CN101647716A - Device for directly measuring blood flow velocity - Google Patents

Device for directly measuring blood flow velocity Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101647716A
CN101647716A CN 200910104788 CN200910104788A CN101647716A CN 101647716 A CN101647716 A CN 101647716A CN 200910104788 CN200910104788 CN 200910104788 CN 200910104788 A CN200910104788 A CN 200910104788A CN 101647716 A CN101647716 A CN 101647716A
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image block
blood flow
frame
specific image
flow velocity
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CN101647716B (en
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赵志强
赵德春
张汇泉
李章勇
王伟
陈家辉
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Chongqing Hangyue Shuyun Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Chongqing University of Post and Telecommunications
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Abstract

The invention provides a device for directly measuring blood flow velocity, which comprises an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, wherein a main machine video output opening of the ultrasonic diagnosticapparatus is directly connected to a sampling system, an image processing unit and a blood flow velocity calculating unit; the sampling system selects a specific image block (2) and continuously samples a harmonic wave image, and the image processing unit processes the harmonic wave image according to a two-dimensional cross-correlation algorithm. The device is used for imaging a blood vessel inwhich a tracing agent (3) is stored, confirming the specific image block (2) in the formed image, then realizing the continuous tracking on the specific image block (2), extracting the corresponding track information and realizing the direct detection on the blood flow velocity by combining the recorded image frame number during the tracking. The scheme obtains a moving track irrelevant to indirect parameters by tracking the specific image block (2) between the frames, ensures the independence of detection on a principle and a method and achieves the aim of directly measuring the blood flow velocity.

Description

A kind of device of direct measurement blood flow velocity
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device of direct measurement blood flow velocity, belong to the armarium technical field.
Background technology
Blood flow velocity belongs to the hemodynamics category, is an important indicator weighing health.The blood flow rate mensuration of large, medium and small in the past type arteries, vein blood vessel and blood capillary has multiple.Utilize principle of Doppler, promptly detect blood flow rate with the ultrasonic probe of ultrasonic doppler instrument; Utilize the Electromagnetic Flow principle to detect the blood flow at place, probe installation position, again according to the long-pending blood flow rate that calculates of this place's vessel cross-sections; Utilize the blood heat perception principle, detect blood flow rate with the Swan-Ganz conduit that critesistor is installed.In addition, also have nuclear magnetic resonance method, optical method, dilution method etc.
Ultrasound Doppler's method be according to ultrasound wave after running into moving object (as cell), the phenomenon of skew takes place in its supersonic frequency, measures blood flow in the blood vessel.This certainty of measurement is subjected to influence of various factors such as blood flow character, sampling volume, sample position, head angle, probe compressing power, existence can not with problems such as other blood flow parameter synchronous recording.Nuclear magnetic resonance method is to utilize in the constant linear magnetic field gradient, apply the resonance radio-frequency pulse of constant intensity, the proton of water changes steady state way in tissue or the organ tremulous pulse, the result is that the inductive rotation of adiabatic express passway moves up along magnetic field gradient directions, measure the speed of current thus according to the imaging of nuclear magnetic resonance, NMR, be blood flow rate.This method is mainly used in the research of local cerebral blood flow and brain function, and operating process is quite complicated, and medical care expenses is higher.And optical method only is applicable to the blood vessel of translucidus, as microcirculation, optical fundus blood vessel etc.Dilution method is a kind of method that realizes measuring blood flow rate according to Fick principle, and this method can only be measured the mean blood flow in a period of time, can not reflect the variation of real-time and dynamic blood flow rate.
Above-mentioned prior art respectively has pluses and minuses, all because of being subjected to influence of various factors, can't reach the purpose of direct measurement blood flow rate.
Summary of the invention
At the prior art above shortcomings, it is simple to the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of operating process, the low device that can realize directly measuring blood flow velocity of expense.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: a kind of device of direct measurement blood flow velocity, comprise diasonograph, and the main frame video output of diasonograph directly inserts sampling system, and graphics processing unit and blood flow rate are calculated the unit;
Wherein, diasonograph: the local vascular that has tracer is carried out the imaging of blood vessel interimage, the specific image block in one-tenth's moving image in selected initial frame and this frame, and specific image block is followed the tracks of from beginning this moment;
Graphics processing unit: to diasonograph obtain the back one two field picture in, central point with the former frame specific image block is that geometric center is determined the region of search, in the region of search, search out image block with former specific image block similarity maximum, and with the image block of this similarity maximum specific image block as this frame, realize the tracking of two interframe specific image block, extract the displacement information of specific image block between frame and the frame;
Blood flow rate is calculated the unit: the tracking step that repeats the blood flow rate processing unit, carry out the Continuous Tracking of specific image block, until selected target area, determine the motion track information of specific image block, and, realize measuring and calculating to blood flow velocity in conjunction with by the determined time-parameters of corresponding number of image frames.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention has guaranteed the independence that detects owing to be to obtain and the irrelevant movement locus of indirect parameters by the tracking of the specific image block between frame and the frame from theoretical and method, has reached the purpose of direct measurement blood flow velocity.And this programme can be realized the direct mensuration to the blood flow rate of different blood vessel such as large, medium and small type arteries, vein blood vessel and microcirculation.Simultaneously, this programme can use different tracers (as acoustic contrast agent, isotope etc.), to adapt to different application according to the difference of image-forming principle.Obviously, the region of search in the scheme and the shape of specific image block (as rectangle, rhombus, ellipse etc.) can be as requested and/or condition, select; The diasonograph that diasonograph can adopt classes such as SIUI APOGEE3500 colorful Doppler ultrasound diagnostic apparatus, the digital colorful Doppler ultrasound diagnostic apparatus of Ruby DC-5 and SONOS--4500 type colorful ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus can carry out harmonic imaging all can; The tracking of track, available Matlab, VC++ are handled in the calculating of formula etc., and the programming in PC or embedded system (as ARM, FPGA etc.) of softwares such as Delphi realizes.
Use the method for this device to be, at first the blood vessel that has tracer is carried out imaging, and in one-tenth's image, determine a specific image block.After process in realize Continuous Tracking to this specific image block, extract its corresponding trace information, and the number of image frames that is write down when following the tracks of, realize direct mensuration to blood flow velocity.This programme obtains and the irrelevant movement locus of indirect parameters by the tracking of the specific image block between frame and the frame, has guaranteed the independence that detects from theoretical and method, has reached the purpose of direct measurement blood flow velocity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: the present invention directly measures the structured flowchart of blood flow velocity device.
Fig. 2: the sketch map of only drawing the region of search in the local vascular.
Fig. 3: realize sketch map in the region of search to the specific image block tracking.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of device of direct measurement blood flow velocity comprises diasonograph, and the main frame video output of diasonograph directly inserts sampling system, and graphics processing unit and blood flow rate are calculated the unit;
Wherein, diasonograph adopts SIUI APOGEE3500 colorful Doppler ultrasound diagnostic apparatus that the local vascular that has tracer 3 is carried out the imaging of blood vessel interimage, specific image block 2 in one-tenth's moving image in selected initial frame and this frame, and specific image block 2 is followed the tracks of from beginning this moment;
Graphics processing unit: to diasonograph obtain the back one two field picture in, central point with former frame specific image block 2 is that geometric center is determined region of search 1, in region of search 1, search out image block with former specific image block 2 similarity maximums, and with the image block of this similarity maximum specific image block 2 as this frame, realize the tracking of two interframe specific image block 2, extract the displacement information of specific image block 2 between frame and the frame;
Blood flow rate is calculated the unit: the repeat track step, carry out the Continuous Tracking of specific image block 2,, determine the motion track information of specific image block 2 until selected target area, and, realize measuring and calculating to blood flow velocity in conjunction with by the determined time-parameters of corresponding number of image frames.
The main frame video output of SIUI APOGEE3500 colorful Doppler ultrasound diagnostic apparatus directly inserts sampling system and computer system; Wherein, graphics processing unit is selected specific image block 2, continuous sampling harmonic image (frame frequency of B ultrasonic scanner was 30 frame/seconds), and graphics processing unit is according to the two-dimensional cross correlation algorithm process; Computer system is carried out following steps:
Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, selected t: the size among the harmonic image x is the specific image block 2 of L * K constantly, be that the center is at t 0Correspondence position among the+1/f image Y constantly determines that size is the region of search 1 of 2M * 2G, calculate size such as this field of search each and specific image block 2 and be (m with respect to specific image block 2 center offsets, n) correlation coefficient between the zone, computing formula is as follows:
p m , n = Σ i = 1 L Σ j = 1 K ( X i , j - X ‾ ) ( Y i + m , j + n - Y ‾ ) [ Σ i = 1 L Σ j = 1 K ( X i , j - X ‾ ) 2 ( Y i , j - Y ‾ ) 2 ] 1 / 2
Wherein, X I, jIn image x, be the i.e. point (1,1) of basic point with the summit in the upper left corner, horizontal i row, the pixel value of the pixel that vertical j is capable; Y I+m, j+nIn image Y, with X I, jGet same basic point, horizontal i+m row, the pixel value of the pixel that vertical j+n is capable; X, Y is presentation video x respectively, the average pixel value of all pixels among the y.
Maximum P MaxBe generally 0.935, the image block of the maximum correspondence of correlation coefficient in this region of search 1 is the image block of the similarity maximum of specific image block 2 in image Y, and the line between the two is that specific image block 2 is at the shift value of 1/f in the time;
Graphics processing unit repeat track step is carried out the Continuous Tracking of specific image block 2, until selected target area, determine the motion track information of specific image block 2, and, realize measuring and calculating to blood flow velocity in conjunction with by the determined time-parameters of corresponding number of image frames, be calculated as follows:
V ‾ = Σ i = 0 N - 2 S i N - 1 × f ,
Wherein V is for measuring the blood flow mean flow rate; N is to the frame number the abort frame by initial frame;
The frame frequency of f for providing by system; S iFor being initial frame, by the displacement information of i frame to the specific image block of being extracted the i+1 frame 2 since the 0th frame.
All programming realizations under the Matlab environment are handled in the tracking of above track, the calculating of formula etc.
Apparatus of the present invention can realize directly measuring blood flow velocity, also have simple in structure, lower-cost advantage.
Use the device of a kind of direct measurement blood flow velocity provided by the invention, at first the local vascular that has tracer 3 is carried out the imaging of blood vessel interimage, specific image block 2 in selected initial frame and this frame in one-tenth's moving image, and specific image block 2 is followed the tracks of from beginning this moment.In one two field picture of back, central point with former frame specific image block 2 is determined region of search 1 as geometric center, in region of search 1, search out image block with former specific image block 2 similarity maximums, and with the image block of this similarity maximum specific image block 2 as this frame, realize the tracking of two interframe specific image block 2, extract the displacement information of specific image block 2 between frame and the frame.Repeat above-mentioned tracking step, carry out Continuous Tracking, determine the motion track information of specific image block 2, and, realize blood flow velocity is calculated in conjunction with the determined time-parameters of this programme to specific image block 2.
Above-mentioned specific image block 2 is image-regions that contain tracer 3 (not comprising initial frame) selected in region of search 1; Above-mentioned image block to the similarity maximum is used the two-dimensional cross correlation principle and is determined; The search radius of above-mentioned region of search 1 is not more than the theoretical maximum blood flow velocity V of local vascular MaxMerchant with frame frequency f; Specific image block 2 in above-mentioned initial frame and this frame can be the directly selected earlier t constantly of operator 0, and with this two field picture constantly as initial frame, and in this frame, determine the central point that is suitable for following the tracks of, make in the image-region that become and have tracer 3, and with the specific image block 2 of this image-region as initial frame with certain size.Also can determine the central point of specific image block 2 earlier by operator, and with this moment blaze be designated as t A, selected then t 0(t 0〉=t A) be the moment of initial frame; Above-mentioned generally is to be determined by the temporal information between initial frame and the abort frame about time-parameters.Abort frame wherein can be the directly selected earlier t constantly of operator D(t D>t 0), and with this two field picture constantly as abort frame.Also can determine the image-region (as a certain vertical section of blood vessel) that specific image block 2 must be passed through by operator in a period of time earlier, and define this zone for the target area.When specific image block 2 arrived the target area, blaze was designated as t at this moment D(t D>t 0), i.e. moment of abort frame.If t 0With t DAll be directly selected, then described time-parameters can directly be both differences.Otherwise described time-parameters promptly is the merchant of initial frame to the frame frequency f of number of image frames N between the abort frame and system.
Be example with acoustic contrast agent (microvesicle) as tracer 3 below, to explain the application of the present invention in conjunction with the ultra sonic imaging principle.
1, in blood vessel, injects an amount of acoustic contrast agent, the local vascular that has acoustic contrast agent is carried out harmonic imaging.
2, obtain the harmonic wave figure of blood vessel longitudinal section with SIUI APOGEE3500 colorful Doppler ultrasound diagnostic apparatus, the main frame video output of Ultrasound Instrument is directly inserted sampling and computer system is obtained sequence image.
3, treat that imaging region is fixed and image stabilization after start sampling system, selected specific image block 2, continuous sampling harmonic image (frame frequency of B ultrasonic scanner was 30 frame/seconds) is according to the two-dimensional cross correlation algorithm process.Processing method is as follows:
Selected t 0Constantly the size among the harmonic image x is the specific image block 2 (Fig. 3) of L * K, be that the center is at t 0Correspondence position among the+1/f image Y constantly determines that size is the region of search 1 of 2M * 2G, calculate size such as this field of search each and specific image block 2 and be (m with respect to specific image block 2 center offsets, n) correlation coefficient between the zone, computing formula is as follows:
p m , n = Σ i = 1 L Σ j = 1 K ( X i , j - X ‾ ) ( Y i + m , j + n - Y ‾ ) [ Σ i = 1 L Σ j = 1 K ( X i , j - X ‾ ) 2 ( Y i , j - Y ‾ ) 2 ] 1 / 2
Cross-correlation coefficient P in the region of search 1 M, nMaximum P MaxBe generally 0.935, the image block of the maximum correspondence of correlation coefficient in this region of search 1 is the image block of the similarity maximum of specific image block 2 in image Y, and the line between the two is that specific image block 2 is at the shift value of 1/f in the time.The repeat track step is carried out the Continuous Tracking of specific image block 2, until selected target area, determines the motion track information of specific image block 2, and in conjunction with by the determined time-parameters of corresponding number of image frames, realizes the measuring and calculating to blood flow velocity, is calculated as follows:
V ‾ = Σ i = 0 N - 2 S i N - 1 × f
All programming realizations under the Matlab environment are handled in the tracking of above track, the calculating of formula etc.The present invention determines the motion track information of specific image block 2 by the Continuous Tracking to specific image block 2, and in conjunction with the determined time-parameters of this programme, realizes the measuring and calculating to blood flow velocity.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of device of direct measurement blood flow velocity is characterized in that, comprises diasonograph, and the main frame video output of diasonograph directly inserts sampling system, and graphics processing unit and blood flow rate are calculated the unit;
Wherein, diasonograph: the local vascular that has tracer (3) is carried out the imaging of blood vessel interimage, the specific image block (2) in one-tenth's moving image in selected initial frame and this frame, and specific image block is followed the tracks of from beginning this moment;
Graphics processing unit: to diasonograph obtain the back one two field picture in, central point with the former frame specific image block is that geometric center is determined region of search (1), in region of search (1), search out image block with former specific image block (2) similarity maximum, and with the image block of this similarity maximum specific image block (2) as this frame, realize the tracking of two interframe specific image block (2), extract the displacement information of specific image block (2) between frame and the frame;
Blood flow rate is calculated the unit: the repeat track step, carry out the Continuous Tracking of specific image block (2),, determine the motion track information of specific image block (2) until selected target area, and, realize measuring and calculating to blood flow velocity in conjunction with by the determined time-parameters of corresponding number of image frames.
2, the device of a kind of direct measurement blood flow velocity as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described graphics processing unit repeat track step, carry out the Continuous Tracking of specific image block (2), until selected target area, determine the motion track information of specific image block (2), and combination is by the determined time-parameters of corresponding number of image frames; Blood flow rate is calculated the measuring and calculating of unit realization to blood flow velocity, calculates by following formula:
V ‾ = Σ i = 0 N - 2 S i N - 1 × f ,
Wherein V is for measuring the blood flow mean flow rate; N is to the frame number the abort frame by initial frame;
The frame frequency of f for providing by system; S iFor being initial frame, by the displacement information of i frame to the specific image block of being extracted the i+1 frame since the 0th frame.
3, the device of a kind of direct measurement blood flow velocity as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the search radius of above-mentioned region of search is less than the merchant of theoretical maximum blood flow velocity Vmax of local vascular and frame frequency f.
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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8542895B2 (en) 2010-01-05 2013-09-24 Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co., Ltd. Methods and systems for color flow dynamic frame persistence
CN104220005A (en) * 2012-04-18 2014-12-17 日立阿洛卡医疗株式会社 Ultrasound image capture device and ultrasound image capture method
CN107411778A (en) * 2017-05-17 2017-12-01 上海交通大学 A kind of non-invasive detection system of peripheral vessel blood flow regulation function
CN108245194A (en) * 2017-12-21 2018-07-06 四川省人民医院 Ultrasonoscopy heart flow field method for estimating based on cuckoo optimisation strategy
CN109157247A (en) * 2018-08-20 2019-01-08 云南大学 A kind of ultrasound blood velocity field measurement of optimal frame period tracking estimation
CN111374709A (en) * 2018-12-27 2020-07-07 深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司 Ultrasonic blood flow imaging method and system
CN111728643A (en) * 2020-06-24 2020-10-02 南京超维景生物科技有限公司 Single blood vessel ultrasonic blood flow perfusion imaging method and device thereof
CN113450537A (en) * 2021-06-25 2021-09-28 北京小米移动软件有限公司 Fall detection method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8542895B2 (en) 2010-01-05 2013-09-24 Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co., Ltd. Methods and systems for color flow dynamic frame persistence
US9202273B2 (en) 2010-01-05 2015-12-01 Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics, Co., Ltd. Methods and systems for color flow dynamic frame persistence
US9202274B2 (en) 2010-01-05 2015-12-01 Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co., Ltd. Methods and systems for color flow dynamic frame persistence
CN104220005A (en) * 2012-04-18 2014-12-17 日立阿洛卡医疗株式会社 Ultrasound image capture device and ultrasound image capture method
CN107411778A (en) * 2017-05-17 2017-12-01 上海交通大学 A kind of non-invasive detection system of peripheral vessel blood flow regulation function
CN108245194A (en) * 2017-12-21 2018-07-06 四川省人民医院 Ultrasonoscopy heart flow field method for estimating based on cuckoo optimisation strategy
CN108245194B (en) * 2017-12-21 2020-06-19 四川省人民医院 Ultrasonic image heart flow field motion estimation method based on cuckoo optimization strategy
CN109157247A (en) * 2018-08-20 2019-01-08 云南大学 A kind of ultrasound blood velocity field measurement of optimal frame period tracking estimation
CN109157247B (en) * 2018-08-20 2021-03-26 云南大学 Ultrasonic blood flow velocity field measurement for optimal frame interval tracking estimation
CN111374709A (en) * 2018-12-27 2020-07-07 深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司 Ultrasonic blood flow imaging method and system
CN111728643A (en) * 2020-06-24 2020-10-02 南京超维景生物科技有限公司 Single blood vessel ultrasonic blood flow perfusion imaging method and device thereof
CN113450537A (en) * 2021-06-25 2021-09-28 北京小米移动软件有限公司 Fall detection method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

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