US2636120A - Combined voltage divider and crystal cartridge assembly for highfrequency electricaldevices - Google Patents

Description

Apnl 21, 1953 J. R. BIRD ETAL 2,636,120

COMBINED VOLTAGE DIVIDER AND CRYSTAL CARTRIDGE ASSEMBLY FOR HIGH-FREQUENCY ELECTRICAL DEVICES Filed June 16, 1949 2 SHEETS--SHEET 1 704 zz Q I 5 L0../ //4 INVENTORS James B. Bird,

Henry J'. Calder-head F1 7 E. Joseph A. BiZsZri BY g a 5,? ATTORNEYS April 21, 1953 J. R. BIRD ET AL 2,636,120

COMBINED VOLTAGE DIvIDER AND CRYSTAL CARTRIDGE ASSEMBLY FOR'HIGH-FREQUENCY ELECTRICAL DEVICES Filed June 16, 1949 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 INVENTQRS James R Bird Henry J- L'alderhead Joseph A. Bilslri BY f M ATTORNEYS Patented Apr. 21, 1953 COMBINED VOLTAGE DIVIDER AND CRYS- TAL CARTRIDGE ASSEMBLY FOR HIGH- FREQUENCY ELECTRICAL DEVICES James B. Bird, Chagrin Falls, and Henry J. Calderhead and Joseph A. Bilski, Cleveland, Ohio, assignors to Bird Electronic Corporation, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application June 16, 1949, Serial No. 99,474

37 Claims. 1 This invention relates to electrical measuring devices for use in high frequency electrical apparatus. Power absorbing devices for high frequency coaxial lines have previously been proposed. Such devices may employ a cylindrical inner resistive element in combination with a tapered or horn shaped outer conductor, as shown in copending application for patent Serial No. 692,116 filed August 21, 1946, Patent No. 2,552,707 issued May 15, 1951. Coaxial resistive units of this type have been immersed in a liquid dielectric-coolant as shown in copending application Serial No. 777,516 filed October 2, 1947, Patent No. 2,556,642 issued June 12, 1951, obtaining advantages such as increased power absorbing capacity. The use of high frequency coaxial line power absorbing devices in electrical measuring instruments is disclosed in copending application for United States patent Serial No. 72,782 filed January 26, 1949. The principles involved in the construction and operation of such instruments form the subject matter of copending application Serial No. 116,318 filed September 17, 194:9, entitled Method of and Apparatus for Measuring High Frequency Energy. The present invention is concerned with voltage dividers or crystal cartridge units employed in instruments of the character referred to and with the connection of such units to galvanometers and similar devices for indicating voltage and power measurements.

Improvement of the physical structure and arrangement of parts in high frequency electrical voltage and electrical power measuring instruments is a principal objective of the present invention. It is sought to provide a combined probe, crystal holder and voltage divider assembly for use in an electrical measuring instrument operative over a Wide frequency range.

The invention contemplates. the combination of :a coaxial line such as a terminating unit of the constant or uniform characteristic. impedance type and an electrical current measuring instrument such as a galvanometer with an improved unit type capacitance voltage divider assembly. The galvanometer is energized by sample current through the voltage divider, the current being suitably rectified and maintained substantially at peak potential by establishment of a proper galvancmeter circuit time constant obtained through resistance in such circuit as explained in the applications referred to.

Another object of the invention is to provide a capacitance voltage, divider or current sampler for high frequency use, in which the, components are groupe in a compact a sembly for attach-- 2 ment as a unit to a high frequency device. More particularly, it is sought to provide such an as sembly in which a number of the components are arranged, preferably as a tree structure, within a chambered metal body which shields, supports, and protects the components.

Another object is to provide, for use in combination with a capacitance voltage divider, an improved semi-conductor or crystal rectifier unit. A refinement of this aspect of the invention is the provision of a current sampler in which an improved crystal rectifier unit is assembled with a supporting casing or housing for facile removal so that the crystal can be readily changed or replaced as desired.

A further object is to provide a current sampler for use in electrical measuring instruments of the character referred to which includes improved means for effecting electrical connection between certain components of the sampler and an indicating instrument. More particularly, this aspect of the invention is concerned with the provision of a shielded conductor for connecting the crystal cartridge and voltage divider unit to the galvanometer.

Other objects and advantages pertaining, to certain features of construction and combinations and arrangements of parts obtaining simplicity and economy are set forth in the following detailed description. This description is made in connection with the accompanying drawings forming a part of the specification. Like parts throughout the several views are indicated by the same letters and numerals of reference.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional detail showing the voltage divider or current pick-up assembly mounted on the transition or connector section of a coaxial line terminating unit, certain parts being omitted for clarity and to avoid confusion;

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic representation of a suitable electrical measuring device or wattmeter incorporating the crystal and probe assembly or cartridge of the present invention and showing the electrical connections between the components;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional detail with parts removed, taken substantially along the line indicated at 3-3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary detail in section, showing the resistor and the button capacitor; and

Fig. 5 is an enlarged elevational detail partly diagrammatic, partly in section and with parts broken away and removed, showing the mounted voltage divider probe assembly or cartridge connected to the current measuring device or galvanometer.

The present invention is chiefly concerned with the construction and arrangement of a voltage divider assembly having a probe and a crystal cartridge unit all mounted on the tapered transition section of a coaxial line terminating unit designated at B. The complete instrument combination is more fully disclosed in the last mentioned copending applications. Other combinations and uses of the present voltage divider unit are, of course, contemplated. Power measurement is obtained and visually or otherwise indicated by means of a direct current or voltage measuring instrument such a a conventional galvanometer G, preferably of the dArsonval type, connected to the voltage divider or current sampling device D as will later appear.

The coaxial line unit B, constructed generally in accordance with the theoretical considerations and principles heretofore set forth in the copending applications referred to, includes an outer tapered conductor or horn (not shown) attached at its large diameter end to a tapered or frustoconical connector I. This connector is disposed as a continuation of the horn conductor with the large diameter end of the connector secured to the large diameter end of the horn conductor. In making connections between permanently joined metal parts of the apparatus, soldering, brazin or welding is employed, using conventional techniques.

At its small diameter end the connector I is formed with a tubular cylindrical portion I which receives a turned tubular fitting 16 of brass or similar metal. To this fitting is secured an externally threaded sleeve which holds, as by a Dress fit, an insulating and sealing plug I8 of suitable shape retaining, relatively stiff dielectric material. A metal sleeve, a fragment of which is shown at H, has a collar 19 welded or brazed on one end, the collar having a circular rabbet which receives a pilot flange on the fitting Hi to hold the parts in correct axial alignment. Screws as (Fig. l) extend through the collar l9 and are threaded into the fitting I6. The joint is made fluid-tight as by a resilient O ring 2| that is compressed between the end of the sleeve i! and a flanged retainer ring 22 seated against a circular shoulder in the fitting [6. The circular flange on the retainer 22 engage one end of the dielectric plug E8 to locate the latter and to resist axial movement of the plug into the interior of the connector I.

Extending longitudinally through the outer conductor of the line is an inner conductor assembly. This assembly includes a ceramic or other dielectric core or tube (not shown) externally coated with a conductive film of carbon or carbonaceous material. One end of the coated ceramic tube is turned or ground to provide a reduced diameter portion telescopically received within a hollow or tubular cylindrical portion on the large diameter end of a tapered metal connector 21. The tapered connector 27 extends axially through the tapered outer connector I and is formed or fitted at its small diameter end with a cylindrical rod 28 that is embraced and supported by the dielectric plug H8. The end of the rod 28 is split axially and bored out or otherwise formed for connection to the center conductor of a conventional coaxial electrical line. Threads on the tubular sleeve I'l receive the internally threaded collar of the coaxial line .0 t t the outer conductor of such line makes electrical contact with the sleeve. Thus power to be absorbed or measured by the present device can be fed into the coaxial line unit B through a conventional coaxial cable attached to the tubular sleeve I! and the rod 28.

Measurment of the voltage across the entering end of the coaxial line device give a value which varies with the power being absorbed. A power measuring instrument or wattmeter is thus obtained which functions in accordance with the formula:

in which W represent the power in watts, E represents the applied potential in volts and R represents the resistance in ohms.

The value of R, represented by the character-- istic impedance of the coaxial line unit B, is substantially constant for all frequencies over the designed range. Hence, the power equation reduces to the following:

in which K represents a constant over the usual operating frequencies. The measured electrical. potential or voltage is then converted as by suitable scale indicia into power or watts which are thus read directly.

Difficulty has been encountered in obtaining accurate readings of voltages prevailing across coaxial lines and devices of the type herein described. It has been particularly difficult to obtain accurate readings of applied voltages when the device is utilized at different frequencies. Such sampling of high frequency potentials across or at the entering ends of coaxial line devices has been obtained by the use of capacitance voltage dividers. The present current or voltage sampler D incorporates a number of improvements in such devices and operates eifectively over a wide frequency band. It embodies a compact capacitance voltage divider and a current rectifying crystal that provide direct current to the galvanometer circuit proportional to the potential or voltage of the high frequency current flowing into the coaxial line terminating device B. A chambered or hollow body it, formed of brass or similar conductive metal, is contoured on one side to conform to the outer surface of the connector l and is attached to the connector as by soldering or brazing. The body is formed with a central chamber 1! which communicates with the annular space between the center connector 27 and the tubular connector 1 through a lateral opening in the body and an aligned opening 12 formed in the connector.

Supported within the body 10 is a tree structure comprising a conductive metal stem 73 having a number of angularly disposed radial branches. The stem and branches are insulated from the body 10 and the stem is centered or axially disposed in the chamber 1! which chamber may be formed as by drilling to provide the different diameters desired. One end of the stem 13 is adjustable in length and comprises metal probe 14 which projects into and through the opening 72 into the space between the inner and outer components of the coaxial line. This probe and the inner or center conductor of the coaxial line B com-prise an adjustable capacitor or condenser C-l. The cylindrical probe is circular in section and has a threaded end 75 screwed into internal threads formed in an axial bore within the stem 13. The threaded end of the probe is axially slotted as indicated at it and spread slightly prior to assembly and the counterbored end of the stem 13 is slotted at IE3 in the provision on the stem of a radially expansible end portion embracing the probe so that the threaded parts are frictionally restrained against relative turning and the probe i4 is thus retained in any desired position of adjustment. Such turning adjustment is effected as by means of a hex ended rod passed axially into the stern I3 through a bore Ti and received in a mating hex socket I8 formed in the body of the probe M, the body 10 being provided with an aligned opening into the chamber H.

The ends of the probe and the stem are received and enclosed in a cylindrical flanged cup 80 formed of a relatively stiff insulating material such as polytetrafluoroethylene. This cup ertends through =passage ill in the connector I and into the annular space between the coaxial line components. A threaded counterbore at the inner end of the body passage 8i receives a threaded washer 32 which compresses a washer 83 against the flanged end of the cup 89 to hold the cup in place and to provide a fluid-tight seal. The insulating cup 86 thus provides a sealed closure for the passage or opening into the chamber II of the probe and crystal assembly D, preventing liquid dielectric from entering the chamber from the line structure B.

Another branch of the tree structure is in the form or a cylindrical circular sectioned rod or condenser element 35 which preferably is disposed at a right angle to the stem it and which extends laterally through a radial opening 88 in the body 70. The rod 85 is received in a transverse hole 8? drilled through the stem 13 and secured as by soldering to provide a good electrical connection. A conductive metal cap or outer condenser element 88 having a closed end is received over the outer end of the rod 85 and is formed with a reduced diameter end 89 press fitted into the radial passage 85 and soldered. A ceramic insulating sleeve 90 surrounds the center condenser element or rod 85 locating the latter in the circular bore of the cap or closed end sleeve 83.

The ceramic sleeve 90 which locates and supports the tree structure within the conductive metal body 10 is formed of electrical porcelain or similar material and constitutes the dielectric between the inner element and the outer element 88 which collectively comprise a coaxial condenser structure C-Z, referred to later in connection with the operation of the wattrneter. The inner element or rod of the condenser is provided at its inner end with a yieldable dielectric sleeve 9| of relatively soft insulating material such as polytetrafiuoroethylene. Within the body cavity 1!, one end of the sleeve is confined between the stem i3 and the inner end face of the reduced portion 89 of the capacitor cap element 35. A reduced diameter portion on the other end of the yieldable sleeve 91 is received within circular bore 92 of the capacitor cap and annular shoulder 93 of the insulating sleeve seats against the end of the capacitor cap to locate the parts in assembly.

Across the body chamber 'II from the capacitor -2 and in diametric relation to such structure is located a rectifier assembly such as a converter crystal or crystal diode. This assembly includes a tubular retainer or sleeve 95 which has a thread ed central portion received and held in a threaded radial passage 96 diametrically opposite and axially aligned with the capacitor passage 86. The inner end of the crystal retainer 95 is formed with a tapered or frusto-conical seat 9'! which is engaged by the matching face of a yieldable sealing and insulating dielectric washer 95. The gasket or washer 98 is received about a tubular end portion 99 of the rod which projects through the stem 13. The washer also bears against the stem 13, cooperating with the yieldable dielectric sleeve 9| in locating the tree structure in the body cavity 1 I.

Within the retainer a removable conductive metal sleeve I9I holds a crystal rectifier unit I00. This unit includes a hollow ceramic insulating tube I02 threaded internally at both ends. In one end of the tube a threaded base plug I03 holds an adjustable brass rod onthe inner end of which is mounted a germanium or other semiconductor crystal I04. Such crystal is of the type having current rectifying properties, silicon, galena or lead sulphide also being suitable materials.

The other end of the insulating tube I02 receives a threaded metal plug I01 having a rounded end I05 received slidingly in the tubular end 99 of the rod 85, the tube being slotted axially as indicated at I06 to grip the plug resiliently. A spring-like whisker wire I08 secured in the plug l0! makes point contact with a sensitive spot of the crystal I04. The cavity in the tube I02 is filled through a lateral opening with wax to seal the parts.

The crystal unit I00 is received within the sleeve IOI with a free or loose fit, and is held in place by a conductive metal cap H0 having a thin edge III flanged over an annular rib on the sleeve IOI. A cushion such as a rubber O- ring H2 is interposed between the inside end of the cap IE0 and the crystal unit I00 and yieldingly holds flange I09 of the metal plug I93 seated against the end of the sleeve IOI so that the crystal plug makes positive electrical connection with the sleeve and the body of the sampling device D.

The axial passage through the retainer sleeve 95 is counterbored, providing an outer portion II 4 of relatively large diameter which receives the outer end of the sleeve IOI. An integral circular rib II5 formed on the sleeve IOI seats against the end of the counterbore in the retainer sleeve 95 to locate the crystal holding sleeve in the assembly. A rubber O-ring H6 received about the crystal holding sleeve ll be tween the flanged edge II I of the cap [l0 and the locating rib I i5 is radially compressed between the body of the crystal holding sleeve and the cylindrical walls of the counterbore [I4 to provide a seal which prevents the entry of dust and moisture into the inner end of the crystal assembly. The inner end of the crystal holding sleeve I9! is axially slotted as indicated at It! to provide a plurality of axial tines which, having been slightly spread apart prior to assembly, frictionally engage the walls of the retaining sleeve 95 to hold the crystal unit within the sleeve. The crystal may be readily removed from the retainer sleeve 95 by withdrawing the cap H0 and the crystal holding sleeve IOI from the retainer as a unit. Slight misalignment is accommodated by shifting or tilting of the crystal unit I00 within the holding sleeve IOI thus preventing distortion of the crystal unit and avoiding damage to its parts. A link chain H8 connected to the cap H0 and to the body 70 of the capacitane voltage divider serves as a safety fastener to avoid loss 7 e and damage by dropping of the crystal unit should the unit become dislodged from the retainer sleeve 95. A suitable converter crystal rectifier is one known in the electronics trade as type 1N21B which operates satisfactorily at rectified currents of about one milliampere and rec tified voltages of about one volt.

A third branch of the tree structure comprises a resistor R, of the insulated metalized type, which is connected in series between the stem 13 and one terminal of the galvanometer G. The other terminal of the galvanometer is connected to the body 13 of the voltage divider or crystal cartridge assembly D. The resistor may include glass tube I2I (Fig. 4) coated with a metal or carbon film I20 and encased within an insulating body I22. Conductor wires are electrically connected to the resistive coating at the ends of the tube. Wire I23 from one end is connected to the stem I3 and wire I24 from the other end is connected to a metal terminal plug I25.

The terminal plu I25 is supported by a body I26 of phenolic resin held by a press fit in externally threaded tubular fitting I21 screwed into a radial opening in the body III. The inner end of the passage through the tubular fitting I2? is counterbored to receive a button capacitor -3. This capacitor comprises a centrally apertured circular disc I30, of glass, mica or other insulation, separating flanged metal plates. A plate on one side makes electrical connection with the wire I24 through a metal spool I3I which is received in the central aperture of the insulator disc. A plate on the other side of the insulator disc, insulated by the disc from the first mentioned plate, makes electrical connection with the walls of the counterbore in the metal tube I2? through a metal ring I32.

The capacitor button C-3 by-passes radio or high frequency components of the electrical current in the tree structure and thereby restricts the external galvanometer circuit to the direct current produced by the effect of the crystal rectifier IIIEI. External high frequency radiations picked up by the coaxial cable leading to the galvanometer are also by-passed by the button capacitor to exclude them from the crystal rectifier. It has been found satisfactory to employ such a capacitor having a capacity of about 500 M. M. F.

Over the outer end of the tubular fitting I2! is received a side opening metal connector fitting I33 having a threaded metal swivel collar I34 which engages the threads on the tubular fitting I27. A helical coil compression spring I35 of conductive metal is disposed within a chamber in the upper end of the fitting I23, the spring being insulated from the walls of the metal fitting by a plastic disc I36 and a dielectric cup I37. This cup, positioned bottom end out in the fitting'chamber, is of stiff insulating plastic such as polytetrafluoroethylene and has a central bottom opening which admits the rounded end of the terminal I25 so that the latter makes electrical contact with the bent over end turn of the metal spring I35. A resilient O-ring I 33 of material such as rubber embraces the end of the plastic cup I31 and is interposed between the side face of the fitting I33 and the end face of the tubular fitting I27 to provide a dust and moistureproof seal. Electrical connection is established between the swivel fitting I33 and the body I0 of the voltage divider D by the metal of the tubular fitting I21 and the collar I34.

The galvanometer G is connected to the voltage divider D preferably by means of a flexible coaxial cable comprising a central wire or conductor I40 and a flexible sheath Isl of woven wire or the like. The center conductor of the coaxial cable is surrounded by a tube I32 of dielectric insulating material. A protective sheath or covering I43 of suitable wear resistant composition surrounds the woven conductor MI. The center conductor I43 and the tubular insulation I42 are received in a bore I 35 formed in the swivel end fitting I33. In attaching the flexible cable to the fitting I33 the protective outer sheath I43 is first stripped away from the end portion of the cable and the woven sheath is turned back. The end of the center conductor I40 is bared and extends through a lateral opening in the insulating cup I3'I, being received and pinched between the turns of the coil I35 which thus makes electrical connection therewith. The outed end of bore or passage I 13 in the swivel fitting is formed with a counterbore having inner tapered and outer threaded portions. A threaded ferrule I66 surrounds the flexible cable and compresses an insulating plastic jam washer I43 and a rounded end metal jam washer I53 in the tapered portion of the counterbore to clamp the end of the flexible cable and to efiect positive electrical connection between the curled end of the woven sheath MI and the fitting I33. Reference is made to copending application for United States patent Serial No. 173,776, filed July 14, 1950, for Electrical Connector, which describes and claims the cable connecting means. After assembly of the voltage divider D, the chamber 'II, which is formed with an opening through the end of the body III, is closed as by a threaded metal plug I48.

In connecting the galvanometer G in series between the body of the voltage divider D and the resistor B one terminal of the galvanometer is connected to the center conductor I33 and the other terminal is connected to the conductive sheath or outer conductor I II of the coaxial cable, these parts being diagrammatically represented in Fig. 2. This arrangement, in which the galvanometer is connected to the voltage divider by means of a coaxial cable, protects the sensitive galvanometer and the tree structure circuits from stray high frequency radiations which are encountered in the vicinity of television and other high frequency electrical apparatus. This protection prevents damage to the rectifier and avoids pick-up of voltages that would cause errors in the rectifying circuit.

In operation, the line B is connected to a suitable high frequency power generating device such as a television transmitter, the connection being made to the tubular fitting II and the center conductor 28 in accordance with conventional practice. Power thus fed into the device is converted into heat by the terminating line unit B and suitably dissipated.

The voltage drop or potential difierence across the input end of the load B, between the center tapered connector 21 and the surrounding or outer tapered connector I, is divided between the capacitors 0-! and C-2 inversely proportional to their capacitances. Capacitance C-I, comprising the inner connector 21 and the probe I I, is relatively small with respect to the coaxial capacitance C-2. Accordingly the voltage drop across 0-2 is a small fraction or sample of the total voltage impressed upon the coaxial line B. This arrangement keeps the voltage impressed on absent 9 the rectifier within the operating range of the crystal.

The capacitor -2 is charged by the aetion of the crystal diode rectifier to a direct current volt age substantially equal to the peak value of the high frequency voltag prevailing, through the action of the capacitance voltage divider, across the capacitor 0-2. The movable hand or pointer of the galvanometer G indicates or measures such direct current voltage across the capacitor (3-2, the galvanometer including in its eircuit the resistor R located within the chamber ll of the voltage divider body. A physically or dimensionally short connection is desired between the re-' sistor R and the capacitor C 2 to minimize ca pacitance.

The capacitor C=3 is a bypass for the external galvanometer circuit, such lay-pass isolating the galvanometer from high frequencies within the body of the voltage divider and preventing high frequencies picked up externally by the galva nometer circuit from entering the voltage divider chamber and afiecting the crystal circuit. Resistor R and the by-pass capacitor C-3 may also be considered as a resistance-capacitance filter introduced for high frequency attenuation between the capacitor C-2 and the external galvanometer circuit. The time constant of the combination R(C-2) is kept sufliciently high" so that the direct current and peak high frequency voltages across 0-2 remain substantially equal, this arrangement being provided so that the galvanometer and crystal circuit operates as a peak reading diode voltmeter.

The action of the crystal and other circuit elements described herein is to produce in the gallvanometer G a small direct current proportional to the high frequency voltage across the coaxial resistor device D. The galva'riorrieter, by suitable calibration of its dial, thus indicates oirectly the high frequency power being absorbed. V

One of the characteristics of crystalrectifiers of the type used in the present device is sensi tivity increase or current output increase upon increase in the frequency of the alternating electric current applied to the crystal. This characteristic is exhibited over the frequency range below the natural frequency of the crystal. Thus, in the range below such natural frequency an increase in the direct current output of the crystal occurs as the frequency of the high frequency current in the coaxial device increases. This increase in current output from the crystal occurs even though the potential or voltage of the high frequency alternating current remains constant. It is believed that the physical construction of the crystal unit, which combinesa whisker wire with a semi-conductor mineral, produces a resonant effect that gives rise to the sensitivity referred to. Compensation for thisfrequency responsive sensitivity of the crystal is obtained by the construction and arrangement of the capacitor 0-2. For this purpose the capacitor 0-2 is made in the form of a coaxial line stub having characterisics over the designed frequency range of the device that compensate for the crystal sensitivity.

In accordance with the" patent statutes the principles of the'present invention may be utilized in various Ways, numerous modifications and alterations being contemplated, substitution of parts and changes in construction being resorted to as desired, it being understood that the particular apparatusand combination shown in the drawings" and described above are given 10 merely for purposes of explanation and illustration without intending to limit the scope of the claims to the specific details disclosed.

Reference is made to copending application for patent SerialNo. 322,767, filed ojnNovember 26, 1952, Adjustable Probe for High Frequency Electrical Device,describing and claiming common subject matter.

What we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1 For use in combination with a high frequency coaxial line having an apertured outer conductor, a voltage divider assembly comprising a chambered body for mounting on the outer conductor of the line and havin an aperture registering with the conductor aperture, a tree structure within the body having anadjustable length stem movable axially through the aligned apertures and including a branch of substantially eircular section disposed at an angle to the stem, the body being formed with a substantially cylindrical recess to receive said branch, the tree also including a second branch aligned axially with a lateral opening inthe body, a semi-conductor crystal assembly and means mounting the same in said lateral opening with the semi-conductor crystal series connected between the body and the second branch of the tree structure, and still another branch of the tree structure including a resistor and a condenser series. connected to the body, the condenser being disposed in an aperture opening laterally through the body. 2. In combination in a high frequency electrical measuring instrument, a chambered metal body housing an inner conductive structure and a crystal assembly carried by the housing, said assembly comprising ashoulolered metal sleeve having an axially slotted end, a plug received within the other end of the sleeve, an element receivable over said other end of the sleeve for retaining the plug assembled in the sleeve, a semi-conductor crystal and whisker wire rectifier carriedby' the plug and including a conductor disposed axially inj the slotted end of the sleeve, an opening in. the body for slidin'gly receiving the slotted end of the" sieeveyand niean's effecting a sliding connection between said axial conductor and the inner conductive structure 3. In combination in a high frequency electrical device having a substantially cylindrical socket and a terminal axially aligned with the socket, a crystal unit comprising an elongated sleeve receivable in the socket, a' shouldered. plug disposed in one end of the sleeve with the sleeve end against the plug shoulder, a cap embracing said one end of the sleeve and secured to the sleeve to prevent separation of the parts in use, resilient means interposed between the cap and the plug yieldingly to holdthe shoulder or the latter against the sleeve end, a contact disposedaxially in the sleeve for engagement with the terminal in the socket, insulating means carried by the plug for supporting the contact, a semi-corrductor crystal, and means supporting and electrically connecting the crystal between the plug andthe contact,

4. In combination ina high frequency electrical device having a substantially cylindrical socket and aterminal axially aligned with the socket, a crystal unit comprising an elongated sleeve receivable inthe socket; a shouldered plug dis posed in one end-of thesleeve with the sleeve end against the plug shoulder, a cap embracing said 11 one end of the sleeve and secured to the sleeve to prevent separation of the parts in use, resilient means interposed between the cap and the plug yieldingly to hold the shoulder of the latter against the sleeve end, an insulating tube supported by the plug within the sleeve, a contact carried by the tube for engagement with the terminal in the socket, a semi-conductor crystal within the tube, and means electrically connecting the crystal between the plug and the contact.

5. In combination in a high frequency electrical device having a substantially cylindrical socket and a terminal axially aligned with the socket, a crystal unit comprising an elongated sleeve receivable in the socket, a shouldered plug disposed in one end of the sleeve with the sleeve end against the plug shoulder, means secured to and carried by the sleeve to retain the plug in the sleeve, a contact disposed axially in the sleeve for engagement with the terminal in the socket, insulating means carried by the plug for supporting the contact, a semi-conductor crystal, and means supporting and electrically connecting the crystal between the plug and the contact.

6. In combination in a high frequency electrical device having a substantially cylindrical socket and a terminal axially aligned with the socket, a crystal unit comprising an elongated sleeve receivable in the socket, a shouldered plug disposed in one end of the sleeve with the sleeve end against the plug shoulder, means secured to and carried by the sleeve to retain the plug in the sleeve, an insulating tube supported by the plug within the sleeve, a contact carried by the tube for engagement with the terminal in the socket, a semi-conductor crystal within the tube, and means electrically connecting the crystal between the plug and the contact.

7 In combination in a high frequency electrical device having a substantially cylindrical socket and a terminal axially aligned with the socket, a crystal unit comprising an elongated sleeve reoeivable in the socket, a shouldered plug disposed in one end of the sleeve with the sleeve end against the plug shoulder, means secured to and carried by the sleeve to retain the plug in the sleeve, a contact disposed axially in the sleeve for engagement with the terminal in the socket, insulating means carried by the plug for supporting the contact, a semi-conductor crystal, and means supporting and electrically connecting the crystal between the plug and the contact, said connecting and supporting means including an elongated element carried by the plug and slidable relative thereto for adjusting the electrical connection.

8. In combination in a high frequency electrical device having a substantially cylindrical socket and a terminal axially aligned with the socket, a crystal unit comprising an elongated sleeve receivable in the socket, said sleeve having a pair of axially spaced circumferentially extending external shoulders, a resilient deformable gasket embracing the sleeve between the shoulders for engagement with the socket walls to seal the sleeve in the socket, a plug disposed in one end of the sleeve, a contact disposed axially in the sleeve for engagement with the terminal in the socket, insulating means carried by the plug for supporting the contact, a semi-conductor crystal, and means supporting and electrically connecting the crystal between the plug and the contact.

9. In combination in a high frequency electrical device having a substantially cylindrical socket and a terminal axially aligned with the socket, a crystal unit comprising an elongated sleeve receivable in the socket, said sleeve having a pair of axially spaced circumferentially extending external shoulders, a resilient deformable gasket embracing the sleeve between the shoulders for engagement with the socket walls to seal the sleeve in the socket, a plug disposed in one end of the sleeve, a cap embracing said one end of the sleeve and having a rim portion flanged over one of the external shoulders of the sleeve to retain the cap assembled on the sleeve, a contact disposed axially in the sleeve for engagement with the terminal in the socket, insulating means carried by the plug for supporting the contact, a semi-conductor crystal, and means supporting and electrically connecting the crystal between the plug and the contact.

10. In combination in a high frequency electrical device having a substantially cylindrical socket and a terminal axially aligned with the socket, a crystal unit comprising an elongated sleeve receivable in the socket, said sleeve having a circumferentially extending external shoulder, a plug disposed in one end of the sleeve, a cap embracing said one end of the sleeve and having a rim portion flanged over the sleeve shoulder to retain the cap assembled on the sleeve, a contact disposed axially in the sleeve for engagement with the terminal in the socket, insulating means carried by the plug for supporting the contact, a semi-conductor crystal, and means supporting and electrically connecting the crystal between the plug and the contact.

11. For use in combination with a high frequency coaxial line having an apertured outer conductor, a voltage divider assembly comprising an internally chambered conductive body for mounting on the outer conductor of the line, said body having an aperture communicating With the internal chamber and registering with the conductor aperture, a tree structure supported within and insulated from the body, said tre structure including an adjustable length probe branch movable axially through the aligned apertures, said tree structure also including a capacitor element branch of substantially circular section disposed at an angle to the probe branch, the body being formed with a substantially cylindrical recess to receive said capacitor element branch, the body also being formed with a lateral opening communicating With the internal chamber of the body, and the tree structure also including a rectifier branch gxgending through said lateral opening in the 12. A detector device for use in combination with a high frequency electrical line having a tubular conductor through which energy is transmitted and in which transmitted energy sets up an electrical field, said tubular conductor having a wall formed with a probe receiving aperture, said detector device comprising a hollow conductive body for mounting on the wall of th tubular conductor, said conductive body being formed with a through passage comprising a central chamber and openings at opposite ends of the chamber, one of said passage end openings being adapted to be placed in registry with the probe receiving aperture of the tubular conductor, a tree structure within and insulated from the conductive body, said tree structure comprising a probe branch having a longitudinal axis substantially centered through the passage end openings for extending into the electrical field eadwo- 13 through said one end opening of the passage, a capacitor branch extending laterally from the longitudinal axis of the probe, the conductive body being formed with a lateral chamber opening into the central chamber for receiving the capacitor branch, a rectifier branch extending into the central chamber and making electrical connection with the probe branch, said tree structure also including relatively movable parts for eifecting axial adjustment of the probe branch to vary the effective extent of the probe branch into said electrical field, the relatively movable parts being accessible through said other end opening of the passage, and removable plug means for normally closing theother of said pas-- sage end openings and preventing electrical energy loss from the central chamber through said other end opening.

13. In combination in a high frequency electrical device, a chambered metal body, an inner conductive structure housed withinthe body, insulating means supporting the inner structure within and insulated from the body housing, and a rectifier assembly carried by the body, said rectifier assembly comprising asleeve having a slotted end, a plug received Within the other end of the sleeve, an element receivable over said other end of the sleeve for retaining the plug assembled in the sleeve, a rectifier carried by the plug and including a conductor disposed axially in the slotted end of the sleeve and insulated from the latter, said body being formed with an opening for slidingly receiving and embracing the slotted end of the sleeve, and means effecting a sliding connection between saidaxial conductor of the rectifier assembly and the inher conductive structure.

lei. In combinationin a high frequency electrical device, a chambered metal body, a conductive structure, insulating means supporting the conductive structure Within and insulated from the body, and a rectifier assembly carried by the body, the body having a socket of substantially circular section for receiving the rectifier assembly, said rectifier'assembly comprising a tubular sleeve having one end. disposed in the circular sectioned socket of the body; and closely surrounded by thewallsof: the socket to locate the. sleeve, in predetermined substantially coaxial relation to the socket, the; sleeve being movable,

axially in the socket, a plug within the other end of the sleeve, a rectifier carried by the plug.

and, including a conductor disposed, within said one: end of the sleeve and insulated from the latter, means-effecting asliding electrical connection between the conductor of the rectifier assembly and the conductive, structure during axial movement of thesleeve in the socket, and coacting shoulder means on the. sleeve and on the body for limiting; said axial movement to locate1 the received rectifier assembly in predeterminedposition in the body socket.

15.,In combination, in a high frequency electrical. device, a chambered metal. body, a convductive structure, insulating means supporting the conductive structure within and. insulated.

fromthe body, and arectifier assemblyrcarried bythebody, the, body having ,a socket ofsubstantially circularsectionior receivingtthe rectifier assembly, said socket comprising inner and outer chamber portions of different diameters andlhaving a locating shoulder at the juncture of the, chamber portions, said. rectifier assembly comprising a, tubular sleeve having one end disposed in the circular sectioned. socket of the body, and closely surrounded by the walls of the of the rectifier assembly and the conductive structure during axial movement of the sleeve in the socket, and circumferentially extending rib means projecting radially outwardly from the sleeve, said rib means being engageable with the locating shoulder in the socket for limiting said axial movement to' locate the received rectifier assembly in predetermined position in the body socket.

16. In combination in a high frequency electrical device, a chambered metal body, a conductive structure, insulating" means supporting the conductive structure within and insulated from the body, and a rectifier assembly carried by the body, stantialiy circular section for receiving the rectifier assembly, said rectifier assembly comprising a tubular sleevehaving one end disposed the circular sectioned socketof the body and closely surrounded by the Wallsof the socket to locate the sleeve in-pre'determined substantially coaxial relation to the socket; the sleeve being movable axially in the socket, a plug within the other end of the sleeve, a rectifier carried by the plug and including a conductordisposed within said one end of the sleeve and insulated" from the latter, a hollow cap" embracing and closing. said other end of the sleeve in sealing relation,

said cap being arranged to bear axially against the plug to retainthe latter in the sleeve, meansbody, the body having asocketofsubstantially circular section for receiving the rectifier assembly, said rectifier assembly comprising a tubular sleevehaving one end. disposed in the circular sectioned socket of the'body and closely surrounded by the-Walls of thesocket to locate the sleeve in" predetermined substantially coaxial relation to-the socket, the sleeve=beingmovable axially in. the socket, a plugwithin the otherend of the sleeve,- a rectifier carried by the plug and including a conductor disposed within said one end of the sleeve and'insulat'eddro'm the latter, means on=theplug engagingthe'sleeve to locate the plug axiallyrelative to the sleeve and to limit movement of the plug into the sleeve; an ele-- ment receivable oversaid'oth'er end of the sleeve for retainingthe plug inthe sleeve, means effecting sliding electrical connection between the on' the sleeve andaonthe body for-limitingsaid axial movement to locate the received rectifier the body having a socket of subassembly in predetermined position in the body socket.

18. In combination in a high frequency electrical device, a chambered metal body, a conductive structure, insulating means supporting the conductive structure within and insulated from the body, and a rectifier assembly carried by the body, the body having a socket of substantially circular section for receiving the rectifier assembly, said rectifier assembly comprising a tubular sleeve having one end disposed in the circular sectioned socket of the body and closely surrounded by the walls of the socket to locate the sleeve in predetermined substantially coaxial relation to the socket, the sleeve being movable axially in the socket, a plug within the other end of the sleeve, a rectifier carried by the plug and including a conductor disposed within said one end of the sleeve and insulated from the latter, means on the plug engaging the sleeve to locate the plug axially relative to the sleeve and to limit movement of the plug into the sleeve, an element receivable over said other end of the sleeve for retaining the plug in the sleeve, resilient means interposed and compressed between the plug and the retaining element for yieldingly maintaining the plug at its limit of movement in the sleeve, and means effecting electrical connection between the conductor of the rectifier assembly and the conductive structure.

19. In combination in a high frequency electrical device, a chambered metal body, a conductive structure, insulating means supporting the conductive structure within and insulated from the body, and a rectifier assembly carried by the body, the body having a socket of substantially circular section for receiving the rectifier assembly, said rectifier assembly comprising a tubular sleeve having one end disposed in the circular sectioned socket of the body and closely surrounded by the Walls of the socket to locate the sleeve in predetermined substantially coaxial relation to the socket, the sleeve being movable axially in the socket, a plug within the other end of the sleeve, a rectifier carried by the plug and including a conductor disposed within said one end of the sleeve and insulated from the latter, a deformable sealing ring embracing the sleeve, said ring having inter-fitting engagement with the sleeve to resist relative axial movement and being slidably received within the body socket in the provision of a circumferentially extending seal between the sleeve and the walls of the socket, and means effecting electrical connection between the conductor of the rectifier assembly and the conductive structure.

20. In combination in a high frequency electrical device, a chambered metal body, a conductive structure, insulating means supporting the conductive structure within and insulated from the body, and a rectifier assembly carried by the body, the body having a socket of substantially circular section for receiving the rectifier assembly, said socket comprising inner and outer chamber portions of different diameters and having a locating shoulder at the juncture of the chamber portions, said rectifier assembly comprising a tubular sleeve having one end disposed in the circular sectioned socket of the body, and closely surrounded by the walls of the socket to locate the sleeve in predetermined substantially coaxial relation to the socket, the sleeve being movable axially in the socket, a plug within the other end of the sleeve, a rectifier carried by the plug and including a conductor disposed within said one end of the sleeve and insulated from the latter, means effecting a sliding electrical connection between the conductor of the rectifier assembly and the conductive structure during axial movement of the sleeve in the socket, circumferentially extending rib means projecting radially outwardly from the sleeve, said rib means being engageable with the locating shoulder in the socket for limiting said axial movement to locate the received rectifier assembly in predetermined position in the body socket and a deformable sealing ring embracing the sleeve outwardly of the rib means, said ring having interfitting engagement with the sleeve to resist relative axial movement therebetween and being slidably received in the outer chamber portion of the body socket in the provision of a circumferential seal between the sleeve and the walls of the socket.

21. In combination in a high frequency electrical device, a conductive metal body having an internal chamber and a plurality of openings into the chamber, an inner conductive structure housed within the body and extending through the chamber and the openings, insulating means carried by the body and supporting the conductive structure, a retainer sleeve extending through and rigidly secured in one of the openings into the chamber, and a rectifier assembly received within the retainer sleeve, said assembly comprising a tubular sleeve having one end disposed within the retainer sleeve and axially slidable therein for relative longitudinal movement, a plug within the other end of the tubular sleeve, a rectifier carried by the plug and including a conductor disposed within said one end of the tubular sleeve and insulated from the latter, means effecting a sliding electrical connection between the conductor of the rectifier assembly and the inner conductive structure during axial movement of the tubular sleeve in the retainer sleeve, and means limiting said relative axial movement of the sleeves to locate the received rectifier assembly in predetermined position in the retainer sleeve.

22. In combination in a high frequency electrical device, a conductive metal body having an internal chamber and a plurality of openings into the chamber, an inner conductive structure housed within the body and extending through the chamber and the openings, insulating means carried by the body and supporting the conductive structure, a retainer sleeve extending through and rigidly secured in one of the openings into the chamber, said inner conductive structure including an element extending axially into one end of the retainer sleeve, a deformable ring embracing said element of the conductive structure and sealingly engaging the retainer sleeve, and a rectifier assembly received within the retainer sleeve, said assembly comprising a tubular sleeve having one end disposed within the retainer sleeve and axially slidable therein for relative longitudinal movement, a plug within the other end of the tubular sleeve, a rectifier carried by the plug and including a conductor disposed within said one end of the tubular sleeve and insulated from the latter, said conductor of the rectifier assembly having sliding engagement with said axially extending element of the inner conductive structure to provide a sliding electrical connection between the inner conductive structure and the rectifier assembly during insertion of the latter into the retainer sleeve.

23. In combination in a high frequency electrical device, a conductive metal body having an internal chamber and a plurality of openings into the chamber, an inner conductive structure housed within the body and extending through the chamber and the openings, insulating means carried by the body and supporting the conductive structure, a retainer sleeve extending through and rigidly secured in one of the openings into the chamber, a rectifier assembly re ceived within the retainer sleeve for facile re moval and replacement, said assembly comprising a substantially circular sectioned member having a sliding joint engagement with the retainer' sleeve for relative axial movement and rectifier means carried by said circular sectioned member, interfitting separable contact means carried by the inner conductive structure and the rectifier assembly adapted automatically to make electrical connection between the inner conductive structure and the rectifier assembly upon replacement of the latter, and deformable means disposed between the contact means and the retainer sleeve for sealing said one opening into the chamber.

24. In combination in a high frequency electrical device, a conductive metal body having an internal chamber and a plurality of openings into the chamber, an inner conductive structure housed within the body and extending through the chamber and the openings, insulating means carried by the body and supporting the conductive structure, a retainer sleeve extending through and rigidly secured in one of the openings into the chamber, a rectifier assembly received within the retainer sleeve for facile removal and replacement, said assembly comprising a substantially circular sectioned member having a sliding joint engagement with the retainer sleeve for relative axial movement and rectifier means carried by said circular sectioned member, interfitting separable contact means carried by the inner conductive structure and the rectifier assembly adapted automatically to make electrical connection between the inner conductive structure and the rectifier assembly upon replacement of the latter, deformable means embracing the circular sectioned member of the rectifier assembly and engaging the retainer sleeve for sealing the joint between the rectifier assembly and the retainer sleeve, and deformable means disposed between the contact means and the retainer sleeve for sealing said one opening into the chamber.

25. In a detector device for use in combination with a high frequency electrical transmission line, a hollow body for mounting on the line, the body being formed with an opening to register with a transmission line opening, a conductive structure, means supporting the structure within the body in electrically insulated relation, said structure including a stern extending toward said opening, a probe carried on the end of said stem in adjustable relation, the probe having a resilient expansible end sprung against the stem and the stem having a resilient expansible end sprung against the probe, a rectifier assembly, and means supporting the rectifier assembly in the body in electrically connected relation to the conductive structure, the body being formed with another opening spaced from the rectifier assembly for access to the probe to permit adjustment of the latter while the rectifier assembly is supported in the body and connected to the conductive structure.

26'. In a detector device for use in combination with a high frequency electrical transmission line, a hollow body for mounting on the line, the body being formed with an Opening to register with a transmission line opening, a conductive structure supported within the body in electrically insulated relation, said conductive structure comprising a metal stem member and a metal probe member threaded one on the other for relative axial adjustment in varying the position of the probe in relation to they opening, one Of said members being split and sprung against the other in the provision of frictional restraint against relative turning and good electrical conductivity in all positions of adjustment, a rectifier assembly, and means supporting the rectifier assembly in the body in electrically connected relation to the. conductive structure, the body being formed with another opening spaced from the rectifier assembly for access to the probe to permit adjustment of the latter while the rectifier assembly is supported in the body and connected to the conductive structure.

27.v In a detector device for use in combination with, a high frequency electrical transmission line, a hollow body for mounting on the line, the body being formed with an opening to register with a transmission line opening, a conductive structure supported Within the body in electrically insulated relation, said conductive structure comprising a metal stem member and a metal probe member threaded one on the other for relative axial adjustment in varying the position of the probe in relation to the opening, the stem member being split for yielding engagement with the probe and the probe member being split for yielding engagement against the stem, a rectifier assembly, and means supporting the rectifier assembly in the body in electrically connected relation to the conductive structure and for facile removal and replacement, the body being formed with another opening spaced from the rectifier assembly for access to the probe to permit adjustment of the latter while the rectifier assembly is supported in the body and connected to the conductive structure.

28. In a detector device for use in combination with a high frequency electrical transmission line, a hollow body for mounting on the line, the body being formed with an opening to register with a transmission line opening, a conductive structure supported within the body in electrically insulated relation, said conductive structure comprising a stem member having a tubular end portion and a metal probe member received within and embraced by the end portion of the stem and directed through the body opening, said tubular end portion of the stem including a relatively thin walled part and a relatively thick walled threaded part, threads on the probe engaging the threaded part of the stem to provide for axial adjustment of the probe relative to the stem in varying the position of the probe in the'body opening, a rectifier assembly, and means supporting the rectifier assembly in the body in electrically connected relation to the conductive structure and for facile removal and replacement along the axis at an angle to the adjustment axis of the probe member, the body being formed with another opening on said adjustment axis and spaced from the rectifier assembly for access to the stem member and to the probe member to permit adjustment of the latter while the rectifier assembly is supported in the body and electrlcally connected to the conductive structure.

29. In a detector device for use in combination with a high frequency electrical transmission line, a hollow body for mounting on the line, the body being formed with an opening to register with a transmission line opening, a conductive structure supported within the body in electrically insulated relation, said conductive structure comprising a stem member having a tubular end portion and a metal probe member received within and embraced by the end portion of the stem and directed through the body opening, said tubular end portion of the stem including a relatively thin walled part and a relatively thick walled threaded part, said probe having a tubular end portion received within the stem, threads on the probe engaging the threaded part of the stem to provide for axial adjustment of the probe relative to the stem and the body opening, one of the tubular end portions being split axially to provide yielding engagement between the probe and the stem, a rectifier assembly, and means supporting the rectifier assembly in the body in electrically connected relation to the conductive structure, the body being formed with another opening spaced from the rectifier assembly for access to the probe to permit adjustment of the latter while the rectifier assembly is supported in the body and connected to the conductive structure.

30. In a detector device for use in combination with a high frequency electrical transmission line, a hollow body for mounting on the line, the body being formed with an opening to register with a transmission line opening, a conductive structure supported within the body in electrically insulated relation, said conductive structure comprising a stem member having a tubular end portion and a metal probe member received within and embraced by the end portion of the stem and directed through the body opening, said tubular portion of the stem being formed with threads, said probe having a tubular threaded end portion received within the stem being axially adjustable therein, and one of the tubular end portions being split axially to provide yielding engagement between the probe and the stem, a rectifier assembly, and means supporting the rectifier assembly in the body in electrically connected relation to the conductive structure and for facile removal and replacement, the body being formed with another opening spaced from the rectifier assembly for access to the probe to permit adjustment of the latter while the rectifier assembly is supported in the body and connected to the conductive structure.

31. In a detector device for use in combination with a high frequency electrical transmission line, a hollow body for mounting on the line, the body being formed with an opening to register with a transmission line opening, a conductive structure, means supporting the structure within the body in electrically insulated relation, said structure including a stem extending toward said opening, a cup of insulating material disposed across the body opening, a conductive probe on the end of said stem and projecting into the cup, said probe being axially adjustable on the stem to vary the position of the probe in the cup and body opening, a rectifier assembly, and means supporting the rectifier assembly in the body in electrically connected relation to the conductive structure, the body being formed with another opening spaced from the rectifier assembly for access to the probe to permit adjustment of the latter while the rectifier assembly is supported in the body and connected to the conductive structure.

32. In a detector device for use in combination with a high frequency electrical transmission line, a hollow body for mounting on the line, the body being formed with an opening to register with a transmission line opening, a conductive structure, means supporting the structure within the body in electrically insulated relation, said structure including a stem extending toward said opening, a cup of insulating material disposed over the body opening, said cup being formed with a substantially circular rim, means clamping the cup rim against the body to seal the opening in the latter, a conductive probe on the end of said stem and projecting into the cup, said probe being axially adjustable on the stem to vary the position of the probe in the cup and body opening, a rectifier assembly, and means supporting the rectifier assembly in the body in electrically connected relation to the conductive structure and for facile removal and replacement along the axis at an angle to the adjustment axis of the probe member, the body being formed with another opening on said adjustment axis andspaced from the rectifier assembly for access to the stem member and to the probe member to permit adjustment or the latter while the rectifier assembly is supported in the body and electrically connected to the conductive structure.

33. In a detector device for use in combination with a high frequency electrical transmission line, a hollow body for mounting on the line, the body being formed with an opening to register with a transmission line opening, a conductive structure, means supporting the structure within the body in electrically insulated relation, said structure including a stem extending toward said opening, a cup of insulating material embraced by the walls of the body opening and positioned with the cup bottom projecting through the body opening, means clamping the cup against the body to seal the body opening, a conductive probe on the end of said stem and projecting into the cup, said probe being axially adjustable on the stem to vary the position of the probe in the cup and body opening, a rectifier assembly, and means supporting the rectifier assembly in the body in electrically connected relation to the conductive structure and for facile removal and replacement, the body being formed with another opening spaced from the rectifier assembly for access to the probe to permit adjustment of the latter while the rectifier assembly is supported in the body and connected to the conductive structure.

34. In combination with a high frequency electrical transmission line comprising a tubular conductor formed with an opening, a detector device comprising a hollow body mounted on the conductor, the body being formed with an opening in registry with the conductor opening, a dielectric member disposed across one of the openings, means confining the edges of the dielectric mem ber to seal the last mentioned opening, a conductive structure, means supporting the structure within the body in electrically insulated relation, said structure including a stem and a probe supported on the stem, screw means for shifting the probe relative to the stem to adjust the position of the probe relative to the body opening and the dielectric member, a rectifier assembly, and means supporting the rectifier assembly in the body in electrically connected relation to the conductive structure, the body being formed with another opening spaced from the rectifier assembly for access to the probe to permit adjustment of the latter while the rectifier assembly is supported 21 in the body and connected to the conductive structure.

35. In combination with a high frequency electrical transmission line comprising a tubular conductor formed with an opening, a detector device comprising a hollow body mounted on the conductor, the body being formed with an opening in registry with the conductor opening, a dielectric cup disposed across the registered openings and projecting into the interior of the tubular conductor of the line, said cup having a substantially circular sealing rim, means clamping the rim of the cup to provide a seal between the line conductor and the hollow body, a conductive structure, means supporting the structure within the body in electrically insulated relation, said structure including a stem and a probe supported on the stem, the probe extending into the cup, screw means for shifting the probe on the stem to adjust the position of the probe in the cup and relative to the body opening, a rectifier assembly, and means supporting the rectifier assembly in the body in electrically connected relation to the conductive structure and for facile removal and replacement, the body being formed with another opening spaced from the rectifier assembly for access to the probe to permit adjustment of the latter While the rectifier assembly is supported in the body and connected to the conductive structure.

36. In combination with a high frequency electrical transmission line comprising a tubular conductor formed with an opening, a detector device comprising a hollow body mounted on the conductor, the body being formed with an opening in registry with the conductor opening, a conduc tive structure within and insulated from the body, said structure comprising a stem and a probe adjustably supported on the stem in telescoped relation, a rectifier assembly, means supporting the rectifier assembly in the body laterally of the stem and in electrically connected relation to the conductive structure, the probe being directed toward the registered openings, the stem being formed with an axial passage extending to the probe, and the body being formed with an access opening aligned with the stem passage to permit the insertion of an adjusting tool into the body, through the stem and into engagement with the probe to shift the probe on the stem in adjusting the probe relative to the registered openings.

37. In combination with a high frequency electrical transmission line comprising a tubular conductor formed with an opening, a detector device comprising a hollow body mounted on the conductor, the body being formed with an opening in registry With the conductor opening, a conductive structure within and insulated from the body, said structure comprising a stem and a probe threadedly engaged on the stem, a rectifier assembly, means supporting the rectifier assembly in the body laterally of the stem and in electrically connected relation to the conductive structure, the stem being formed with an axial passage extending to the probe, the probe being directed toward the registered openings and having a non-circular tool receiving formation aligned with the stem passage, and the body being formed with an access opening aligned with the stem passage to permit the insertion of an adjusting tool into the body, through the stem and into engagement with the non circular formation of the probe to shift the probe on the stem in adjusting the probe relative to the registered openings.

JAMES R. BIRD.

HENRY J. CALDERHEAD.

JOSEPH A. BILSKI.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,294,432 Weidner Sept. 1, 1942 2,294,737 Bruno Sept. 1, 1942 2,416,694 Howard Mar. 4:, 1947 2,423,506 Landon July 8, 194'? 2,423,526 Southeimer et a1 July 81, 1947 2,427,087 Carlson Sept. 9 1947 2,433,387 Mumford i Dec. 30*, 1947 2,436,830 Sharpless Mar. 2, 1948 2,440,679 Fountain May 4, 1948 2,456,305 Nelson Dec. 14, 1948 2,488,137 8 Coltman Nov. 15, 1949

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