WO1983002830A1 - Continuous wave radar apparatus with intermediate frequency formation - Google Patents
Continuous wave radar apparatus with intermediate frequency formation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1983002830A1 WO1983002830A1 PCT/EP1983/000028 EP8300028W WO8302830A1 WO 1983002830 A1 WO1983002830 A1 WO 1983002830A1 EP 8300028 W EP8300028 W EP 8300028W WO 8302830 A1 WO8302830 A1 WO 8302830A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- frequency
- intermediate frequency
- continuous wave
- eadar
- transmission
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/03—Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S13/08—Systems for measuring distance only
- G01S13/32—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
Definitions
- the invention relates to a continuous wave Eadar device according to the preamble of claim 1.
- an intermediate frequency can be formed in the receiving section. This so-called frequency difference can be achieved by means of PLL circuits or sideband synchronization.
- the superimposition signal can also be processed by separate mixing (Skolnik, Introduction to Eadar Systems, pages 92, 93). To do this, however, the necessary coherence between the oscillators of the transmitting and receiving parts must be observed.
- a transmission oscillator 1 generates a transmission oscillation with the frequency f 1 generated and passed via a circulator 5 to an antenna 8 and radiated there.
- a received echo signal with the echo frequency f 3 passes from the antenna 8 via the circulator 5 to a receiving part with a receiving mixer 4, a high-pass filter 7, an intermediate frequency amplifier 6 and a demodulator 3, which delivers signals in the video tape at its output.
- transmission vibration components are decoupled.
- a common mixing mix oscillation is generated, which is fed to the demodulator 3, to which coherent vibrations are available and which emits a video signal at its output.
- Coherent vibrations are available to the demodulator because a portion of the vibrations of the local oscillator 2 is also decoupled by a further calibration coupler 11 and fed to the receiving mixer 4 to form the intermediate frequency, which reaches the demodulator 3 via the high-pass filter 7 and the intermediate frequency amplifier 6.
- the available high-frequency power of the mm-wave oscillators can also be a limiting factor, which must accordingly be used as well as possible.
- FIG. 2 accordingly shows a block diagram of an FM-CW Eadar device
- FIG. 3 shows an intermediate frequency spectrum limited to a specific frequency range at the output of a receiving mixer.
- the Eadar device shown in FIG. 2 utilizes the reception mixer 4 to the extent that not only two but three frequencies are offered for mixing. Since the circulator 5 ? which separates the receiving mixer 4 from the transmitting oscillator 1, usually has only a finite isolation of 20 dB, also gets a portion of the transmitting vibrations with the transmitting frequency f 1 into the receiving part from the circulator 5.
- the local oscillator 2 oscillates with a local frequency f 2 , which is offset by the amount of the intermediate frequency above or below the operating frequency (average transmission frequency). In total, three vibrations with three frequencies are present at the receiving mixer 4: transmission frequency f 1 , beat frequency f 2 and echo frequency f 3 .
- the transmission frequency and reception frequency echo frequency
- the transmission frequency and reception frequency are different and give a measure of the target distance.
- the echo signal converted by the superimposition frequency f 2 called the target signal with the frequency f 3 -f 2 , and the oscillation corresponding to the intermediate frequency f 1 -f 2 (with the aid of the transmission and superimposition frequency) are after linear amplification in the intermediate frequency amplifier 6 given on the demodulator 3. Due to the high level difference (50-80 dB) of the two signals in the demodulator 3 (mixer), a mixing process takes place.
- the vibration of the tired intermediate frequency f 1 -f 2 serves, after suitably chosen intermediate frequency amplification, as a superimposition variable for the transposed echo signal (target signal) with the target frequency f 3 -f 2 and mixes it downwards into the video tape.
- a microwave mixer (receiving mixer 4) is used by moving the mixture of the transmission frequency f 1 with the superimposition frequency f 2 , for which a separate auxiliary mixer 9 was required in FIG. 2, into the intermediate frequency range.
- two calibration couplers and a mixer (auxiliary mixer 9) are saved.
- the transmitting oscillator 1 is not burdened by energy withdrawals for an auxiliary mixer. Despite the simplification of the overall arrangement, all vibrations are coherently linked.
Abstract
In a continuous wave radar apparatus with intermediate frequency formation, a portion of the transmission waves which are emitted by the transmission oscillator (1) to reach the reception mixer (4) while passing through the circulator (5) is mixed to the mixing effected in the reception mixer (4), which mixing is comprised of the echo signals and the heterodyne waves (coming from the local oscillator (2)), thereby allowing to reduce the manufacturing cost and improve the utilisation of the transmission energy.
Description
Dauerεtrich-Eadargerät mit Zwischenf requenzbildung Permanent screed Eadar device with intermediate frequency formation
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Dauerstrich-Eadargerät nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 .The invention relates to a continuous wave Eadar device according to the preamble of claim 1.
Sie ist anwendbar sowohl für Doppier- als auch für FM-CW- Eaaarsysteme , insbesondere für ELI einradarge rate , beispielsweise für Eaketen- oder Hunitions suchköpfe .It can be used both for double and for FM-CW Eaaarsysteme, in particular for ELI one-rate rate, for example for Eaketen- or Hunitions search heads.
Zur Steigerung der Empfindlichkeit von FM-CW-Eadarsystemen kann im Empf angsteil eine Zwischenfrequenz gebildet werden. Diese sogenannte Fre quenz abl äge kann erreicht werden durch PLL-Schaltungen oder Seitenb andsynchrόnisation. Die Aufbereitung des Überl agerungs signals kann aber auch durch separate Mischung erfolgen ( Skolnik, Introduction to Eadar Systems , Seiten 92 , 93) . Dazu mß j edoch die notwendige Kohärenz zw isehen den Oszillatoren des Sende- und des Empfängst eils beachtet werden.To increase the sensitivity of FM-CW-Eadar systems, an intermediate frequency can be formed in the receiving section. This so-called frequency difference can be achieved by means of PLL circuits or sideband synchronization. The superimposition signal can also be processed by separate mixing (Skolnik, Introduction to Eadar Systems, pages 92, 93). To do this, however, the necessary coherence between the oscillators of the transmitting and receiving parts must be observed.
In einem bekannten System nach Figur 1 wird von einem Sendeoszillator 1 eine Sende Schwingung mit der Frequenz f1
erzeugt und über einen Zirkulator 5 zu einer Antenne 8 geleitet und dort abgestrahlt. Ein empfangenes Echosignal mit der Echofrequenz f 3 gelangt von der Antenne 8 über den Zirkulator 5 zu einem Empfangsteil mit einem Empfangs mischer 4, einem HochpaBfilter 7, einem Zwischenfrequenz verstärker 6 und einem Demodulator 3, der an seinem Ausgang Signale im Videoband liefert.In a known system according to FIG. 1, a transmission oscillator 1 generates a transmission oscillation with the frequency f 1 generated and passed via a circulator 5 to an antenna 8 and radiated there. A received echo signal with the echo frequency f 3 passes from the antenna 8 via the circulator 5 to a receiving part with a receiving mixer 4, a high-pass filter 7, an intermediate frequency amplifier 6 and a demodulator 3, which delivers signals in the video tape at its output.
Hit einem Eichtkoppler 10 werden Sendeschwingungsanteile ausgekoppelt. Durch Mischung dieser Schwingungen und der Schwingungen eines Überlagerungsoszillators 2 in einem Hilfsmischer 9 wird eine gemeinsame Eückmischschwingung erzeugt, welche dem Demodulator 3 zugeführt wird, dem kohärente Schwingungen zur Verfügung stehen und der an seinem Ausgang ein Videosignal abgibt. Kohärente Schwingungen stehen dem Demodulator deshalb zur Verfügung, weil durch einen weiteren Eichtkoppler 11 auch von den Schwingungen des Überlagerungsoszillators 2 Anteile ausgekoppelt und dem Empfangsmischer 4 zugeführt werden zur Bildung der Zwischenfrequenz, die über das Hochpaßfilter 7 und den Zwischenfrequenzverstärker 6 zum Demodulacor 3 gelangt.With a calibration coupler 10, transmission vibration components are decoupled. By mixing these vibrations and the vibrations of a local oscillator 2 in an auxiliary mixer 9, a common mixing mix oscillation is generated, which is fed to the demodulator 3, to which coherent vibrations are available and which emits a video signal at its output. Coherent vibrations are available to the demodulator because a portion of the vibrations of the local oscillator 2 is also decoupled by a further calibration coupler 11 and fed to the receiving mixer 4 to form the intermediate frequency, which reaches the demodulator 3 via the high-pass filter 7 and the intermediate frequency amplifier 6.
Für Kleinradargeräte, besonders im mm-Vellenbereich, ist es vorteilhaft, den Aufwand im Hochfrequenzteil so gering wie möglich zu machen, um Volumen, Gewicht und Kosten einzusparen. Bei mehrkanaligen Anordnungen kann auch die zur Verfügung stehende Hochfrequenzleistung der mm-Vellen-Oszillatcren ein begrenzender Faktor sein, die dementsprechend möglichst gut ausgenutzt werden muß.For small radar devices, especially in the mm-wave range, it is advantageous to make the effort in the high-frequency part as low as possible in order to save volume, weight and costs. In the case of multi-channel arrangements, the available high-frequency power of the mm-wave oscillators can also be a limiting factor, which must accordingly be used as well as possible.
Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, bei einem Eadargerät, dessen Empfindlichkeit durch eine Zwischenfrequenzabläge gesteigert ist, den dazu notwendigen schaltungstechnischen Aufwand so gering wie möglich zu machen. Ausserden sollen die ohnehin geringen Sendeoszillatorleistungen im mn-Wellengebiet optimal genutzt werden.
Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst, durch das Dauerstrich- Eadargerät mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.It is therefore an object of the invention to make the circuitry outlay necessary for this in an Eadar device, the sensitivity of which is increased by an intermediate frequency offset, as low as possible. In addition, the already low transmission oscillator powers in the mn wave region are to be used optimally. This object is achieved by the continuous wave Eadar device with the features of claim 1. Advantageous further developments are specified in the subclaims.
Anhand der Zeichnungen wird ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel näher beschrieben.A preferred exemplary embodiment is described in more detail with reference to the drawings.
Figur 2 zeigt dementsprechend ein Blockschaltbild eines FM-CW-Eadargerätes undFIG. 2 accordingly shows a block diagram of an FM-CW Eadar device and
Figur 3 ein auf einen bestimmten Frequenzbereich beschränktes Zwischenfrequenzεpektrum am Ausgang eines Empfangsmischers.3 shows an intermediate frequency spectrum limited to a specific frequency range at the output of a receiving mixer.
Soweit Gleichheit besteht, sind in den Figuren 1 und 2 untereinander gleiche Bezugszeichen verwendet worden.As far as there is equality, the same reference numerals have been used in Figures 1 and 2.
Das in Figur 2 dargestellte Eadargerät nutzt den Eπrpfangs mischer 4 insofern zweifach aus, als diesem nicht nur zwei, sondern drei Frequenzen zur Mischung angeboten werden. Da der Zirkulator 5? welcher den Empfangsmischer 4 von dem Sendeoszillator 1 trennt, üblicherweise nur eine endliche Isolation von 20 dB hat, gelangt vom Zirkulator 5 auch ein Anteil der SendeSchwingungen mit der Sendefrequenz f1 in den Empfangsteil. Der Überlagerungsoszillator 2 schwingt mit einer Überlagerungsfrequenz f2, die um den Betrag der Zwischenfrequenz versetzt oberhalb oder unterhalb der Betriebsfrequenz (mittlere Sendefrequenz) liegt. Insgesamt stehen am Empfangsmischer 4 drei Schwingungen mit drei Frequenzen an: Sendefrequenz f1, Überlagerungsfrequenz f2 und Echofrequenz f3. Beim FM-CV-Eadar sind (wegen der Laufzeit vom Eadargerät zum Ziel und zurück und der zwischenzeitlichen Frequenzänderung der SendeSchwingungen) Sendefrquenz und Empfangsfrequenz (Echofrequenz) verschieden und geben ein Maß für die Zielentfernung.The Eadar device shown in FIG. 2 utilizes the reception mixer 4 to the extent that not only two but three frequencies are offered for mixing. Since the circulator 5 ? which separates the receiving mixer 4 from the transmitting oscillator 1, usually has only a finite isolation of 20 dB, also gets a portion of the transmitting vibrations with the transmitting frequency f 1 into the receiving part from the circulator 5. The local oscillator 2 oscillates with a local frequency f 2 , which is offset by the amount of the intermediate frequency above or below the operating frequency (average transmission frequency). In total, three vibrations with three frequencies are present at the receiving mixer 4: transmission frequency f 1 , beat frequency f 2 and echo frequency f 3 . With the FM-CV-Eadar (due to the transit time from the Eadar device to the destination and back and the intermittent frequency change of the transmission vibrations), the transmission frequency and reception frequency (echo frequency) are different and give a measure of the target distance.
Am Ausgang des Empfangsmischers 4 sind deshalb alle möglichen Kombinationen von dessen drei Eingangsfrquenzen meßbar. Im Zwischenfrquenzverstärker 6 werden nur die Mischprodukte aus f1 und f2 sowie aus f2 und f3 verstärkt, das aus f1
und f 3 wird durch das Hochpaßfilter 7 unterdrückt (Figur 3); ebenso entfallen durch das Frequenzverhalten des Zwischen frequenzverstärkers 6 alle Mischprodukte, die im Mikrowellenbereich oberhalb der ITutzempfangsfrquenzen, also oberhalb der nutzbaren Echofraquanzan liegen.All possible combinations of its three input frequencies can therefore be measured at the output of the reception mixer 4. In the intermediate frequency amplifier 6, only the mixed products from f 1 and f 2 and from f 2 and f 3 are amplified, that from f 1 and f 3 is suppressed by the high-pass filter 7 (Figure 3); Likewise, the frequency response of the intermediate frequency amplifier 6 eliminates all mixed products which are in the microwave range above the IT usable reception frequencies, that is to say above the usable echo frequency.
Das um die Überlagerungsfrequenz f2 konvertierte Echosignal, genannt Zielsignal mit der Frequenz f3-f2, sowie die Schwingung entsprechend der (mit Hilfe der aus Sende- und Überla gerungsfrequenz gebildeten) Zwischenfrequenz f1-f2 werden nach linearer Verstärkung im Zwischenfrequenzverstärker 6 auf den Demodulator 3 gegeben. Hier findet durch den hohen Pegelunterschied (50-80 dB) der beiden Signale im Demodulator 3 (Mischer) ein Mischprozeß statt. Die Schwingung müder Zwischenfrequenz f1-f2 dient nach geeignet gewählter Zwischenfrequenzverstärkung als Überlagerungsgröße für das transponierte Echosignal (Zielsignal) mit der Zielfrequenz f3-f2 und mischt es abwärts ins Videoband.The echo signal converted by the superimposition frequency f 2 , called the target signal with the frequency f 3 -f 2 , and the oscillation corresponding to the intermediate frequency f 1 -f 2 (with the aid of the transmission and superimposition frequency) are after linear amplification in the intermediate frequency amplifier 6 given on the demodulator 3. Due to the high level difference (50-80 dB) of the two signals in the demodulator 3 (mixer), a mixing process takes place. The vibration of the tired intermediate frequency f 1 -f 2 serves, after suitably chosen intermediate frequency amplification, as a superimposition variable for the transposed echo signal (target signal) with the target frequency f 3 -f 2 and mixes it downwards into the video tape.
Zur Bildung der Zwischenfrequenzablage wird also nur ein Mikrowellenmischer (Empfangsmischer 4) verwendet, indem die Mischung der Sendefrequenz f1 mit der überlagerungsfrequenz f2, für welche in Figur 2 noch ein gesonderter Hilfsmischer 9 erforderlich war, in den Zwischenfrequenzeereich verlegt wird. Auf diese Weise werden zwei Eichtkoppler und ein Mischer (Hilfsmischer 9) eingespart. Außerdem wird der SendeOszillator 1 nicht durch Energieentnähme für einen Hilfsmischer belastet. Trotz der Vereinfachung der Gesamtanordnung sind alle Schwingungen kohärent miteinander verknüpft.
To form the intermediate frequency storage, only a microwave mixer (receiving mixer 4) is used by moving the mixture of the transmission frequency f 1 with the superimposition frequency f 2 , for which a separate auxiliary mixer 9 was required in FIG. 2, into the intermediate frequency range. In this way, two calibration couplers and a mixer (auxiliary mixer 9) are saved. In addition, the transmitting oscillator 1 is not burdened by energy withdrawals for an auxiliary mixer. Despite the simplification of the overall arrangement, all vibrations are coherently linked.
Claims
1. Dauerstrich-Eadargerät mit Sendeoszillator (1), Zirkulator (5), Überlagerungsoszillator (2), Empfangsmischer (4) zur Zwischenfrequenzbildüng im Empfangsteil und Hochfrequenzfilter (7) mit nachgeschaltetem Demodulator (3) zur Umsetzung in den Videobereich, gekennzeichnet durch folgende Merkmale:1. Continuous wave Eadar device with transmitting oscillator (1), circulator (5), local oscillator (2), receiving mixer (4) for intermediate frequency formation in the receiving section and high-frequency filter (7) with a downstream demodulator (3) for implementation in the video area, characterized by the following features :
- der Zirkulator (5) ist geeignet, Sendeenergie auch zum Empfangsmischer (4) zu führen,- The circulator (5) is suitable to also transmit energy to the receiving mixer (4),
- das Hochpaßfilter (7) ist geeignet, die Differenz frequenz (f1-f2) zwischen der Echofreςuenz (f3) und der Sendefrequenz (f1) weitgehend zu unterdrücken, der Empfangsteil ist geeignet, Summenfrequenzen oberhalb der Nutzempfangsfrequenzen weitgehend zu unterdrücken, - es ist eine Abwärtsmischung des Zielεignales (f3-f2), das heißt des mit der Überlagerungsfrequenz (f2) transponierten Echosignals (f3), mit Hilfe der aus Sende- und Überlagerungsfrequenz gebildeten Zwischenfrequenz (f1-f2) in das Videoband vorgesehen. - The high-pass filter (7) is suitable for largely suppressing the difference frequency (f 1 -f 2 ) between the echo frequency (f 3 ) and the transmission frequency (f 1 ), the receiving section is suitable for largely suppressing sum frequencies above the useful reception frequencies, - it is a downmix of the Zielεignales (f 3 -f 2), that is, the (f 2) with the beat frequency transposed echo signal (f 3), (f 1 -f 2) by means of the intermediate frequency formed of transmission and the beat frequency in the video tape provided.
2. Dauerstrich-Eadargerät nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zwischenfrequenz (f1-f2) unterhalb die Frequenz des Zielsignals (f3-f2) gelegτ ist.2. continuous wave Eadar device according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate frequency (f 1 -f 2 ) is below the frequency of the target signal (f 3 -f 2 ).
3. Dauerstrich-Eadargerät nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für die Abwärtsmischung der Demodulator (3) vorgesehen ist.3. Continuous wave Eadar device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the demodulator (3) is provided for the downward mixing.
4. Dauerstrich-Eadargerät nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Zielsignal (f3-f2) und die ZwischenfrequenzSchwingung (f1-f2) einen hohen Pegelunterschied aufweisen. 4. Continuous wave Eadar device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the target signal (f 3 -f 2 ) and the intermediate frequency oscillation (f 1 -f 2 ) have a high level difference.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP3203677.9820204 | 1982-02-04 | ||
| DE19823203677 DE3203677A1 (en) | 1982-02-04 | 1982-02-04 | CONTINUOUS RADAR DEVICE WITH INTERMEDIATE FREQUENCY FORMATION |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1983002830A1 true WO1983002830A1 (en) | 1983-08-18 |
Family
ID=6154713
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP1983/000028 WO1983002830A1 (en) | 1982-02-04 | 1983-02-03 | Continuous wave radar apparatus with intermediate frequency formation |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0100336A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3203677A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1983002830A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3933437A1 (en) * | 1989-10-06 | 1991-04-18 | Diehl Gmbh & Co | Radar installation range and orientation determination - uses processors to determine range and orientation in conjunction with data reduction equipment to simplify final processing |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0535196B1 (en) * | 1991-04-18 | 1996-10-02 | Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. | Process and arrangement for retroreflective measurement of distance |
| CN110058219B (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2021-11-09 | 上海微波技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第五十研究所） | MIMO harmonic radar |
| CN113534124B (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2021-12-28 | 湖南纳雷科技有限公司 | Radar intermediate frequency signal adaptive control system and method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2491542A (en) * | 1943-09-07 | 1949-12-20 | Sperry Corp | Object detector and velocity indicator |
| US3024459A (en) * | 1955-09-17 | 1962-03-06 | Marconi Co Canada | Control of microphonic effects in continuous wave radar systems |
| US3034049A (en) * | 1955-03-16 | 1962-05-08 | Sperry Rand Corp | Muzzle velocity chronograph |
-
1982
- 1982-02-04 DE DE19823203677 patent/DE3203677A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1983
- 1983-02-03 WO PCT/EP1983/000028 patent/WO1983002830A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1983-02-03 EP EP19830900558 patent/EP0100336A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2491542A (en) * | 1943-09-07 | 1949-12-20 | Sperry Corp | Object detector and velocity indicator |
| US3034049A (en) * | 1955-03-16 | 1962-05-08 | Sperry Rand Corp | Muzzle velocity chronograph |
| US3024459A (en) * | 1955-09-17 | 1962-03-06 | Marconi Co Canada | Control of microphonic effects in continuous wave radar systems |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| M.I.SKOLNIK: 'Introduction to Radar Systems';1962, McGraw-Hill (New YORK, US), see pages 75-78 and 92,93 of the Document cited in the description) * |
| Technische Mitteilungen AEG-Telefunken, Vol.67, No.2, February 1977, Berlin (DE) H. MEINEL:'Entfernungsmessung mit Frequenzmodulierten Millimeterwellen-Dauerstrick-Radargeraten', pages 111 and 112, see the whole document * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3933437A1 (en) * | 1989-10-06 | 1991-04-18 | Diehl Gmbh & Co | Radar installation range and orientation determination - uses processors to determine range and orientation in conjunction with data reduction equipment to simplify final processing |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3203677A1 (en) | 1983-08-11 |
| EP0100336A1 (en) | 1984-02-15 |
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