December 1994. 

6 

2.3 INSTALLED CAPACITY 

(AS ON 31.03.1994) 

The All India installed capacity of electric 

power generating stations under utilities was 

76718.21 MW (Provisional) as on 31.03.94 

consisting of 20365.91 MW hydro, 54347.3 

MW thermal and 2005 MW nuclear, the 

hydro-thermal mix ratio being 26.5:73.5. 

2.4. INSTALLED CAPACITY 

(AS ON 31.12.94) 

The All India installed capacity of electric 

power generating stations under utilities was 

78709.71 MW (Provisional) as on 31.12.94 

consisting of 20419.91 MW hydro, 56284.8 

MW thermal and 2005 MW nuclear, the 

hydro-thermal mix ratio being 26.1 :73.9.

2.4.1 GENERATING PLANT INSTALLED CAPACITY 

AS ON 30.11.1994 ABSTRACT STATE-WISE 

SI. Region/ Installed Capacity (MW) 

No. State/U.T. Hydro Steam Gas DSL/Wind Sub-Total Nuclear Total 

S+G+D/W 

1. NORTHERN 

1. Haryana 883.90 892.50 0.00 3.92 896.42 0.00 1780.32 

2. Himachal 272.07 0.00 0.00 0.27 0.27 0.00 272.34 

3. J&K 180.31 0.00 150.00 6.76 156.76 0.00 337.07 

4. Punjab 1798.94 1700.00 0.00 0.00 1700.00 0.00 3498.94 

5. Rajasthan 966.93 975.00 3.00 0.00 978.00 0.00 1944.93 

6. U.P. 1504.55 4564.00 0.00 6.19 4570.19 0.00 6074.74 

7. Chandigarh 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.00 2.00 0.00 2.00 

8. Delhi 0.00 371.00 180.00 0.00 551.60 0.00 551.00 

9. Cen. Sec. (NR) 1415.00 4980.00 1882.00 0.00 6862.00 895.00 9172.00 

TOTAL (NR) 7021.70 13483.10 2215.00 19.14 15717.24 895.00 23633.94 

II. WESTERN 

1. Goa 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.11 0.00 0.16 

2. Guj-Total 425.00 4179.00 297.00 33.67 4509.67 0.00 4934.67 

-SEB 425.00 3729.00 198.00 33.47 3960.47 0.00 4385.47 

-AECo. 0.00 450.00 99.0 0.00 549.00 0.00 549.00 

-Surat EC 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.20 0.20 0.00 0.20 

3. M. P. 805.09 3017.50 0.00 0.00 3017.50 0.00 3822.59 

4. Mah-Total 1584.22 6655.00 1032.00 0.00 7687.00 0.00 9271.22 

-MSEB 1308.22 5505.00 912.00 0.00 6417.00 0.00 7725.22 

-TEC 276.00 1150.00 120.00 0.00 1270.00 0.00 1546.00 

-BSES 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 

5. D&N Haveli 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 

6. Daman & Diu 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 

7. Cen. Sec. (WR) 0.00 3360.00 1037.00 0.00 4397.00 640.00 5037.00 

TOTAL (WR) 2814.36 17211.50 2366.00 33.78 19611.28 640.00 23065.64 

III SOUTHERN 

1. A.P. 2592.94 2032.50 99.00 0.00 2131.50 0.00 4724.44 

2. Kar-Total 2408.20 840.00 0.00 127.92 967.92 0.00 3376.12 

-KEB 101.00 0.00 0.00 127.92 127.92 0.00 228.92 

-KPCL 2289.20 840.00 0.00 0.00 840.00 0.00 3129.20 

-Shivpur 18.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 18.00 

3. Kerala 1491.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1491.50 

4. Tamil Nadu 1944.95 2550.00 10.00 15.58 2575.58 0.00 4520.53 

5. Pondicherry 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 

6. Cen. Sec. (SR) 0.00 4170.00 0.00 0.00 4170.00 470.00 4640.00 

TOTAL (SR) 8437.59 9592.50 109.00 143.50 9845.00 470.00 18752.59 

7

SI. Region/ Installed Capacity (MW) 

No. State/U.T. Hydro Steam Gas DSL/Wind Sub-Total Nuclear Total 

S+G+D/W 

IV EASTERN 

1. Bih-Total 161.60 1603.50 0.00 0.00 1603.50 0.00 1765.10 

-BSEB 150.00 1603.50 0.00 0.00 1603.50 0.00 1753.50 

-BHPC 11.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.60 

2. Orissa 1271.92 680.00 0.00 0.00 680.00 0.00 1951.92 

3. W.B. - Total 46.51 3356.38 100.00 22.50 3478.88 0.00 3525.39 

-WBSEB 46.51 1020.00 60.00 22.50 1102.50 0.00 1149.01 

-WBPDC 0.00 1260.00 0.00 0.00 1260.00 0.00 1260.00 

-DPL 0.00 395.00 0.00 0.00 395.00 0.00 395.00 

-CESC 0.00 655.00 40.00 0.00 695.00 0.00 695.00 

-Deshergarh SC 0.00 26.38 0.00 0.00 26.38 0.00 26.38 

4. D.V.C. 144.00 2007.50 90.00 0.00 2097.50 0.00 2241.50 

5. Sikkim 30.89 0.00 0.00 2.70 2.70 0.00 33.59 

6. Cen.Sec. (ER) 0.00 2020.00 0.00 0.00 2020.00 0.00 2020.00 

TOTAL(ER) 1654.92 9667.38 190.00 25.20 9882.58 0.00 11537.50 

V. NORTH-EASTERN 

1. Ar.Pradesh 20.95 0.00 0.00 12.86 12.86 0.00 33.81 

2. Assam 2.00 330.00 224.50 20.69 575.19 0.00 577.19 

3. Manipur 2.60 0.00 0.00 9.41 9.41 0.00 12.01 

4. Meghalaya 186.71 5.00 0.00 2.05 7.05 0.00 193.76 

5. Mizoram 3.36 0.00 0.00 19.07 19.07 0.00 22.43 

6. Nagaland 3.20 0.00 0.00 3.62 3.62 0.00 6.82 

7. Tripura 16.01 0.00 32.50 4.85 37.35 0.00 53.36 

8. Cen Sec.(NER) 225.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 255.01 

TOTAL (NER) 489.84 335.00 257.00 72.55 664.55 0.00 1154.39 

VI ISLANDS 

1. A&N Islands 0.00 0.00 0.00 28.03 28.03 0.00 28.03 

2. Lakshdweep 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.12 5.12 0.00 5.12 

Total (Islands) 0.00 0.00 0.00 33.15 33.15 0.00 33.15 

CENTRAL SECTOR- 

INCLUDING D.V.C. TOTAL 1814.01 16537.50 3009.00 0.00 19546.50 2005.00 23365.51 

STATE SECTOR TOTAL 18310.40 31470.60 1869.00 327.12 33666.72 0.00 51977.12 

PRIVATE SECTOR TOTAL 294.00 2281.38 259.00 0.20 2540.58 0.00 2834.58 

SS+PS TOTAL 18604.40 33751.98 2128.00 327.32 36207.30 0.00 54811.70 

ALL INDIA TOTAL 20418.41 50289.48 5137.00 327.32 55753.80 2005.00 78177.21 

PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL 26.12 64.3 6.57 0.42 71.32 2.56 100.00 

8

2.5 GENERATING CAPACITY 

The aggregate capacity of 4439.25 MW 

consisting 954.65 MW hydro, 3254.60 MW 

thermal and 220 MW nuclear was targeted for 

commissioning during the year 1993-94. Against 

the targeted capacity, the total 

generating capacity commissioned/rolled during the year 

1993-94 was 4538.75 MW consisting of 797.15 MW 

hydro and 3741.60 MW thermal. 

Type Programme for 1993-94 Achievement during 1993-94 

Cs SS PS Total Cs SS PS Total 

Hydro 770 184.65 - 954.65 655 142.15 - 797.15 

Thermal 1213 1951.60 100 3264.60 1685 1936.60 120 3741.60 

Nuclear 220 - - 220.00 - - - - 

Total 2203 2136.25 100 4439.25 2340 2078.75 120 4538.75 

2.5.1 Generating capacity addition programme 

and achievement during 1994-95 

Based on the status of various ongoing 

projects a capacity addition programme of 

4818.75 MW consisting of 473.25 MW 

hydro, 4125.50 MW of thermal and 220 MW of nuclear 

was drawn for the year 1994-95. An aggregate capacity 

of 1991.5 MW consisting of 54.0 MW hydro and 1937.5 

MW thermal has been added during 1994-95 up to end 

December l994. 

2.6 CAPACITY ADDITIONS PROGRAMME & ACHIEVEMENT DURING 1994-95 

9

2.8 GENERATING CAPACITY ADDITION PROGRAMME 

FOR THE YEAR 1994-95 (PROJECT/REGION WISE) 

Sector State Impl. Unit Name U. No. Type Unit Actual/Expected 

Agency MW Capacity Comm. Schedule 

NORTHERN REGION 

CS J&K NHPC SALAL II 3 H 115.00 01/95 

SS J&K JKPDC KARGIL 1 H 1.25 01/95 



SS J&K JKPDC PAMPORE ST 4 T 25.00 10/95 

SS DELHI DESU IPWH 1 T 34.00 01/94 

SS RAJ RSEB RAMGARH ST 1 T 3.00 05/94 

SS RAJ RSEB RAMGARH ST 2 T 35.50 12/94 

SS UP UPSEB ANPARA’B’ 5 T 500.00 07/94 

SUB-TOTAL (NR) 716.25 

WESTERN REGION 

SS MP MPEB HASDEO BANGO 2 H 40.00 08/94 

SS MP MPEB HASDEO BANGO 3 H 40.00 11/94 

CS GUJ NTPC GANDHAR CCST 3 T 131.00 07/94 

PS MAH TEC TROMBAY CC ST 1 T 60.00 10/94 

PS MAH BSES DAHANU 1 T 250.00 10/94 

PS MAH BSES DAHANU 2 T 250.00 03/95 

SS MAH MSEB BHIRA PSS 1 H 150.00 03/95 

SS MAH MSEB SURYA 1 H 6.00 03/95 

SS MAH MSEB MANIKDOH 1 H 6.00 03/95 

SS MAH MSEB DINBHE 1 H 5.00 03/ 95 

SS MAH MSEB URAN WH 2 T 120.00 09/94 

CS GUJ NPCL KAKRAPAR 2 N 220.00 09/94 

SUB-TOTAL (WR) 1278.00 

11

Sector State Impl. Unit Name U. No. Type Unit Actual/Expected 

Agency MW Capacity Comm. Schedule 

SOUTHERN REGION 

SS AP APSEB UPPER SILERU 2 H 60.00 02/ 95 

SS AP APSEB RAYALSEEMA 2 T 210.00 09/95 

SS AP APSEB VIJAYAWADA 6 T 210.00 03/ 95 

SS KAR KPCL RAICHUR 4 T 210.00 10/ 94 

SS TN TNEB NORTH MADRAS 1 T 210.00 10/ 94 

SS TN TNEB NORTH MADRAS 2 T 210.00 03 / 95 

SS TN TNEB BASIN BRIDGE GT 1 T 30.00 02/ 95 

SS KER KSEB KALLADA 1 H 7.50 08/ 94 

SUB-TOTAL (SR) 1147.50 

EASTERN REGION 

CS BIH NTPC KAHALGAON 3 T 210.00 03/ 95 

SS BIH TVNL TENUGHAT 1 T 210.00 04/ 94 

SS BIH BHPC E. GANDAK CANAL 1 H 5.00 07/ 94 

SS BIH BHPC E. GANDAK CANAL 2 H 5.00 08/94 

SS BIH BHPC E. GANDAK CANAL 3 H 5.00 09/94 

SS ORI OPGC IB VALLEY 1 T 210.00 04/ 94 

SS ORI OPGC IB VALLEY 2 T 210.00 12/ 94 

CS ORI NTPC TALCHER 1 T 500.00 08/ 94 

CS WB DVC MEJIA 1 T 210.00 02/95 

SS WB WBPDC RAMMAN II 1 H 12.50 02/ 95 

SS WB WBPDC RAMMAN II 2 H 12.50 03/ 95 

SUB-TOTAL (ER) 1590.00 

NORTH EASTERN REGION 

CS ASSAM NEEPCO KATHALGURI GT 1 T 33.50 01/95 

CS ASSAM NEEPCO KATHALGURI GT 2 T 33.50 02/95 

SS ASSAM ASEB LAKWA GT II 7 T 20.00 10/94 

SUB-TOTAL (NER) 87.00 

TOTAL ALL INDIA 4818.75 

12

2.9 SUMMARY OF GENERATING CAPACITY ADDITION PROGRAMME FOR THE 

YEAR 1994-95 (SECTOR/REGION WISE) 

Type Central Sec. State Sec. Private Sec. Total 

CAP(MW) NOU CAP (MW) NOU CAP (MW) NOU CAP (MW) NOU 


Hydro 115.00 1 3.75 3 0.00 0 118.75 4 

Thermal 0.00 0 597.50 5 0.00 0 597.50 5 

Nuclear 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 

TOTAL (NR)115.00 1 601.25 8 0.00 0 716.25 9 


Hydro 0.00 0 247.00 6 0.00 0 247.00 6 

Thermal 131.00 1 120.00 1 560.00 3 811.00 5 

Nuclear 220.00 1 0.00 0 0.00 0 220.00 1 

TOTAL (WR) 351.00 2 367.00 7 560.00 3 1278.00 12 


Hydro 0.00 0 67.50 2 0.00 0 67.50 2 

Thermal 0.00 0 1080.00 6 0.00 0 1080.00 6 

Nuclear 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 

TOTAL (SR) 0.00 0 1147.50 8 0.00 0 1147.50 8 

EASTERNREGION 

Hydro 0.00 0 40.00 5 0.00 0 40.00 5 

Thermal 920.00 3 630.00 3 0.00 0 1550.00 6 

Nuclear 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 

TOTAL (ER)920.00 3 670.00 8 0.00 0 1590.00 11 


Hydro 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 

Thermal 67.00 2 20.00 1 0.00 0 87.00 3 

Nuclear 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 

TOTAL(NER)67.00 2 20.00 1 0.00 0 87.00 3 

ALL INDIA 

Hydro 115.00 1 358.25 16 0.00 0 473.25 17 

Thermal 1118.00 6 2447.50 16 560.00 3 4125.50 25 

Nuclear 220.00 1 0.00 0 0.00 0 220.00 1 

TOTAL (IND) 1453.00 8 2805.75 32 560.00 3 4818.75 43 

NOU = NUMBER OF UNITS 

13

2.10 DETAILS OF UNIT (S) COMMISSIONED DURING APRIL-DECEMBER, 1994 

SI. Name of Project Capacity (MW) State/ Date of 

No. and Unit No. Execut. 

Prog. Ach. Agency Roll. Comm. 

HYDRO 

1. Thirot U-l* - 1.5 HP/HPSEB 28.11.94 - 

2. Hasdeo BangoU-2 40 40 MP/MPEB 18.11.94 21.11.94 

3. Hasdeo Bango U-3 40 - MP/MPEB - - 

4. Kallada U-1 7.5 7.5 Ker/KSEB 19.06.94 21.07.94 

5. E. Gandak Canal U-1 5 5 Bih/BHPC 29.07.94 04.08.94 

6. E. Gandak Canal U-2 5 - Bih/BHPC - - 

7. E. Gandak Canal U-3 5 - Bih/BHPC - - 

Total (H) 102.5 54.0 

THERMAL 

1. Pampore GT-4 25 - J&K/JKPDC - - 

2. Ramgarh GT-1 3 3 Raj/RSEB - 15.11.94 

3. Ramgarh GT-2 35.5 - Raj/RSEB - - 

4. Anpara ‘B’ U-5 500 500 UP/UPSEB - 04.07.94 

5. Gandhar GT-3 131 131 Guj/NTPC - 20.05.94 

6. Uran WHRU-2 120 120 Mah/MSEB - 28.10.94 

7. Trombay CCST 60 60 Mah/TEC - 09.12.94 

8. Dahanu U-1 250 250 Mah/BSES 31.12.94 - 

9. Rayalseema U-2 210 - AP/APSEB - - 

10. Raichur U-4 210 210 Kar/KPCL - 29.09.94 

11. N. Madras U-1 210 210 TN/TNEB - 25.10.94 

12. Tenughat U-1 210 210 Bih/TVNL - 14.04.94 

13. Ib-Valley U-1 210 210 Ori/OPGC - 22.05.94 

14. Ib-Valley U-2 210 - Ori/OPGC - - 

15. Talcher U-1 500 - Ori/NTPC - - 

16. Lakwa GT-II-7 20 - Assam/ASEB - - 

17. Kathalguri GT-1 - 33.5 Assam/NEEPCO 30.12.94 - 

(Crank) 

Total (T) 2904.5 1937.5 

NUCLEAR 

1. Kakrapar U-2 220 - Guj/NPCL - - 

Total (N) 220 - 

Total (H + T + N) 3227.0 1991.5 

* From outside the programme of 1994-95. Information received late. 

14

2.11 THERMAL UNITS TARGETTED FOR COMMISSIONING DURING 1994 

SI. Name of Project/ State/ Capacity Commissioning Schedule 

No. Unit No. Orgn. (MW) as envisaged by Actual/ 

CEA at begining Now 

CENTRAL SECTOR 

of the year expected 

1. Gandhar GT-3 GUJ/NTPC 131 7/94 20.05.94 (Actual) 

2. Talcher-1 ORI/NTPC 500 8/94 2/95 

3. Kahalgaon-3 BIH/NTPC 210 3/95 3/95 (Critical) 

4. Mejia WB/DVC 210 295 Slipping b’yd 94-95 

5. Kathalguri GT-1 ASM/NEEPCO 33.50 1/95 2/95 

6. Kathalguri GT-2 ASM/NEEPCO 33.50 

1118.00 

1/95 2/95 

STATE SECTOR 

1. DESU WHR-1 DEL/DESU 34 1/95 1/95 

2. Pampore St.II GT4 JK/PDCL 25 10/94 12/94 

3. Ramgarh GT-1 RAJ 3 5/94 15.11.94 (Actual) 

4. Ramgarh GT-2 RAJ 35.5 12/94 3/94 

5. Anpara ‘B’-5 UP 500 7/94 4.7.94 (Actual) 

6. Dahanu-1 MAH/BSES 250 10/94 12/94 

7. Dahanu-1 MAH/BSES 250 3/95 3/95 (Critical) 

8. Trombay ST MAH/TEC 60 10/94 12/94 

9. Uran WHRP-2 MAH 120 9/94 28.10.94 (Actual) 

10. Rayalseema-2 AP 210 9/94 12/94 

11. Vijayawada-6 AP 210 3/95 3/95 

12. Raichur-4 KAR/KPC 210 10/94 29.9.94 (Actual) 

13. N. Madras-1 TN 210 10/94 25.10.94 (Actual) 

14. N. Madras-2 TN 210 3/ 95 3/95 (Critical) 

15. Basin Bridge GT-1 TN 30 2/95 3/95 (Critical) 

16. Tenughat-I BIH/TVNL 210 4/94 14.4.94 (Actual) 

17. Ib-1 ORI/OPGC 210 4/94 25.5.94 (Actual) 

18. Ib-2 ORI/OPGC 210 12/94 3/95 

19. Lakwa GT-7 ASM 20 

3007.5 

10/94 3/95 

Total (CS + SS) 4125.5 

2.12 8TH PLAN OUTLAYS 

Approved outlay during Approved outlay during 

Annual plans (Rs. crores) 8th plan (Rs. crores) 

1992-93 1993-94 1994-95 1992-97 

STATE SECTOR 8532.93 8958.45 9991.91 48,407.74 

CENTRAL SECTOR 6411.00 7461.46 8458.54 31,181.58 

Total 14943.93 16419.91 18450.45 79,589.32 

15

2.14 AWARDS 

2.14.1 Meritorious Productivity Reward Scheme 

for Thermal Generation. 

(i) The Meritorious Productivity Rewards 

Scheme for the stations which was started in 

1983-84 is being continued. The objective of 

the scheme is to maximise thermal generation 

by motivating the employees working in 

various thermal power stations by providing 

financial incentives to them for significant 

increase in thermal generation. For the year 

1992-93, the following power stations 

received cash awards under the scheme 

Name of Station 

1. Vijayawada 

2. Kota 

3. Ramagundam STPS 

4. Mettur 

5. Kolaghat 

6. Bhatinda 

7. Unchahar 

8. Kutch Lignite 

9. Singrauli STPS 

10. Ropar 

11. Bokaro ‘B’ 

12. Anta GPP 

13. Rihand STPS 

14. Korba STPS 

15. Vindhyachal STPS 

16. Durgapur TPS(DVC) 

17. Korba (East) 

18. Korba (West) 

19. Khaperkhera 

20. Parli 

21. Chandrapur 

22. Tuticorin 

23. Raichur 

24. Bandel 

25. Satpura (Consolation) 

26. Amarkantak (Consolation) 

17 

(ii) Vijayawada, Singrauli STPS, Rihand STPS, 

Anta, Korba STPS, Ramagundam STPS, 

Bhatinda, Kota, Korba (West), Khaperkhera and 

Mettur received a shield in addition to the Cash 

award. 

(iii) The Chief Executives of Vijayawada Stations 

were awarded Silver medals. While Chief 

Executive of Singrauli STPS, Rihand STPS, 

Korba STPS, Ramagundam STPS, Kota, 

Khaperkhera and Mettur were awarded 

Bronze medals. 

2.14.2 Award for Economic & Efficient Operation 

of Thermal Power Stations 

(i) A new award scheme for thermal power 

stations for achieving economic and efficient 

performance has been introduced by Ministry 

of Power from 1992. Under this scheme 

power stations which achieve more than a 

specified improvement in their secondary fuel 

oil consumption and auxiliary power 

consumption as compared to that of the 

previous year would be rewarded by the 

Government. Rewards under this scheme was 

distributed for the first time during the year 

1993-94 based on the performance of 

participating thermal power stations during the 

calendar year 1992. Total reward was 314.70 

lakhs out of which Rs. 212.37 lakhs was for 

saving in specific secondary fuel oil 

consumption given to 24 stations, which 

together saved oil of the order of 1 lakh kilolitre, 

and Rs.102.3 lakhs for reduction in auxiliary 

power consumption given to 16 stations. 

(ii) For the calendar year 1993, award under 

reduction in specific secondary fuel oil 

consumption is recommended for 34 stations 

while under category of reduction in Auxiliary 

power consumption, 11 stations have been 

covered.

3. RENOVATION AND 

MODERNISATION (R & M) 

PROGRAMME OF POWER 

STATIONS 

3.1 R & M PROGRAMME (PHASE-I) OF 

THERMAL POWER STATIONS 

(i) With a view to improving the performance of 

34 old thermal power stations, covering 163 

units aggregating to 13555.5 MW, this 

programme was launched in 1984. The latest 

sanctioned cost of the schemes covered under 

the programme is Rs. 1174.01 crore, 

comprising Rs. 431.43 crore under Central 

Loan Assistance (CLA) and Rs. 742.58 crore 

under State Plan/Own Resources. The 

programme was anticipated to give an 

additional generation of 7000 MUs per annum 

by improving the overall PLF of units covered 

by 7%. 

(ii) Financial Progress (Rs. crore) 

CLA SP TOTAL 

Expenditure 

upto 3/94 

366.65 596.02 962.67 

Outlay 1994-95 

Annual Expenditure/ 

6.05 83.96 90.01 

release upto 12/94 

Total expenditure 

1.33 6.95 8.28 

upto 12/94 367.98 602.97 970.95 

(iii) Physical Progress 

Out of total 1163 Nos. of activities under 

CLA, 1094 (94.01%) have been completed 

and out of 600 nos. of activities under SP/ 

OR, 470 (78.33%) have been completed. The 

balance activities are expected to be 

completed by 1995-96. 

(iv) Constraints faced during implementation 

i) Inadequate flow of funds from State 

Governments. 

ii) Non-availability due to shut-down of 

units. 

18 

iii) Accidents 

iv) Liquidation of ABL 

v) Additional activities included later for 

pollution control measures. 

(v) Achievements 

Against the target of 7000 MUs, additional 

generation per annum by some of the units, 

where substantial R&M work has been carried 

out, is as follows : 

1988-89 11000 MU 

1989-90 10800 MU 

1990-91 10700 MU 

1991-92 9500 MU 

1992-93 10462 MU 

1993-94 10938 MU 

1994-95 (lst QTR) 3126.5 MU (APR-JUN) 

1994-95 (2nd QTR) 1930.4 MU (JUL-SEP) 

1994-95 (3rd QTR) 2777.34 MU (OCT-DEC) 

3.2 R&M PROGRAMME (PHASE-II) OF 

THERMAL POWER STATIONS 

On achieving encouraging results from R&M 

programme (Phase-I), R&M Programme 

(Phase-II) was started in the year 1991-92. 

This programme covers 212 units of 47 old 

thermal power stations, with aggregated 

capacity of 21671.435 MW and a total latest 

sanctioned cost of Rs. 2105.23 crores. The 

programme is anticipated to give an additional 

generation of 8750 MUs by improving the 

overall PLF by 5% from 51.5% to 56%. The 

programme is also anticipated to extend the 

life of some units of Neyveli, Amarkantak, 

Korba-II, Satpura I and Kothagudem (B) TPS 

aggregating to a total capacity of 1402.5 MW 

by 15-20 years. The programme, on 

completion, will also increase the peaking 

capacity of certain units by a total of 100 MW. 

3.2.1 Progress 

(i) Physical 

Out of total 1634 activities, 327 have been 

completed, 1307 are under progress as on 

31.12.94.

(ii) Financial 

Expenditure upto 3/94 Rs. 382.83 cr. 

Outlay 1994-95 Rs. 460.97 cr. 

Annual Expenditure/release Rs. 54.53 cr. 

1994-95 upto 12/94 

Total Expenditure upto 12/94 Rs. 437.36 cr. 

(iii) Constraints 

Out of total 46 approved schemes, 21 are being 

partly funded by PFC / WB, 5 schemes are 

funded from their own resources. The progress 

of remaining 20 schemes pertaining to HSEB, 

UPSEB, BSEB, WBSEB, ASEB, DPL and 

DVC is however, very critical because of 

paucity of funds. 

3.3 Renovation, Modernisation and Uprating of 

Hydro-electric Power Stations 

(i) A programme for renovation, modernisation 

and uprating (RM&U) of Hydro Power 

Stations was formulated by Central Electricity 

Authority and presently 55 schemes have been 

identified under this programme with an 

aggregate capacity of 9658 MW. On a 

preliminary assessment, the programme would 

yield a benefit of 340 MW by way of 

restoration of lost capacity; additional 519 MW 

capacity by way of uprating and 1337 MW as 

19 

prevention of capacity loss. The Restoration, 

Uprating and prevention of capacity loss efforts 

would yield 6709 million units of additional 

energy annually. The estimated cost of the 

programme is approximately Rs. 1260 crores. 

(ii) Out of 55 schemes, 32 schemes have already been 

cleared by CEA at an estimated cost of Rs. 652 

crores. The benefits expected after 

implementation of these Renovation schemes 

are 1548 MW and 4050 MU per annum. Out 

of these 32 schemes, 4 schemes have already 

been implemented and balance 28 schemes are 

under various stages of implementation. Total 

estimated cost of these 28 schemes is Rs. 635 

crores and the benefits expected after 

implementation of renovation works are 1476 

MW and 3679 MU per annum. 

(iii) The DPRs for 6 schemes are under processing/ 

examination in CEA and the DPRs for the 

remaining 17 schemes are yet to be received 

from the Utilities/SEBs. 

(iv) During the year, Desk Review Clearance of 

Sub-Station Equipments of Hirakud-(Burla) 

H.E. Power Station has been made at an 

estimated cost of Rs. 9.85 crores. 

The country’s largest training simulator at Korba.

4. TRANSMISSION 

(i) Transmission line projects continue to be 

accorded a high priority in the context of the 

need to evacuate power from the Central 

Generating Stations to the beneficiary state. 

The programme for 1994-95 in the Central and 

State Sector included construction of 1506 

Ckm. of 400KV lines and 3100 Ckm. of 220 

KV lines alongwith the associated substations. 

(ii) The progress achieved during the year 1994- 

95 (upto Nov., 94) in the construction of 

transmission lines and substations is 

summarised below : 

400KV lines 995 Ckm. 

220 KV lines 1757 Ckm. 

400 KV Substation 1130 MVA. 

220 KV Substation 1560 MVA. 

4.1 CENTRAL SECTOR TRANSMISSION 

SYSTEM 

Central Sector Transmission lines and 

substations completed during the year 1994- 

95 (Upto Nov. ’94) are listed in the following 

table 

Transmission Line Executing Length 

Agency (Ckm.) 

400 KV 

i) Durgapur-Jamshedpur S/C Powergrid 195 

ii) Kathalguri-Mariani D/C Powergrid 324 

Total 519 

220 KV 

i) Salal-Jammu S/C Powergrid 62 

ii) Hissar-Hissar D/C Powergrid 28 

iii) Salal-Kishenpur-Serna D/C Powergrid 322 

Total 412 

Substations 400/200 KV Executing MVA 

Agency 

1. Hissar II Powergrid 315 

20 

4.2 INTER-STATE TRANSMISSION LINES 

- CENTRALLY SPONSORED 

PROGRAMME 

(i) At the time of Fourth Five Year Plan several 

Inter-State and Inter-Regional Transmission 

Lines were planned to facilitate the integrated 

operation of the State Systems within the 

region. Loan assistance equivalent to the full 

cost of the scheme is extended to State 

Governments under the Centrally Sponsored 

Programme for construction of such Inter- 

State lines. 

(ii) Upto the end of Financial Year 1993-94, a 

cumulative sum of Rs. 330.69 crores were 

released to the States under the Programme 

and stringing of over 7000 ckm. of 400, 220, 

132 and 66 KV transmission lines have been 

completed. 

(iii) For the year 1994-95, the approved budget 

provision for releasing loan to utilities for 

Centrally Sponsored Inter-State Transmission 

Lines is Rs. 5 Crores inclusive of Rs. 1 Crore 

earmarked for DVC in respect of 220 KV 

Bokaro-Tenughat line. The requirement of 

funds for Inter-State links for the 8th Plan was 

reviewed as a part of mid-term appraisal 

exercise of the 8th Plan Power Programme. 

This exercise has taken into consideration 

various relevant factors such as, latest RCE, 

necessity or otherwise of taking up those interstate 

transmission lines not desired necessary 

any more in the changed power scenario etc. 

As a result of this detailed exercise, the revised 

requirement of funds for the year 1994-95 was 

assessed as Rs. 15 crores excluding 

requirements if any, for the Bokaro Tenughat 

220KV line for which no funds are now proposed 

to be released. Accordingly, the budgetary 

provision in Revised Estimate 1994-95 is being 

augmented to Rs. 10 Crores for meeting the 

requirement of funds for Inter-State 

Transmission Lines. 

4.3 TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION 

LOSSES 

(i) Due to concerted efforts, the Transmission

& Distribution losses for the country as a whole 

reduced from 22.83% during 1991-92 to 21.80% 

during 1992-93 thereby achieving a reduction of 

1.03%. 

(ii) Under the Incentive Scheme, launched by the 

Government of India in the year 1987-88, the 

SEBs/EDs and their Distribution Divisions/ 

cities/towns are awarded with shields on the 

basis of their performance in reduction of 

Transmission & Distribution losses. Cash 

awards are given to Distribution Division/ 

cities/towns of the Power Utilities which 

achieve a prescribed minimum reduction in 

T&D Losses. Individuals as-well-as institutions 

& organisations also qualify for grant of 

incentives for developing scientific devices or 

presenting new ideas which prove to be effective 

in saving energy by optimal utilisation of T&D 

system or better quality of power supply or 

improved efficiency of electrical appliances. 

(iii) For the year 1991-92, Karnataka Electricity 

Board, Tamil Nadu Electricity Board, 

Electricity Department of Pondicherry and 

four best performing Distribution Divisions/ 

cities/towns viz. Baroda City Circle (GEB), 

Tenali (APSEB), Indore city (MPEB), 

Pondicherry region (Electricity Department, 

Pondicherry) have been recommended for 

award of shields. Cash award of Rs. 3 lakhs 

to three Distribution Divisions of GEB. 

Rs. 1.23 lakhs to two Distribution Division of 

MPEB. Rs. 5.27 lakhs to seven Distribution 

Divisions of APSEB and Rs. 2 lakhs to 

Pondicherry region of Electricity Department 

of Pondicherry have also been recommended. 

4.4 INTEGRATED OPERATION OF GRIDS 

(i) The Regional Power Grids in the Northern, 

Western, Southern and Eastern Regions 

facilitate flow of power from surplus areas to 

deficit areas and assist in the optimum 

utilisation of the power availability in the 

country. 

21 

4.4.1 National Power Grid 

(i) The Union Cabinet in 1980 approved in principle 

the establishment of a Centrally owned and 

operated National Power Grid. The National 

Power Grid would eventually comprise strong 

Regional networks with suitable synchronous 

(HVDC) links between the regions. Already 

19,747 Ckt.Kms of 400 kv lines and 6,283 Ckt. 

Kms of lines at 220kv level have been 

constructed in the Central Sector, upto November 

1994. An inter-regional link (Vindhyachal 2x250 

MW HVDC back-toback) connecting Western 

and Northern Regions is also in operation. These 

as well as other AC links between regions form 

the important components of the National Power 

Grid today. 

(ii) In October, 1989 Government of India 

established the Power Grid Corporation of India 

Limited (POWERGRID) to further accelerate 

the development of the National Power Grid. 

The POWERGRID have already taken over 

most of the existing Central Sector transmission 

systems. The POWERGRID also propose to 

take up schemes for further strengthening of the 

Regional Power Grids and establish HVDC 

back-to-back inter-regional links. 

(iii) Although the Regional Grids have already 

been inter-connected, paving way for 

formation of a National Grid, further 

strengthening of intra-regional and interregional 

tie lines would be needed to enable 

increased power exchanges and achieve 

improved economy and reliability. This is a 

continuous process and projects are being 

taken up during each plan period depending 

upon the requirements of inter-regional 

power exchanges and the funds availability. 

4.4.2 National HVDC Project 

(i) The first stage of National HVDC project 

converting existing 220KV DC-AC line between 

Lower Sileru (A.P.) and Barsoor

(M.P.) to 100 KV, 6 pulse operation, DC link 

has been completed at a total cost of Rs. 29.21 

crores. The DC link is in operation since 

October, 1991. The second stage of uprating 

this link to 200 MW, 200 KV, 12 pulse 

operation HVDC at an estimated cost of 

Rs. 103.98 crores (excluding customs duty) 

within a time frame of 48 months has been 

approved by Government of India in 

September, 1993. The finance for the second 

stage will be met by DHI Rs. 30 crores and 

22 

Deptt. of Electronics, Ministry of Power, BHEL, 

APSEB and MPEB each Rs. 15 crores. 

(ii) The ordering action for all main equipments has 

been taken up and internal orders have been 

issued on BHEL. Out of the total 

Rs. 16.75 crores received for the year 1993- 

94, Rs. 11.00 crores have already been paid 

towards advances, etc. 

(iii) The system engineering and simulator studies 

for dynamic performance are in the advanced 

stage of completion.

5. RURAL ELECTRIFICATION 

PROGRAMME 

(i) During the year 1994-95 (upto the end of 

November, 1994) 1090 inhabited villages 

have been declared as electrified and 1,94,177 

pumpsets energised against the target of 3,708 

village electrification and 2,80,119 pumpsets 

energisation respectively, for the year as a 

whole. It is envisaged that the targets for the 

year.,will be achieved during the fourth 

quarter of the year. Cumulatively, 4,95,281 

villages have been electrified and 10470221 

23 

pumpsets/Tubewell have been energised as on 

30.11.1994 in States and Union Territories, as per 

details given in the Statements ‘A’ and ’B’. 

Out of a total of 1,11,886 tribal villages in the country, 

77,907 villages constituting 69.63% have been 

electrified as on 30.9.1994. Similarly, 2,61,849 

Harijan Bastis have also been electrified so far. The 

Kutir Jyoti Scheme was continued during 1993-94 and 

1994-95. The scheme is financed from Central grant 

which is routed through Rural Electrification 

Corporation.

STATEMENT ’A’ 

PROGRESS REPORT IN RESPECT OF ELECTRIFICATION OF VILLAGES 

AS ON 30.11.1994 

Sl. States/UTs Total Achieve- Achieve- Target Achieve- Total 

No. No. of ment ment for ment Achievevillages 

as on during year during ment 

(1981 31.3.93 93-94 94-95 94-95 upto 

census) (upto Nov) 11-94 

1. Andhra Pradesh 27379 27358 - - - 27358 

2. Arunachal Pradesh 3257 1759 80 140 38 1877 

3. Assam 21995 21481 14 100 Nil 21495 

4. Bihar 67546 47498 205 200 12 47715 

5. Goa 386 377 - - - 377 

6. Gujarat 18114 17892 - - - 17892 

7. Haryana 6745 6745 - - - 6745 

8. Himachal Pradesh 16807 16761 - - - 16761 

9. Jammu & Kashmir 6477 6175 6 5 4 6185 

10. Karnataka 27028 26483 - - - 26483 

11. Kerala 1219 1219 - - - 1219 

12. Madhya Pradesh 71352 65468 751 250 647 66866 

13. Maharashtra 39354 39106 - - - 39106 

14. Manipur 2035 1697 85 100 28 1810 

15. Meghalaya 4902 2384 23 100 Nil 2407 

16. Mizoram 721 567 50 50 8 625 

17. Nagaland 1112 1099 Nil - - 1099 

18. Orissa 46553 32682 226 220 26 32934 

19. Punjab 12342 12432 - - - 12342 

20. Rajasthan 34968 28460 711 750 146 29317 

21. Sikkim 440 405 - - - 405 

22. Tamil Nadu 15831 15822 - - - 15822 

23. Tripura 856 3228 200 220 43 3471 

24. Uttar Pradesh 112566 84256 650 1111 102 85008 

25. West Bengal 38024 28455 351 462 36 28842 

Total (States) 578009 489719 3352 3708 1090 494161 

Total (UTs) 1123 1120 - - - 1120 

Total (All India) 579132 490839 3353 3708 1090 495281 

(583003) (491977) 

24

PROGRESS REPORT IN RESPECT OF ENERGISATION OF PUMPSETS 

AS ON 30.11.1994 

STATEMENT ’B’ 

Sl. States/UTs Estimate Achieve- Achieve- Target Achieve- Total 

No. Ultimate ment ment for ment acheivecontential 

as on during year upto ment 

in terms of 31.3.93 93-94 94-95 Nov. 94 upto 

electric Nov. 94 

pumpsets 

1. Andhra Pradesh 1600000 1398049 106926 56000 45493 1550468 

2. Arunachal Pradesh - - - - - - 

3. Assam 200000 3675 Nil - - 3675 

4. Bihar 1000000 261100 1909 1000 886 263895 

5. Goa - 4677 406 - 243 5326 

6. Gujarat 700000 512780 18766 20000 6909 538455 

7. Haryana 430000 396639 4207 9000 2139 402985 

8. Himachal Pradesh 10000 3755 210 150 123 4088 

9. Jammu & Kashmir 15000 2920 250 100 122 3292 

10. Karnataka 850000 869461 47865 29000 33946 951272 

11. Kerala 300000 265224 10759 1000 6407 282390 

12. Madhya Pradesh 1300000 1003900 38478 12000 9005 1051383 

13. Maharashtra 1800000 1760976 65088 48000 29302 1855366 

14. Manipur 10000 45 Nil - - 45 

15. Meghalaya 10000 65 Nil - - 65 

16. Mizoram - - - - - - 

17. Nagaland 10000 172 4 - - 175 

18. Orissa 500000 61428 2607 3500 412 64447 

19 Punjab 700000 639343 29520 15000 9632 678495 

20. Rajasthan 600000 439120 25429 25000 15116 479665 

21. Sikkim 5000 - - - - - 

22. Tamil Nadu 1500000 1402858 42793 40000 28350 1474001 

23. Tripura 10000 1608 90 100 25 1723 

24. Uttar Pradesh 2400000 694902 27031 192690 4949 726882 

25. West Bengal 500000 94710 2278 1000 686 97674 

Total (States) 14450000 9817407 424616 280119 193745 10435768 

Total (UTs) 50000 33747 274 - 432 34453 

Total (All India) 14500000 9851154 424890 280119 194177 10470221 

25

6. COOPERATION WITH 

NEIGHBOURING COUNTRIES IN 

HYDRO POWER. 

6.1 INDO-BHUTAN COOPERATION IN 

POWER DEVELOPMENT 

India and Bhutan have followed a policy of 

mutual cooperation towards economic 

development in Bhutan. Power as a basic 

infrastructure for development has therefore 

been a key area of cooperation. 

6.2 CHUKHA PROJECT 

The first major step in this direction had been 

the setting up of 336 MW Chukha 

Hydroelectric Project in Bhutan at a cost of 

Rs. 243.71 crores with Indian technical and 

financial assistance under an agreement 

signed in March, 1974. The first unit of the 

Project was commissioned in September, 

1986 and all the four units of 84 MW in 

August, 1988. Since then the project has been 

generating power, the bulk of which has been 

exported to India. Bhutan has earned the 

entire cost of the Project in about five years 

time by export of power to India alone besides 

their internal consumption. 

6.3 NEW PROJECTS BEING TAKEN UP 

Gratified with the success of Chukha Project 

the Royal Govt. of Bhutan are keen on 

development of their Hydro Resources for the 

mutual benefit of the two countries. To this 

end, India and Bhutan have signed an 

agreement in February, 1994 for 

implementation of Kurichu Hydroelectric 

Project (3 x 15MW) in Western Bhutan at a 

cost of about Rs. 310 Crores on a turn-key 

basis through NHPC within a period of 

five years. India and Bhutan have agreed 

to execute Tala HE Project downstream 

of existing Chukha Project with an installed 

capacity of 1020 MW. Discussions have 

26 

been held between the two countries and 

modalities for implementation of this Mega 

Project are being worked out. 

6.4 OTHER POWER DEVELOPMENT 

AREAS 

India had constructed a number of Mini/ 

Micro Hydel Schemes at Thimpu (360 KW), 

Gidakom (1000 KW), Wangdi (300 KW), 

Gyesta (1500 KW), Khaling (600 KW), 

Chenary (750KW), Khalanzi (390 KW) and 

Lhuntshi (20 KW) during 1960-1980. These 

Projects have been identified for rehabilitation 

in a phased manner by the Govt. of India. 

Proposals for taking up implementation of 

new Mini/ Micro Hydel Schemes at Ungrichu, 

Yonglachu, Dongdichu and Chhalori are 

under consideration. 

NHPC Investigation work in progress at Kurichu 

H.E. Project site (Bhutan)

7. ENERGY CONSERVATION 

(i) India’s per capita commercial energy 

consumption is one of the lowest compared 

to not only the developed countries but among 

the developing countries as well. The demand 

for energy will continue to grow very rapidly 

with the increasing growth in GDP and 

population. The development strategy till 

recently has been biased towards the 

augmentation of production/capacity of 

energy sources. However, this strategy has 

led to widening of gap between demand and 

supply of energy. This gap can be bridged to 

a large extent by simultaneous emphasis on 

the efficient use of energy at the user’s end. 

(ii) Before liberalization of the economy, energy 

security and minimizing energy imports were 

the main factors responsible for taking up 

energy conservation activities. With 

liberalisation of the economy improving 

competitiveness through minimising energy 

costs, better returns on investment and 

limiting adverse environmental impact of 

energy production have also become 

important for energy conservation activities. 

(iii) A number of organisations are working in the 

country towards achieving energy 

conservation. However, their efforts are 

fragmented and need to be coordinated for 

achieving large scale energy savings. With 

this in view, the Government had set up an 

Energy Conservation Cell in the Ministry of 

Power in 1985 to formulate policy, to design 

the energy management programme and to 

ensure effective coordination between the 

various ministries and other entities. The 

Energy Management Centre is the executive 

agency under this policy function, designed 

to implement and monitor the energy 

conservation programmes and to provide 

policy guidance and advise on energy 

efficiency. 

(iv) The energy conservation measures initiated 

27 

by the Ministry of Power with the Energy 

Management Centre, acting as its Executive 

Agency has resulted in development of a 

network of Energy Management Advisory 

Service Centres through Lead Agencies to 

undertake energy audit services in the country. 

General awareness on Energy Conservation 

through information, dissemination and 

promotional campaigns has been achieved. 

Various Energy audit programmes taken up 

by these agencies and other studies have 

shown considerable energy saving potential. 

This potential can be realized by adopting low 

cost house keeping and minor process/ 

technological improvement measures. The 

payback period for such measure ranges from 

a few months to a maximum of 3 to 4 years. 

Studies have also been undertaken to evaluate 

specific technical and policy options. Steps 

have been taken for training of professionals 

to create capable energy managers and 

auditors and to educate consumers through 

publicity campaigns. 

(v) Awareness campaigns have led to create 

public awareness on the need to conserve 

energy countrywide. TV, Radio and Press 

have been widely used as the media for 

publicising Energy Conservation message. 

Hoardings conveying messages of energy 

conservation have also been displayed in 

important metros besides Kiosks and Bus Panels. 

Brochures and Literature bearing messages of 

Energy Conservation relating domestic and 

Industrial Sectors have also been printed and 

widely circulated. 

7.1 INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN 

ENERGY CONSERVATION 

(i) Ministry of Power has implemented the 

following Energy Conservation projects in 

cooperation with International agencies : 

- India-UNDP Project on Energy Audits in 

Selected Areas. 

- India-EC Bus Programme. 

- TCDC Working Groups (ESCAP)

(ii) As a result of implementing the above 

International Cooperation Projects, 7 Energy 

Management Advisory Centres have been 

developed through Lead Agencies to 

undertake energy audits and the findings of 

the energy audits have been disseminated to 

the target group through seminars and 

promotional campaigns. 

(iii) The following international cooperation 

projects have been approved for 

implementation. : 

1. lndo-German Technical Cooperation on 

Energy Conservation in Indian 

Industries in the State of Karnataka. 

The project is to be implemented within 

a period of four years. 

2. India-European Economic Communities 

Energy Management Cooperation 

Programme 

The first phase of the programme has 

already been completed. The second 

phase of the programme has been 

approved for implementation for a period 

of two years. 

(iv) Other international cooperation projects, 

which are at different stages of processing for 

approval are : 

1. Indo-Finnish energy cooperation 

programme in paper & pulp sector. 

2. Industrial energy efficiency in India with 

ODA funding. 

3. Demonstration project fund for energy 

conservation and environmental 

improvement in India (ADB). 

4. Programme for Asian Cooperation on 

Energy and the Environment (PACE-E). 

(v) Based on the successful development of seven 

self sustaining energy audit units under the 

two international cooperation programmes 

namely India-UNDP Project on Energy 

Audits in Selected Areas and India-EC Bus 

Programme, Government of India have 

approved the programme for developing 

energy audit agencies under the PROBE 

programme and four lead agencies 

28 

have been created for taking up audit in small 

and medium scale industries. 

(vi) Constant thrust towards reduction of fuel oil 

consumption in the thermal power stations all 

over the country is being given and as a result 

of efforts by Central Electricity Authority, 

Ministry of Power, State Electricity Boards 

and Power Generating Companies, the 

outcome has been encouraging. Central 

Electricity Authority is also managing the 

scheme of Incentive Awards for Reduction 

of Secondary Fuel Oil Consumption (SFDC) 

and Auxiliary Power Consumption (APC) in 

thermal power stations and all SEBs are 

responding very well. 

(vii) To tackle the problems of high T&D losses 

and to reduce them in a planned way, Central 

Electricity Authority has prepared 

comprehensive guidelines for “Reduction in 

T&D losses” and “Energy Audit in Power 

System”. Based on these guidelines, Power 

Utilities have formulated a number of system 

improvement schemes such as installation of 

Shunt capacitors for power factor correction, 

addition of new lines and sub-stations, 

optimum conductor loading, use of energy 

efficient equipment/metering and stepping-up 

of voltage level etc. The T&D losses have 

been reduced @ 1 per cent each year as 

targeted under the National Energy Efficiency 

Programme (NEEP). 

(viii) With a view to improving the performance of 

existing old power stations by replacement/ 

repair/ renovation of the system elements, a 

massive Renovation & Modernisation 

Programme-II for thermal power stations has 

been launched for implementation in the 

Eighth Plan and the benefits accrued so far 

are much more than the stipulated target. 

After completion of this scheme during the 

Eighth Plan an additional generation of 8750 

MU (equivalent to new additional capacity of 

1600 MW) at an estimated cost of Rs. 2005.49 

crores is expected. 

(ix) Due consideration has also been given in

the design of various system/sub-systems itself 

to promote the use of energy efficient 

technologies. In addition to cogeneration, 

various technologies developments such as 

Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle 

(IGCC), development of Fluidised Bed 

Combustion (FBC) boilers, use of gas turbine 

based combined cycle plants having high 

overall efficiency and enabling the use of low 

grade fuel oil instead of costly premium fuels 

in conventional coal fired boilers etc. are also 

being promoted in the field of generation of 

electrical energy. 

(x) Ministry of Power have sanctioned a number 

of schemes of Demonstration projects for 

rectification of pumpsets, system 

improvement in installation of energy 

efficient pumping system, installation of LT 

switched capacitors in Agricultural Sector, 

Energy Audit Schemes in industries and 

thermal power stations for reduction of fuel 

oil consumption and T&D losses by system 

improvement which resulted in saving of 

Energy from 25% to 30%. 

7.2 ENERGY CONSERVATION DAY: 

14TH DECEMBER 

(i) 14th December every year is being observed 

as the National Energy Conservation Day 

to set forth fresh targets for energy 

29 

conservation and rededicate ourselves to the 

motto “URJA BACHAO, URJA BADHAO”. 

(ii) As in the past, National Energy Conservation 

Day was organised on 14th December, 1994 

also and awards were given to indsutrial units 

which have done commendable work in the 

field of energy conservation. 

(iii) Improving the end-use energy efficiency in all 

sectors of economy has been high on the 

Government’s Agenda. Industrial Sector, 

consuming 50% of the commercial energy, has 

been given special attention. Many of the 

industrial units in sub-sectors like Steel, 

Chlor-alkali, Petro-chemicals, Textiles, 

Fertilizers, Pulp & Paper etc. are highly 

energy intensive. However, a number of units 

in these sub-sectors have been doing excellent 

work in improving their end use energy 

efficiency. To give such units national 

recognition, thereby projecting them as 

models to be emulated, the Ministry of Power 

introduced a scheme in 1989 for granting of 

“National Energy Conservation Awards” to 

such units. 

(iv) The Awards for the year 1994 were bagged by 

units in the Textile, Chlor-alkali, Refinery, 

Integrated Steel Plant, Chemical, 

Petrochemical and Pulp & Paper subsectors. 

Awards for the year 1994

8. PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION 

IN POWER GENERATION AND 

DISTRIBUTION 

(i) The policy to encourage greater private sector 

participation in electricity generation, supply 

and distribution was introduced in 1991 with 

amendments to the Electricity Act, 1910, and 

the Electricity (Supply) Act, 1948. These 

amendments widened the scope of private 

sector in the Power distribution and generation 

by permitting them to set up generating 

companies. The policy issued under these 

Acts provides the framework for private sector 

participation in the electricity sector. The 

response to the policy initiative has been quite 

encouraging which would be evident from the 

fact that so far 137 offers have been received 

for setting up power plants for a total capacity 

of 59,866 MW involving an investment of 

approx. Rs. 2,20,312 crores. 41 of these offers 

are from foreign private firms including NRIs 

and Joint Venture proposals. 13 of these 

proposals have been approved by the 

Government from the foreign investment 

angle. These projects are currently at an 

advanced stage for tying up finances and some 

of them are expected to reach financial closure 

soon. 

(ii) Private sector companies in power had existed 

from the beginning. About 5 private sector 

power companies were engaged in the 

business of generation, distribution and supply 

of electricity for a capacity of 3005 MW as 

licencees. These private companies are 

currently executing projects for a total new 

capacity of 1342 MW which is likely to be 

commissioned during the 8th plan. In 

addition, some of the gas based new proposals 

may also be commissioned during the 8th 

plan. 1775 MW is estimated to be added from 

such projects. Thus approx. 3117 MW can 

be expected to be added in private sector by 

the end of 8th plan. 

30 

(iii) Based on the experience gained with the initial 

batch of Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) 

for private power projects, Govt. has 

circulated detailed Principles for negotiating 

PPAs for Indian Private Power Projects by the 

State Govts./SEBs with a view to strengthen 

their capabilities in negotiating the PPAs. To 

add more clarity to the policy the tariff 

notification has been amended from time to 

time and the recent one is being done on 

12.1.95 wherein interalia liberalised tariff 

norms for hydroelectric projects have been 

notified. To add transparency to the system of 

finalising private power projects, the Government 

has decided in January, 95 that no Power Project 

proposal would be considered by CEA, if the 

Project is not awarded through competitive 

bidding. Detailed guidelines have also been 

issued to the State Governments for adopting 

competitive bidding. Government is also working 

on guidelines for encouraging private sector 

participation in renovation and modernisation and 

transmission and distribution Sectors. 

8.1 PRIVATE SECTOR COMPANY: ACC- 

BABCOCK LIMITED (ABL) 

(i) ACC-Babcock Limited (ABL) was established 

in 1962 specialising in the manufacture of Boilers 

and became one of the largest heavy engineering 

Companies in India with a wealth of expertise 

garnered from the renowned promoters and other 

well known organisations through technical 

collaboration. 

(ii) The manufacturing range of ABL, apart from 

Power and Industrial Boilers, includes Cement 

manufacturing machinery, Pressure vessels, 

Electrostatic Precipitators (ESPs), Air quality 

control systems, machinery for chemical, 

metallurgical, sugar, defence and mineral 

ore processing industry, miscellaneous 

engineering equipment and foundry 

products. ABL’s manufacturing Units are in 

Durgapur (West Bengal) and Shahabad 

(Karnataka). ABL has a subsidiary, namely

Babcock & Wilcox of India Ltd (BWIL) located 

in Calcutta, which specialises in erection and 

commissioning. 

ABL ceased functioning following filing of a 

winding-up petition before Bombay High 

Court by previous management in October, 

1986. Under an IDBI/BIFR package, which 

were approved by Government, ABL resumed 

operations in June 1988, under the 

administrative control of Ministry of Power 

(Government of India). The Department of 

Atomic Energy and Ministry of Power have 

extended a long term interest free loan to the 

extent of Rs. 13 crores each, totalling to Rs. 

26 crores. Financial Institutions led by IDBI 

have extended assistance for the revival of the 

Company. The State Governments of 

Karnataka & West Bengal have extended 

concessions regarding collection of Central 

Sales Tax from ABL’s Units located in these 

states. 

(iv) In 1992, the Government of India reiterated 

its commitment to the revival of ABL in terms 

of the rehabilitation package prepared by 

IDBI, retaining the existing structure of the 

Company. The rehabilitation process includes 

allocation of orders on ABL to optimise 

operations of the indigenous Units and also 

issuing of guarantees/counter guarantees to 

ABL for financial assistance. BIFR accorded 

31 

their sanction to the revised schemes of 

Rehabilitation of ABL prepared by IDBI on 

15.10.93. 

(v) During the year under review, ABL achieved 

an all time high Sales turnover of Rs. 204.64 

crores with a net profit of Rs. 10.13 crores 

which is a matter of great satisfaction. However, 

the Order Book position of the Company 

has dwindled considerably as no major order 

for Power Station, Boiler could be secured 

through Govt. of India as envisaged in the 

sanctioned Rehabilitation Scheme. Since the 

State bank of India also did not increase the 

Working Capital requirement of the Company 

as per Rehabilitation package, a serious cash 

crunch has been caused in the resources of the 

company, adversely affecting the current year’s 

production and operation results. Efforts are 

being made to improve the working results. 

Despite the adverse circumstances the 

Company is aiming at achieving a still 

higher sales turnover of Rs. 220 Crores with a 

net profit of Rs. 15 crores during the 

current year. 

(vi) The proposal of ABB for equity participation in 

the ABL has been considered by the BIFR, and 

the draft scheme has been publicised by them. 

The matter is scheduled for final hearing by 

BIFR in March, 1995.

9. CENTRAL ELECTRICITY 

AUTHORITY (CEA) 

(i) The Central Electricity Authority is a statutory 

Organisation constituted under the Electricity 

(Supply) Act 1948. It is an attached office of 

Ministry of Power. The main functions of 

the Authority are : 

(1) to formulate short-term and perspective 

plans for Power Development. 

(2) to collect data concerning generation, 

distribution and utilisation of power, 

study of cost efficiency, losses, benefits, 

publication of reports and investigations. 

(3) to advise the State Governments, 

Electricity Boards, generation companies 

or any other agency engaged in the 

generation or supply of electricity on such 

matters as would improve the operation 

and maintenance of their system in an 

efficient and coordinated manner. 

(4) to promote and assist in the timely 

completion of projects sanctioned in the 

power sector and to constantly monitor 

their implementation. 

(5) to make arrangements for advancing the 

skills of persons in the generation and 

distribution of electricity. 

(6) to promote research in matters affecting 

the generation, transmission and 

distribution of electricity. 

(7) to advise the Central Government on any 

matter on which its advice is sought or to 

make recommendations which would 

help in improving the generation, 

distribution and utilisation of electricity. 

(ii) In all technical, financial and economic 

matters, the Ministry of Power is assisted by 

the Central Electricity Authority (CEA). CEA 

is responsible for technical coordination and 

supervision of programmes and is also 

entrusted with a number of statutory functions. 

32 

CEA is headed by a Chairman, who is also Exofficio 

Secretary to the Government of India and 

has six full time Members, who are of the rank 

of Ex-officio Additional Secretaries to the 

Government of India. These are Member 

(Thermal), Member (Hydro), Member 

(Economic and Commercial), Member (Power 

Systems), Member (Planning) and Member (Grid 

and Operation). 

(iii) In addition, the Electricity Rules 1977 make it 

incumbent on the Central Electricity Authority 

to evaluate the financial performance of the 

State Electricity Boards and undertake studies 

concerning the economic and commercial 

aspects of the power industry as well as analysis 

of the tariff structure and promote inter-state 

and joint sector power projects. 

(iv) Under the provisions of Electricity (Supply) Act, 

1948, the Central Govt. has further added a few 

more functions to the Central Electricity 

Authority. These are : 

- Co-ordination of research and 

- 

development in the power generation 

field; 

Evaluation of financial performance of 

the SEBs constituted under Section 5 and 

undertaking of studies concerning the 

economic and commercial aspects of the 

power industry as well as analysis of the 

tariff structure in the power industry; 

- Techno-economic appraisal of power 

projects; 

- Promotion of inter-State and joint sector 

power projects. 

(v) Apart from the above functions provided 

under the Electricity (Supply) Act, 1948, the 

CEA also undertakes design and 

engineering of power projects with a view 

to developing in-house technical know-how 

and also to assist the State Electricity 

Boards, Generating Companies & State 

authorities requiring such assistance under

Section 3(l)(v) of the Electricity (Supply) Act, 

1948. 

(vi) Following are the 15 Subordinate Offices of 

the CEA : 

1. Southern Regional Electricity Board, 

Bangalore. 

2. Western Regional Electricity Board, 

Bombay. 

3. Eastern Regional Electricity Board, 

Calcutta. 

4. Northern Regional Electricity Board, 

New Delhi. 

5. North Eastern Regional Electricity 

Board, Shillong. 

6. Power Systems Training Institute, 

Bangalore. 

7. Hot line Training Centre, Bangalore. 

8-11 Regional Power Survey Organisations 

at New Delhi, Bangalore, Bombay, 

Calcutta. 

12-15 Regional Inspectional Organisations 

at Madras, Goa, New Delhi, Shillong 

As per a notification issued on 19.10.1994 

energy schemes estimated to involve a capital 

expenditure exceeding Rs. 100 crores shall be 

submitted to the Central Electricity Authority 

for its concurrence. 

9.1 TECHNO-ECONOMIC APPRAISAL OF 

SCHEMES BY CEA 

(i) Techno economic appraisal formation is 

responsible for examination of the schemes 

for proposed thermal power stations from 

techno economic angle. The schemes are 

cleared with a view to yielding benefits during 

different plan periods. This includes 

inspection of sites proposed for TPP, tying 

up of necessary inputs like coal, water, 

environmental clearances, civil aviation 

clearance etc and techno economic 

appraisal of thermal power projects before 

submitting any scheme to CEA for 

33 

according approval. CEA is also responsible for 

establishing the need for captive projects in public 

sector undertakings and to recommend the same 

whenever required and their analysis. Techno 

economic clearance of revised cost estimates in 

respect of earlier cleared/ ongoing schemes of 

public sector undertakings/SEBs is also the 

responsibility of formation. 

(ii) During the year 1994-95 upto 30th November, 

1994, 8 nos of new thermal power generating 

schemes/RCE were cleared from technoeconomic 

angle of CEA. The break-up of 

schemes which were cleared by CEA from 

utilities is as under 

Type of scheme : Utility/Licensee 

Total capacity (MW) : 3693 

No. of schemes : 7 in public sector and 

1 in Private sector 

Estd. cost (Rs. Lakh) : 1128717 

Break-up details of the schemes cleared by CEA: 

A New Thermal Schemes 

Sl. Name of Scheme Capacity Date of Estimated 

No. (MW) CEA cost 

clearance (Rs. Lakhs) 

Public Sector 

1. Gandhinagar Extn. 1x2l0 14.06.94 68200 

2. Faridabad CCGT Ph.1-NTPC 400 11.10.94 118144 

3. Kozhikode DGPP 120 11.10.94 35500 

4. Kayamkulam CCGT-NTPC 400 10.11.94 127160 

5. Kawas GTCC-NTPC 

(Revised cost estimates) 

656 19.5.94 142222 

6. Jhanor-Gandhar CCGT NTPC 

(Revised cost estimates) 

657 31.10.94 250000 

7. Talcher STPS 

Stage I (NTPC) 

2x500 12.8.94 254980 

Private Sector 

8. Neyveli (Zero Unit) TPS 250 19.8.94 132511 

by M / s ST-CMS Electric Co.

B. New Thermal Schemes (Under Private 

Sector) Cleared by CEA during 1994-95 

(Upto 12th December, 1994) 

SI. No. Name of the State/ Capacity Date of CEA 

project (MW) clearance 

1. 

Maharashtra 

Dabhol CCGT TPS by 2015 26.11.1993 

M/s Dabhol Power Co. 

M/s Enron Development 

Corpn.) 

Tamil Nadu 

& 14.7.1994 

2. Neyveli (Zero Unit) TPS 

by M/s ST-CMS Electric Co. 

(Promoted by M/s ST Power 

Systems, USA and CMS 

Generation, USA). 

Orissa 

1x250 19.8.1994 

3. Ib Valley TPS 

by M/s lb Valley Power Ltd. 

2x210 19.8.94 

(A joint Venture between AES 

Transpower - a Subsidiary of 

AES Corpn. USA & OPGCL). 

Schemes Accepted in Principle by CEA 

during 1994-95 (Upto 12th December, 1994) 

Sl. Name of the Project/ Capacity 

No. State 

Rajasthan 

(MW) 

1. Dholpur TPS 

by M/s RPG Enterprises 

Uttar Pradesh 

2x350 

2. Rosa TPS 

by M/s Indo Gulf Fertilizers 

and Chemicals Corpn. Ltd. 

Maharashtra 

2x250 

3. Bhadravati TPS 

by M/s Nippon Denro Ispat Ltd., 

GEC, UK and EDF, France. 

Gujarat 

2x500 

4. Mangrol TPS 

by M/s GIPCL. 

West Bengal 

1x250 

5. Gouripore TPS 2x67.5 

by M/s Gouripore Power Co. Ltd. 

(Promoted by WBSEB and BTS). 

2x67.5 

6. Balagarh TPS 

by M/s CESC LTD. 

2x250 

34 

(iii) The thermal design organisation of CEA 

provided services for projects regarding design 

and engineering activities during the year 

1994-95 for the following projects (consultancy). 

Sl. Name of the projects Capacity 

No. (MW) 

1. Anpara ‘B’ TPS Extn. (2x500) 

CEA as principal consultant 

2. Kathalguri gas based combined 

cycle power plant 6x30+3x30) 

3. Basin Bridge gas turbine power plant 

4. Talcher TPS (2x250) 

5. Agartala Gas Turbine 

power project (4x21) 

6. Karaikal combined cycle 

power plant (3x5 GT) 

Pondichery (as CEA 

Retainer Consultant) (lx7.5 GT) 

7. Waste heat recovery units 

of DESU gas turbine units (3x34.7) 

8. N.D.M.C. gas turbine 

project (2x30) 

9. Bawana gas turbine 

power project (600) 

10. Assam gas turbine power 

station and transmission (6x30 GT) 

line construction project 

Group ‘A’ Generation (3x30 ST) 

11. Diesel engine power project 

for Pondichery region (50-60) 

12. Tenughat TPS Review consultancy

A. List of Hydro projects for which design & consultancy were provided during the year 1994-95 

S. No. Name of the Project State Installed 

Capacity 

(MW) 


Upper Sindh Stage-II J&K 105.00 

Kargil J&K 3.75 

Ranjit Sagar Punjab 600.00 

Tehri Stage I U.P. 1000.00 

Nathpa Jhakri U.P. 1500.00 

Total NR 3208.75 


Pugal Rajasthan 1.50 

Chananwala Rajasthan 1.20 

Hasdeo Bango M.P. 120.00 

Kadana PSP Stg.II Gujarat 120.00 

Indira Sagar M.P. 1000.00 

Sardar Sarovar Canal Head Gujarat 250.00 

Sardar Sarovar River Bed Gujarat 1200.00 

Koyna St. IV Mah. 1000.00 

Rajghat M.P. 45.00 

Anoopgarh Ph-I Rajasthan 4.50 

Anoopgarh Ph-II Rajasthan 4.50 

Anjunem Goa 0.90 

Total WR 3747.60 


Pykara Ultimate T.N. 150.00 

Srisailam PSS A.P. 900.00 

Total SR 1050.00 

35 

S. No. Name of the Project State Installed 

Capacity 

(MW) 


Upper Indravati Orissa 600.00 

North Koel Bihar 24.00 

Eastern Gandak Canal Bihar 15.00 

Sone Eastern Link Canal Bihar 3.30 

Chandil Dam Power House Bihar 8.00 

Teesta Canal Falls W.B. 

Teesta Canal Falls W.B. 67.50 

Teesta Canal Falls W.B. 

Total ER 717.80 


Doyang Nagaland 75.00 

Ranganadi NEEPCO 405.00 

Kopli Extn. NEEPCO 100.00 

Tipaimukh Manipur/Mizoram 1500.00 

Pagladiya Assam 0.25 

Khuga Manipur 0.75 

Kamilong Manipur 60.00 

Sessiri Manipur 100.00 

Thoubal Manipur 7.50 

(Total NER) 2254.00 

All India 

(37 Schemes) G. Total 10978.15

10. PUBLIC SECTOR UNDERTAKINGS 

& OTHER ORGANISATIONS 

A PUBLIC SECTOR UNDERTAKINGS 

10.1 NATIONAL THERMAL POWER 

CORPORATION LTD. (NTPC) 

(i) Since its inception in 1975, NTPC has 

contributed addition of 14660 MW (upto end 

Nov.’94) to the country’s generating capacity. 

Presently, NTPC has to its credit ten coal 

based thermal power projects and five 

gas based combined cycle projects with an 

aggregate approved capacity of 13,660 MW 

DETAILS OF NTPC PROJECTS 

and 3,175 MW respectively. Besides its own 

stations, NTPC also manages the Badarpur 

Thermal Power Station in Delhi (720 MW) 

and Balco’s Captive Power Station near 

Korba, Madhya Pradesh (270 MW), which 

was also constructed by NTPC. The total 

approved investment of the corporation as on 

end Nov. 1994 stands at Rs. 19756.79 crores 

(excluding the investment on Transmission 

Systems which have since been transferred 

to Powergrid). 

(ii) NTPC’s Power Stations/Projects 

The details of completed/ ongoing projects of 

the NTPC are given below : 

Name of the Region/ Capacity in MW Actual/Expected 

Project/State Approved date of commissioning 


1. Singrauli STPP 2000 Unit-1 (200) Feb. 82 

Uttar Pradesh Stage-I Unit-2 (200) Nov. 82 

(3x200) Unit-3 (200) Mar. 83 

Stage-II Unit-4 (200) Nov. 83 

(2x200+2x500) Unit-5 (200) Feb. 84 

Unit-6 (500) Dec. 86 

Unit-7 (500) Nov. 87 

2. Rihand STPP 1000 Unit-1 (500) Mar. 88 

Uttar Pradesh Stage-I 

(2x500) 

Unit-2 (500) July 89 

3. National Capital 840 Unit-I (210) Oct. 91 

Thermal Power Stage-I Unit-2 (210) Dec. 92 

Project (Dadri) (4x2l0) Unit-3 (210) Mar. 93 

Uttar Pradesh Unit-4 (210) Mar. 94 

4. Dadri GBPP 817 Gas Turbine 

Uttar Pradesh Stage-I Unit-1 (131) Feb. 92 

(4xl3l+2xl46.5) Unit-2 (131) Mar. 92 

Unit-3 (131) June 92 

Unit-4 (131) Oct. 92 

Steam Turbine 

Unit-5 (146.5) Feb. 94 

Unit-6 (146.5) Mar. 94 

36



5. Unchahar TPP 420 Unit-1 (210) Nov. 88 

Uttar Pradesh Stage-I Unit-2 (210) Mar. 89 

(2x2l0) 

6. Auraiya GBPP 652 Gas Turbine 

Uttar Pradesh Stage-I Unit-1 (112) Mar. 89 

(4x112+2x102) Unit-2 (112) July 89 

Unit-3 (112) Aug. 89 

Unit-4 (112) Sept. 89 

Steam Turbine 

Unit-5 (102) Dec. 89 

Unit-6 (102) June 90 

7. Anta GBPP 413 Gas Turbine 

Rajasthan Stage-I Unit-1 (88) Jan. 89 

(3x88+1x149) Unit-2 (88) Mar. 89 

Unit-3 (88) May 89 

Steam Turbine 

Unit-4 (149) Mar. 90 


8. Ramagundam 2100 Unit-1 (200) Nov. 83 

STPP Stage-I Unit-2 (200) May 84 

Andhra Pradesh (3x200+1x500) Unit-3 (200) Dec. 84 

Unit-4 (500) June 88 

Stage-II Unit-5 (500) Mar. 89 

(2x500) Unit-6 (500) Oct. 89 


9. Farakka STPP 2100 Unit-1 (200) Jan. 86 

West Bengal Stage-I Unit-2 (200) Dec. 86 

(3x200) Unit-3 (200) Aug. 87 

Stage-II Unit-4 (500) Sept.92 

(2x500) Unit-5 (500) Feb. 94 

Stage-III Unit-6 (500) 

(1x500) The project not taken up due to low 

demand of Electricity in Eastern Region 

10. Kahalgaon STPP 840 Unit-1 (210) Mar. 92 

Bihar Stage-I Unit-2 (210) Mar. 94 

(4x2l0) Unit-3 (210) Mar. 95 

Unit-4 (210) June 95 

37




11. Talcher STPP 1000 Unit-1 (500) Feb. 95 

Orissa Stage-I Unit-2 (500) Nov. 95 

(2x500) 

12. Korba STPP 2100 Unit-1 (200) Mar. 83 

Madhya Pradesh Stage-I Unit-2 (200) Oct. 83 

(3x200+1x500) Unit-3 (200) Mar. 84 

Unit-4 (500) May 87 

Stage-II Unit-5 (500) Mar. 88 

(2x500) Unit-6 (500) Mar. 89 

13. Vindhyachal STPP 1260 Unit-1 (210) Oct. 87 

Madhya Pradesh Stage-I Unit-2 (210) July 88 

(6x2l0) Unit-3 (210) Feb. 89 

Unit-4 (210) Dec. 89 

Unit-5 (210) Mar. 90 

Unit-6 (210) Feb. 91 

14. Kawas GBPP 645 Gas Turbine 

Gujarat Stage-I Unit-1 (106) Mar. 92 

(4xl06+2x110.5) Unit-2 (106) May 92 

Unit-3 (106) June 92 

Unit-4 (106) Aug. 92 

Steam Turbine 

Unit-5 (110.5) Feb. 93 

Unit-6 (110.5) Mar. 93 

15. Gandhar GPP 648 Gas Turbine 

Gujarat (3x131+1x255) Unit-1 (131) March 94 

Unit-2 (131) March 94 

Unit-3 (131) May 94 

Total Approved 16835 MW 

Steam Turbine 

Unit-IV (255) Sept. 95 

NB : 1. Capacity commissioned upto March, 1994 is 14529 MW. 

2. Capacity planned to be commissioned during 1994-95 is 631 MW of which Capacity commissioned 

in 1994-95 till January, 95 is 131 MW (Gandhar Unit 3). In addition to Unit 1 (500 MW) of Talcher STPP 

the NTPC also expect to commission 3rd unit (210 MW) of Kahalgaon STPP during 1994-95. 

38

(iii) Generation 

As on November, 1994 a total capacity of 14660 

MW was under operation at various NTPC 

Stations. This comprises of 28 Units of 200/210 

MW each at Singrauli, Korba, Ramagundam, 

Farakka, Vindhyachal, NCTPP, Unchahar & 

Kahalgaon, 12 units of 500 MW at Singrauli, 

Korba, Ramagundam, Rihand and Farakka and 

24 Gas/Steam turbine Units of various capacities 

operating at gas based combined cycle plants at 

Anta, Auraiya, Kawas, Dadri and Jhanor 

Gandhar Gas Power Projects. 

The generation performance of NTPC 

stations has consistently been at a high 

level. Against the target of 67500 MUs for 

The youngest member of the NTPC family 

–Jhanor Gandhar Gas Power Project 

39 

the year 1994-95, till end November, 1994 the 

gross generation from NTPC stations was 49057 

MUs whereas the pro-rata target for the same 

period works out to about of 45000 MUs. for 

the period April-November, 1994. The 

generation during the previous year (1993-94) 

was 76,478 MUs against a target of 62,900 MUs 

constituting 23.7% of the total generation and 

31% of thermal power generation in the country. 

Till the end of November, 1994, the coal based 

units under commercial operation generated 

41,570 MUs at a plant load factor of 71.70%. 

The following coal based units of NTPC 

attained a Plant Load Factor (PLF) in excess 

of 70% during the current year, upto November, 

1994 : 

Sl. Station Capacity Unit PLF 

No. MW No. (%) 

1. Singrauli 200 1 84.33 

2. Singrauli 200 2 72.99 

3. Singrauli 200 3 81.27 

4. Singrauli 500 5 84.29 

5. Singrauli 500 6 84.25 

6. Korba 200 1 81.64 

7. Korba 200 2 75.41 

8. Korba 500 4 88.13 

9. Korba 500 5 74.69 

10. Korba 500 6 79.10 

11. Ramagundam 200 3 77.09 

12. Ramagundam 500 4 74.34 

13. Ramagundam 500 6 74.28 

14. Farakka 200 1 84.56 

15. Farakka 200 2 77.52 

16. Rihand 500 1 71.54 

17. Vindhyachal 210 1 74.60 

18. Vindhyachal 210 2 71.52 

19. Vindhyachal 210 3 71.54 

20. Vindhyachal 210 4 87.57 

21. Vindhyachal 210 6 83.96

(iv) Budget Utilisation and Financial aspects 

The authorised share capital of the 

Corporation is Rs. 8000 crores. As of Nov. 

1993, the paid up capital of NTPC was 

Rs.7999.84 crores, which is wholly subscribed 

by the Government of India. 

During the financial year 1993-94, the NTPC 

earned a net profit of Rs. 1057.97 crores. The 

return on capital employed and return on net 

worth were 11.57% and 11.73% respectively 

(excluding prior period income). 

(v) INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL 

ASSISTANCE 

World Bank Loan for “NTPC Power 

Generation Project” Under Time-Slice 

Concept. 

During the year, the World Bank approved a 

time slice loan to support NTPC’s investment 

programme. The agreement for first tranche 

of US $ 400 million, was signed in June’ 93 

and the loan has become effective from June’ 

94. This is the first of a series of time-sliceloans 

from the World Bank for the cumulative 

amount of US $ 1.2 billion. 

ADB Loan for Feroze Gandhi Unchahar 

TPS Stage-II (2 x 210 MW) 

The ADB have approved NTPC as the 

implementing agency for Stage-II of the project 

under their loan for US $ 160 million consequent 

upon take over of the Feroze Gandhi Unchahar 

Thermal Power Project by NTPC. 

OECF Assistance for Faridabad GPP 

(400MW) 

An Agreement for financial assistance for 

Faridabad Combined Cycle Gas Based 

Power Project (400MW) has been signed 

with OECF, Japan. Under the agreement 

OECF has agreed to extend financial 

assistance of Japanese Y 23.536 billion 

(including assistance for associated 

transmission system to be implemented by 

40 

POWERGRID). The loan has been made 

effective from March’94. This is the first 

tranche of OECF loan for the project and it is 

envisaged that further loan tranches will be 

extended by OECF to cover upto 85% of the 

project cost. 

(vi) Consultancy Services 

Total value of orders received by the 

Company for consultancy services during the 

year was Rs. 67.29 crores. Amidst stiff 

international competition, the company was 

able to secure two major overseas contracts 

for Turnkey execution of 132KV Substations 

at Awir & Hatta, UAE for the Dubai 

Electricity & Water Authority valued at UAE 

Dirhams 44.81 million. (Equiv. Rs. 38.25 

Crores) and Turnkey execution of 21 nos. 33 / 

66 / 132KV Substations in Nepal for the Nepal 

Electricity Authority valued at US$4.97 Mln. + 

Nepalese Rs. 56.97 Mln. (Equiv. Rs. 19.10 

crores). Other orders from international 

clients during the year include ASIAN 

DEVELOPMENT BANK (ADB), for providing 

consultancy to TNEB in Thermal Design & 

Maintenance Management and SARGENT & 

LUNDY, USA for EIA Studies for Lapanga 

TPS, Orissa. 

(vii) joint Venture Projects 

The Godavari GBPP which was earlier 

proposed to be implemented by NTPC is now 

being implemented by M / s. Spectrum Power 

Generation Company Ltd., (SPGL) in a joint 

Venture with NTPC, Spectrum Technology, 

USA & Jaya Food Industries, Hyderabad as 

promoters. NTPC and Oman Oil Company 

Ltd. (OOC) have entered into Memorandum 

of Understanding (MOU) to promote a joint 

stock public limited company with the intent 

of both parties alongwith other associates to 

subscribe to equity to set up gas based power 

projects under the latest guidelines issued by 

the Govt. of India for private sector 

participation in power generation and 

distribution.

(viii) Memorandum of Understanding 

The Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) 

for the year 1994-95 was signed between 

NTPC and the Ministry of Power on 

26.7.1994. MOU targets for the year 1994-95 

in respect of major performance parameters 

are given below: 

Sl. No. (Target)* 

1. Capacity Addition (MW) 631 

2. Generation (MUs) 67500 

3. Availability Factor % 78 

4. Heat Rate (Kcal/Kwh) 2525 

5. Gross Margins (Rs. Cr.) 2465.82 

6. Net Profit to Capital employed 6.59 

7. Consultancy turn over (Rs. Cr.) 4.0 

*(Corresponding to Very Good rating) 

(ix) Research and Development 

R&D Centre started functioning from its 

permanent. establishment at NOIDA from 

Ist Jan.’93. Fourteen laboratories have been set 

up with specialized equipment and facilities. 

Another significant development was the 

establishment of “Centre for Power Efficiency 

and Environmental Protection” (CENPEEP) at 

the R&D complex. This Centre is likely to 

receive assistance through USAID. 

Prime Minister’s Shram Awards for 1993 

Three workers from Anta Station were given 

the prestigious Prime Minister’s Shram 

Bhushan Award and four workmen from 

Rihand received the Shram Vir Award for 

their meritorious service to the company. This 

is the ninth consecutive year that the 

employees of the company were honoured 

with the Prime Minister’s Shram Awards. 

41 

(xi) Badarpur Thermal Power Station (BTPS) 

Badarpur Thermal Power Station (BTPS) 

consists of 3x100 MW and 2x2l0 MW 

coal fired units with an installed capacity of 

720MW. The station is owned by Government 

of India and is being managed by NTPC since 

April, 1978. During the year 1994-95, till end 

November, 1994 the station generated a total of 

2904 MUs at a PLF of 70.34% against the 

target of specific oil consumption, auxiliary 

power consumption during the year upto 

November, ’94 are 3.53 ml/kwh, 9.99% 

respectively. 

BTPS is one of the thermal power stations 

identified under the centrally sponsored 

scheme for renovation and modernisation of 

the thermal utilities in India. Under R&M 

scheme Phase-I various works in the area of 

boiler pressure parts modification, control and 

instrumentation, additional electrostatic 

precipitator, mill reject handling system, ash 

handling system etc.have been carried out. 

Encouraged by the achievements after the 

implementation of first phase of R&M 

programme, proposal has been submitted for 

the second phase of the renovation of 

modernisation programme for all units at 

BTPS. The R&M phase-II has been techno 

economically cleared by CEA and is to be 

considered by PIB. 

Cooling Towers at Dadri Gas Plant

10.2 NATIONAL HYDROELECTRIC 

POWER CORPORATION 

LIMITED (NHPC) 

(i) The National Hydro-Electric Power 

Corporation Limited (NHPC) was 

incorporated in 1975 under the Companies 

Act 1956. The main objectives of the 

Corporation are to plan, promote and organise 

an integrated development of hydroelectric 

power in the country. 

(ii) The Authorised Share Capital of the 

Corporation stands at Rs. 2500 crores. The 

paid-up share capital which was Rs. 2255.23 

crores as on 31.3.93 increased to Rs. 2499.08 

crores at the end of October, 1994. The 

turnover of the Corporation during the year 

1993-94 was Rs. 236.47 crores, registering an 

increase of 32.18% over the previous year’s 

turnover. The profit during the year ending 

31.3.1994 was Rs. 70.54 crores as against Rs. 

41.49 crores in the previous year. 

(iii) The generation capacity of the Corporation 

increased from 883 MW to 1538 MW during 

the year with the commissioning of the 540 

MW Chamera HE Project (Stage-I) and a 115 

MW Unit of Salal HE Project (Stage-II). The 

operating projects of the Corporation, namely 

the Loktak HE Project (105MW) in Manipur, 

the 198 MW Baira Siul HE Project in H.P., 

the 345 MW Salal HE Project (Stage-I) in 

J&K, the Tanakpur HE Project (120MW) in U.P. 

and a 115 MW unit of Salal HE Project (Stage- 

II) in J&K generated 3587 MUs of electricity 

during 1993-94. With the commissioning of 

Chamera Stage-I and another 115 MW unit of 

Salal Stage-II, the cumulative generation by 

NHPC power stations during 1994-95 (upto Jan 

95) was 5422.23 MUs against a target of 4753 

MUs an achievement of 114.32% over the target. 

10.2.1 Apart from Chamera HE Project (Stage-I), 

NHPC had been engaged in the execution of 

the following Hydro-electric Projects during 

the year. 

42 

(1) Dulhasti HE Project (3xl30MW) J & K 

The French Consortium (FC) which was 

executing the project on turnkey basis had 

suspended the work at site with effect from 24th 

Aug. 1992 contending that the security 

environment at site was not conducive to 

fulfillment of their contractual obligations. 

After prolonged negotiations and intervention 

at the level of the Govt. it has been agreed 

between NHPC and the French Consortium 

that the member of the Consortium executing 

the civil works will be allowed to withdraw 

and the balance civil works of the project shall 

be taken over by the NHPC, while the 

remaining four members of the Consortium 

will continue with their obligations 

relating to supply of equipment and technical 

services for the project. Necessary agreements/ 

amendments to this effect have been signed 

between NHPC and the French Consortium on 

10.12.94. NHPC has also initiated the process 

of pre-qualification of contractors for execution 

of the balance civil works so as to resume work 

during 1995. 

(2) Uri HE Project (4 x 120MW) J & K 

The project is being executed by a Swedish - 

UK Consortium on turnkey basis. The 

diversion of the river has been successfully 

carried out. In surface works about 97.7% 

excavation and 67% concrete placement have 

been completed out of 38.4 lac Cu.M and 3.30 

lac Cu.M respectively till the end of January 

95. Excavation of the 10.664 Km of Head 

Race Tunnel has been completed and concrete 

lining work is in progress. In Tail Race 

Tunnel about 58% has been bored out of the 

total length of 2 Kms. Overall, about 21.7 

Kms of tunneling has been done in various 

underground works against the total length of 

22.5 Kms. In underground power house 

caverns, about 98% excavation and concrete 

placement work is in progress. Fabrication 

and supply of hydromechanical and electrical 

equipment is progressing satisfactorily as per 

schedule.

(3) Salal (Stage-II) (3x115MW) J & K 

Two of the three units of the Project had been 

synchronised by March, ’94. The third unit 

has been rolled successfully on 24.01.95 and 

is likely to be synchronised/ commissioned 

during February 1995. Work on the 

construction of the Tail Race Tunnel II has been 

under progress and in all about 95% heading, 

66% benching, 54% overt concreting and 41% 

grouting has been completed out of a total length 

of 2.504 kms. 

(4) Rangit HE Project (3 x 20MW) Sikkim 

During the year 1993-94 work on the Rangit HE 

project in Sikkim has been in progress. A 

cumulative boring of 581 M (19.4) has been done 

in Head Race Tunnel till Nov.’94 out of a total 

length of 3 Kms. Excavation of surge shaft has 

been completed and that of pressure shaft is in 

progress. Excavation of Power House Pit has 

been completed and concreting is in progress. 

Necessary action has also been taken by NHPC 

to resolve the contractual problems that had 

arisen in regard to major civil works. 

43 

10.2.2 New Schemes of NHPC 

(i) Dhauliganga HE Project (Stage-I) 

(4 x 70MW) U.P. 

Work on the project could not be commenced 

during 1993-94 due to paucity of funds. 

Presently, the land acquisition is being 

processed with the concerned authorities. 

Work on improvement of Tanakpur-Tawaghat 

Road is expected to start shortly. 

Infrastructure work like temporary 

(ii) 

accommodation and access roads at various 

project sites is also being taken up. Japanese 

(OECF) financial assistance for the project is 

being explored. 

Chamera HE Project (Stage-II) 

(3 x 100MW) H.P. 

Work on most of the approach roads, 

widening of Chamba - Kharamukh road, 

erection of workshop sheds and explosives 

magazine has been completed. Development 

work for construction of residential buildings 

at Karian has also been completed.

NHPC had floated Global tender inviting offers 

for turn-key execution of the project with 100% 

financing. The technical as well as the price 

bids are under evaluation. 

(iii) Koel Karo HE Project (710 MW) Bihar 

Work on the project could not be started due 

to constraint of funds. 

(iv) Kurichu HE Project (3x15 MW) Bhutan 

NHPC has been selected as the executing 

agency for setting up the Kurichu Project in 

Bhutan. The Govt. of Bhutan has handed over 

land to the Corporation for infrastructure 

works. The work of construction of the main 

project road from Kurigampa to project site 

(7.5 km.) has been entrusted to BRO as a 

deposit work. Major works like Diversion 

tunnel, Concrete Dam, Power House and civil 

works of switchyard are being processed for 

tendering. 

10.2.3 Investigation Projects 

(a) Dhauliganga HE Project (Intermediate 

Stage) (4 x 50 MW) U.P. 

NHPC is pursuing the matter for Techno 

economic clearance of the Detailed Project 

proposal with the dam site at Nyu, as the 

alternative dam site at Dar suggested by the 

CEA is not being considered feasible on 

environmental consideration. 

(b) Goriganga HE Project, Stage-I 

(3 x 20MW) 

Stage-II (4x40MW) and Stage-III 

(3x40MW + 2 x 10MW) U.P. 

The investigation works had been completed 

by NHPC and the Detailed Project Report 

submitted to CEA for techno-economic 

appraisal. CEA has suggested that the 

planning process of the Stage-I & II may be 

deferred till the Detailed Project Report of 

Pancheswar Multi-purpose project is 

completed. Appraisal for the Stage-III 

proposal is in progress. 

44 

10.3 RURAL ELECTRIFICATION 

CORPORATION (REC) 

(i) Rural Electrification Corporation (REC) was 

set up in 1969 with the primary objective of 

providing financial assistance for rural 

electrification programme in the country. 

Rural Electrification programmes undertaken 

by the REC cover electrification of villages, 

including tribal villages and Harijan Bastis, 

energisation of pumpsets, provision of power 

for small and agrobased rural industries, 

lighting of rural households and street 

lighting. The Corporation also provides 

assistance to the State Electricity Boards for 

taking up Systems Improvement Projects for 

strengthening and improving of 

subtransmission and distribution system and 

small hydel projects. 

(ii) The authorised share capital of the 

Corporation is Rs. 600 crores. The paid-up 

capital of the Corporation upto the year 1993- 

94 stands at Rs. 442.60 crore. During the year 

1994-95 (upto November, 1994), the Central 

Govt. have contributed Rs. 44 crore towards 

the share capital of the Corporation, increasing 

its equity base to Rs. 486.60 crore. 

(iii) During the year 1993-94, the REC approved 

1623 new projects involving a loan assistance 

of Rs. 737 crore. During the current year (upto 

November, 1994) REC approved 113 new 

projects involving financial assistance of Rs. 

79 crore (provisional). Cumulatively Upto 

November, 1994 REC sanctioned 27,239 RE 

projects involving financial assistance of Rs. 

10159 crore (Provisional). 

(iv) Loans advanced by REC to the SEBS, State 

Govts. and RE Coop. Societies during the 

year 1993-94 amounted to Rs. 692 crore. 

Inclusive of this, the total loan amount 

advanced at the end of 1993-94 aggregated 

to Rs. 7171 crores. During the current 

year, 1994-95 (April-November 1994), the

Corporation has disbursed Rs. 259 crores 

(Provisional) as loans taking the cumulative 

disbursement of Rs. 7430 crore upto 

November, 1994. 

(v) During the year 1993-94, against the target 

of electrification of 2756 villages and 

energisation of 232030 pumpsets, 3217 

villages were reported electrified and 323429 

pumpsets energised. The target of pumpsets 

was exceeded by 39%. During the year 1994- 

95 (upto No. ‘1994) 1143 villages have been 

electrified and 171788 pumpsets (Provisional) 

energised. 

10.3.1 Kutir Jyoti Programme 

(i) The Kutir Jyoti Programme which provides 

for release of single point light connections 

to the households of the rural poor below 

the poverty line, including Harijan Bastis 

and Adivasis families was given a special 

thrust. Under this programme during the 

year 1993-94, 3.74 lakh single point light 

connections were provided with a grant 

of Rs.12 crore. For the current year 1994-95, 

a target for release of 1.25 lakh connections 

with an outlay of Rs. 5.0 crore has been 

earmarked. Schemes for release of about 

A Sub-Station financed by REC for providing stable 

supply of electricity to rural areas. 

45 

10,000 connections have already been sanctioned 

upto the end of November, 1994. 

(ii) The level of rural electrification in the country 

which stood at 12.8% at the time of 

establishment of the Corporation has risen to 

85% (approx) at the end of March, 1994. 

Similarly the number of pumpsets 

energisation which stood at 11 lakh at the time 

of setting up the Corporation has crossed 

1 crore mark. 

10.3.2 System Improvement Project 

(i) Under this programme, REC had, during 

1993-94, sanctioned 148 new SI Projects 

involving financial outlay of Rs. 155 crore and 

disbursed Rs. 102 crore. For the year 1994- 

95 a provision of Rs. 145 crore has been made 

in the plan outlay during the current year 

1994-95. Eight new projects with a financial 

outlay of Rs. 17 crore have been sanctioned 

upto November, 1994. With this, total number 

of Projects sanctioned under the programme 

upto November, 1994 has gone upto 1057, and 

financial outlay involved is of the order of 

Rs. 893 crore and disbursement level has gone 

upto Rs. 624 crore.

(ii) The Corporation continued its drive towards 

standardisation of equipments, material and 

construction practices for rural electrification 

programme including introduction of 

innovative technologies with special emphasis 

on conservation of energy. Cumulatively 294 

standards comprising of 71 specifications for 

equipment and material and 223 construction 

standards have been evolved by the REC till 

31st March, 1993. During the year 1994, (upto 

Nov. 1994) the Corporation has also finalised 

9 standards comprising 1 specification for 

equipment and material and 8 Construction 

standards. The Corporation has in 

participation with Indian transformer 

Manufacturers Association jointly organised 

recently on 7th-8th December, 1994 an 

International Colloquium on Transformers for 

technology up-gradation, Remote Controlled 

Load Management, Introduction of 

Amorphous Core Distribution Transformer 

and to disseminate information on the latest 

technological developments within and 

outside the country. 

(iii) The Corporation has also signed the 

Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) for 

the year 1994-95 with the Ministry of Power 

to achieve the planned targets for which the 

Ministry would ensure timely flow of 

allocated funds required for implementing the 

RE Programme. The Corporation has also 

signed another Memorandum of Understanding 

(MOU) with MNES and MRECA for 

development of institutional frame work for 

Decentralised Distribution Projects, identifying 

suitable sites for utilising Mini/Micro and small 

hydel power potential, solar and wind energy etc. 

All the three organisations agreed to set up a 

Task Force to develop and monitor action plan 

for implementation of tasks envisaged in the 

Memorandum of Understanding. REC is to act 

as coordinator of the Task Force. 

(iv) The Corporation during the current year 

has also organised a Workshop on 

46 

‘Decentralised Power Distribution Systems’ 

from 30th July to 1st August 1994 under the aegis 

of Ministry of Power in which experts from 

Power Sector in India and abroad participated. 

The workshop welcomed private 

entrepreneurship and local organisations 

managed by beneficiaries themselves for 

power distribution in rural areas. It 

recommended that power cooperative 

societies and informal organisations should 

be promoted for managing small generation 

sources for supply to remote, far-flung and 

difficult areas far away from the grid. It was 

also emphasised to provide proper training to 

the local people for the upkeep and 

maintenance to power systems. 

(v) The Corporation was able to turn around 

during the year and as against the loss of about 

Rs. 93 crore in the previous year, it made a 

profit of Rs. 67 crore during 1993-94. This 

has become possible mainly on account of 

increased thrust by the Corporation on 

recovery of its dues from the SEBs and 

effective execution of RE programmes.

10.4 THE NORTH EASTERN ELECTRIC 

POWER CORPORATION LTD. 

(NEEPCO) 

The North Eastern Electric Power 

Corporation Ltd. (NEEPCO) was constituted 

in 1976 under the Company’s Act 1956 with 

the objective of developing the large power 

potential of the North Eastern Region of the 

country. 

10.4.1 Mission 

To harness the power potential of the North 

Eastern Region through planned development 

of power generation projects. 

10.4.2 Objectives 

(i) In consonance with the Corporation’s mission 

and directives issued by the Government from 

time to time, the Corporation’s objectives are 

as follows : 

1. To add to the power generating capacity 

in the North Eastern Region by 

installing hydro and thermal power 

plants within optimum time schedule 

and cost. 

2. To ensure optimum utilization of 

commissioned Generation Projects so 

as to achieve targets projected 

exceeding the designed capacity based 

on the availability of water. 

3. To generate adequate internal resources 

by ensuring justifiable return on 

investment and to continue sustained 

efforts to obtain the receivables from 

State Electricity Boards/Departments. 

4. To undertake long term feasibility 

studies for optimum development of 

hydro power resources of river basins 

in North Region with a view to improving 

the share of hydro in country’s powermix. 

47 

(ii) Out of a total installed capacity of 1141 MW in 

the Region, NEEPCO is contributing 150 MW 

through its Kopili Hydro Electric Projects under 

O & M. Inspite of having only 15% of the total 

installed capacity in the region the Corporation 

has been able to meet more than 30% of the 

peak demand/ energy needs of the region. The 

Corporation proposes a capacity addition of 635 

MW within the 8th Five Year Plan in a phased 

manner through its projects under execution and 

another 320 MW in the beginning of the 9th Five 

Year Plan as indicated below: 

Year Name of Projects Capacity 

Addition (MW) 

1994-95 Assam Gas Based 

Power Project 130 

Kathalguri (4 G.T. Units) 

1995-96 Assam Gas Based 

Power Project 161 

Kathalguri (2 G.T. Units + 

3 S.T. Units) 

Kopili H.E. Project Ist Stage 100 

Extension (2x50 MW) 

Agartala G.T. (4x2lMW) 84 

1996-97 Doyang H.E. Project (lx25MW) 25 

Ranganadi 

H.E. Project (lxl35MW) 135 

1997-98 Doyang H.E. Project (2x25MW) 50 

Ranganadi 

H.E. Project (2xl35MW) 270 

10.4.3. Projects Under Operation and 

Maintenance (Completed) 

(i) Kopili Hydro Electric Project (150MW) 

Assam 

This Project, having an installed capacity of 

150MW, is located in N.C. Hills District

of Assam and was completed in March, 1988 at 

a cost of Rs. 243.82 crores. 

It is a twin project consisting of two Dams and 

two water conductor systems leading from the 

Kopili Reservoir to the Khandong Power House 

(2 x 25MW) and from Umrong Reservoir to the 

Kopili Power House (2x50MW). 

The Khandong Power Station was commissioned 

in March/April ’84, While Kopili Power Station 

in March, 88 and started commercial generation 

from June/ July 1988. 

During the last three years, generation from this 

Project surpassed its rated capacity of 

806 MU, with an all time high of 905 MU 

during 1993-94. During 1994-95, against 

the annual target of 850 MU, the actual 

generation from April ’94 to Dec 94 was 

793.5 MU. With this trend of generation, it is 

expected that the target fixed for 1994-95 will 

also be surpassed. 

The cumulative generation since inception till 

Dec 94 was 5673.6 MU. The total earnings 

in terms of sale of power come to Rs. 320.00 

crores. 

(ii) Doyang Hydro Electric Project (75 MW) 

(3x25 MW) Nagaland 

This Project is located in the Wokha District 

of Nagaland. The latest Cost of the Project at 

Feb. ’93 price level stands at Rs. 331.59 Crs. 

The annual generation targetted is 227 MU at 

the rated capacity. 

Present Status 

Assam Gas based Power Project Kathalguri 

48 

Land Acquisition : Land acquisition process 

for the entire Project has been completed.

Law and order Problems : The Project area 

at present is peaceful. Full strength of CISF 

personnel have been posted at site. 

Diversion Tunnel : Boring of the entire 

length of 633 M tunnel has been completed. 

Lining works are in progress and programmed 

for completion by March ’95. Work order 

for fabrication and erection of the Intake gate 

for Diversion Tunnel has been placed. The 

Diversion Tunnel will be completed in Aug. 

’95. 

Power House : On completion of excavation 

works, Civil works for Power House Building 

have been started and Ist stage concreting for 

lowering D.T. Liner have been completed. 

D.T. Liner is under erection. 

The T.G. Unit of the Power Station are being 

manufactured by M/s BHEL and substantial 

parts have already been despatched by them 

and received at site. Manufacturing works 

are proceeding satisfactorily. 

Plan Allocation : Against a requirement of 

Rs. 75.00 Crs. for the year 1994-95, the 

approved allocation stands at Rs. 30.00 Crs. 

(iii) Ranganadi H.E. Project (405 MW) 

Arunachal Pradesh 

This Project is located in the Lower Subansiri 

District of Arunanchal Pradesh and has a 

provision for installing 3 Units of 135 MW 

each. The cost of the Project has been updated 

upto Feb. ’93 price level and stands at Rs. 

675.74 crs. The Project envisages to generate 

1874 MU annually at rated capacity. The Ist 

135 MW Unit of the Project is scheduled for 

commissioning within the VIIlth Plan period, 

i.e. March, 1997 and the project is expected 

to be fully commissioned by July 1997. 

Infrastructural Development 

All infrastructural development like roads & 

buildings construction, power and land 

acquisition have been completed. 

49 

Major Works 

Diversion Tunnel : Work of Diversion Tunnel 

has been completed. 

Main Tunnel : The work of Main Tunnel is 

progressing satisfactorily. Initial geological 

problems have been overcome and the bad 

geological stretch has been crossed. Boring 

of 4220 M of Tunnel length has been 

completed out of 10271 M. Imported 

Tunnelling Equipments such as Drilling 

jumbos, Rock Bolters and Shotereting 

equipments have been deployed in different 

faces for expediting the work. 

Diversion Dam :4 (four) bidders have been 

techno commercially qualified for the work 

and for opening of their price bids which is 

due on 20.12.1994. Order for Diversion Dam is 

scheduled to be placed by February, 95. The 

work is scheduled to take 48 months for 

completion. 

Plan Allocation : Rs. 56 Crores was allocated 

for the year 1994-95 against proposal of Rs. 

130.00 Crores. 

(iv) Assam gas based combined cycle power 

project (291 MW) Assam 

This Project is located in Dibrugarh District 

of Upper Assam. The Project was 

administratively approved in November 1987 

for installing 6 (six) units of Gas Turbines and 

3 (three) units of Steam Turbine to utilise the 

waste heat with a total installing Capacity of 

291 MW. The latest cost as per November, 

1994 price level works out to Rs. 1209.26 

crores. 

The required gas I MCMD shall be supplied 

by M/s. Oil India Ltd. from its Kathalguri 

Off Take Point which is 8 K.M. away from 

the Project site. 

The Govt. of India has tied up with the 

Overseas Economic Corporation Fund 

(OECF) Japan, for loan assistance for 

implementation of the Project. M/s. 

Mitsubishi Corporation and M/s. BHEL

have been entrusted with supply and execution 

of the machineries as Turn-Key Contract. The 

Project will be fully commissioned in March, 

1996 ‘M/s. EPDCI Japan are the Retainer 

Consultants for the Project. 


With the present trend of progress of erection 

works, the first Gas Turbine is scheduled for 

commissioning by February 1995 while the 

remaining 5 Gas Turbines subsequently at an 

interval of one month thereafter. The steam 

turbine units 1, 2 & 3 are scheduled for 

commissioning from November, 1995, 

January 1996 and March 1996 respectively. 

Erection of Switchyard structures almost 

completed. Cable laying is in progress. 

All other connected works like 8 k.m. Gas 

Pipe line, L.C.R. etc, are nearing completion. 

(v) Kopili H.E. Project (2x50MW) - Ist Stage 

Extension, Assam 

This Project is located in N.C. Hill District of 

Assam. It will involve laying of additional 

penstock and extension of the existing Power 

House Building of the Kopili H.E. Project 

under O&M for installation of 2(two) more 

T.G. Units of 50 MW each. Investment 

approval to the Project was accorded in May 

1993 at an estimated cost of Rs. 101.97 crs. 

The Project, on completion, will generate 502 

MU of energy annually at 90% dependable 

year. The Project is scheduled to be fully 

commissioned in August 1996. 

10.4.4 NEW SCHEMES 

(i) Agartala Gas Turbine Power Project 

(4 x 21MW) Tripura 

This Project is located at Ramachandranagar 

in West Tripura District in the state of 

Tripura, 15KM away from Agartala. The 

50 

Project envisages installation of 4 Gas Turbine 

Units of 21MW each at a cost of Rs. 264.72 

Crs. Clearance for the Project has been 

accorded in Nov. ’94. 


The Govt. of Tripura has allocated 141.86 

acres of land for the Project. Contour survey 

of the project area and subsoil investigation 

have been completed & design/ preparation 

of specification for civil structures for inviting 

tenders are under finalisation. Site development 

work is in progress. Letter of Award for Main 

Plant alongwith credit package has been issued 

to M/s European Gas Turbine, Gmbh, Germany 

on 10.12.1994. The Credit package includes a 

long-term loan of 660,72,000 DM from Deutche 

Bank, Germany and a medium term loan of 

65,90,000 DM from Deutche Bank, Singapore. 

These loan packages correspond to Rs. 143.29 

Crores in equivalent Indian Currency. 

10.4.5 Investigation Schemes 

Collection of Hydrometeorological data and 

other investigation works for the following 

schemes of NEEPCO are being continued. 

1. Ranganadi H.E. Project (Stage-II) 

100MW - Arunanchal Pradesh 

2. Papumpam H.E. Project (100 MW) 

Arunanchal Pradesh 

3. Dikrong H.E. Project (100 MW) 

Arunachal Pradesh 

4. Kopili H.E. Project (Stage-II) 25 MW, 

Assam 

5. Pakke H. E. Project (75 MW) 


6. Dhaleswari H.E. Project (120MW) 

Mizoram 

7. Upper Lohit Hydro Electric Project 

(500 MW) - Arunachal Pradesh

8. Tuivai H.E. Project (210 MW) Mizoram 

9. Kameng H.E. Project (600 MW) and 

Damwe H. E. Project (520 MW) 


10.4.6 Financial 

The authorised share capital of the 

Corporation is Rs. 500 crores. Due to 

substantial increase in capital outlay to cope 

up with financial requirement for the ongoing 

projects it is proposed to raise the authorised 

share capital from Rs. 500.00 crores to Rs. 

15000 crores. A loan of Rs. 10.00 crores was 

raised from LIC during 1993-94. The total 

paid up capital and loan as on 31st March, 

1994 stood at Rs. 643.36 crores and Rs. 372.91 

crores respectively including deferred credit 

of Rs. 9.84 crores and bonds of Rs. 43.50 

crores. The company has received loan from 

Govt. of India during the year 1993-94 to the 

extent of Rs. 86.84 crores. A sum of Rs. 9.98 

crores has been repaid during the year (1993- 

94) as per agreement. 

The net profit against Khandong and Kopili 

Power House generation during 1993-94 

worked out to Rs. 15.91 crores against a net 

profit of Rs. 11.55 crores.during 1992-93, thus 

registering an increase of 27.4%. 

View of Division Tunnel lining already finished 

51 

10.5 POWER FINANCE CORPORATION 

LIMITED (PFC) 

(i) The Power Finance Corporation Limited (PFC) 

was incorporated on July 10, 1986 with the 

objective of providing term finance to Power 

Utilities and to bring about improved efficiencies 

and institutional development of its borrowing 

entities. It started its lending operations from 

the last quarter of the year 1987-88. In view of 

the fact that the Power Sector in the States owns 

and operates a major portion of power systems 

in the country, the financial assistance from PFC 

till now has been confined to the State Power 

Utilities i.e. State Electricity Boards (SEBs), 

State Generation Corporations (SGCS) and to 

State Power Departments. The funds provided 

by the Corporation are in the nature of 

additionality to Plan allocation and based on the 

merits of the individual projects. 

(ii) The following major areas have been identified 

by the Corporation for providing financial 

assistance on priority basis : 

a) Power System improvements, such as 

installation of capacitors; 

b) Improvement in Power Distribution in 

the urban areas; 

c) i) Renovation & Modernisation of 

Transmission Systems. 

ii) New Transmission Systems. 

d) Renovation & Modernisation of 

Generation Projects. 

e) Generation Projects. 

(iii) In addition, PFC has also been giving loans for 

ancillary activities such as systems for better 

metering, billing and collection of dues, 

communication projects, computerisation of 

power operations etc.

Lending Criteria 

PFC lends to projects that meet the following 

criteria : 

(a) are economically justified, with a rate of 

return of not less than 12%; 

(b) are technically sound; 

(c) are technical solutions proposed must be 

least-cost; 

(d) are compatible with existing expansion 

plans; 

(e) solutions proposed should meet Central 

Government’s or State Government’s 

environmental impact standards, 

whichever are more stringent; 

(f) schemes should have all the clearances 

required by the State and Central 

agencies; and 

(g) utilities which have prepared OFAPs 

(plans for improvement of their 

operational and financial activities), to the 

satisfaction of PFC and have obtained the 

approval of the Board of the borrower and 

the concerned State Govt. to such a plan. 

10.5.1 Highlights of Operations 

The operations of the Corporation, as on 30th 

November, 1994, included new loan 

Sanctions during the year 1994-95 of the order 

of Rs. 1288.29 crores, for a wide variety of 

power projects in the various parts of the 

country, and progressive disbursements of 

loan installments. As on the 30th November, 

1994, the authorised capital and the paid-up 

(equity) capital of the Corporation stood at 

Rs. 2000 crores and Rs. 1030.45 crores 

respectively. The profit (provisional), as on 

30.9.94, was about Rs. 61.96 crores. 

10.5.2 External Assistance 

(i) Loan from World Bank 

Significant progress was made during the 

52 

year in approval of schemes, initiation of 

procurement action and placement of orders 

with regard to the loan of US$ 265 million 

from the World Bank for Power Utilities 

Efficiency Improvement Project, routed 

through the Government of India, which loan 

had become effective from 18.3.1992. During 

the year, orders for packages worth US$ 63 

million were placed by the various 

beneficiaries of the loan. 

(ii) Loan from Asian Development Bank 

The loan of US$ 250 million from ADB under 

the Power Efficiency (Sector) Project routed 

through the Government of India, had become 

effective from the 22nd July, 1992. The loan 

is to be used for financing sub-projects of 

selected SEBs in certain specified categories. 

Significant progress was made, during the 

year, in approval of schemes, initiation of 

procurement action, issue of LOI etc. Upto 

30.11.94, total amount of sub-loans 

sanctioned under the above loan for 99 

projects was Rs. 899.79 crores, having an 

ADB share of Rs. 535.99 crores. 

(iii) Complementary Loan from ADB 

The complete loan amount of US$ 60 million 

and Japanese Yen 7500 million had been 

drawn and disbursed to the two beneficiaries 

viz. APSEB and TNEB for Rayalseema 

Thermal Power Project and North Madras 

Thermal Power Project respectively. 

(iv) French Credit 

Out of the total loan amount of FF 304.74 

million, an amount of FF 302.62 million had 

been utilised upto 30.11.94. For the utilisation 

of the small remaining amount, French 

authorities were requested to further extend 

the utilisation period upto 31.12.94. 

(v) U. K. Grant 

Govt. of United Kingdom had offered 

financial resources in the form of grant to

Govt. of India for utilisation in power projects. 

Out of these, proposal of PFC for earmarking 

27 million for a major project was agreed to. 

The Overseas Development Agency (ODA)/ 

British High Commission signed an 

agreement with Govt. of India on 17.9.93 for 

Energy Efficiency Programme under which 

renovation of Hirakud Hydroelectric project 

of OSEB was approved. The grant, which 

will be provided by Govt. of India to PFC as 

loan, will be further on-lent to OSEB. PFC 

has since approved a loan of Rs. 78.80 crores 

to OSEB on 17.5.94 and would start 

progressively disbursing the loan amount in 

1994-95. In the mean time, PFC has posed to 

ODA, a number of other power projects for 

further utilisation of the grant. 

(vi) German Loan 

Significant progress has been made in 

obtaining financial assistance from KFW of 

Germany. Renovation & Upgradation scheme 

of Koyna Hydro-electric project of MSEB has 

been already approved for this purpose, and 

negotiations are underway for finalisation of 

KFW loan. 

10.5.3 EMCAT Project 

A Project on Energy Management 

Consultation and Training (EMCAT) by PFC 

was made operational in March, 1992, with 

the objective to bring about overall 

improvement in the efficiency of the energy 

supply component of the power sector. This 

is being implemented with funding amounting 

to US$14 million from USAID. The main 

activities of this project are training of power 

sector personnel, both in India and USA, and 

technical studies and services by Indian and 

U.S. Consultants. Under this project, the 

Corporation organised a number of training 

programmes for personnel of State Power 

Utilities and PFC within the country. 

Preliminary action was also taken to 

organise similar courses on specialised 

53 

subjects for such personnel in USA. In addition, 

the Corporation organised workshops on the 

following critical areas of the power sector : 

(i) Power Thefts. 

(ii) Transmission & Distribution Losses. 

(iii) Metering, Billing and Collection. 

These workshops were organised through 

Base Papers formulated by Consultants, and 

generated a wide participation from the State 

Power Utilities, the State Energy 

Departments, Central Power Undertakings 

and international funding agencies, among 

others. The recommendations stemming out 

of these workshops were sent to all the 

concerned agencies for consideration and 

implementation. 

10.5.4 Institutional Development of Borrowers 

PFC continued its endeavour to improve the 

operational and financial health of the 

borrowing entities through the formulation 

and implementation of Operational and 

Financial -Action Plans (OFAPS) for them. 

PFC had identified efficiency improvement 

and institutional strengthening as the key areas 

which need to be given impetus in the State 

Power Utilities. With this end in view, 

diagnostic studies to find out the weaknesses 

in technical, financial, managerial and also 

structural areas, had been conducted. Based 

on these findings, OFAPs had been formulated 

and accepted by the respective State 

Governments for 18 SEBs/SGCs. An OFAP 

has also been formulated in respect of one 

municipal power utility. The exercise for 

revision of OFAPs has also been taken up for 

seven Utilities, where these plans had been 

formulated long back. Revised OFAPs have 

been prepared for three utilities viz. APSEB, 

GEB and MPEB, and sent to the respective 

State Govts. for approval. Similar exercise 

for revision of existing OFAPs has been taken 

up for four other utilities viz. TNEB, KEB, 

MSEB and HPSEB.

10.5.5 Life Extension Studies 

PFC has drawn up ambitious plans to help infuse 

new life into obsolete power generating units 

which had completed more than 1,00,000 working 

hours. PFC has identified 26 such Thermal 

Power Stations (TPS). The plan is aimed at 

augmenting the PLF of such old power stations 

with minimum investment as well as to extend 

their life by 15 to 20 years. Renovation of existing 

power generating units has been found to be a 

very cost-effective and feasible solution to bridge 

the gap between the demand and supply of 

power. The Corporation has already taken the 

initiative of coordinating a Model Life-Extension 

Study at Chandrapura TPS of Damodar Valley 

Corporation. This study is being carried out by 

Tennessee Valley Authority of USA, under the 

EMCAT programme of USAID. 

10.5.6 Cell For Pre-Investment Supports 

In line with the present scenario, PFC, apart 

from project financing that it had been 

undertaking, established two loans with the World 

Bank assistance viz. the Technical Assistance 

Project (TAP) for Private Power Development 

and the Pre-Investment Fund (PIF), amounting 

to US$20 million and US$14 million, respectively. 

The former had been established primarily to give 

an impetus to the Private Power Development 

through providing financial assistance to the 

State Electricity Boards (SEBS) for hiring the 

services of consultants to assist and advise the 

SEBs in negotiating Power Purchase and other 

related agreements with the independent Power 

Producers and to help them privatise any existing 

facilities. The PIF, on the other hand, will 

provide financial assistance to SEBs and 

SGCs for Project Preparation and other 

preinvestment actions. In order to handle the 

above two loans effectively, a Cell for 

Preinvestment Supports (CPIS) has been 

set up within PFC. The Cell has been assisting 

54 

the Power Utilities in identifying the need for 

undertaking various types of studies through 

the hiring of consultants, formulation of loan 

proposals, making available information 

about the consultant’s competence to assist 

and advise the Utilities on the various 

objectives stated above, and help them in the 

selection of consultants. The Cell has been 

closely interacting with the Utilities and 

helping them in processing the loan 

applications and obtaining approvals of the 

World Bank wherever required. As on 

November 30, 1994, 34 loan schemes 

amounting to Rs. 45.87 crores had been 

sanctioned under the PIF and 4 loan proposals 

for Rs. 15.20 crores had been sanctioned under 

the TAP for Private Power Development. 

10.5.7 Concern For Environment 

In order to identify and help Power Utilities 

initiate time-bound Environment Upgradation 

Action Plans, pollution control measures and 

other plant-specific proposals to improve the 

environment, an Environmental Assessment 

and Monitoring Unit had been set-up in PFC. 

High priority is being attached in these action 

plans to the environmental awareness and 

control of such emissions and discharges from 

thermal stations as lead to environmental 

hazards. In all, 12 Thermal Power Stations 

have been reviewed from the environmental 

impact angle. World Bank has reconducted 

environmental review of one of the sample 

stations, which was earlier done by PFC, and 

was fully satisfied with the concept and 

procedure adopted by PFC. 

10.5.8 Future Plans 

With over Rs. 7,000 crores sanctioned (till 

November, 1994) as term loans for various 

Power Projects in about seven years of 

its lending operations, PFC has established 

itself as the lead financial institution in the

power sector. In addition, it has also started well 

on way to helping the State Power Utilities in 

their institutional implementation of OFAPS. In 

the immediate future, PFC intends to assume a 

large role for itself in the power sector, both in 

the category of its borrowers as well as in the 

areas of expert services that it could provide. 

Thus, PFC intends to expand its category of 

borrowers, apart from the State Power Utilities, 

to progressively include also the Central Power 

Corporations, Power Utilities in the Municipal, 

Joint and even Private Sector. As regards the 

additional services to be offered to its 

beneficiaries, PFC intends to progressively offer 

the following facilities after mobilising additional 

resources and making institutional arrangements 

:- 

a) Leasing of power equipment, for which 

a scheme has been drawn up; 

b) Foreign exchange services, for which 

PFC has obtained permission from RBI. 

Tiruchengodu 110/22 KV SS 110 KV 

Switchgears & Transformers 

55 

10.6 POWERGRID CORPORATION OF 

INDIA LIMITED (POWERGRID) 

POWERGRID 

Powergrid was incorporated in 1989 with an 

initial authorised share capital of Rs. 5.0 crores 

as an outcome of the restructuring process of 

the Indian Power Sector. It evolving as an 

amalgamating force, policy the best of 

transmission expertiser available for various 

organisations in the power sector. 

10.6.1 Mission 

Establishment and operation of regional and 

national power grids to facilitate transfer of 

power within and across the regions with 

reliability, security, economy and on sound 

commercial principles. 

10.6.2 Objectives 

The corporation has set out the following 

objectives in line with its mission. 

- Efficient operation and maintenance of 

transmission system. 

- Strengthening of regional power grids 

and establishment of inter-regional links 

leading to the formation of a national 

power grid. 

- Establishment/ augmentation of regional 

system co-ordination centres (RSCC) 

and communication facilities. 

- Introduction of a rational tariff structure 

for the exchange of power. 

- Establishment of power pools to 

facilitate exchange of power between 

states/regions. 

- Achievement of constructive 

cooperation and building of professional 

relations with stakeholders, peers and 

other related organisations. 

10.6.3 Towards a National Power Grid 

(i) In accordance with the Government’s 

decision of transferring the transmission 

systems from various Central/ Centre-State

joint Venture organizations, an Ordinance was 

promulgated by Government of India on January 

8, 1993, for the de-jure transfer of assets from 

National Thermal Power Corporation Limited 

(NTPC), National Hydro-electric Power 

Corporation Limited (NHPC) and North Eastern 

Electric Power Corporation Limited (NEEPCO) 

with effect from April 1, 1992. The ordinance 

was replaced by the ‘NTPC, NHPC and 

NEEPCO, Transfer of Assets Bill 1993", which 

was passed both in the Lok Sabha and the Rajya 

Sabha on March 16, 1993 and March 23, 1993, 

respectively and assented to by the Hon’ble 

President of India, and has also been published 

in the Gazette of India on April 2, 1993 as 

Act No. 24 of 1993. Similarly, the 

transmission system associated with Neyveli 

Lignite Corporation Limited (NLC) has been 

transferred to POWERGRID by way of Act 

No. 56 of 1994 dated September 14, 1994 with 

retrospective effect from April 1, 1992. 

(ii) While in the case of NJPC, no separate 

agreement was required as their transmission 

work was handled by NHPC, the transmission 

business of Nuclear Power Corporation 

including ongoing and new projects has also 

been taken over by POWERGRID on August 

28, 1991. The Memorandum of 

Understanding (MOU) for transfer of assets 

with THDC was signed on October 27, 1993. 

However, the manpower associated with the 

transmission system was transferred with 

effect from August 1993. 

10.6.4 Organisational Development and 

Consolidation 

After successful completion of the first phase 

of POWERGRID’s establishment and 

development, comprising taking over of the 

transmission assets of all Central Generating 

Companies in 1993, POWERGRID has now 

embarked on the second phase of its 

development. The management of the 

Southern Regional Load Despatch and 

Communication Centre (SRLDC) located at 

56 

Bangalore, was taken over by POWERGRID 

on January, 1, 1994. Accordingly, Eastern & 

North-Eastern Regional Load Despatch and 

Communication Centres (ERLDC & 

NERLDC) and Northern & Western Regional 

Load Despatch and Communication Centres 

(NRLDC & WRLDC) are scheduled to be 

transferred to POWERGRID by January 1, 

1995 and by January 1, 1996 respectively. 

10.6.5 Construction Performance 

(i) Construction performance for the year 

1993-94, has been commendable and 

surpassed the MOU target set for the year by 

stringing 1,115 Circuit Kms of transmission 

lines and commissioning of 2,140 MVA of 

transformation capacity against targets of 

1,088 Circuit kms of stringing and 1,890 

MVA of transformation capacity respectively. 

With the above achievements, POWERGRID 

earned the “Excellent” Rating as per its 

MOU with the Ministry of Power for the year 

1993-94. 

(ii) During 1993-94, POWERGRID completed/ 

commissioned six 400 KV lines and one 220KV 

line. It also completed/ commissioned six new 

sub-stations. Most of these lines have been 

completed well ahead of their respective linked 

generation units. The timely/ahead of schedule 

completion of POWERGRID’s Transmission 

Lines and sub-stations has come as a result of 

the effective project management including 

special monitoring done by top management at 

the critical stages. 

10.6.6 Construction Programme for 1994-95 and 

the Progress is as follows : 

S. Activity Target Achvmt. Addn/ Total 

1994-95 01/95 Likely Likely 

Achvmt. Achvmt 

02/95 Till 

03/95 

(antici 

pated) 

1. Stringing (CKM) 1230 1215 30 1250 

2. No. of Transformers 1 1 - 2 

3. Transformation 315 315 630 

Capacity in MVA

Following Lines/substations have been 

completed till end of Nov. 94 

1. Salal - Kishenpur - Sama 220 KV, D/C 

2. Hissar - Hissar, 220 KV, D/C 

3. Salal - Jammu, 220 KV, S / C 

4. AT-2 at Hissar S/S (315 MVA) 

5. Kathlguri-Mariani 400 KVDC 

Following additional Lines are expected to be 

completed till end of March., 95. 

1. Dimapur - Imphal, 132 KV, S/C 

2. Dimapur - Misa, 220 KV, D/C 

10.6.7 Operational Performance 

(i) As on March 31, 1994, a total of 23,500 

Circuit kms. of 400/220/132 KV transmission 

lines and a total transformation capacity of 

20,600 MVA which includes capacity of 

Converter Transformers in HVDC system, 

distributed over 47 sub-stations, are under 

operation. The operational performance of 

POWERGRID transmission system has been 

very impressive in all the five power Regions. 

Overall Regional average availability of 

transmission lines during the year 1993-94 

was 97.58%, excluding NER. 

Yearly Percentage Line Availability 

year Total Excluding NER 

NER 

1990-91 96.36 88.40 

1991-92 97.67 88.50 

1992-93 98.28 95.60 

1993-94 97.57 96.35 

1994-95 (April’94 - October’94) 

(Anticipated upto 31.03.95) 97.80 94.20 

TRANSMISSION LINES AND SUB-STATIONS UNDER O&M AS ON 22.11.94 

Region No. of Total Ckt. Kms. Transformation 

Substations 400Kv 220Kv 132Kv Total Cap. (MVA) 

NRI 5+3# 6063* 1546 7609 7279* 

NR II 4 1190 609 - 1799 2010 

SR 15 5457 64 - 5521 5999 

ER 13 2572 1158 - 3730 6060 

WR 3 4234 828 - 5062 630 

NER 6 - 218 695 913 25 

Total 49 19516 4423 695 24634 22003 

* Includes 1630 KM of 500kv HVDC Rihand Dadri Line 

# Includes three HVDC terminals 

* Includes 4344 MVA in HVDC systems 

57

(ii) POWERGRID has developed adequate 

expertise for Hot Line maintenance of 

transmission lines. This technique has been 

presently adopted in Southern and Western 

Regions. Further, POWERGRID has 

implemented a major programme for 

replacement of insulators of various 

transmission lines in the North-Eastern 

Region, which was the main reason for 

transmission line breakdowns. These 

measures have enabled POWERGRID to 

achieve higher availability figures for the 

transmission system. 

10.6.8 Financial Performance 

(i) The Financial Performance of the Corporation 

has been satisfactory for the Financial Year 

1993-94. During the year the finances of the 

Corporation got streamlined with 

reconciliation of accounts with the transferor 

organisations namely NTPC, NHPC and 

NEEPCO, as also the transfer of assets from 

NLC, and Salal-I Project of NHPC located in 

the state of Jammu & Kashmir. Government 

of India approval was obtained for Capital 

Restructuring of the Organisation by 

converting Rs. 567.50 crores of GOI loans into 

equity, and consequent reconciliation of 

interest payments with the Controller of 

Accounts of the GOI. As a result of this 

capital restructuring, the debt-equity of the 

company has improved to a healthy ratio of 

44:56. 

(ii) The Gross Block of the Corporation increased 

by Rs. 708 Crores during 1993-94 which 

includes Rs. 366 Crores of Gross Block 

transferred from NLC. The revenue for 1993- 

94, however, has grown marginally to Rs. 

648.76 crores, compared to Rs. 634.06 crores 

during the last financial year 1992-93. T h e 

profits of the Corporation during 1993-94 

works out to Rs. 187.88 crores. During the 

year an amount of Rs. 200 crores has been 

transferred to the General Reserve Account. 

58 

10.6.9 Capital Re-structuring 

This Capital Restructuring has led to loans 

amounting to Rs. 567.50 crores being 

converted to equity, resulting in an appropriate 

debt-equity ratio of 44:56 now. This Capital 

Restructuring will also end to increased 

retained earnings of the Corporations on this 

account by Rs. 71 Crores every year, and 

increased annual internal resource generation 

by more than Rs. 100 Crores, leading to 

reduced dependence of the Corporation on the 

net budgetary support of the Government. 

10.6.10 Funds Mobilization from International 

Financial Institutions 

(i) The World Bank has extended a new loan of 

US$ 350.0 million directly to POWERGRID, 

which is the first of its kind to be granted to 

any Central Transmission Agency by the 

World Bank. The total World Bank Loan 

commitments to POWERGRID, including the 

transmission related loans transferred from 

NTPC and NHPC, amounts to US$ 1,479.5 

million. During the year, the process of World 

Bank loan transfer from NTPC and NHPC 

have also been completed with the signing of 

Loan Agreements, Project Agreements and 

Subsidiary Loan Agreements. Further, the 

World Bank has expressed happiness and 

reposed faith in POWERGRID, for its 

performance and commendable institutional 

growth with the excellent development 

progress made in all sphere of its activities 

and has indicated its interest in financing 

another project of POWERGRID to the extent 

of about US$ 400 million. Presently, the 

World Bank is conducting pre-appraisal 

studies for this future loan. 

(ii) ADB also, has shown interest to extend 

financing to the extent of about US$ 250 

million. In the last year OECF has 

sanctioned J¥ 3.5 billion towards the Faridabad 

transmission project which takes

the cumulative amount of loans so far sanctioned 

to POWERGRID by OECF to J¥ 24.2 billion 

for the Gandhar, Kathalguri and Faridabad 

transmission projects. 

(iii) For financing the Chandrapur HVDC Backto- 

Back Project, four Loan Agreements total 

amounting to about FF 396 million and UK £ 

59.69 million were concluded and signed 

during the year. This includes a soft loan from 

the French treasury amounting to FF 172 

million. In addition, an ODA grant of 65.0 

million pound sterling has also been 

sanctioned for financing the same project, as 

also to provide Technical Assistance for 

developing systems in certain critical areas. 

(iv) POWERGRID has also signed a loan 

agreement with the European Investment 

Bank amounting to ECU 55 million (about 

Rs. 198 crores) on the 17th of December, 

1993. This loan to be utilized for cofinancing 

Southern Region Load Despatch Centre 

Project, is the first loan from the European 

Investment Bank to an Asian country and will 

go a long way to implement the SRLDC 

project in time. The European Investment 

Bank has further indicated its interest in 

funding some other projects of POWERGRID 

to the extent of ECU 100 million, as also its 

willingness to participate in the 

POWERGRID joint Venture equity. 

10.6.11Funds Mobilization from Domestic Financial 

Institutions 

Subsequent to the excellent credit rating of 

Al(A one) assigned by Investment 

Information & Credit Rating Agency of India 

Limited (ICRA), POWERGRID came out 

with a Commercial Paper issue amounting to 

Rs. 67 crores in two tranches which was fully 

subscribed by the bankers. Similarly 

POWERGRID was successfully able to raise 

bonds worth Rs. 250 crores on private 

placement basis after they were credit 

rated as high safety investment 

instruments at LAA + (L double A plus) by 

59 

ICRA. A term loan of Rs. 150 crores has also 

been sanctioned to POWERGRID by UTI. 

10.6.12 Project Approvals 

In the last year, POWERGRID made 

significant investment decisions regarding 

various transmission projects. Major projects 

for which investment approvals were obtained 

during the year are : 

i) Kopili Stage I Extension Transmission 

system 

ii) Kishenpur-Monga Transmission System 

iii) Chamera-Kishenpur Transmission 

System 

iv) Agartala Transmission system 

v) Chandrapur HVDC Project 

vi) Ganga Valley (Tehri) Transmission 

System 

vii) Augmentation of Central Transition 

system in Northern Region 

viii) Augmentation of Central Transmission 

system in Southern Region 

a) Installation of Auto Transformers 

b) Installation of Reactors 

x) Kaiga Transmission system 

xii) Balipara-Tenga Transmission system 

10.6.13 Annual Plan 

The annual outlay prepared for the financial 

year 1994-95 for POWERGRID is Rs. 

1,110.75 crores. This will fund construction 

of various sanctioned ongoing schemes 

besides some of the new schemes which are 

presently in the advanced stages of investment 

approval. 

10.6.14 Design and Engineering 

Foundation stone of 1,000MW (2x500 MW 

blocks) of HVDC back to back link 

at Chandrapur, one of the largest size plant 

of its kind in the world, was laid down 

by the Hon’ble Prime Minister Shri P.V.

Narasimha Rao on December 25,1993. Since 

then activities relating to design and 

engineering of this project have commenced 

and this link shall become operational by end 

of 1996. This shall be another big step 

towards formation of the National Power Grid. 

Design and Engineering for India’s first 800 KV 

Line between Kishenpur and Moga and 400 KV 

double circuit lines in hilly and snow-bound areas 

associated with the Nathpa-Jhakri and Koldam 

were completed and technical specifications 

finalised. 

Endeavour has been made to further improve 

the performance of the Rihand Delhi HVDC link 

by making good deficiencies in the AC system. 

10.6.15 System Planning and Studies 

i) A “Manual on Transmission System 

Planning Criteria” was finalised in 

association with CEA. 

ii) Feasibility for evolving transmission 

system of Private sector projects viz. IB 

Valley TPS, Mangalore TPS, Teesta 

HEP and Wardha TPS was undertaken. 

iii) The scheme for evolving EHV 

interconnection between Indian Power 

system with that of Bangladesh and 

Nepal was studied. 

10.6.16 R & D Activities 

i) Development of a “Real Time Digital 

Simulator” has been taken up in 

association with the Indian Institute of 

Technology (IIT). Kharagpur. This will 

help in real time monitoring of power 

system and provide operational support. 

ii) Design for upgradation of 132 KV double 

circuit line into 400 KV single circuit was 

developed. 

60 

iii) The project on performance of insulator 

strings with failed disc insulators taken 

up with association of CPRI was 

completed. The project on electric and 

magnetic field measurement of AC and 

DC line and 400/220 KV Sub-stations 

taken up in association with CPRI is in 

progress. 

iv) Software for selection of distance 

protection relay settings was developed. 

10.6.17 Introduction of New Technologies 

All Aluminium Alloy Conductors (AAAC) 

and Polymer insulators are being proposed to 

be used for the Ramagundam-Hyderabad 400 

KV AC line for trial experience. Besides, long 

rod insulators are also being proposed to be 

introduced as alternative to conventional disc 

insulators. 

Optical Fibre Ground Wire (OPGW) is 

proposed to be used on some of the 

forthcoming 800 KV/400 KV transmission 

lines with a view to proving efficient and 

reliable communication system.

B. JOINT VENTURE CORPORATIONS 

10.7 TEHRI HYDRO DEVELOPMENT 

CORPORATION (THDC) 

(i) The Tehri Hydro Development Corporation 

(THDC) was incorporated on 12th July 1988, 

as a joint venture of the Govt. of India and 

Govt. of U.P. to execute the Tehri Hydro 

Power Complex in Garhwal District of U.P. 

and also to plan, promote and organise the 

development and harnessing of such other 

hydroelectric sites/projects in Bhagirathi, 

Bhilangana valley as may be entrusted to the 

Corporation by the Government. The 

Corporation has an authorised share capital 

of Rs. 1200 Crores. 

(ii) The Corporation is presently engaged in the 

implementation of Tehri Dam Project since 

June 1989 after the works were transferred to 

it by Government of U.P. The Tehri Complex 

is located on river Bhagirathi envisaging 

construction of two dams, one just 

downstream of Tehri Town and other at 

Koteshwar, 22 Kms downstream of main dam. 

The components of Tehri Hydro Power 

Complex and their estimated cost is as under: 

Components (Rs. in Crores) 

Base - March 93. 

Estimated Cost 

Irrrigation Power 

(a) A 260.5 mtr. 563.00 2252.00 

Rockfill Dam & Hydro Power 

Project (Stage-I of the Complex) 

with a concrete Spillway and a 

1000 MW (4x250 MW) Hydro 

Power Plant. 

(b) A concrete Koteshwar Dam - 725.00 

down-stream of Tehri with a 

Hydro Power Plant of 400 MW 

(4xl00 MW). 

61 

(c) A 1000 MW Pump Storage - 1224.00 

Plant at Tehri. 

(d) Power Transmission system - 819.00 

for evacuation of Power from 

the Complex. 

(To be implemented by 

Power Grid Corporation) 

563.00 5020.00 

Total Cost (Irrigation & Power) 5583.00 

10.7.1 Project Clearance 

The complex was initially to be funded by 

erstwhile USSR to the tune of 1000 Million 

Roubles, as per the Indo Soviet Agreement 

of 1986. Due to political changes in USSR, 

the funds were no longer available. In view 

of resource constraint, Government of India 

has on 15.3.1994 approved implementation 

of Stage-I of the project only at present, i.e. 

Tehri Dam& HPP (1000 MW), alongwith 

minimum essential works of P.S.P. & ongoing 

commitments of Koteshwar Dam & HPP and 

the Associated transmission system for 

evacuation of power at following costs 

(Rs. in Crores) 

Components Cost 

1. Tehri Dam & HPP (Stage-I) 2815.00 

2. Committed works of 

Koteshwar Dam & HPP. 34.36 

3. Essential works of Tehri PSP 114.30 

Total 2963.66 

4. *Associated Transmission system 371.00 

Grand Total : 3334.66 

*To be executed by Power Grid Corporation 

through its own resources.

10.7.2 Tehri Dam & HPP Stage-I 

Tehri Dam & HPP, Stage-I comprises of the 

following major components : 

* 260.5m high earth and rockfill dam at 

Tehri. 

* 4 nos. diversion tunnels 11 m dia each. 

Total length : 6.3 km. 

* 1000 mw underground power house having 

four conventional turbine generator sets of 

250 mw each. 

* Water conductor system for power house 

comprising 2 nos. 8.5 m dia each head 

race tunnels, 4 nos. pressure shafts, 2 non. 

tail race tunnels etc. 

* A concrete chute spillway, with 3 bays of 

10 m span. 

* 4 nos. shaft spillway - two ungated on the 

right bank and two gated on the left bank. 

* An intermediate outlet for controlled filling 

of the reservoir and for irrigation releases 

when the power house is shut down. 

10.7.3 Benefits 

Tehri Dam & HPP Stage-I is a multipurpose 

project catering to the needs of power generation, 

irrigation and drinking water. The main benefits 

from the Stage-I when completed are : 

- Addition to the installed capacity in 

Northern Region: 1000 MW 

- Annual energy availability (peaking) 3568 

Million Units 

- Additional irrigation in 2.7 lac hectors 

besides stabilisation in existing 6.04 Lac 

ha. 

- 162.0 million gallons of water per day for 

drinking water supply to Delhi. 

- 108.0 million gallons of water per day for 

drinking water supply by the towns and 

villages of Uttar Pradesh. 

62 

- Integrated development of Garhwal Region, 

including construction of a new hill station with 

provision of all possible facilities; improved 

communication, education, health, tourist traffic, 

setting-up of nonpolluting industries, development 

of horticulture, fisheries, afforestation of the 

Region etc. much to the advantage of the people 

of that region. 

10.7.4 Status of Project Works 

Considerable physical progress has been made 

on Stage-I works. The present status of the 

project is : 

- All the four diversion tunnels have been 

completed and the river diverted through 

the two Right Bank Tunnels. 

- The foundation of the main dam over the 

entire length of 1.1 km. has been laid and 

the Coffer dam as well as main dam have 

been raised upto 15 mtr. above the river 

bed level 

- Various infrastructural works have been 

completed at the project site. 

- Excavation of four numbers (two each for 

HPP Stage-I & PSP) Head Race Tunnels 

of 8.5 meters diameter each, with a total 

length of 5190 meters have been 

completed and lining work is complete in 

Stage-I tunnels while it is partly done in 

tunnels for PSP. 

- Approach adits to underground power 

station cavern also completed. 

- First Stage rural rehabilitation for the rural 

area coming under submergence due to 

construction of coffer dam has been 

completed. Works for establishment of 

New Tehri Town which is already partly 

inhabited, are in advance stage of 

construction and are expected to be ready 

by end of June ’95. 

- All the studies required by MOEF 

relating to environment protection 

have been completed and submitted to

MOEF. These indicate that no 

environmental damage would be caused by 

the construction of the project. 

- As on date, Compensatory Afforestation in 

about 4300 ha. and Catchment Area 

Treatment in about 23,900 ha. have been 

completed. 

- Work for raising of Coffer dam has been 

awarded and the coffer dam is expected to 

be ready by June 1995. Tenders for major 

Civil works like Dam, Power House & 

Spillway have been invited and works are 

expected to be awarded by March to June 

1995. For electromechanical equipment, 

negotiations are going on with a Consortium 

of manufacturers from Russia & Ukraine 

under leadership of Hydro-project Institute 

Moscow. 

- An expenditure of Rs. 931.21 crores has 

been incurred on the project works upto 

January, 1995 

- The project is envisaged to be commissioned 

by March 1999. 

DAJ ADIT to head Race Tunnel 

63 

10.8 NATHPA JHAKRI POWER 

CORPORATION LTD. 

Nathpa Jhakri Power Corporation was 

incorporated on 24th May, 1988 to plan, promote, 

organise, execute, operate and maintain 

hydroelectric power projects in the Satluj river 

basin in Himachal Pradesh. The authorised 

share capital of NJPC is Rs. 1000 crores and 

equity-loan ratio is 1:1. This Project is a joint 

venture of Government of India and Government 

of HP both share the cost of the project in the 

ratio of 3:1 respectively. 

10.8.1 Nathpa Jhakri Hydro-electric Project 

The Nathpa Jhakri Power Project envisages to 

harness the hydro power potential in the upper 

reaches of river Satluj in the form of a run-ofriver 

scheme. The main features of the project 

are : 

(i) 60.50 m high concerete dam on Satluj river 

at Nathpa to divert 405 cumecs of water 

through four intakes. Being a diversion 

dam there is neither the impoundment and 

resultant displacement of population, nor 

deforestation. 

(ii) the half a km. underground desilting 

complex to prevent sediment particles 

above 0.2 mm from entering into the head 

race tunnel and in-turn into the turbines, 

would be among the largest such 

complexes in the World. It will comprise 

of four chambers each 525 m long, 

16.31 m wide and 27.5 m deep. 

(iii) a 10.15 m diameter and 27.30 km. long 

head race tunnel (HRT), one of the largest 

hydro power tunnels in the World. 

(iv) the 301 m deep orifice type surge shaft 

located at the intake of the penstocks would 

be one of the deepest surge shaft in the 

World. 

(v) an underground Power House with a

cavern size of 222 m x 20 m x 49 m having six 

Francis Units of 250 MW each would be the 

largest underground power complex in the 

country. 

(vi) 10.15 m diameter and 1080 m long tail race 

tunnel to lead the water back into the river Satluj. 

10.8.2 Project Commissioning Schedule-benefit 

The Project comprising six units of 250 MW 

each is scheduled to be commissioned 

progressively by October, 1999. The project 

when completed will generate 6700 MU of 

electrical energy in a 90% dependable year and 

7447 MU in an average year besides providing 

1500 MW of valuable peaking power to the 

Northern Region. 

10.8.3 Project Cost 

The approved cost of the Project is Rs. 4337.95 

crores at March, 1993 price level (this includes 

Rs. 648.69 crores as interest during 

construction). The World Bank has sanctioned 

a loan of US$ 437 millions (Rs. 1376.55 crores) 

through Government of India and the loan has 

become effective from 31st January, 1990. 

10.8.4 Major Civil Works and Electro-Mechanical 

Package - Award 

The four major civil packages of (i) Dam, Intake 

and Desilting complex (ii) 16 kms HRT and works 

at shoulding (iii) 11 kms of HRT and Surge shaft 

and (iv) Power-House Complex costing Rs. 2040 

crores have been awarded to three international 

Consortia each of whom has an Indian 

Construction Company as its partner. Besides 

the above civil packages, NJPC has also 

awarded a Rs. 475 crores contract for the 

Electromechanical package Generating 

equipment to an European Consortium of 

firms led by M/s ABB (Germany) with BHEL, 

as one of the partners. The contract was 

signed on 24th March, 1994 and has become 

effective after release of 15% initial advance 

64 

with effect from lst Nov. 94 with a commissioning 

schedule of October, 1999. 

10.8.5 Main Project Execution 

Implementation of major civil works is in progress 

with the three joint ventures of Indian & Foreign 

construction companies who have been awarded 

the four major packages having mobilised at 

project site, bringing in equipment commensurate 

with larger scope of work. 

In the dam complex area, out of the 700 mtrs. of 

8 mtrs. dia diversion tunnel, 673 mtrs. have been 

completed which will pave the way for diverting 

the river facilitating the dam construction. In 

the desilting complex, 335 mtrs. of approach adit 

excavation has been completed. 

In the 10.15 mtrs. dia HRT about 3 k.m. of tunnel 

excavation has been completed. On the surge 

shaft over 27 m. out of 80 mtrs. overburden 

excavation and first layer concreting has been 

completed. In the Power House Complex, crown 

excavation of the Power House is nearing 

completion. The project work has been taken 

up in almost all the fronts by the major civil 

contractors. 

10.8.6 Rehabilitation and Resettlement 

NJPC being run of the river scheme involves 

the construction of only a diversion dam and has 

virtually no impoundment except for diurnal 

storage. Accordingly, the related problems 

associated with ecology, displacement of 

population and deforestation are minimal. 

Presently only 48 families have been identified 

as land oustees. Out of this, for all the 29, 

families at jhakri, demarcation of plots/land has 

been made. For the balance, formalities of 

transfer of land are in process. Out of the 

families who have lost their houses, 30 families 

have already been compensated.

C. STATUTORY BODIES 

10.9 DAMODAR VALLEY 

CORPORATION (DVC) 

(i) The Damodar Valley Corporation (DVC) was 

established on July 7, 1948 under the Damoder 

Valley Corporation Act. The Corporation has a 

full-time Chairman and two part-time Members. 

The part-time Members represent the States of 

Bihar and West Bengal. 

The functions of the Corporation include : 

* the promotion and operation of schemes 

for irrigation, water supply and drainage; 


for the generation, transmission and 

distribution of energy, both hydroelectric 

and thermal; 


for flood control in the Damodar river and 

its tributaries and the channels excavated 

by the Corporation for the improvement 

of flow conditions in the Hooghly river and 

promotion and control of navigation. 

* the promotion of afforestation and control 

of soil erosion in the Damodar Valley; and 

* the promotion of public health and the 

agricultural, industrial, economic and 

general well-being in the Damodar Valley 

and its areas of operation. 

(ii) The Corporation has so far constructed four 

multi-purpose dams at Tilaiya, Konar, Maithon 

and Panchet. The irrigation system comprises 

a barrage over river Damodar at Durgapur and 

the canal system of 2495 Kms which includes 

137 Kms long irrigation cum-navigation canal on 

the left bank of the river Damodar. The 

management of irrigation system excluding the 

navigation canal was transferred to the 

Government of West Bengal in 1964. 

65 

(iii) Existing Power Plants Thermal 

Bokaro ‘A’ 190 MW (3x50 MW) (lx40 MW) 

Bokaro ‘B’ 630 MW (3x2l0 MW) 

Chandrapura 750 MW (3xl30 MW) (lx2l0 MW) 

Gas Turbine 

GTP, Maithon 82.5 MW (3x27.5 MW) 

Hydel 

Tilaiya 4 MW (2x2 MW) 

Maithon 60 MW (3x20 MW) 

Panchet 80 MW (2x40 MW) 

DVC’s Transmission system runs to a total length 

of 5256 CKT Kms long comprising of 1019 CKT 

Kms 220 KV lines, 3342 CKT Kms 132 KV 

line, 895 CKT Kms 33 KV lines. 

DVC’s soil conservation activities have already 

covered an area of three lac hectares of affected 

areas. More than 8,000 check-dams have 

already been constructed for controlling run off 

soil and providing small irrigational facilities. 

10.9.1 Overall performance and achievements 

(i) The improved generation trend has been 

maintained by DVC during April-November, 

1994 which touched 4578 MU against 4251 MU 

generated during the corresponding period of 

1993-94. Turnover has also increased to Rs. 

623.04 crores during April-November ’94. 

Turnover has also increased to Rs. 623.04 crores 

during April-November ’94 (which was Rs. 571 

crores in April-November’95) and profit to Rs. 

91.64 crores (against Rs. 76.67 crores during 

April-November’93). Sale of power during 

April-November 1994 was 4452 and specific oil 

consumption level was 13.81 ml/kwh. 

(ii) Year at a glance (April-November’94) 

Generation (MU) 4578 

PLF (%) 37.56 

Specific Oil Consumption (ml/kwh) 13.81 

Sale of Power (MU) 4452 

Turnover (Rs. in crores) 623.04 

Profit (Rs. in crores) 91.64 

Target generation for 1994-95 7500 MU

(iii) MEJIA TPS (3x210 MW) : 

Power House Cumulative progress upto Nov. 

(94) 

Civil Str. Mill Bay: Boiler TG 

work Steel erc. Str Erec. Erection 

Unit -1 93.5% 99.2% 98.0% 67.5% 47.3% 

Unit -II 79.5% 84% 50% 35.2% - 

Unit-III 67% 4 % Started in 

11/94 10% 

(Aux.Boiler) 

(iv) Bokaro’B’ Stage-II (2x2l0 MW) 

Unit - 2 : Under Commercial Operation 

w.e.f. 15.12.91. 

Unit - 3 : Declared as under commercial 

operation w.e.f. 1.4.94. 

Residual works in Rapid Coal Transportation 

system are under progress. 

(v) Bermo Mines : 

Bermo Coal Mine, abandoned since 1988 and 

reactivised in September ’93 has been raising 

coal for Supplying to Bokaro TPS. The mine 

has already raised a record quantity of 2180 

MT of coal on October 22nd, 1994. 

(vi) Panchet Hydel Unit-II (lx40 MW) 

(a) Actual from 4/94 

to 11/94 

Turbine mode : Under commercial 

operation w.e.f. 11.4.91. 

Tail Pool Dam : Concreting work 

commenced on 20.12.93 

and has been continuing 

despite (for pump mode 

operation) minor 

interruptions. 

Cumulative 

progress achieved : 

Earth Dam & Dyke : 

Cut-off wall : 229 M out of 434 M 

66 

Earth work : 5000 M 3 out of 600000 

M 3 

Concrete spill way : 

Excavation : 45000M 3 out of 91000 

M 3 

Concreting : 1800 M 3 out of 60000 

M 3 

b) Estimated/Projected 

work from 12 / 94 to 3 / 95 

Earth Dam & Dyke : 

Cut-off wall : 40000 M 3 

Concrete spill way : 

Excavation : 20000 M 3 

Concreting : 2000 M 3 

10.9.2 Power Generation and PLF 

During April-Nov.’94 DVC generated 4577.78 

MU which was around 8 per cent more than 

the power generated during the corresponding 

period of 1993-94. Total Thermal generation 

during the period was 4200 MU while Hydel 

stations contributed 362.74 MU and Gas 

Turbine station 14.52. Target for generation for 

the year 1994-95 is 7500 MU. 

Plant wise generation and PLF of DVC achieved during 

April to Nov., 94 

Station Gen (MU) PLF (%) 

BTPS ‘A’ 342.50 30.78 

BTPS ‘B’ 1685.96 45.70 

CTPS 1165.51 26.54 

DTOS 1006.55 50.55 

Total 

Thermal 4200.52 37.56 

Total 

Hydel 362.74 - 

Total G.T. 14.52 - 

Total DVC 4577.78 37.56

(ii) Generation & PLF to achieve in (December 

1994 to march 1995) 4 Months 

Gen (MU) PLF (%) Expected Gen. in 

Next 4 Months 

BTPS ‘A’ 286 51.83 195 

BTPS’B’ 1014 55.42 870 

C.T.P.S. 1034 47.47 700 

D.T.P.S. 593 60.00 630 

Total Thermal 2927 52.77 2395 

(iii) R & M Programme 

A number of DVC’s thermal plant units are old, 

ageing between 40 and 20 years. These units at 

Bokaro, Chandrapura and Durgapur are being 

attended through R&M Programmes. 

(iv) R & D Activities 

DVC have undertaken R&D project work in 

collaboration with other R&D Establishments 

such as BHEL, NTPC, NHPC, CMERI etc. 

DVC’s Gas Turbine Power Station at Maithon 

67 

10.10 BHAKRA BEAS MANAGEMENT 

BOARD (BBMB) 

(i) The administration, operation and maintenance 

of Bhakra Nangal and Beas Projects has been 

entrusted to the Bhakra Beas Management 

Board under the Punjab Reorganisation Act, 

1966. The works on Bhakra Nangal Project 

consist of the Bhakra Dam, two Power Houses 

i.e., Left Bank and Right Bank Power Plants, 

Nangal Dam, Nangal Hydel Channel (NHC), 

two Power Plants namely Ganguwal and Kotla 

on N.H.C. The Beas Project consists of two 

units namely Unit No. I and Unit No. 11. 

Unit No. I comprises the Pandoh Dam, Pandoh 

Baggi Tunnel, Sundernagar Hydel Channel, 

Balancing Reservoir, Sundernagar Sutlej 

Tunnel, Dehar Power Plant including Surge 

Shaft and bye pass chute. Unit No. II comprises 

the Pong Dam, the Pong Power Plant, two 

Irrigation Tunnels and the Spillway. 

(ii) The installed capacity of the Power Plants is 

as under : 

Power House Installed 

Capacity (MW) 

1. Bhakra (Right Bank) 660 

2. Bhakra (Left Bank) 540 

3. Ganguwal 77.65 

4. Kotla 77.65 

5. Dehar 990 

6. Pong 360 

2705.30 

(iii) The BBMB also manages the Operation & 

Maintenance of a large transmission system 

comprising 574.30 circuit Kms. of 400 KV 

line and 2998.00 circuit Kms of 220 KV lines

extending from Bhakra, Pong Dehar to Delhi 

passing through Himachal Pradesh, Punjab and 

Haryana and having three Nos. 400 KV Substations 

at Dehar, Panipat and Bhiwani and 

seventeen 220 KV Sub-stations at various other 

places. 

10.10.1 Generation 

The actual generation from BBMB Power 

Houses during the period lst April, 1994 to 31st 

January, 1995 was 10701 MUs. The estimated 

generation during the period February to 

March, 1995 would be 1449 MUs. Thus the 

total actual/estimated generation from BBMB 

Power Houses during the year 1994-95 would 

be about 12150 MUs against the generation 

target of 9505 MUs for the year 1994-95 fixed 

by CEA. 

Training on 210 MW Replica Simulator 

68 

D. AUTONOMOUS BODIES 

10.11 NATIONAL POWER TRAINING 

INSTITUTE (NPTI) 

(i) National Power Training Institute (NPTI), 

formerly Power Engineers Training Society, 

was set up by the Government of India on 

1-1-1980 to function as a National Apex Body 

for meeting the training needs of the power 

sector in the country. Besides its Hqrs. at NPTI 

complex, Sector-33 Faridabad (Haryana), it has 

four Regional Power Training Institutes at 

Neyveli, Durgapur, Badarpur, (New Delhi) and 

Nagpur, set up in the years 1965, 1968, 1974 

& 1975 respectively. The infrastructure of 

these Institutes was acquired through various 

schemes such as TPSPTI, Workshop and 

Laboratories and 210 MW Simulator at 

Badarpur etc. which have already been 

completed. 

(ii) The scheme for upgrading the PETS into 

National Power Training Institute (NPTI) 

together with an Institute for Advanced 

Learning and Management Studies 

(INALMAS) at Faridabad, was sanctioned on 

26-11-91 at an estimated cost of Rs. 1273.74 

lakhs. PETS has since been upgraded to NPTI 

with effect from 1-4-93 and has started 

functioning in the existing complex. The 

development of INALMAS is in progress. The 

scheme is likely to be completed by June, 1996. 

(iii) NPTI will also embody an Institute for 

Advanced Learning and Management Studies 

for higher echelons of power sector, which, is 

being established at NPTI complex, Sector-33, 

Faridabad, NPTI has been organising training 

programmes for Power Engineers, Operators 

and Technicians in its Institutes. The training 

courses being conducted at the Regional 

Institutes of NPTI include the following : 

* Induction level courses for Graduate

Engineers (Thermal/Hydro/Power Systems) 

* Induction Level courses for Operators 

(Thermal/Power System) 

* Induction level courses for Technicians 

(iv) Apart from the long-term courses in Thermal, 

Hydro and Power Systems areas, NPTI also 

organises around 238 short-term courses on 

different specialised subjects. It also organises 

training courses on Simulator, training courses 

for in-service engineers, tailor made courses and 

onplant/on site training programmes etc. More 

than 37000 personnel have been trained upto 

March 1994. The number of persons trained in 

the various courses conducted by the Institutes 

under NPTI during the year 1994-95 (upto Oct. 

1994) is as follows 

No. Courses No. of persons trained 

1. Regular courses for Engineers 181 

2. Condensed courses for Engineers 133 

3. Short term courses for Engineers 220 

4. Maintenance courses for Technicians 221 

5. On-plant/on-site courses 221 

6. Simulator Courses 161 

Total 1137 

(v) This works out to 8577 trainee weeks upto Oct. 

1994. Till now 3396 engineers have been trained 

on the 210 MW Simulator since the installation 

in 1982 with UNDP Assistance at Badarpur 

Institute of NPTI. 

(vi) Apart from the above, the following specialised 

Residential Programmes were organised in the 

area of Management at NPTI complex, 

Faridabad under the Institute for Advanced 

Learning & Management Studies : 

69 

(a) Financial Decision Making for Senior 

Executives of SEBs/Power Utilities from 

lst - 5th August, 1994. 

(b) “Environmental Management in Power 

Sector” from 24th-28th October, 1994. 

10.11.1 Simulator Schemes 

The scheme for installation of one 500 MW 

Simulator at TPSPTI, Badarpur and one 210 

MW Simulator at Nagpur was approved during 

1990-91 at an estimated cost of Rs. 1840.12 

lakhs and Rs. 1737.21 lakhs respectively. The 

orders for manufacturing/installation of 210 

MW & 500 MW Simulators were placed on 

M/s Electronic Corporation of India Ltd., 

Hyderabad on 26th march, 1993 and 7th 

February, 1994 respectively. It is expected that 

these simulators would be ready for training 

by April, 1996 and March 1997 respectively. 

10.11.2 Training Resources Unit 

A Training Resources Unit (TRU) is also 

functioning at NPTI HQ to develop training 

material to meet the training needs of power 

sector. NPTI has published training manuals 

on Thermal Power Plant Metallurgy, Valve 

Maintenance, Ash handling Plant, Valve for 

Engines and Hydro Power Plant familiarisation. 

10.11.3 Computer Based Self-learning packages 

A three year programme has been designed 

for in-house faculty for development of 

computer aided self-learning packages. As a 

part of Phase-I of the programme, two faculty 

officers of NPTI have already been trained in 

U.K. and requisite facilities have already been 

created at NPTI complex, Faridabad. Under 

phase-II faculty member will be trained in the 

field for further strengthening of these facilities. 

An allocation of 3,57,565 pounds have been 

approved for phase-II of the project from the 

Technical Cooperation Fund. As a first 

step, self-learning packages on ‘Boiler’ and

‘Milling system’ are in the advanced stage of 

development. 

10.11.4 Consultancy 

NPTI as a national apex Organisation in the 

field of training have diversified into different 

areas of consultancy such as setting up of 

Training Institutes, Recruitment of Engineers 

for Utilities, Assessment of Training needs etc. 

The following proposals are in process : 

* A proposal for setting up a training 

Institute in Bhutan is in consideration. As 

requested by Ministry of External Affairs, 

NPTI is in the process of preparing a 

comprehensive preliminary report 

outlining the activities that would be 

undertaken by NPTI for preparation of 

detailed project report including financial 

proposal for establishment of training 

Institute in Bhutan. The proposal would 

be based on the assumption that all 

70 

10.11.5 Funds 

expertise including engineering and 

architectural design would have to be 

arranged by NPTI. 

* In order to provide consultancy to 

Damodar Valley Corporation a proposal 

on formulating training needs and other 

associated aspects of career development 

of various categories of employees i.e. 

Engineering, Administrative, Accounts & 

Finance etc. has been submitted to DVC 

for consideration. 

During the year 1994-95 (upto Nov., 1994) 

amount of Rs. 138.00 lakhs (under NonPlan) 

has been released by the Ministry of Power. 

The training fee and other receipts during the 

year 1994-95 is estimated to earn a revenue of 

Rs. 112.50 lakhs as compared to Rs. 102.80 

lakhs during the year 1993-94.

10.12 CENTRAL POWER RESEARCH 

INSTITUTE (CPRI) 

(i) The Central Power Research Institute was 

established in the year 1960. In 1978, it was 

re-organised into an autonomous society under 

the then Ministry of Energy. 

(ii) The institute, an autonomous body, is managed 

by a Governing body comprising members 

representing the Government, the electrical 

utilities, the industries and academic institutions 

etc. The Secretary (Power) to the Government 

of India, in the Ministry of Power, is the President 

of the Governing Council. The Chief Executive 

of the Institute is the Director General who is 

also Member Secretary to the Governing Council. 

10.12.1 Objects 

(i) * To serve as a national centre for applied 

research in electrical power engineering. 

* To function as an independent and 

impartial authority for certification and 

testing of electrical equipments 

manufactured in the country for quality 

assurance. 

* Performing tests for product development. 

* To offer consultancy on problems 

referred by utilities and industries. 

* Undertake sponsored research 

programmes on subjects of interest in 

the power systems field. 

(ii) The Institute has several research laboratories 

and testing facilities, and employ over 300 

qualified scientists and engineers besides other 

supporting staff guiding and maintaining various 

operations. The Head Office of the Institute is 

at Bangalore and its other units are located at 

71 

Bhopal, Hyderabad, Nagpur, Ghaziabad, 

Thiruvanathapuram and Raichur. 

10.12.2 Over all Performance and Achievements 

year at a glance including future plans. 

a. The laboratories of the Institute both at 

Bangalore and Bhopal have been 

accredited by the National Board for 

Accredition of Testing and Calibration 

Laboratories (NABL) EN45000 

Standards. This has opened up the global 

markets for the Institute. 

b. The Institute has been awarded a Patent 

for the invention related to “Means for 

field oriented control of synchronous 

motor for variable speed”. 

c. The Institute has been meeting its nonplan 

expenditure through revenue 

generated by testing & consultancy for 

the last 7 years successively. During the’ 

current year (1994-95) the Institute’s 

revenue is expected to cross Rs. 10 

crores. 

d. The Institute has commercialised 

technologies through National Research 

Development Corporation, New Delhi. 

e. The Institute organised a total of 18 

workshops/training programmes during 

the year. They were well attended by 

engineers from Power Utilities, 

Government Bodies and Industry. The 

Institute is likely to organise special 

training programmes for the engineers of 

utilities from Philippines and a special 

workshop on “HVDC Technology for 

Engineers from countries belonging to 

Asia - Pacific region under the aegis of 

D.O.E & A.P.C.T.T. CPRI also proposes 

to organise a workshop for utility 

engineers from SAARC countries. 

f. The Institute organised a tailor made 

3 Day Refresher Course for the senior

engineers of Department of Space. 

Engineers from all the units of Department 

of Space, spread across the country 

attended the course. The course covered 

topics related to testing of high power 

equipment, Power Systems, Air 

Conditioning & Fire Alarm & Detection. 

The Institute plans to organise more such 

programmes in the near future. 

Synthetic Testing Facility for EHV Circuit Beakers at Bangalore 

72 

g. During the current year, the Institute 

implemented a total of 99 Research & 

Development Projects, some of which 

were sponsored by other ministries and 

industries. The technical reports brought 

out after the completion of R&D Projects 

were well publicised among Power 

Utilities and Industries across the country. 

The technologies

emerging as a fall out of the R&D efforts 

are being commercialised through M / s 

N.R.D.C., New Delhi. During the year, 

the following technologies were 

commercialised : 

(i) Electronic Ballast, 

(ii) Harmonic Analyser 

h. Out of the five capital projects being 

implemented by the Institute, the following 

four projects have been completed. R&D 

and commercial testing have also begun. 

The details of projects completed are: 

(i) 2500 MVA Short Circuit Testing 

Station with synthetic Test Facility, 

Bangalore. 

(ii) Ultra High Voltage AC Research 

Laboratory, Hyderabad. 

(iii) Regional Testing Laboratory, 

Muradnagar. 

(iv) Thermal Research Centre, Koradi, 

Nagpur. 

The project pertaining to Second Short 

Circuit Alternator at S.T.D.S., Bhopal is 

progressing. Orders have been placed for 

the procurement of equipment and civil 

works are progressing. 

i. The Institute is augmenting it’s laboratories 

to cater to the growing demands of the 

electrical industry. The augmentation 

proposals pertaining to High Voltage 

Laboratory, Materials Technology and 

Insulation Division Switchgear Testing and 

Development Station, Bhopal and Short 

Circuit Laboratory, Bangalore have been 

cleared. The Laboratories are currently 

being augmented. 

73 

10.12.3 CESI-CPRI R&D Co-operation 

Programme. 

The Institute has completed 6 years of technical 

co-operation with M / s CESI, Italy. phase-II 

of the co-operation programme concluded 

recently. A workshop has been organised on 

the out-come of the cooperation and a 

publication detailing the areas of work carried 

out jointly is being brought out. The Phase-III 

of the R&D programme is proposed to be taken 

up, which will be funded by the Italian grant. 

10.12.4 Technology Development 

The Institute has developed many technologies 

during the current year. Important among them 

are : 

(i) Conducting polymeric Rechargeable 

batteries 

(ii) Methyl Esterification of Rape Seed Oil 

(iii) Electrostatic Voltage Divider 

10.12.5 Co-operation with other countries 

(i) The Institute has plans to organise a Training 

Programme for Utility Engineers of SAARC 

Countries during the year 1995-96. 

(ii) The Institute also undertakes Testing & 

Certification of electrical equipment 

manufactured in the neighbouring countries, 

upon request. The Institute has offered Bhutan, 

the technology pertaining to Reclamation of 

discarded transformer oil. 

(iii) A special training programme for the practising 

engineers of the Philippines Electrical Utilities 

will be organised at Bangalore. The Institute 

will also conduct a workshop on HVDC 

Technology for the engineers from Asia Pacific 

region under the aegis of A.P.C.T.T.

10.13 ENERGY MANAGEMENT CENTRE 

(E.M.C.) 

(i) Energy Management Centre was established 

by the Government of India in April, 1989 to 

act as a focal point for exchange of experience 

among energy institutes within India and as a 

Centre for information, research and training 

activities in the energy field based on 

cooperation between India and the European 

Communities. 

(ii) The institutional structure for determining and 

directing energy policies is a two-tiered one. 

The Energy Conservation Cell in the Ministry 

of Power formulates policy, designs the energy 

management programme and ensures effective 

coordination between interested Ministries and 

other entities. The Energy Management Centre 

has been designed to implement and monitor 

the Energy Conservation Programme. 

10.13.1 Role as Coordinator 

(i) The institutions active in the field of energy 

management today are doing highly competent 

and effective work within the ambit of their 

charter and constraints on their resources. 

However, their efforts are fragmented and lack 

coordination and absence of national 

perspective. 

(ii) This is where the Energy Management Centre 

steps in as a policy group, to guide, promote 

and coordinate, the development of overall 

strategic vision, supported by quantitative 

analysis, and to improve energy efficiency in 

the country. 

10.13.2 Organisation of the Centre 

EMC has been registered as a Society under 

the registration of Societies Act, 1860, for 

functioning as an independent and autonomous 

body. 

74 

10.13.3 Activities of the Centre 

The main activities of EMC could be grouped 

under the following: 

(i) develop a National Energy Database by 

collecting and analyzing data on energy 

supply, demand and information on prices; 

(ii) identify barriers to improving energy 

efficiency and propose appropriate 

incentives and other measures to 

overcome them. These include 

recommendations for assistance with 

capital investment, taxes, duties and other 

financial incentives; 

(iii) review laws and regulations that have an 

impact on energy consumption and 

propose modifications and formulate 

suitable policies and actions; 

(iv) suggest introduction of standards and 

labels and setting of consumption targets; 

(v) provide planning assistance to 

government agencies; 

(vi) organise public information and 

promotional campaigns on an ongoing 

basis; 

(vii) organise sector specific promotional 

campaigns for the main energy consuming 

sectors (industry, transport, agriculture, 

commercial and government buildings) 

and provide technical assistance in the 

field of energy efficiency to these sectors; 

(viii) promote energy audits in enterprises and 

provide recommendation to improve 

energy efficiency and fuel substitution;

(ix) monitor progress made in energy 

conservation and fuel substitution and 

initiate follow-up actions where needed; 

(x) organise training for energy managers and 

equipment operators; 

(xi) implement multilateral and bilateral aided 

energy efficiency projects. 

10.13.4 The Centre has carried out the following 

activities till-date 

- Thirteen one-week Training of Trainers 

Programmes organised and Training 

Modules prepared for creating manpower 

on Rational Use of Energy Techniques. 

- Institutional building and development of 

eleven self- sustaining professional energy 

management advisory service centres 

through training and networking for energy 

efficiency improvement to service small 

& medium scale industries. 

- Development of Energy Usage Data Base 

through energy audits conducted under 

UNDP, EEC & PROBE programmes. 

- In 45 energy audits under UNDP Project, 

potential savings of Rs. 42 crores have 

been identified and annual recurring 

savings of Rs. 12 crores achieved. 

- The extensive multi-media campaign on 

Energy Conservation is gradually bringing 

in attitudinal change in consumers towards 

the need to conserve energy in different 

sectors. 

- Institution of policy and sectoral studies on 

institutional framework, legislative 

procedures for Energy Conservation and 

technical & policy standards, fiscal 

incentives, etc. 

75 

10.13.5 International Cooperation Projects 

(i) EMC has successfully implemented the 

following projects : 

a) India-UNDP Project on Energy Audits in 

Selected Areas 

b) India-EC Energy Bus Project 

c) TCDC Working Group (ESCAP) 

(ii) EMC have worked out the details of the India- 

EC energy co-operation programme for phase- 

II activities to be implemented in the next two 

years. EMC is presently finalizing the details 

of a technical cooperation programme with GTZ 

on energy conservation in the State of 

Karnataka. 

Budget estimates for the year 1994-95 

10.13.6 The budget estimates for the year 1994-95 for 

EMC is Rs. 55.00 lakhs and Agency Projects 

of Rs. 380.85 lakhs.

11. OTHER IMPORTANT ACTIVITIES 

11.1 CONSULTATIVE COMMITTEE OF 

MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT 

During the year 1994-95 (i.e. upto December, 

1994), the Ministry of Power coordinated and 

organised six meetings of the Consultative 

Committee of Members of Parliament attached 

to the Ministry of Power. The agenda items of 

discussion at these meetings were related to, 

“Rural Electrification Corporation”, “Private 

Sector Participation in Power Generation and 

Distribution”, “Review of Power Situation in 

different States”, “Central Power Research 

Institute”, “Review of functioning of Bhakra 

Beas Management Board”, and “Nathpa Jhakri 

Power Corporation”. 

11.2 IMPLEMENTATION OF OFFICIAL 

LANGUAGE POLICY–HINDI 

(i) The Ministry of Power, its Attached and 

Subordinate Offices and the Public Sector 

Undertakings/ Societies/ Autonomous 

Bodies/Boards under its administrative 

control have continued their efforts to 

implement various measures to promote 

and motivate progress and augment the 

progressive use of Hindi in official work. 

(ii) As per constitutional and statutory 

requirements of section 3(3) of the Official 

Language Act, 1963 as amended from time 

to time, all documents required to be issued 

bilingually are being issued bilingually by 

the Ministry as well as its Attached and 

Subordinate Offices. The Sub Committee 

of the Parliament on Official Language 

also visited the Ministry to take stock of 

progress made in implementation of Official 

Language Act. In addition, the Sub 

Committee paid a visit to six offices under 

the control of the Ministry and appreciated 

76 

the efforts being made in the progressive 

use of Official Language. 

(iii) Meetings of Official Language Committee 

of Ministry of Power were regularly 

organised during the year 1994-95. 

Meetings of the Hindi Advisory Committee 

(Hindi Salahkar Samiti) of the Ministry of 

Power were held on 21.7.94 and 16.2.95, 

in which progress made by the Ministry of 

Power as well as other offices under its 

control was discussed. Measures have 

been taken to implement decisions taken 

in the above meetings. 

(iv) Hindi workshops were organised in order 

to encourage and motivate the employees 

and officers to do their official work in Hindi 

and to remove their hesitation for doing 

official work in Hindi. Senior Officers of 

the Ministry also took part in Hindi 

workshops. Hindi week was observed in 

the Ministry of Power from 14.9.94 

to 20.9.94 to step up the use of Hindi in 

Official work. 

(v) The cash award scheme circulated by the 

Department of Official Languages for the 

promotion of the use of Hindi continued to 

be followed in the Ministry, its attached 

offices as well as public sector 

undertakings under the administrative 

control of the Ministry. The results of 

these schemes have been encouraging as 

it has been widely accepted by the officers 

and staff of the Ministry as well as other 

organisations, under the Ministry of Power. 

(vi) To encourage the employees to acquire 

proficiency in Hindi, some of the employees 

who do not have proficiency in Hindi were 

deputed to take part in Probodh, Praveen 

and Pragya classes conducted under the 

Hindi Teaching Scheme. Similarly 13 

Stenographers and 12 LDCs have been 

deputed for learning stenography and 

Hindi typing during the year 1994-95. 

(vii) During the period under review the senior 

officers of the Ministry inspected seven

offices with a view to assessing the status 

regarding the progressive use of Hindi. 

Inspection reports of the above offices were 

prepared and guidelines issued on the basis of 

the inspection reports to these offices. This has 

been helpful in promoting the use of Hindi in 

official work. 

11.3 ASSISTANCE TO THE STATE 

ELECTRICITY BOARDS 

11.3.1 UTTAR PRADESH 

Anpara B Thermal Power Project (2 x 500 

MW) 

(i) Anpara B Thermal Power Project (2x500 

MW) is being set up in Sonebhadra district 

of UP by the UP State Electricity Board 

with Japanese assistance. The first unit 

of 500 MW was synchronised on the 19th 

July, 1993 and taken on commercial load 

in March, 1994. The second unit of 500 

MW was synchronised on 4th July, 1994 

and was taken on commercial load in 

October, 1994. The Government of Japan 

have provided a loan assistance of 119.35 

billion Yen in 5 instalments for the 

implementation of this project. In addition, 

the Exim Bank of Japan have provided a 

suppliers’ credit of 27.39 billion Yen. 

(ii) At the request of the State Government, 

special loan assistance of Rs. 127 crores; 

Rs. 156 crores; and Rs. 4.25 crores was 

provided to the State Government during 

the years 1991-92; 1992-93; and 1993-94 

respectively, for payment of custom duties 

in respect of the equipment and material 

imported by UPSEB from Japan for the 

Anpara ‘B’ Thermal Power Project. 

11.3.2 WEST BENGAL 

Bakreshwar Thermal Power Project 

Bakreshwar Thermal Power Project 

(5x2l0 MW) has been sanctioned by the 

Planning Commission at an estimated cost of 

77 

Rs. 3052.53 crores in July, 1993. Three of its 

generating units, along with transmission system, 

are being implemented with OEFC loan 

assistance. A loan agreement between the 

Government of India and the Government of 

Japan, for providing a loan assistance of 27.069 

billion Yen as first tranche for implementation 

of the first two units, was signed on 24th 

January, 1994. The detailed discussions with 

OECF Appraisal Mission for funding of Unit-3 

of Bakreshwar TPP were held in May, 1994 

and minutes of discussions were signed between 

the Government of India and the Government 

of Japan on 26th May, 1994. The Government 

of Japan have since extended a loan assistance 

of 8659 million Yen for the construction of Unit- 

3 of Bakreshwar TPP (210 MW). The scope 

of work includes construction of power station, 

including the installation of one 210 MW turbine 

generator set together with one boiler of 

matching capacity, associated auxiliaries, civil 

works and consultancy services. The terms and 

conditions of the loan agreement have since 

been finalised and formal Loan Agreement 

between the Govt. of India and the Govt. of 

Japan is expected to be signed shortly. 

11.3.3 ANDHRA PRADESH 

Life Extension of Kothagudam-A Thermal 

Power Station 

The Government of Japan have extended a loan 

assistance of 5092 million Yen for the 

rehabilitation and life extension of Kothagudam 

‘A’ TPS (4x60 MW) of the Andhra Pradesh 

State Electricity Board. The scope of work 

includes procurements of equipments for 

rehabilitation of boiler, turbine and generator, 

erection work for replacing and installation of 

equipments and consultancy services. The 

terms and conditions of the loan agreement have 

since been finalised and formal Loan Agreement 

between the Govt. of India and the Government 

of Japan is expected to be signed shortly.

11.4 WELFARE OF THE MINORITIES 

The Prime Minister’s 15 point programme 

on Welfare of Minorities is being 

implemented in the Ministry of Power. It has 

been ensured that in case of direct 

recruitment to Group ‘C’ and ‘D’ posts, a 

member of a minority community is included in 

the Selection Committee. Quarterly returns in 

respect of scheduled castes and scheduled 

tribes and minorities from Public Sector 

Undertakings are being regularly monitored in 

accordance with the guidelines on the subject. 

GROUP’A’ GROUP’B’ GROUP ‘C’ GROUP’D’ 

Name of Office Total SC ST Total SC ST Total SC ST Total SC ST 

Ministry of Power 33 5 1 96 13 - 110 17 - 69 34 4 

(Proper) 

11.5 GRIEVANCES CELL 

The Grievances Cell working under the Senior 

Analyst dealt with 44 cases relating to various 

grievances which include 14 pending cases of 

the last year i.e. 1993-94. All these relate to 

pension cases of the employees/ex-employees 

of the CEA/ Public Sector Undertakings and 

non payment of interest on Bonds issued by 

REC. Out of these 44 grievances, 20 have been 

finally disposed off. 

11.6 VIGILANCE ACTIVITIES/ 

DISCIPLINARY CASES 

The vigilance activities of this Ministry 

have got a new boost. A one day seminar 

of the Chief Vigilance Officers of 

various public sector undertakings and 

Autonomous Bodies under this Ministry 

was held on the 20th October, 1994 at 

New Delhi, which was addressed by the then 

Minister of State for Power, Shri P.V. 

Rangayya Naidu. The Honourable Minister 

stressed the need for strengthening the 

vigilance activities in the Power sector by 

emphasizing the role of preventive vigilance. 

At the beginning of the year 1994, there 

were fifteen vigilance/disciplinary cases, of 

which three cases have been disposed off 

during the year and one new case has 

been added. 

78 

11.7 AUDIT OBSERVATIONS: 

The Organisation-wise break-up of Audit 

observations and Inspection Report as on 

30.11.94 are as under: 

Audit Objection as on 30.11.1994 

Sl. Organisation Inspection Inspection 

No Report Paras 

1. C.E.A. 21 76 

2. BTPP/BTPS 62 190 

3. C.W.C. 28 129 

4. NPTI (PETS) 8 72 

5. CPRI 2 2 

6. Ministry of Power 6 81 

Pay & Accounts Office/Contoller of Accounts 

7. PAO (CEA) New Delhi 4 14 

8. PAO (BMCC) New Delhi 1 3 

9. PAO (Sectt.) New Delhi 3 14 

10. PAO (CEA) Bangalore 2 2 

Total 137 583 

11.8 CONTROLLER OF ACCOUNTS 

11.8.1 The office of Controller of Accounts has 

four Pay and Accounts Officers working 

under him. They are PAO CEA New Delhi, 

PAO CEA Bangalore, PAO (Sectt.), PAO

(BMCC). These offices submit their monthly 

accounts to Principal Accounts Office, then it 

is further consolidated and submitted to 

Controller General of Accounts. These 

accounts show the clear cut picture of the 

financial transactions of the Ministry of Power 

in a detailed classified form. 

During the year all the PAOs made timely 

payments of DCRG, pension, commuted value 

of pension, GPF final payments to the officials 

of the Ministry/ Central Electricity Authority on 

retirement. The Principal Accounts Office also 

prepares Appropriation Account, Statement of 

Central Transactions (SCT) and Finance 

Account on annual basis for submission to 

Controller General of Accounts (CGA). The 

Pr. Accounts Office timely submitted to CGA 

the above accounts for further consolidation by 

them. 

11.8.2 Computerisation of Accounts 

The office utilises the software packages 

INTEGRATED MODULE FOR 

PROCESSING VOUCHER ENTRIES 

(IMPROVE) and CONTROLLER’s 

ACCOUNTING (CONTACT) provided by 

CGA. The voucher level computerisation has 

been carried out in all the four PAOS. The 

consolidation of monthly account of all the PAOs 

in Department of Power is done by using the 

CONTACT software packages. Reports are 

also generated from the options provided in 

Report Generation menu in CONTACT. The 

accounts consolidated through the CONTACT 

PROGRAMME are then sent by the Controller 

of Accounts to Controller General of Accounts. 

11.9 INTERNAL AUDIT WING 

The Internal Audit wing ensures adoption 

of sound procedure, regularities and 

financial propriety of transactions and 

accounts. This wing advises the DDOs 

and their staff for correct implementation of 

79 

rules and maintenance of proper records. 

Internal Audit Wing also pursues the settlement 

of objections raised by the Statutory Audit. 

Performance of the Internal Audit Wing during 

the year 1993-94 is as under 

Year No of No. of No. of No. of 

units due paras paras paras 

to insp. raised settled outstanding 

up to 1993-94 

1993-94 24/20 330 148 182 

Audit Observations (Statutory Audit) 

Sl. Organisations Inspection Inspection 

No. Reports Paras 

1. PAO (CEA) N. Delhi 4 14 

2. PAO (BMCC) 1 3 

3. PAO (Sectt) 3 14 

Total 8 31 

11.10 SPORTS & CULTURAL ACTIVITIES: 

The Power Sports Control Board (PSCB), 

constituted under the aegis of this Ministry has 

been registered as a Society under the 

appropriate Act of the Government. The PSCB 

is arranging various tournaments all over the 

country with the help of member organisations. 

The Ministry has contributed token amounts to 

the PSCB funds as its annual subscription and 

as Corpus Fund. Besides, the Ministry also 

encourages the participation of its officers and 

staff in several other sports and cultural meets 

organised by the Central Civil Services Cultural 

& Sports Board.

G. ELECTRICITY STATISTICS AT A GLANCE 

ELECTRICITY-INSTALLED CAPACITY, GENERATIONS & CONSUMPTION 

Unit 1990-91 1991-92 1992-93 1993-94* 

1. Installed Capacity 

Utilities+ Non-Utilities MW 74699 78367 82375 86900 

Utilities MW 66086 69065 72330 76750 

Hydro MW 18753 19194 19576 20378 

Nuclear MW 1565 1785 2005 2005 

Thermal (Coal) MW 43004 44792 46597 49147 

Oil & Gas MW 2764 3294 4152 5220 

Non-Utilities MW 8613 9302 10045 10150 

2. Generation 

Utilities + Non-Utilities BU 289.44 315.63 332.71 356.26 

Utilities BU 264.33 287.03 301.36 324.16 

Hydro BU 71.64 72.76 69.87 70.43 

Nuclear BU 6.14 5.53 6.73 5.40 

Thermal (Coal) BU 178.32 197.16 211.12 233.26 

Oil & Gas BU 8.23 11.58 13.64 15.07 

Non-Utilities BU 25.11 28.60 31.35 32.10 

3. Consumption 


Industrial BU 105.35 110.60 116.15 120.91 

Transport BU 4.14 4.54 5.09 5.55 

Agriculture 

Domestic Commercial 

BU 50.32 58.56 63.33 70.63 

and Services ($) BU 50.34 55.82 60.90 66.51 

3. AAuxiliary Consumption 


T&D Losses BU 56.52 61.44 61.56 65.41 

* Provisional 

($) Includes net energy exported to neighbouring countries 

80

annual report 1994-95 ministry of power

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?