Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
  • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
  • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
  • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
  • B63B1/12—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
  • B63B1/121—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising two hulls
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
  • B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
  • B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
  • B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
  • B63B29/00—Accommodation for crew or passengers not otherwise provided for
  • B63B29/02—Cabins or other living spaces; Construction or arrangement thereof
  • B63B29/04—Furniture peculiar to vessels
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
  • B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
  • B63H25/06—Steering by rudders
  • B63H25/08—Steering gear
  • B63H25/10—Steering gear with mechanical transmission
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
  • B63B29/00—Accommodation for crew or passengers not otherwise provided for
  • B63B29/02—Cabins or other living spaces; Construction or arrangement thereof
  • B63B29/04—Furniture peculiar to vessels
  • B63B2029/043—Seats; Arrangements thereof on vessels

Definitions

• the invention relates to a small leisure sailboat, preferably a catamaran, preferably removable and easily transportable.
• a pleasure boat comprises a hull, a rig that currently includes a mast, a mainsail and a jib, and a helm station located at the rear of the mast.
• a pleasure catamaran usually comprises two substantially parallel floats that form the hull of the sailboat, a bridge connecting the two floats, which is most often a trampoline consisting of two connecting rails extending transversely between the floats and a net carried by the two ties, a rigging (mast, mainsail and jib).
• HOBBIECAT® which includes two rigid floats with a V-shaped cross section.
• the catamaran marketed under the name MINICAT® by the companies Adventure Adventure and Moravian Export in particular is also known, and which comprises two inflatable floats each equipped with a longitudinal drift, a trampoline consisting of a tubular structure made of light alloy and a fabric made of plastic material, seats that attach themselves by straps on the floats.
• This catamaran has the advantage of being easy and quick to assemble, lightweight and therefore transportable by a single person once mounted.
• the MINICAT® has the additional disadvantage of imposing, for its assembly, the use of an inflation device (preferably a compressor) for inflating its floats.
• No. 6,386,130 discloses a sailboat comprising in particular two floats, a mast, a sail, rudders, and a seat slidably mounted on an arm, which arm is pivotally mounted around the mast. It is envisaged to rotate the seat between two extreme positions: a position in which it is located at the rear of the mast in line with the axis of the boat and a position in which the arm supporting the seat is perpendicular to the seat. axis of the boat.
• ND8104869 also offers a sailboat with a swivel seat around the mast.
• FR-2 480 702 discloses a sailboat comprising two floats and a fixed bridge conventionally located at the rear of the mast.
• Sailboats of US-6,386,130, ND-8,104,869 and FR-2,480,702 have the same disadvantages as the two catamarans described above.
• WO-83/02927 discloses a small sailboat without seat, which is upright like a windsurfing.
• the invention aims to overcome these disadvantages, by proposing a small sailing yacht whose piloting is intuitive, safe, directly accessible, with minimal prior learning, to a child and generally to a neophyte person in sailing.
• Another object of the invention is to provide a sailboat both very stable and able to be launched in shallow waters (from a sandy beach for example).
• the invention aims to provide a sailboat which in addition is removable, lightweight, capable of being housed and transported on a small trailer. It will also be easy to assemble, without tools (the use of a simple key is not excluded).
• the invention also aims to achieve these objectives by proposing a low cost sailboat.
• the invention provides a pleasure boat comprising: a hull; at least one fixed seat intended to receive a helmsman; a mast carrying a sail; at least one saffron and means for controlling the latter.
• the sailboat according to the invention is characterized in that the mast is located at the rear of the fixed seat.
• the mast and the sail do not interfere no visibility at the front of the boat.
• the helmsman of a pleasure boat according to the invention does not have to move; he remains seated on the fixed seat.
• the entire rig being located behind him the helmsman is not likely to be hit for example by the boom of the mainsail during a change of edge.
• the piloting of such a sailboat is extremely simple and intuitive. It requires only minimal prior learning that can be delivered orally (without demonstration) in minutes. It is within the reach of a child, as well as a person with reduced mobility (since the helmsman does not have to move on the boat).
• the fixed seat is substantially centered laterally in the sailboat
• the sailboat according to the invention comprises a single mast and a single sail.
• the invention is not limited to this embodiment.
• a rig comprising two masts or a single mast with two sails may, alternatively, be provided.
• the boat is a catamaran, its hull then comprises two floats.
• a center of the fixed seat and preferably the center of gravity of the sailboat with helmsman, is substantially located on a median axis of the hull, the terms "central axis of the hull” designating a cutting axis the shell in two parts of lengths (dimension in the longitudinal direction) equal.
• the boat is removable.
• it then comprises a bridge in which the fixed seat is formed, and assembly means for assembling the bridge to the two floats, the bridge extending between the two substantially parallel floats.
• the hull (that is to say the two floats in the case of a catamaran) of a sailboat according to the invention has little penetration into the water so as to offer a low resistance to drift, unlike the floats of the famous HOBBIECAT® which have a V-shaped cross-section and unlike the inflatable floats of MINICAT® described in the introduction.
• this hull is preferably devoid of drift, unlike floats MINICAT®.
• the yacht of the invention can dock on a sandy beach without any manipulation is necessary at the level of the hull (removal of a removable drift for example).
• the absence of drift (or more generally the use of a low-penetrating hull) also makes it possible and above all to compensate at least partially for an imbalance due to the position shifted towards the rear of the mast. by limiting the counter-drift surface offered by the hull.
• the floats of a catamaran according to the invention are advantageously floats flat (and devoid of drift), and each float is inclined so that its upper face is oriented towards the other float, that is to say say towards the fixed seat.
• This inclination, as well as the use of flat floats makes it possible to increase the propensity of the floats to drift by decreasing the counter-drift surface that they offer and also to avoid the well-known reversal phenomenon on float catamarans. in V (such as HOBBICAT®).
• the assembly means are adapted so that, when the sailboat is assembled, each float has an individual inclined flotation plane forming, with the sailplane's flotation plane, an angle of between 10 ° and 10 °, preferably order of 4 °.
• the terms “floating plane of an object (float, sailboat or other)” designate the plane separating the immersed part of the object from its emerged part, when said object is placed on calm water.
• the bridge is completely rigid, as opposed to a trampoline.
• the bridge comprises on the one hand a removable tubular structure and on the other hand a rigid shell, fitted on the tubular structure and in which the fixed seat is formed.
• Said shell can be manufactured by thermoforming, for example.
• the sailboat according to the invention comprises preferably two bars each controlling a saffron, arranged on either side of the fixed seat.
• the two bars are independent (so the rudders are also independent), unlike known catamarans.
• the rudders are coupled by a deformable parallelogram actuated by a single bar.
• each saffron has dimensions and a position adapted to compensate for an imbalance due to the position shifted towards the rear of the mast.
• a balanced sailboat at the helm is a sailboat for which the center of buoyancy and the hull center are located in the same transverse plane. If the center of sailing force is too far back from the center of the hull, the boat is ardent: it only begs to luff.
• the following equation must be verified:
• S 2 surface of the projection on a longitudinal vertical plane of the hull.
• d 2 distance (lever arm) between the center of gravity of S 2 and the vertical passing through the CPV center of velocity.
• the rudders are positioned at the end of the sail, which means that their barycentre is located in a transverse plane which passes through a free end of the boom (end opposite the mast) when the boom is in a longitudinal plane.
• each rudder is controlled by a bar and is articulated around a horizontal pivot, so as to be displaced, by axial translation of the corresponding bar, between a raised position in which said rudder is out of the water and a navigation position in which said saffron is immersed.
• the helmsman has only to push the two bars axially forward to raise the rudders.
• Each saffron is of course also articulated around a vertical pivot for steering the sailing ship.
• the sailboat comprises a single fixed seat. Alternatively, it can include two fixed seats, or more.
• the invention also extends to a small pleasure boat characterized in combination by all or some of the features mentioned above and below.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view (from a starboard angle before) of an embodiment of the sailboat according to the invention, observed assembled (this embodiment being removable);
• FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective exploded view (from a starboard bow angle) of the embodiment of FIG. 1, in which the latter is observed disassembled;
• Figure 3 is a schematic perspective view (from a port port angle) of the embodiment illustrated in the preceding figures, in which the seat shell has been removed;
• FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic front view of the embodiment illustrated in the preceding figures.
• FIG. 5 is a schematic side view (starboard) of the same embodiment
• FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of the same embodiment.
• FIG. 7 is a perspective view (from a front port angle) of a rear portion of the embodiment illustrated in the preceding figures, and wherein the fixed seat shell has been removed.
• FIG. 8 is a perspective view (from a starboard angle before) of a central portion of the embodiment illustrated in the preceding figures, and wherein the fixed seat shell has been removed.
• the removable sailing yacht illustrated in the accompanying figures comprises in particular two floats 1 and 2, a bridge 3, and a rig comprising a mast 7 and a sail 8.
• Each float 1, 2, is a flat windsurf board, on the upper surface of which have been formed a longitudinal groove 101 and joining hollow studs 102, 103.
• the bridge 3 comprises on the one hand a tubular structure 5 and on the other hand a rigid shell 6 acting as helmsman , in which is formed a fixed seat 4 for receiving a helmsman.
• the tubular structure 5 comprises a frame consisting of a front transverse tube 51, a rear transverse tube 55, and two lateral longitudinal tubes 52, 53; this frame defines a plane said main plane of the bridge, which is parallel to the waterplane 50 of the sailboat (see Figure 4).
• the tubular structure 5 further comprises a longitudinal central beam 54 which extends under the fixed seat 4, and a transverse central beam 56. These beams 54, 56 define an anchoring point 9 for the mast 7. They are fixed to the frame formed by the tubes 51, 52, 53 and 55 by any appropriate means.
• the tubular structure 5 is visible assembled; it will be easily understood that once dismantled, it occupies a very small footprint.
• the lateral tube 52 fits into the groove 101 of the float 2, while the lateral tube 53 is inserted into the groove 101 of the float 1.
• the front transverse tube 51 comprises two tenons (not visible in the figures) which fit into the hollow studs 102 -formant mortises- floats 1, 2 respectively.
• the rear transverse tube 55 comprises two pins (not visible in the figures) which fit into the hollow studs 103 of the floats.
• the interlocking of the tenons in the mortises is accompanied by a slight elastic deformation of the tenons and / or mortises providing a reversible locking ("clipping") of the assembly.
• the floats 1, 2 are slightly inclined towards the interior of the sailboat (in the example, about 4 ° separate the waterplane 50 from the sailboat of the individual plane 104, 105 of flotation of each float 1, 2); this inclination (which can be seen in Figure 4) allows to reduce the submerged side surface of the floats (especially when the sailboat leans slightly) and thus reduce their counter-drift effect. It can be expected to allow the possibility of adjusting the inclination of the floats using compasses (not shown).
• the shell 6 and the tubular structure 5 are assembled together by interlocking the shell 6 on said structure, the shell having for this purpose lower grooves (not visible in the figures) in which are housed the transverse tube 51 and the tubes longitudinals 52, 53. Again, an interlocking with elastic deformation is preferable to ensure good maintenance of the shell on the tubular structure.
• the longitudinal tubes 52, 53 of the tubular structure 5, the grooves 101, the pads 102, 103 of the floats and the corresponding tenons, are means for assembling the bridge 3 to the floats 1 and 2. These means are described as examples; other means of assembly can be envisaged.
• the rig includes a single mast 7 which carries a single sail 8 (this is a mast and a windsurf sail).
• This mast 7 is fixed on the tubular structure 5 at the anchoring point 9. Once the shell 6, the tubular structure 5 and the mast 7 assembled, the fixed seat 4 is fixed relative to the mast 7, in front of this one.
• the boat is piloted using two bars 12, 13 controlling rudders 10, 1 1 respectively.
• Each bar 12, 13 is provided at its free end with a handle.
• Each saffron 10.1 1 realizes a plan of counter-drift.
• the surface of each rudder is therefore chosen to be relatively large (within the limit of what can be accepted in terms of drag, since the drag increases with the surface of the rudders), and the rudders are retracted towards the rear (within the limit of which can be accepted in terms of minimum turn radius, because the more the rudders are retracted, the smaller the minimum turn radius) so as to compensate for the backward shift of the mast 7 to obtain a balanced sailboat at the bar.
• each saffron 10, 1 1 is arranged in the extension of a float 1, 2.
• each saffron 10, 1 1 is controlled by a bar 12, 13 independently.
• Each bar 12, 13 is constrained in a slide 130, 131 formed in the shell 6 so that the bar can be moved in translation in its axial direction (axial translation).
• each rudder is articulated around two pivots: a pivot vertical 120 to allow steering the boat, and a transverse horizontal pivot 121 to raise the saffron out of the water. Saffron 11 can be observed in the position raised in FIGS. 1 to 7.
• a slight axial translation of one of the bars 12, 13 rearwardly towards the front entails an opening-respectively a closing-of the saffron 10, 11 corresponding.
• the axial translation of each bar is regulated by a strip 132 fixed below the bar and by a ring 133 fixed on the shell (see Figure 8) at the bottom of the slide in which is housed said bar.
• a large axial translation of one of the bars forwards causes the rudder to pivot about the horizontal pivot 121 between its navigation position and its raised position.
• the bar is locked in the position corresponding to the rudder in the raised position, which allows for example to dock easily on a beach.
• the rudder is in a neutral navigation position that is to say aligned with the floats in a longitudinal plane.
• the rudder abuts against or is beyond the front end 136 of the strip (bar in a very remote position), the rudder is in a position (navigation) maximum turn. This position must be maintained by hand; the bar is not blocked by the ring 133 in this position: if the helmsman releases the bar, the pressure exerted by the water on the rudder automatically pushes the bar forward until the rudder is in neutral position and the ring 133 engages in the notch 134.
• a listening 81 (shown in Figure 1) for the control of the mainsail 8 is connected to the boom 80 via pulleys 83. Once the right setting found for the mainsail, listening 81 is locked in position by the helmsman by means of locking pedals 82.
• the sailboat helms as follows: to turn to starboard the helmsman must pull the handle of the bar 13 (bar on the right) towards him, that is to say axially slide said bar 13 to the rear; he does not have to use the bar 12 on his left. Of course, in doing so, the helmsman releases the pedals 82 and manipulates the listening 81 to let the sail take the wind; he again presses the locking pedals 82 when he judges that the sail is in an optimal position. Conversely, to turn to port, the helmsman takes the bar 12 located to port and brings it back to him, thus sliding said bar backwards in its axial direction.
• the decoupled operation of the two rudders makes it possible, during a turn, to limit the braking action of the rudder outside the turn.
• the helmsman can raise the rudder opposite to the carrier wind (eg rudder 10 if the wind comes from starboard) by pushing on the handle of the corresponding bar (bar 12 in the previous example) so as to slide the latter forward until the strip 132 of said bar out of the ring 133.

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Citations (5)

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• 2012
  • 2012-06-21 FR FR1255875A patent/FR2992285B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2013
  • 2013-06-20 EP EP13737343.7A patent/EP2864189A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2013-06-20 WO PCT/FR2013/051444 patent/WO2013190245A1/fr active Application Filing

Patent Citations (5)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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