CN103306918A - Geothermal power generation system by adopting photo-thermal twice evaporating - Google Patents
Geothermal power generation system by adopting photo-thermal twice evaporating Download PDFInfo
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- CN103306918A CN103306918A CN2013102079013A CN201310207901A CN103306918A CN 103306918 A CN103306918 A CN 103306918A CN 2013102079013 A CN2013102079013 A CN 2013102079013A CN 201310207901 A CN201310207901 A CN 201310207901A CN 103306918 A CN103306918 A CN 103306918A
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
Abstract
The invention relates to a geothermal power generation system by adopting photo-thermal twice evaporating, which is characterized by comprising an evaporator, a heat regenerator, a fractional distillation and condensation unit, a solar energy ammonia heat collector, a separator, a turbonator and an ammonia supplying pump. The invention provides the geothermal power generation system by adopting the photo-thermal twice evaporating, and belongs to the field of thermoelectric conversion devices for converting geothermal energy and solar energy. Compared with the traditional geothermal power generation technology, Kalina cycle technology is adopted; a middle-low-temperature heat source is utilized; the circulating efficiency is 20 to 50 % larger than the conventional Rankine cycle in the middle-low-temperature range, which is considerable on the energy utilization; the running reliability and the power generation efficiency are improved; and the solar energy ammonia heat collector is adopted to form natural cycle with the separator to collect solar energy to enable the ammonia water to evaporate twice to produce ammonia vapour, thereby realizing efficient switch of the photo-thermal power generation on the basis of geothermal power generation. The technology is mature; the economy is feasible; and the photo-thermal conversion efficiency reaches up to more than 95% which cannot be transcended by other solar energy heat collectors.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of system for geothermal production of electricity that adopts the photo-thermal double evaporation-cooling, belong to geothermal power, solar energy light heat generator technical field.
Background technique
Development of world economy increases day by day to the demand of the energy, and human ecotope of depending on for existence also goes from bad to worse simultaneously.The mankind have begun to consider to greatly develop new energy, particularly reproducible clean energy resource, substitute traditional energy.Geothermal power and solar energy more and more are subject to people as a kind of new energy and pay attention to, and various countries formulate the policy of encouraging the geothermal energy solar development and use in succession, and technology, the equipment of geothermal energy solar development and use are also obtained new progress.The geothermal energy solar generating is to utilize the natural energy generating, because the boiler that does not need fuel and be associated, therefore do not produce CO
2, NO
X, dust emission, belong to renewable green clean energy resource, and cost of electricity-generating is all lower than conventional thermoelectricity and water power.
Wherein geothermal power generation is that underground heat energy is changed into mechanical energy, and then the production process that transforms mechanical energy into electricity.The heat-carrying agent that can take underground heat energy to ground and be used for generating electricity mainly is natural steam (dry steam and wet vapor) and geothermal water.
Because temperature, pressure and their water of hot water and steam, vapour quality is different, the mode of geothermal power generation is also different.Geothermal power generation mode commonly used has following several:
(1) live steam reclaiming process.High-temperature steam from geothermal well takes out at first passes through decontaminating separator, removes the various impurity that bring the down-hole, the Steam Actuation steam turbine work done of cleaning, and make the generator generating.Institute's power plant for emergency is basically the same with conventional thermal power generating equipment.
(2) dilatation generation mode.Be that geothermal water enters the factory building development unit after well head leads to the dilatation of hot water tank part, the secondary steam after the dilatation enters steam turbine work done generating.A this capacity-enlarging system, heat utilization efficiency only are about 3%.With what work done before the one-level development unit outlet steam introducing steam turbine, the geothermal water behind the one-level development unit is advanced people's two utmost point development units, enters the work done of steam turbine intergrade after the secondary dilatation, twice dilatation geothermal power generation that Here it is, and its heat utilization efficiency can reach about 6%.Yangbajing Geothermal Power Station in Tibet belongs to the unit of this kind generation mode, and single-machine capacity is 3000 kilowatts.
(3) double-work medium circulation geothermal generation mode.Local thermal parameter is higher, and temperature adopts the dilatation generating very suitable more than 150 ℃ the time.But the dilatation generating was just very difficult when parameter was low, the suitable double-work medium generation mode that adopts of this situation.Namely go to heat lower boiling working medium (such as isobutane, fluorine Lyons etc.) with the lower geothermal water of parameter, the steam with low boiling working fluid removes the steam turbine of getting excited again.This mode in theory efficient is higher, but technical difficulty is large.Two 1000 kilowatts of units of present domestic import are power generation.
(4) full flow type geothermal power generation mode.The ground thermal medium is all introduced the full flow power generation unit.This mode in theory efficient is very high, can reach 90%, but actual result is lower.At present, this mode at home, still under test outward, not yet be put to commercial Application.
The geothermal power generation mode also has full stream method etc. of two-phase.
Principle and the thermal power generation of geothermal power generation are roughly the same.Because geothermal power generation is consume fuel not, thereby does not need huge fuel transport, storage facility, device systems is simpler than thermal power generation.The hot water of discharging after the geothermal power generation has just reduced some temperature, can also be used for heating, medical treatment etc.Geothermal power station can not discharge flue gas and the dust of befouling environment.
China's geothermal resources reserves are abundant, distribute wide hot boiling spring 2500 places that found, more than 270 of geothermal fields.The geothermal resources allowable exploitation is equivalent to 4626.5 hundred million tons of standard coals, and geothermal utilization has bright prospects in China.
The utilization of geothermal power is divided into three kinds usually:
-for the steam of generating or the hot fluid of extreme temperatures;
The hot fluid of-middle the low temperature that can directly be utilized;
-earth source heat pump (GHPs) utilizes the energy of shallow surface, is architecture refrigerating/heating.
Geothermal power generation is the most important mode of geothermal utilization.The high-temperature geothermal fluid should at first be applied to generating.The principle of geothermal power generation and thermal power generation is the same, all is to utilize the heat energy of steam to change mechanical energy in steam turbine, then drives the generator generating.Difference is, geothermal power generation does not resemble and will have huge boiler the thermal power generation, does not need consume fuel yet, and its used energy is exactly geothermal power.The process of geothermal power generation at first changes underground heat energy into mechanical energy exactly, and then the process that transforms mechanical energy into electricity.Utilize underground heat energy, at first need to have " heat-loading body " that underground heat energy is taken on the ground.The heat-loading body that can be utilized by geothermal power station at present mainly is underground natural steam and hot water.
The steam type geothermal power generation is directly induce one Turbo-generator Set generating of the dry steam in the natural-steam field, but contained landwaste and water droplet separated in should be steam before the generator set that induces one.This generation mode is the simplest, but the dry steam geothermal resources are very limited, and is stored in darker stratum more, and the exploitation technology difficulty is large, therefore development is restricted.
One, flash evaporation power generation
Principle: when high-pressure water heating is evacuated to ground from hot well, in pressure decreased part hot water can seethe with excitement also " flash distillation " become steam, steam is delivered to the steam turbine acting; And the hot water after separating can continue to utilize rear discharge, certainly preferably again re-injection enter the stratum.
Two, middle low temperature double-work medium generating
The geothermal water heat exchanger of at first flowing through is passed to another kind of lower boiling working fluid with geothermal power, makes it boiling and produces steam.Steam advances people's steam turbine laggard people's vapour condenser that does work, and finishes power generation cycle by heat exchanger again.Geothermal water is then from heat exchanger re-injection people stratum.This system is particularly suitable for that salinity is large, corrosivity is strong and the high geothermal resources of incondensable gas content.The key technology of development binary cycle system is the efficient heat exchanger of exploitation.
Three, hot dry rock generating
Hot dry rock be bury below the 1km of ground, temperature is greater than 200 ℃, the inner rock mass that does not have fluid or a small amount of underground fluid is only arranged.The hot dry rock generating is toward the lower water of hot dry rock implantation temperature from the earth's surface, the water that injects move along the crack and with the rock generation heat exchange of periphery, produce High Temperature High Pressure supercritical water or gas-vapor mix, then from producing well, extract high-temperature vapour, be used for geothermal power generation and comprehensive utilization.
Solar energy refers to the radiation energy of sunlight.The nuclear reaction by " hydrogen " fusion one-tenth " helium " solar interior carries out ceaselessly discharge huge energy, and constantly to the cosmic space radiation energy, this energy is exactly solar energy.Solar energy is a kind of green, cleaning, the inexhaustible energy.Human just have three kinds substantially to the solar energy utilization: solar energy optical-thermal, photoelectricity and photochemical transformation of energy, and only have the transformation of solar energy optical-thermal and photoelectricity for generation of the conversion regime of electric power.The form of photoelectric conversion is more single, and the main form of utilizing is solar cell.The conversion regime of solar energy thermoelectricity and its apparatus are just many.A principle the most common of the thermoelectric conversion of solar energy is exactly to manage to obtain water vapor by the collection of solar energy, by the steam turbine acting, drives generator and produces electric power.
What routine solar light-heat power-generation system used all is the high temperature solar resource.The reason of the main use high temperature heat source of high temperature solar power generation system is that its turbine power generation unit is conventional Rankine cycle power system, in order to guarantee its heat-economy, just must improve initial temperature and the pressure of thermodynamic cycle.Solar energy resources is the lower resource of energy density, and this just causes conventional solar light-heat power-generation must assemble by special device the energy of low energy densities, thereby can provide enough heats to come heating water, obtains the water vapor of High Temperature High Pressure.Such as the solar energy tower type generating, slot type generating etc. all need to drop into huge fund and build solar aggregation apparatus.Below just introduce several frequently seen solar light-heat power-generation system.
One, tower type solar power generation system
This system sets up tall and big tower on spacious level land, the cat head installation is fixed a receiver and is equivalent to boiler, the heliostat that the disposed about of tower is a large amount of is assembled sunlight and reflexes on the receiver of cat head producing high temperature, and the high-temperature steam pushing turbine that generates in the receiver generates electricity.
Tower type solar energy thermal power generation can be divided into again two kinds by the difference of heating working medium, and a kind of is the heating pure water, another kind of for adding hot brine solution.
In salt tower type solar heat utilization power station, thousands of solar eyepieces with solar light focusing to the heat absorber of high building top, heat changes the saline solution in the heat absorber over to, its temperature is elevated to 565 ℃ from 265 ℃, then pyrosol is delivered in the hot salt storage, produces steam by steam generator, after the steam turbine acting, get back to again in the cold salt storage after the condensation heat release cooling, again squeeze in the heat absorber after boosting by the salt solution pump.
Although the starting of tower type thermal generation system early, people also wish by heliostat as much as possible solar energy to be gathered the level of tens megawatts always, but the cost of tower system is always high, and industrialization is difficult, and its basic reason is the design of heliostat system.The reflective surface that it is heliostat that the heliostat of at present typical tower type thermal generation system has two characteristics one nearly all adopts common sphere or plane, and the 2nd, the traditional elevation angle, azimythal angle formula is all used in the tracking of heliostat.These two design features cause tower type solar optically focused receiver to exist the following problem that is difficult to overcome:
The first, the sun presented significant variation at the hot spot that tower focuses within one day, caused the optically focused light intensity to fluctuate widely, and common sphere or planar mirror can't overcome the aberration that produces owing to solar motion.Because the card effect of the sun, the spot size that each reflector forms at central tower is along with the distance of it and central tower increases and linear growth, on the tower the last solar focusing hot spot that forms within one day can with the size of heliostat field from several meters change to tens meters big, so fluctuating widely appears in tower type solar energy thermal power generation station light light intensity.Add the different cosine effects of each heliostat, the photo-thermal conversion efficiency of tower system only is about 60%.Although at present in the design of some tower systems of relatively being particular about, the sphere that different heliostats is begun to adopt different curvature radius to be reducing the size of sun focal beam spot on tower, but the optical design complexity greatly increases and causes manufacture cost also and then to increase substantially.
The second, numerous heliostats is set up around central tower, and the foundation of the central tower that floor space is huge must guarantee can not stop light mutually between each heliostat.Distance between each heliostat increases substantially along with the increase of they and central tower distance, thereby the floor space of tower type thermal generation system is index and increases sharply along with the increase of power level.
Because above-mentioned these problems although the tower type thermal generation system can realize 1000 ℃ focusing high temperature, are faced with the excessive problem of unit installed capacity investment always.The initial cost cost of tower system is 3.4 ten thousand～4.8 ten thousand yuan at present, and the cost reduction is very difficult, does not promote so tower system rests on demonstration phase over more than 50 year all the time and comes.
Two, groove type solar power generation system
This system a kind ofly reflexes to solar light focusing on the heat accumulating pipe by the parabolic trough reflector, water is heated into the clean energy resource utilized device of Steam Actuation steam turbine power generation by managing interior heat carrying agent.The power of parabolic trough solar power station is 10～1000MW.Trough type solar power generation is prominent in present all solar energy thermal-power-generating stations.The heat that system's heat collector collects is delivered on the heat carrying agent that flows in the pipe, heat carrying agent can be water vapour, deep fat or salt solution etc., used reflector is made by poor iron glass, and enough accuracy of manufacturing must be arranged for it so that sunlight reflection effectively under any circumstance.
The reflector that the parabolic trough solar collector adopts is parabolic post.The sunlight of reflection focuses on point-blank, the vacuum tube glass heat collector that is placed on the focal line absorbs the solar radiation that is focused, temperature can reach 400 ℃, high temperature heat-carrying matter heating water in Intermediate Heat Exchanger produces water vapor, self drop in temperature, flow back to the solar thermal collector heat absorption by heat-carrying matter recycle pump, consist of thermal source one loop.The water vapor that produces is the turbine acting in steam turbine, drives the generator generating, and exhaust is condensed into water in condenser, after condensate pump and feed water pump boost, returns Intermediate Heat Exchanger again, continues circulation, and this consists of second servo loop.
The slot type system has replaced the pipeline of point focusing and focusing along with the cylinder parabolic mirror is followed the tracks of solar motion together with linear focusing, with regard to having solved the not high problem of photo-thermal conversion efficiency that tower system causes owing to focal beam spot is inhomogeneous, photo-thermal conversion efficiency is brought up to about 70% like this.It is the tracking that can't realize under the fixed target that but the slot type system also brings a new problem, causes system mechanics heavy.Because the focusing pipeline in the middle of the solar receiver is fixed on the slot type reflector, along with each slot type reflector of reflection is a large whole minute surface of length and width, windage is very large, must change or add the supporting structure of intensive reflector to increase the wind resistance of slot type system, must cause like this initial cost cost and hot cost of electricity-generating to increase.
The receiver of slot type system is long, and heat diffusion area is large, and the solar receiver of slot type system is the very long heat absorption tube of root, although developed many new extinction technology.But its heat radiation comprises that the heat diffusion area that is caused by thermal radiation is larger than its effective light-receiving area, therefore compares with tower with a type focusing system such as dish formula, and the heat loss of slot type system is larger.
Three, disc type solar energy power generation system
The disc type solar energy power generation system is comprised of the molecular parabolic mirror of mirror more than 2000.Receiver is guided to 600～2000 ℃ the thermal source of collecting in the Stirling engine on paraboloidal focus, and heat-transfer working medium is heated to about 750 ℃, drives at last generator and generates electricity.The dish reflector is followed the tracks of sun's motion and is moved, and has overcome the loss problem of the larger cosine effect of tower system, and photo-thermal conversion efficiency improves greatly, generally up to about 85%.
Dish formula receiver with solar focusing on the focus of the paraboloid of revolution, again because solar concentrator and Stirling engine can be extraordinary in conjunction with producing electric energy, it can reach the net efficiency that solar energy is converted to electric energy at 29.4%, is most effective in all solar electrical energy generations so Stirling circulates in the identical temperature range of operation.The disc type solar energy power generation system is used flexibly, both can make distributed system and power separately, also can generate electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems.
Being compared as follows shown in the table of disc type solar energy power generation system and groove type solar power generation system and tower type solar power generation system:
By this table as can be known, disc type solar energy generating operating temperature and optically focused are than being maximum, and its photo-thermal conversion efficiency ranks first at the similar system meta up to about 85%.The shortcoming of dish formula system is to involve great expense, and also is to occupy the first place in this system.The initial cost cost of dish formula heat generating system is up to 4.7 ten thousand～6.4 ten thousand yuan at present.The optically focused of pipe-dish type system is higher than very to the greatest extent, can reach 2000 ℃ high temperature, but high temperature like this does not need or even has destructive for present hot generation technology.So, the receiver of dish formula system generally is not placed on the focus, but require suitably to be placed in the lower humidity province according to performance index, in fact the advantage of high like this light gathering degree can not be fully played and the thermmal storage difficulty, and hot melt salt heat-storage technology is greatly dangerous and cost is high.
In sum, existing three kinds of solar light-heat power-generation technology all belong to the high temperature solar generation technology, the requirement that this has just increased greatly to the solar thermal collector performance also just certainly will increase the fund input at the solar energy heating apparatus, has increased initial investment.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides the system for geothermal production of electricity of the high stable employing photo-thermal double evaporation-cooling of a kind of cheap and cycle efficiency.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, technological scheme of the present invention has provided a kind of system for geothermal production of electricity that adopts the photo-thermal double evaporation-cooling, it is characterized in that: comprise vaporizer, regenerator, the condensate fractionation unit, solar energy ammonia heat collector, separator, steam turbine generator and give ammonia pump, geothermal water circulates via the hot media channel of vaporizer, geothermal water enters behind this hot media channel the medium of the cold medium channel of vaporizer that heat transferred flowed through, the outlet end of the cold medium channel of vaporizer connects separator, separator has gas outlet end and liquid outlet end, the weak aqua ammonia of separating via separator is divided into two-way, one the tunnel enters regenerator with the medium of exchange heat to the cold medium channel of the regenerator of flowing through, another road enters solar energy ammonia heat collector and produce more ammonia steam under solar irradiation, enter steam turbine generator behind this ammonia steam and the ammonia steam convergence of separating via separator and drive its generating, the outlet end of the cold medium channel of regenerator connects the entry end of the cold medium channel of vaporizer, the entry end of the cold medium channel of regenerator connects the outlet end to ammonia pump, the outlet end that connects the hot media channel of condensate fractionation unit to the entry end of ammonia pump, after confluxing, the outlet end of the outlet end of steam turbine generator and the hot media channel of regenerator is connected to the entry end of the hot media channel of condensate fractionation unit, the outlet end of the cold medium channel of regenerator connects the entry end of the cold medium channel of vaporizer, thereby cooling water circulates the heat of the medium of the hot media channel of taking away the condensate fractionation unit of flowing through via the cold medium channel of condensate fractionation unit.
Preferably, the number of described solar energy ammonia heat collector is 2 when above, adopts the needs of the system for geothermal production of electricity of photo-thermal double evaporation-cooling to carry out serial or parallel connection according to difference between the described solar energy ammonia heat collector.
Preferably, described solar energy ammonia heat collector comprises at least one vacuum tube, vacuum tube is fixed by the supporting structure of outside, tube wall in vacuum tube scribbles coating for selective absorption, be provided with at least a slice fin of level/vertically place in vacuum tube, do not have the U-shaped pipe of middle heat transfer medium to pass fin in the pipe and be located in the vacuum tube, the two ends of U-shaped pipe are located at outside the vacuum tube, when at least two vacuum tubes were arranged, the end of two adjacent U-shaped pipes interconnected.
Preferably, described condensate fractionation unit comprises condenser, top in condenser is provided with spraying device, and the outlet of the condensation side of condenser connects cooling tower, and the outlet of cooling tower is connected successively and connected the condensation side import of condenser behind the 3rd circulating water pump and the 3rd throttle valve.
The present invention is to provide the system for geothermal production of electricity that adopts the photo-thermal double evaporation-cooling, belong to geothermal power, solar heat electrical switching device technical field.With respect to traditional underground heat generation technology, it adopts low-temperature heat source in the utilization of card Linne circulating technology, its cycle efficiency exceeds 20～50% in the conventional Rankine cycle of middle low temperature range internal ratio, and this is very considerable in the energy utilization, has improved operational reliability and generating efficiency.The formation natural circulation is collected solar energy and is made ammoniacal liquor double evaporation-cooling generation ammonia steam between employing solar energy ammonia heat collector and the separator, thereby realizes the efficient conversion of photothermal power generation on the geothermal power generation basis.Its technology maturation, economically feasible, and its photo-thermal conversion efficiency is up to more than 95%, and this is that other solar thermal collectors institutes are unsurpassable.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1, will block first the Linne circulation generating equipment and be applied to geothermal energy solar cogeneration field, and can take full advantage of the geothermal energy solar energy characteristics, efficiency power generation is conducive to protection of the environment, energy saving;
2, in the system the solar energy ammonia heat collector thermal efficiency that adopts high, η 〉=95%, technology maturation;
3, intrasystem solar heat photoelectric transformation efficiency is up to more than 16%;
4, intrasystem solar energy ammonia heat collector is compared with identical conversion efficiency of thermoelectric equipment, and price is down to 1/3, has high price advantage in market;
5, intrasystem solar energy ammonia heat collector is compared with identical conversion efficiency of thermoelectric equipment, and product energy consumption shortens half payoff period, has high source benefit in the new energy industry;
6, fully reclaim the solar irradiation energy, do not affect power generation system at cloudy day or night under the condition and normally move, system has very strong adaptability to thermal source, has solved traditional solar-thermal generating system to the sensitive question of illumination variation;
7, solar energy ammonia heat collector project installation quantity controllability is strong in the system, and high efficiency range is wide;
8, equipment is simple, characteristics of compact layout, but complete production, and cost is lower, and every kilowatt of initial cost is about 1.4 ten thousand yuan;
9, the card Linne circulates in low temperature (≤150 ℃) section, and cycle efficiency is high, and is higher by 20～50% than conventional Rankine cycle;
10, ammonia water thermoelectric conversion system is stable, and is safe and reliable, can realize unattendedly, and maintenance period is long, and maintenance cost is low, and cost of electricity-generating is low;
11, applied widely, will be more practical in the area that solar energy resources and geothermal resources all enrich particularly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of connection block diagram that adopts the system for geothermal production of electricity of photo-thermal double evaporation-cooling provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 A is the structural representation of solar energy ammonia heat collector;
Fig. 2 B is the partial view of Fig. 2 A;
Fig. 2 C is the sectional view of Fig. 2 B;
Fig. 3 is the condensate fractionation cell schematics.
Embodiment
For the present invention is become apparent, hereby with preferred embodiment, and cooperate accompanying drawing to be described in detail below.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of system for geothermal production of electricity that adopts the photo-thermal double evaporation-cooling provided by the invention, comprise vaporizer 3, regenerator 2, condensate fractionation unit 1, solar energy ammonia heat collector 4, separator 5, steam turbine generator 6 and give ammonia pump 7, geothermal water circulates via the hot media channel of vaporizer 3, geothermal water enters behind this hot media channel the medium of the cold medium channel of vaporizer 3 that heat transferred flowed through, the outlet end of the cold medium channel of vaporizer 3 connects separator 5, separator 5 has gas outlet end and liquid outlet end, the weak aqua ammonia of separating via separator 5 is divided into two-way, one the tunnel enters regenerator 2 with the medium of exchange heat to the cold medium channel of the regenerator 2 of flowing through, another road enters solar energy ammonia heat collector 4 and produce more ammonia steam under solar irradiation, enter steam turbine generator 6 behind this ammonia steam and the ammonia steam convergence of separating via separator 5 and drive its generatings, the outlet end of the cold medium channel of regenerator 2 connects the entry end of the cold medium channel of vaporizer 3, the entry end of the cold medium channel of regenerator 2 connects the outlet end to ammonia pump 7, the outlet end that connects the hot media channel of condensate fractionation unit 1 to the entry end of ammonia pump 7, after confluxing, the outlet end of the hot media channel of the outlet end of steam turbine generator 6 and regenerator 2 is connected to the entry end of the hot media channel of condensate fractionation unit 1, as shown in the figure, in the present embodiment, outlet end at the hot media channel of regenerator 2 has also increased a valve, the outlet end of the cold medium channel of regenerator 2 connects the entry end of the cold medium channel of vaporizer 3, thereby cooling water circulates the heat of the medium of the hot media channel of taking away the condensate fractionation unit 1 of flowing through via the cold medium channel of condensate fractionation unit 1.
If the number of solar energy ammonia heat collector 1 is 2 when above, adopt the needs of the system for geothermal production of electricity of photo-thermal double evaporation-cooling to carry out serial or parallel connection according to difference between the solar energy ammonia heat collector 1.
Shown in Fig. 2 A to Fig. 2 C, solar energy ammonia heat collector 1 comprises a plurality of vacuum tubes 8, vacuum tube 8 is fixing by outside supporting structure 11, tube wall in vacuum tube 8 scribbles coating for selective absorption, be provided with at least a slice fin 9 of level/vertically place in vacuum tube 8, do not have the U-shaped pipe 10 of middle heat transfer medium to pass fin 9 in the pipe and be located in the vacuum tube 8, the two ends of U-shaped pipe 10 are located at outside the vacuum tube 8, when at least two vacuum tubes 8 were arranged, the end of two adjacent U-shaped pipes 10 interconnected.
As shown in Figure 3, condensate fractionation unit 1 comprises condenser 29, top in condenser 29 is provided with spraying device 25, the outlet of the condensation side of condenser 29 connects cooling tower 26, connect the successively condensation side import of the 3rd circulating water pump 27 and the 3rd throttle valve 28 rear connection condensers 29 of the outlet of cooling tower 26.
During use, the vaporizer 3 of the card Linne cycle power cycle system that geothermal water enters is with the cycle fluid-ammonia water mixture of heat transferred card Linne power system.Out ammoniacal liquor of vaporizer 3-ammonia two-phase steam enters separator 5 and carries out vapor-liquid separation; Separator 5 forms natural circulation with solar thermal collector 4, absorbs the more ammonia steam of luminous energy generation and enters steam turbine generator 6, ammonia steam driven steam turbine generator 6 generatings of separating; The weak aqua ammonia of separating enters regenerator 2 heating, enters at last condenser 1 and is condensed by water quench.The ammoniacal liquor that condenses carries out the backheat heating through delivering to regenerator 2 for ammonia pump 7, again enters the heat that vaporizer 3 absorbs geothermal water.
The present invention has fully used card Linne system in underground heat and photo-thermal field advantage separately, and makes it combination, has formed more efficient, stable system.
What card Linne system itself utilized is exactly the characteristics that ammonia water mixture has inconstant boiling temperature, can dwindle the heat transfer temperature difference with thermal source.On thermal curve, the heat absorption evaporator section, ammonia water mixture does not have the level pressure endothermic process, it can than the pure water of routine Duo the suction a part of heat.At condensating section, in like manner ammoniacal liquor does not have fixing condensation point, and at the heat release condensating section, it just can put a part of heat less.Many heat absorptions, few heat release, efficiency of thermal cycle can obtain raising.
Solar energy ammonia heat collector has improved ammonia steam turbine inlet condition, thereby has realized high efficiency solar generator conversion.
Claims (4)
1. system for geothermal production of electricity that adopts the photo-thermal double evaporation-cooling, it is characterized in that: comprise vaporizer (3), regenerator (2), condensate fractionation unit (1), solar energy ammonia heat collector (4), separator (5), steam turbine generator (6) and give ammonia pump (7), geothermal water circulates via the hot media channel of vaporizer (3), geothermal water enters behind this hot media channel the medium of the cold medium channel of vaporizer (3) that heat transferred flowed through, the outlet end of the cold medium channel of vaporizer (3) connects separator (5), separator (5) has gas outlet end and liquid outlet end, the weak aqua ammonia of separating via separator (5) is divided into two-way, one the tunnel enters regenerator (2) with the medium of exchange heat to the cold medium channel of the regenerator (2) of flowing through, another road enters solar energy ammonia heat collector (4) and produce more ammonia steam under solar irradiation, enter steam turbine generator (6) behind this ammonia steam and the ammonia steam convergence of separating via separator (5) and drive its generating, the outlet end of the cold medium channel of regenerator (2) connects the entry end of the cold medium channel of vaporizer (3), the entry end of the cold medium channel of regenerator (2) connects the outlet end to ammonia pump (7), the outlet end that connects the hot media channel of condensate fractionation unit (1) to the entry end of ammonia pump (7), after confluxing, the outlet end of the hot media channel of the outlet end of steam turbine generator (6) and regenerator (2) is connected to the entry end of the hot media channel of condensate fractionation unit (1), the outlet end of the cold medium channel of regenerator (2) connects the entry end of the cold medium channel of vaporizer (3), cooling water via condensate fractionation unit (1) thus cold medium channel circulate the heat of the medium of the hot media channel of taking away the condensate fractionation unit (1) of flowing through.
2. a kind of system for geothermal production of electricity that adopts the photo-thermal double evaporation-cooling as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the number of described solar energy ammonia heat collector (1) is 2 when above, adopts the needs of the system for geothermal production of electricity of photo-thermal double evaporation-cooling to carry out serial or parallel connection according to difference between the described solar energy ammonia heat collector (1).
3. a kind of system for geothermal production of electricity that adopts the photo-thermal double evaporation-cooling as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described solar energy ammonia heat collector (1) comprises at least one vacuum tube (8), vacuum tube (8) is fixing by outside supporting structure (11), tube wall in vacuum tube (8) scribbles coating for selective absorption, in vacuum tube (8), be provided with level/vertical at least a slice fin (9) of placing, not having the U-shaped pipe (10) of middle heat transfer medium to pass fin (9) in the pipe is located in the vacuum tube (8), the two ends of U-shaped pipe (10) are located at outside the vacuum tube (8), when at least two vacuum tubes (8) were arranged, the end of adjacent two U-shaped pipes (10) interconnected.
4. a kind of system for geothermal production of electricity that adopts the photo-thermal double evaporation-cooling as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described condensate fractionation unit (1) comprises condenser (29), top in condenser (29) is provided with spraying device (25), the outlet of the condensation side of condenser (29) connects cooling tower (26), and the outlet of cooling tower (26) is connected successively and connected the condensation side import of condenser (29) behind the 3rd circulating water pump (27) and the 3rd throttle valve (28).
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Application publication date: 20130918 |