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NATAL AND NEONATAL TEETH
Synonyms: Congenital teeth, Prediciduous teeth, dentition praecox, foetal teeth, natal and neonatal teeth.
Etiology
- Superficial position of the tooth germs.
- Infection
- Malnutrition
- Eruption accelerated by febrile incidents or hormonal stimulation.
- Hereditary transmission of a dominant autosomal gene.
- Osteoblastic activities inside the tooth germ area related to bone remodeling phenomena.
- Hypovitaminosis
Associated with some genetic syndromes, such as
- Ellis – Van Creveld Syndrome
- Riga-Fede Disease
- Pachyonychia congenital
- Hallemann – Steriff Syndrome
- Sotos Syndrome
- Cleft palate
Incidence
The incidence of these teeth has been found to vary from as low a rate of 1:6000 to as high as 1:800 births.Nearly 90% of these teeth are normal primary teeth.- In 85% : mandibular primary incisors.
- 5% are maxillary incisors and molars.
- Remaining 10% are supernumerary calcified structures.
Clinical features:
- Morphologically, natal and neonatal teeth may be conical or may be normal in size and shape and opaque yellow – brownish in colour.
- These children show other associated symptoms such as dystrophic finger nails, hyperpigmentation etc.
Radiographs
- A radiograph should be made to determine the amount of Root development and the relationship of prematurely erupted teeth to its adjacent teeth.
- Most prematurely erupted teeth are hyper mobile because of the limited root development.
Histological characteristics
- Hypoplastic enamel with varying degrees of severity.
- Absence of root formation
- Ample vascularised pulp
- Irregular dentin formation
- Lack of cementum formation are characteristic features.
Harmful Effects
- Laceration of the lingual surface of tongue.
- difficulties for a mother who wishes to breast-feed her infant.
If the treatment option is extraction precautions to be taken are
- Avoiding extractions upt 10th day of life, need to wait for the commensal flora of the intestine to be established to produce vitamin K.
- If extractions are planned and the new born is not medicated with vitamin K immediately after birth, vitamin K supplements can be given before extractions to prevent hemorrhagic disease of the new born (hypoprothrombinemia)
MCQs
1.Teeth that erupt within 30 days of birth are called;
A. Natal teethB. Neonatal teeth
C. Primary teeth
D. Prenatal teeth
Answer.B
- Natal teeth : teeth which are present at birth
- Neonatal teeth: teeth which erupt within 30 days of birth
