Automotive Air Conditioning systems
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A brief description and explanation of the parts and the working of an air conditioner in automobiles such as cars.
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Automotive Air Conditioning systems
- 2. WHY AC SYSTEM? Stopped in traffic on a may afternoon? Sweat drips all over your body? Hands feel like they are about to slip away from the steering wheel due to sweat? Need a luxurious and a comfortable ride? Why don’t you attach an automotive air conditioning system to your ride, which 99% of all new cars produced since 2010 are equipped with?
- 3. HOW DOES IT WORK? Main function- to cool and remove humidity from air inside the car. Parts of a typical car AC system are: (i)Compressor (ii)Condenser (iii)Receiver or Dryer (iv)Expansion valve (v)Evaporator
- 4. COMPRESSOR It is a pump driven by a belt attached to the engine’s crankshaft. Puts the refrigerant gas under pressure and forces it to the condenser. It cant compress liquids, only gases. By increasing the pressure the refrigerant gas leaving the compressor becomes hot. Also called as heart of the air conditioning system. Earlier freons(R-12) were used as refrigerants. Nowadays they are replaced by environment friendly HFC(R-134a).
- 5. CONDENSER Identified as second radiator of the car that shares air flow with main radiator. Has its own cooling fans that become active when AC is on. Takes up the heat from the high pressure refrigerant gas and cools it. Condensing of the refrigerant gas causes it to loose heat and form into a liquid. Heat is expelled into the atmosphere by the air flowing from the cooling fans.
- 6. RECEIVER OR DRYER Small reservoir installed in the line of the condenser. Main function is to remove moisture and other contaminants from the cool refrigerant liquid. Contains small granules called desiccants that attract water. If water is not removed, it can form ice crystals, thereby damaging the whole system.
- 7. EXPANSION VALVE Here the pressure of refrigerant is reduced causing expansion of the liquid, resulting in further cooling. Slowly the liquid reverts back into a gaseous form. Also the valve reduces pressure on the refrigerant so it can easily move into the evaporator. The valve senses pressure and regulates the flow of refrigerant, which allows the system to operate steadily.
- 8. EVAPORATOR Radiator like device buried deep under the dashboard. Refrigerant gas enters the evaporator coils and absorbs the heat inside the car’s cabin and moves out of the coils. A fan blowing over the outside of the evaporator coil blows cool air into the passenger compartment. Thus the evaporator takes humidity out of the air in the car, which helps you feel cool.
- 9. SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM FOR EASY UNDERSTANDING
- 10. CONCLUSION An AC system not only cools the cabin, it removes dust and dirt, leaving only with fresh air. One has to remember to use only environment friendly refrigerants and avoid CFCs as much as possible. The AC system can be recharged by adding fresh refrigerant and removing the remaining one. Care must be taken in the disposal of refrigerants as they may affect the soil, rivers, etc., Its also necessary to check the AC system for leaks as it may lead to the loss of refrigerant as well as environmental hazards.
- 11. Thank you… Anyways, let us minimize the usage of ACs and go green!